1 


'  1 1 1 1  III 


HISTORY  OP 
JHC  SEVENTY 
SEVENTH  ^ 
=  DIVISION 


AUCUST  '254h.I9I7 
NOVEMBER,  IHh.I9I8 


Copyright  1919,  by 

The  77th  Division  Association 

New  Yorli. 


WH'C 


THE     SERVICE 


THE  SERVICE  IS  NOT  A  MOSAIC  OF  PARTS; 
IT  IS  A  UNITY  OF  MANY  PARTS  WELDED 
INTO  ONE.  IT  IS  FAR  MORE  THAN  AN 
ORGANIZED  FORCE  OF  MATERIAL  POWER. 
THE  SERVICE,  EMBRACING  WITHIN  ITS 
STRENGTH  THE  INFANTRY,  THE  ARTILLERY, 
AND  ALL  THE  VARIED  BRANCHES  THAT 
CONTRIBUTE  TO  (THE  EFHCIENCY  OF)  THE 
WHOLE,  IS  AN  INSTITUTION  WITH  ITS 
GLORIOUS  TRADITIONS  REFLECTED  AND 
EMBODIED  IN  THE  PRESENT.  THE  FEARLESS 
DEFENDER  OF  OUR  RIGHTS  AND  LIBERTIES, 
THE  PROTECTOR  OF  OUR  INHERITANCE;  THE 
GUARDIAN  OF  OUR  IDEALS  AND  TRADITIONS, 
IT  STANDS  THE  GLORY  AND  PRIDE  OF  A 
GREAT  UNITED  PEOPLE.  BOUND  TOGETHER 
BY  BONDS  OF  COMMON  SYMPATHY,  PURIRED 
BY  ONE  SPIRIT  OF  DUTY  AND  SACRIFICE, 
ACTUATED  BY  THE  SAME  INSPIRATIONS  AND 
IMPULSES,  IT  IS  ENNOBLED  AND  GUIDED  BY 
THE  SAME  HOPES  AND  IDEALS.  THE  SPIRIT 
OF  THE  SERVICE  HAS  ENSHRINED  ITSELF  IN 
THE  HEARTS  OF  A  NATION.  ITS  ACHIEVE- 
MENTS HAVE  BECOME  THE  REALIZATION 
OF  OUR  MOST  FERVENT  PRAYERS, 
THE  RECIPIENT  OF  OUR  JUST  PRAISES 
AND  THE  EMBODIMENT  IN  GOLDEN 
DEEDS  OF  WHAT  WE  MOST  PRIZE  AND 
ESTEEM     IN     AMERICAN     MANHOOD 


yvi«^ 


INTRODUCTION 

-]  HIS  short  account  of  the  activities  of  the  77th  Division,  National  Army,  does 
not  purport  to  be  a  dry  recounting  of  facts,  ponderously  arranged  in  chrono- 
logical order;  neither  is  it  possible  to  tell  in  detail  the  countless  brave  and 
heroic  acts  perforn.ed  by  all  ranks  and  all  branches  of  the  Division.  Instead, 
this  history  is  in  the  nature  of  word  pictures,  classifying  the  progressive  states 
of  development  and  depicting  therein  typical  scenes  and  incidents  common  to 
all.  There  are,  however,  certain  facts  in  the  Division's  history  which  cannot 
be  passed  over  without  a  word  of  comment. 

(1)  The  77th  Division  was  the  first  National  Army  Division  in  Europe. 
By  way  of  explanation,  a  National  Army  Division  is  one  of  three  types  of  Divisions  comprising  the 
American  Army:  (a)  The  Regular  Army  Divisions,  consisting  of  soldiers  by  profession;  (b)  The 
National  Guard  Divisions,  comprised  of  trojps  voluntarily  forming  themselves  into  regiments  in 
peace  time  under  the  jurisdiction  of  their  respective  States,  and  who,  while  continuing  their  civil 
pur3uits,  devoted  a  period  of  time  each  week  to  their  military  training;  (c)  The  National  Army 
Divisions,  inducted  into  the  Military  Service  by  draft  boards,  after  the  outbreak  of  hostilities, 
consisting  of  raw,  untrained  civilians  unused  to  the  customs  and  regulations  of  the  military  service. 

(2)  The  77th  Division  was  the  first  National  Army  Division  to  be  made  responsible  for  a  sector 
of  the  European  battle  front. 

(3)  The  77th  Division  was  the  first  National  Army  contingent  to  be  ordered  to  an  active 
part  of  the  line. 

(4)  During  the  whole  of  the  operation  which  cleared  the  Forest  of  the  Argonne,  the  77th  Divi- 
sion was  at  all  times  operating  within  the  Forest  itself,  of  which  it  was  assigned  a  front  at  the  be- 
ginning of  7J  2  kilometers.  Another  American  Division  was  placed  in  line  on  the  right  of  the  77th 
Division  at  the  inception  of  the  operation  on  Sept.  26,  1918,  with  a  front  in  the  Forest  itself  of  about 
2  kilometers.  This  Division  emerged  from  the  Forest  into  the  open  after  the  first  day's  operation. 
The  Forest  itself,  hitherto  considered  impracticable  ground  for  an  offensive,  was  cleared  of  the  enemy 
by  the  77th  Division,  against  which  were  opposed  five  German  Divisions. 

(5)  The  77th  Division  in  the  Argonne-Meuse  operations  gained  every  kilometer  on  its  front 
from  the  original  line  Sept.  26,  1918,  to  the  line  as  it  stood  along  the  Meuse  Nov.  11,  1918,  totalling 
an  advance  of  593^  kilometers. 

The  77th  was  in  a  support  position  from  Oct.  16,  1918,  to  Oct.  31,  1918,  and,  upon  again  becom- 
ing an  attacking  Division,  found  the  line  just  where  it  had  been  left  a  fortnight  before. 

(6)  The  vital  importance  of  the  territory  over  which  the  77th  operated  in  the  Argonne-Meuse 
battle  cannot  be  over-estimated.  As  a  great  French  General  stated  prior  to  the  commencement  of 
this  decisive  engagement:  "  The  Allied  Armies  will  strike  at  the  door  of  Germany.  To  the  American 
Army  has  been  assigned  the  hinges  of  this  mighty  door;  either  you  will  push  it  open  or  you  will  tear 
it  down."  To  the  77th  was  given  a  post  of  honor,  the  core  of  these  hinges,  which  had  stood  p"-  ^♦> 
cally  unmolested  for  about  three  years,  as  though  by  mutual  consent  of  both  belligerents. 

How  unsuccessfully  these  hinges  withstood  the  powerful  attack  of  the  Americans,  the  progress 
of  the  battle  gives  testimony. 

(7)  The  divisions  opposing  the  77th  during  the  operations  in  the  Baccarat  sector  were  two, 
on  the  Vesle  and  Aisne  front  four,  in  the  Argonne  Forest  five,  and  from  the  Argonne  to  the  Meuse 
nine.  The  great  number  of  divisions  on  the  front  of  the  77th  is  indicative  both  of  the  severity  of 
its  attacks  and  the  duration  of  its  tour  of  duty  as  a  front-line  Division,  while  in  certain  instances  it 
is  proof  positive  of  the  importance  attached  by  the  enemy  to  the  terrain  over  which  the  77th  Divi- 
sion was  operating. 

[7] 


With  such  a  record,  one  ceases  to  wonder  at  the  thrill  of  pride  its  members  have  in  claiming 
the  77th  Division  as  their  own.  The  superstitious  contend  there  is  a  reason  for  this  remarkable 
record.  The  German  artillerymen  boasted  of  the  deadly  efliciency  of  his  light  artillery,  commonly 
called  77'3  from  the  size  of  the  shell.  Believing  there  is  something  to  a  name,  America  sent  forth 
her  77's  to  meet  them.  The  German  77's  are  silenced,  but  the  name  and  fame  of  the  thousands  of 
77's  who  comprise  the  77th  Division  will  continue  as  long  as  the  great  deeds  in  American  History 
are  recounted. 

Seven  is  a  lucky  number,  but  to  be  called  double  seven  could  only  intensify  the  success  of  a 
unit  bearing  that  name,  as  the  succeeding  pages  of  this  volume  will  bear  witness. 

You  have  been  told  of  the  Seven  Ages  of  Man;  this  history  tells  you  of  Seven  Phases  in  the  life 
of  an  American  Di%  ision,  differing  from  Mr.  Shakespeare  in  that,  while  his  subject  reaches  a  climax 
during  the  4th  age  and  then  retrogresses  in  its  development,  the  77th  Division  progresses  in  each 
succeeding  phase  until  the  final  one  finds  it  more  powerful  and  effective  than  at  any  other  time 
throughout  its  magnificent  career. 

Our  story  naturally  resolves  itself  into  the  following  seven  phases: — 

PHASE  I. — August  25,  1917-March  27,  1918,  is  a  formative  period  beginning  with  the  first 
arrival  of  recruits  at  Camp  Upton,  N.  Y.,  and  shows  the  Di^'ision  struggling  to  mould  into  soldiers 
the  thousands  of  civilians,  Uttle  used  to  Army  discipline  and  heretofore  in  the  habit  of  changing  en- 
vironment if  conditions  did  not  suit  their  fancies.  The  recruits  represented  all  races  and  all  creeds — 
men  who  had  only  recently  been  subjected  to  the  pogroms  of  Russia,  gunmen  and  gangsters,  a  type 
peculiar. to  New  York  City,  ItaHans,  Chinamen,  the  Jews  and  the  Irish,  a  heterogeneous  mass, 
truly  representative  both  of  the  varied  human  flotsam  and  the  sturdy  American  manhood  which 
comprise  the  civil  population  of  New  York  City.  To  stamp  the  fundamental  principles  of  military 
discipline  on  such  men  was  a  gigantic  task.  How  successfully  this  foundation  was  laid,  the  casual- 
ties reports  a  year  later  bear  testimony,  for  the  rude  wooden  crosses  erected  over  the  Uttle  graves 
dotting  the  landscape  of  France  bear  the  names  of  all  these  classes. 

The  first  units  embarked  for  France  March  27,  1918.  The  submarine  gauntlet  was  success- 
fully run,  the  entire  Division  landed  without  loss  of  life  as  the  result  of  enemy  activity,  and  the  first 
period  in  the  Divisions  fife  had  ended. 

PHASE  n. — Begins  on  May  6,  1918,  as  the  Infantry  takes  up  its  further  training  with  the 
British  Army  in  the  Pas-de-Calais,  the  Artillery  proceeding  to  Souge  for  additional  instruction 
from  the  French.     Infantry  training  was  completed  on  June  6,  1918.     Artillery  training  on  July  4. 

PHASE  III.— June  19,  1918-August  3,  1918.  The  Baccarat  sector  was  held,  at  first  in  con- 
junction with  thff  French,  and  later  alone.  The  front  was  quiet,  admirably  well  adapted  for  the  fur- 
ther training  of  inexperienced  divisions. 

PHASE  IV. — August  11, 1918-September  4, 1918.  The  Division  takes  position  along  the  Vesle 
and  there  experiences  the  first  real  test  of  heavy  shell  fire.  A  line  is  occupied  on  which  the  enemy 
temporarily  checked  the  counter-offensive  of  the  Allies  begun  in  the  preceding  month  of  July.  The 
stabiUzation  of  such  a  front  was  a  severe  test  for  inexperienced  troops. 

PHASE  V. — September  4,  1918— September  16,  1918.  A  turning  point  in  the  career  of  the 
Division  is  reached.  While  it  had  plodded  along  steadily  in  its  development  as  a  fighting  unit, 
there  was  much  to  be  desired.  Each  part  of  the  organization  functioned  separately  and  the  proper 
coordination  did  not  exist.  WTiat  corresponds  to  a  soul  in  the  human  being,  is  morale  in  a  mifitary 
una.  Both  are  sacred  and  both  are  priceless.  The  77th  still  lacked  her  soul.  At  this  juncture 
General  Robert  Alexander  took  command  and  effected  a  change  little  short  of  the  miraculous. 

The  parts  became  harmonized;  what  had  been  potential  became  real;  the  Division  attacked 
and  advanced  from  the  Vesle  to  the  Aisne;  a  feeling  of  confidence  swept  through  its  ranks;  the 
knowledge  of  might  and  the  will  to  exercise  it  properly  had  sprung  into  being;  tlie  77th  had  uncon- 
sciously achieved  a  morale.  Lipling's  description  of  "The  Ship  that  Found  Itself"  best  visuaHzes 
this  rapid  transformation  in  the  77th  Division. 

PHASE  VI. — September  26,  1918-October  15,  1918.     A  problem  is  presented  for  the  Division 

[8] 


for  which  only  its  rapid  development  in  the  preceding  phase  could  properly  fit  it.  Into  the  Battle 
of  the  Argonne  Forest,  commencing  on  September  26, 1918,  and  lasting  until  October  16,  1918,  the 
77th  Division  was  flung.  During  these  20  days,  the  entire  forest  was  cleared  of  the  enemy,  the 
river  Aire  flowing  along  the  northern  boundary  had  been  crossed,  the  important  towns  of  Clrand-Pre 
and  St.  Juvin  captured,  and  the  line  firmly  established  north  of  these  towns.  It  was  a  feat  over 
which  any  veteran  troops  might  well  feel  proud;  twice  did  the  Corps  Commander  officially  con- 
gratulate the  Division  Commander  upon  his  magnificent  work,  and  when  all  was  over,  the  tired 
troops  were  grateful  for  the  great  good  fortune  which  had  given  them  a  General  whose  powerful 
personality  had  literally  carried  them  forward  through  22  kilometers  of  black  forests  and  across 
a  river  valley  of  marsh  and  mud. 

PHASE  VII.— November  1,  1918-November  11,  1918.  The  Division  at  this  stage  advanced 
from  the  Aire  to  the  Meuse,  a  distance  of  37  kilometers  in  10  days.  When  the  hour  of  11  on  No- 
vember 11,  1918,  checked  the  advance,  and  the  thunder  of  countless  guns  had  become  silent  after 
four  years  of  ceaseless  activity,  the  left  flank  of  the  77th  Division  rested  on  the  heights  less  than  2 
kilometers  east  and  southeast  of  the  famous  battle  ground  of  Sedan,  with  their  advance  out-post 
across  the  Meuse  on  its  eastern  bank.  Official  records  show  no  American  Division  nearer  the  Ger- 
man frontier  than  the  front  line  of  the  77th  Division. 

The  last  gun  had  been  fired  and  once  more  peace  was  to  reign  throughout  the  civilized  world. 
The  polyglot  Division,  recruited  from  all  races  and  creeds,  which  New  York  City  takes  to  her  bosom 
and  moulds  into  Americans,  had  been  a  contributing  factor  in  the  magnificent  triumph.  There 
was  a  characteristic  change  throughout  all  ranks.  The  stamp  of  a  man  was  on  each  tired  and 
weather-beaten  face,  and  within  the  hearts  of  all  there  was  the  proud  consciousness  that  to  them 
had  been  entrusted  a  sacred  task  and  in  its  accompUshment  they  had  acquitted  themselves  well. 
The  achievements  on  the  battlefields  of  France  by  the  77th  Division  from  New  York  City  are  set 
forth  in  the  following  pages. 


NEW  YORK'S  OWN 

A  clerk  removed  his  well-worn  hat. 
From  the  rack  on  the  office  hall; 
An  artist  laid  his  brushes  by, 
And  a  mason  left  his  maul; 
The  iceman  quit  his  clanking  tongs. 
And  the  mailman  ceased  his  rounds; 
While  a  millionaire's  son  jacked  up  his  car, 
And  locked  his  country  grounds. 

So  Paddy  Ryan  and  Percival  Nail 
Left  side  by  side  for  their  tough  travail ; 
In  every  alley-way  and  street, 
The  terrible  tread  of  marching  feet 
Forewarned  the  Hun,  with  ominous  ring. 
That  "New  York's  Own"  were  marshalling 
Their  rainbow  hosts  for  battle-tasks. 
And  when  the  wide  world  idly  asks, 
"Where  are  the  men  who  did  not  fail.^" 
They're  Paddy  Ryan  and  Percival  Nail! 


[9 


RESPONSE        [OF         NEW         YORK'S         OWN 


10 


PHASE  I 

Camp  Upton 

S  WITH  mortals,  places  '"oft  have  fame  Ihnisl  upon  them."     What  a  rude 
awakeninji;  it  must  have  been  to  the  complacent  inhabitants  of  ante-bellum 
\  aphank,  who  had  no  thought  other  than  gradually  to  drift  into  old  age  within 
the  cloistered  precincts  of  their  homes,  suddenly  to  find  their  town  blazoned 
on  every  lip  and  the  cynosure  of  many  eyes.     When  the  U.  S.  Government 
announced  that  the  training  camp  for  the  New  York  Division  of  the  National 
Army  was  to  be  located  at  Yaphank.  the  (}uestion  universally  asked  was: 
"Where  is  YaphankP" 
"On  Long  Island,"  the  worldly  replied. 
To-day  Long  Island  owes  its  prominence  not  to  the  fact  that  Yaphank 
is  located  within  its  geographical  confines  but  rather  that  it  is  the  island  upon  which  Yaphank 
is  situated. 

The  nascence  and  evolution  of  Camp  Upton  are  truly  remarkable.  Within  a  month,  the  seem- 
ingly impossible  was  entered  upon  and  accomplished,  the  construction  of  a  city  capable  of  housing 
thirty  thousand  with  the  modern  conveniences  of  electricity,  metalled  roads,  and  a  complete  water 
and  sewerage  system.  A  small  army  of  civilian  laborers  and  mechanics  successfully  combated  the 
fly  and  mosquito  and  soon  buildings  sprang  up,  not  "over  night"  but  in  the  space  of  several  hours. 
Each  building  was  constructed  in  sections  and  at  the  sound  of  a  whistle  forty  or  more  men  with  the 
aid  of  block  and  tackle  hoisted  the  sides  into  place,  hammers  flew,  men  scrambled  aloft,  and  the 
roof  was  on.  Then  came  the  plumbers  and  electricians  and  a  few  hours  saw  the  building  lighted 
and  water  running  in  the  kitchen  ready  for  occupancy.  It  was  a  triumph  of  efficiency  made  pos- 
sible by  the  modern  methods  of  construction,  system  and  cooperation. 

Camp  L  pton,  when  completed,  assumed  the  shape  of  a  huge  "l  "  formed  by  the  symmetrical 
rows  of  wooden  barracks  and  the  main  avenues  of  traffic.  In  the  center  of  the  "  I ', "  on  the  summit 
of  a  hill  rising  high  above  the  rest  of  the  camp,  was  located  Division  Headquarters — "monarch  of  all 
it  surveyed."  Headquarters  early  became  known  as  "The  Hill"  to  the  advance  guard  of  officers 
arriving  to  begin  their  duties.  Had  Bret  Harte  accompanied  that  advance  guard  he  might  have 
thought  himself  in  one  of  the  western  mining  camps  which  his  pen  has  immortalized. 

Alighting  from  the  train  he  would  have  met  fleets  of  motor  trucks  laden  with  building  materials, 
plowing  through  the  mud  trails  generously  designated  as  roads  by  huge  signs.  Wooden  shack.s 
of  every  description  gave  the  aspect  of  a  boom  town,  ('ivilian  guards,  singularly  reminiscent  of 
the  old  West — lean,  bronzed,  and  gaunt,  arrayed  in  broad-brimmed  hats,  grey  shirts,  and  corduroy 
breeches — rode  about  on  decrepit  mares  superintending  the  work.  They  "packed"  guns  in  true 
Western  fashion,  as  fights  and  disorders  were  not  uncommon  among  the  thousands  of  workmen. 
Everywhere  was  industry.  Carpenters,  plumbers,  laborers,  and  engineers  were  busily  occupied 
in  the  construction  of  the  Division's  future  Home. 

Early  as  the  officers  appeared  at  camp,  they  found  themselves  preceded  by  that  august  body, 
the  Military  Police,  one  of  whom  directed  them  to  "The  Hill."  where  they  reported  to  the  Com- 
manding (ieneral — J.  Franklin  Bell.  Each  officer  was  assigned  to  a  regiment  yet  unformed,  and 
for  the  first  time  they  heard  the  numbers  of  the  battalions  and  regiments  which  were  later  to  glo- 
riously inscribe  themselves  on  the  indelible  archives  of  history.  There  was  much  questioning  as 
to  what  the  30.5th  or  .'506th  Infantry  was,  w  ho  was  in  the  307th  or  ;50Hth,  and  who  commanded  the  304th 
Field  Artillery.     At  that  time  all  the  officers  of  the  Division  were  quartered  in  the  five  or  six  barracks 


11 


1  iew  of  Camp  L  plan 

then  standing.  A  mess  was  at  once  organized  and  its  running  assigned  to  an  officer  whose  only 
previous  experience  with  dispensing  food  had  been  as  the  host  at  a  dinner  party.  The  mess  was  but 
one  of  the  many  petty  hardships.  There  was  one  lone  pump  at  which  to  wash,  shared  in  common 
with  all  the  laborers  hving  in  the  vicinity.  The  roads  were  all  but  impassable  and  the  dust  as 
thick  as  on  a  drear  desert  in  the  midst  of  a  dry  season.  A  trip  across  camp  after  dark  was  a  con- 
siderable adventure  made  interesting  by  thousands  of  stumps  and  the  guards  of  the  15th  N.  Y. 
colored  regiment,  who  being  indistinguishable  from  the  darkness  had  you  at  a  considerable  dis- 
advantage when  they  were  at  the  delivering  end  of  a  bayonet.  The  acetylene  flares  illuminating 
the  various  offices  and  headquarters,  and  the  crowds  of  laborers  shuffiing  along  the  roads  lent  more 
mining  camp  atmosphere.  In  contrast  to  this,  a  month  later  when  camp  was  completed,  the  wooden 
barracks,  row  upon  row,  every  window  lighted,  resembled  a  vast  flotilla  of  wooden  arks  afloat  on  a 
dark  sea. 

A  few  days  at  camp  under  the  new  army  regime  taught  the  officers  that  although  the  camp  in 
appearance  might  have  some  semblance  to  a  mining  camp,  the  resemblance  to  a  beehive  was  more 
striking.  This  was  no  place  for  drones  they  discovered  after  the  Commanding  Officers  of  the 
various  units  had  outlined  their  plans.  Classes  were  immediately  organized  and  the  officers  put 
through  a  rigorous  schedule  to  msme  complete  familiarity  with  their  duties.  Tentative  companies 
formed,  messes  planned,  and  a  system  for  outfitting  the  future  personnel  formulated.  The  en- 
thusiasm of  the  officers  was  contagious  and  intense  rivalries  early  developed  between  the  various 
organizations — an  esprit  de  corps  arising  which  grew  and  grew,  spreading  from  the  officers  to  the  men 
until  a  statement  that  one  organization  was  better  than  another  was  certain  to  evoke  a  wordy  argu- 
ment. Pride  of  company  gave  way  to  regimental  pride  when  the  regiments  moved  to  the  areas 
to  which  they  were  assigned. 

Shortly  after  moving,  the  announcement  was  made  that  the  first  flraft  increment  would  arrive 
at  camp  on  the  10th  of  September.  Officers  were  detailed  to  New  York  City  to  conduct  the  men 
to  camp.  The  remainder  of  the  officers  and  the  non-commissioned  officers  (who  had  been  assigned 
to  each  regiment  from  the  Regular  Army)  busied  themselves  preparing  for  these  men.  Bed  sacks 
were  filled  with  straw,  each  bed  labelled  with  a  number,  the  kitchens  stocked  with  food,  mess  kits 


12 


and  blankets  sorted  for  issue,  and  classification  cards  prepared.     Enthusiasm  ran  high,  the  officers 
were  as  excited  as  a  young  girl  preparing  for  her  debut. 

"Is  there  plenty  of  beef.'*" 

"Have  the  beds  been  labelled?" 

"Who  is  attending  to  the  classification  cards?" 

Entirely  oblivious  of  the  furore  their  expected  arrival  was  creating  at  camp,  those  who  were 
to  have  the  honor  of  being  the  first  arrivals  at  Camp  Upton  had  bid  civilian  life  adieu  (many  of 
them  "good-bye")  and  were  assembled  at  the  ferries  and  stations  of  New  York  and  Brooklyn.  Here 
each  increment  was  received  from  the  draft  officials  and  allotted  to  trains.  Many  of  the  boards 
carried  large,  highly  expressive  signs  directing  the  Kaiser  where  he  might  best  sojourn.  Musical 
instruments  of  all  sorts  were  brought  along  and  many  hip  pockets  bulged  suspiciously.  Midst 
much  bantering  to  and  from  the  crowd,  the  trains  pulled  out  accompanied  by  a  voluminous  cheer 
from  the  assembled  relatives  and  friends.  On  the  train  the  officers  called  the  roll  to  see  that  every- 
one was  present  and  were  given  an  excellent  opportunity  to  judge  the  men  who  were  to  form  the 
nucleus  of  the  77th  Division.  They  were  a  motley  crew:  some  had  donned  their  best  suits  for  the 
occasion,  but  the  majority  wore  their  oldest  clothes — sensibly  too,  for  early  Tpton  paid  no  regard  to 
clothes.  One  former  Marine  appeared  in  his  dress  uniform  with  an  Expert  Rifleman's  Medal  on 
his  breast.  Every  type  was  represented — the  gunman  and  the  gangster,  the  student  and  the  clerk, 
the  laborer  and  the  loafer,  the  daily  plodder,  the  lawyer.  They  could  be  divided  into  two  large 
classes — the  man  of  muscle  and  the  man  of  brain.  From  the  variety  of  languages  spoken  one  might 
have  imagined  himself  at  the  Tower  of  Babel.  These  divers  types,  accustomed  to  every  condition 
of  life,  knowing  for  the  most  part  no  master,  were  to  bow  down  before  the  military  tiod,  Aiilhorily, 
and  emerge  from  the  melting  pot  of  training,  an  amalgamated  mass  of  clear-thinking,  clean-living 
men  of  whom  America  might  well  be  proud. 

Although  the  men  might  not  have  been  aware  that  they  were  being  judged,  certain  it  was  the 
recruits  were  sizing  up  the  officers  and  forming  their  opinions.  The  average  civilian's  idea — before 
the  war — of  an  officer  was  a  brutal,  bestial  sort  of  person  who  gave  orders,  disobedience  of  which 
meant  dire  punishment  for  the  miscreant.  He  was  harsh,  severe,  unjust,  and  unfeeling — a  Prussian. 
How  these  ideas  changed,  best  may  be  expressed  in  the  words  of  one  man  referring  to  a  group  of 
officers  passing  down  the  aisle:     "Say,  they're  regular  guys." 

As  is  the  way  with  Long  Island  trains,  they  finally  bore  the  contingent  to  camp,  the  men  were 
assembled  at  the  station,  somehow  formiHl  in  two  ranks  and  marched  ofl'.  What  an  odd  procession! 
Each  man  carried  some  sort  of  a  bundle  and  many  wore  badges  announcing  the  board  from  which 
they  came.  Proceeding  slowly,  for  the  men  were  unused  to  marching,  they  were  able  to  form  im- 
pressions of  each  new  aspect  of  camp  as  it  appeared  before  them.  Their  thoughts,  whether  of 
disappointment  or  of  relief,  might  be  summarized  in  one  terse  phrase,  "So  this  is  Yaphank. "  (The 
popular  conception  of  the  camp  was  at  first  embodied  in  the  name  Yaphank,  but  as  more  and  more 
soldiers  made  their  influence  felt  in  the  metropolis,  the  euphonious  name  Yaphank  was  dropped 
for  the  mifitary  and  more  dignified  appellation — Camp  Upton.)  Arriving  at  the  barracks  designated, 
the  men  were  turned  over  to  the  receiving  officers  who  checked  each  individual,  issued  him  a  mess 
kit  and  blankets,  and  assigned  him  to  a  numbered  bunk  where  he  was  instructed  to  remain  as  the 
numbers  were  the  only  way  of  telling  who  was  who. 

The  first  experience  with  mess  dispelled  another  notion — army  "chow"  wasn't  so  bad  after  all. 
The  men  at  Upton  were  well  fed  and  there  were  very  few  complaints  about  the  quality  or  quantity 
of  the  food.  After  mess  began  the  arduous  task  of  collecting  each  man's  history  (former  occu- 
pation, home  address,  relatives,  special  ability,  languages  spoken,  etc.),  as  a  guide  for  assignment 
to  the  arm  of  the  service  for  which  he  seemed  best  adapted.  Much  difficulty  was  encountered  be- 
cause many  men  could  not  speak  English  and  interpreters  became  popular.  For  several  days  the 
officers  were  in  a  quandary  because  there  was  one  man  whose  language  no  one  could  speak.  Finally 
his  English-speaking  brother  arrived  and  all  was  well.  A  "Who's  Who"  of  Early  Upton  would 
probably  be  the  most  cosmopolitan  compendium  ever  compiled,  containing  as  it  would  represen- 
tatives of  every  nationality  and  status  of  life. 

Scarcely  anyone  slept  the  first  night  on  account  of  the  new  life's  novelty.  As  soon  as  the  men 
obtained  a  taste  of  a  hard  day's  work,  little  trouble  was  found  in  slee])ing.     The  first  days  of  camp 

[13] 


Catnj)    L  ploii    in    W  irilir 

were  devoted  to  medical  inspections,  recordiuir  the  men  at  the  mustering  office,  inoculating  and 
vaccinating  them  against  typhoid  and  diphtheria,  with  the  much-dreaded  ■'needle."  and  to  clearing 
away  the  tlebris  surrounding  the  recently  completed  barracks.  Within  a  week  the  recruits  were 
started  on  the  rudiments  of  drill ;  military  discipline  and  courtesy  were  impressed ;  guard  duty  was 
established,  and  physical  exercises  began  the  work  of  hardening.  Then  uniforms  were  issued,  and 
later,  rifles.  The  various  regiments  with  their  small  quotas  were  soon  operating  smootiily.  The 
infantry,  equipped  with  rifles,  made  splendid  progress,  arousing  the  envy  of  the  artillery,  who  pos- 
sessed no  equipment  save  picks  and  shovels  and  wooden  horses  on  which  were  taught  the  funda- 
mentals of  equitation  and  cannoneering.  The  302d  Engineers,  later  to  win  fame  abroad,  found  no 
difficulty  in  securing  work,  and  many  of  the  roads  and  much  construction  work  remain  as  monu- 
ments to  their  efficiency.  The  Quartermaster  and  Ordnance  Departments  were  occupied  in  order- 
ing, securing  and  issuing  equipment.  The  Medical  Corps  was  kept  busy  inoculating.  Each  arm 
had  its  work  allotted  and  it  became  the  task  of  Di\  isit)n  Headquarters  to  coordinate  this  work,  so 
the  Division  operated  as  a  unit,  ^^'oe  to  the  officer  who  ran  counter  to  its  orders.  "The  Hill" 
became  the  '"Sanctum  Sanctorum"  and  he  who  was  summoned  thither  emerged  a  sadder  and  a 
wiser  man. 

The  constructive  work  was  not  conlined  to  building  up  individuals.  While  the  task  of  training 
progressed,  construction  kept  pace,  the  barracks  were  completed,  and  the  auditorium  and  other 
places  of  amusement  sprang  up.  Nt)w  one  obtained  an  impression  of  the  vastness  of  the  place,  and 
realizing  that  there  were  scores  of  similar  camps  throughout  the  country,  was  able  to  visualize  the 
stupendous  task  of  raising  and  training  an  effective  fighting  force.  Civilization  had  altered.  Where- 
as thousands  formerly  decided  the  destiny  of  nations,  millions  were  needed  now.  And  with  the 
change  in  civilization  the  camp-followers  of  yore,  the  harlot,  the  beggar,  the  thief,  had  disappeared. 
In  their  stead  rose  those  praiseworthy  institutions  which  have  played  such  a  great  part  in  alle- 
viating the  hardshij)s  of  the  soldier — The  Red  Cross,  the  Salvation  Army,  the  Knights  of  Columbus. 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  and  other  organizations.  I\obly  supported  by  the  public,  they  spent  lavishly. 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  huts  for  each  regiment,  and  an  auditorium  seating  three  thousand  were  erected.  The 
Knights  of  Columbus  built  a  recreation  Hall  and  Chapel.     Through  the  generosity  of  a  group  of 


14 


Long  Island  women,  luxurious  Hostess  houses  were  presented  to  the  officers  and  men.  Later,  an 
Officers'  Club,  a  non-sectarian  church,  a  theater  and  library  were  added.  With  its  miles  of  bar- 
racks, its  stables  and  garages,  offices,  warehouses,  railroad  station,  laundry,  filtration  plant,  huge 
hospital  center,  and  places  of  amusement,  Camp  Upton  might  well  have  been  the  realization  of 
some  idealist's  I  topian  dream. 

A  visitor  to  camp  in  mid-October  would  have  been  astonished  and  impressed  by  the  trans- 
formation which  had  been  accomplished  in  a  month's  time.  0  tempora,  0  mores, — could  it  be  pos- 
sible that  these  men  marching  across  the  parade  ground  in  almost  perfect  line,  every  man  in  step, 
were  the  same  men  who  arrived  in  camp  a  month  before.'^  Those  flushed  faces,  that  erect  carriage, 
squared  shoulders,  and  upright  heads — could  it  be  possible  that  they  were  the  same  men?  It  could 
be  and  was  possible.  That  nondescript  band  which  arrived  in  camp  in  early  September  had  been 
converted  into  soldiers  in  the  course  of  a  month.  They  spoke  for  themselves  as  to  the  efficiency 
of  the  military  regime.  The  precision  and  facility  with  which  they  executed  their  drills  reflected 
credit  upon  themselves  and  their  officers.  Really  just  completing  the  initial  stages  of  army  training, 
they  already  regarded  themselves  as  veterans.  Large  batches  of  new  men  poured  into  camp  daily 
and  were  regarded  with  disdain  by  the  "  veterans, "  who  saw  in  them  a  mirror  of  themselves.  When- 
ever the  '"rookies"  were  about  the  "veterans"  saluted  punctiliously  and  added  a  bit  of  swagger 
to  their  walk.  They  spoke  of  K.  P.s,  chow,  reveille,  close  order,  and  fatigue  with  a  fluency  and 
nonchalance  which  bespoke  long  acquaintance  rather  than  a  few  weeks.  The  "rookies"  were  duly 
impressed  at  first,  but  it  was  not  long  before  they  were  fused  into  the  melting  pot.  Yet  for  a  long 
time  they  were  compelled  to  listen  to  the  "veterans'  "  tales  of  the  "good  old  days  of  early  Upton. " 

With  companies  operating  at  somewhere  near  full  strength  the  goal  of  attainment  appeaired 
more  clearly  on  the  horizon.  Prospective  non-commissioned  officers  came  to  the  fore,  and  com- 
panies vied  with  each  other  in  correctness  of  drill  and  appearance.  November  saw  the  camp  opera- 
ting with  the  facility  of  an  oiled  machine.  Orders  flooded  the  Company  Commanders,  keeping 
them  struggUng  until  late  hours.  Eight  hours  a  day  were  devoted  to  drills,  given  added  interest 
by  the  presence  of  British  and  French  instructors  who  injected  a  beUicose  spirit  into  the  work.  In 
addition  to  eight  hours  spent  with  the  troops,  officers  were  compelled  to  hold  classes  for  non-com- 
missioned officers  and  to  attend  lectures  in  the  evenings.  They  worked  from  six  in  the  morning 
until  midnight  and  many  who  had  deemed  an  officer's  life  one  of  ease  decided  that  perhaps  the 
"buck"  private  was  not  so  badly  off  after  all. 

During  the  early  days  of  camp,  Saturday  afternoon  saw  a  mad  scramble  for  the  first  train  to 
New  York.  The  work  of  the  week  finished  it  was  the  desire  of  everyone  to  get  away.  The  anti- 
quated wooden  cars  en  vogue  several  decades  back,  capable  of  accommodating  forty  people  comfort- 
ably, carried  twice  that  number  inside  and  out.  At  first  there  was  no  schedule.  A  schedule  would 
have  been  superfluous,  for  a  train  departed  when  loaded  and  ai-rived  in  New  York  sometime  during 
the  day.  Purchase  of  theater  tickets  in  advance  was  considerable  of  a  gamble — you  might  arrive  in 
time  for  the  matinee,  but  more  likely  for  the  finale  of  the  evening  performance.  However,  with  the 
addition  of  several  thousand  new  men  to  camp,  the  Military  Police  took  hold  of  the  situation,  evolv- 
ing order  out  of  chaos.  A  repetition  of  the  lamentable  accident  of  September  was  not  to  be  feared. 
Gates  were  erected  and  only  those  holding  passes  could  get  by  the  vigilant  M.  P.s.  Trains  ran 
on  schedule  and  the  trip  to  New  York  became  less  of  a  venture.  Returning  from  New  York,  the 
trains  departed  at  frequent  intervals,  a  certain  percentage  of  men  being  permitted  on  each  train. 
The  last  train,  leaving  New  York  at  2:59  A.  M.  and  arriving  at  camp  in  bare  time  for  the  passengers 
to  attend  reveille,  became  famous  as  the  "Owl." 

The  week-end  passes  not  only  afforded  relaxation  to  the  men  after  the  arduous  routine  duties 
of  the  week,  but  also  gave  New  York  an  excellent  opportunity  to  see  and  judge  its  sons  who  had 
been  transformed  into  soldiers — not  nominally  but  in  reality.  Those  above  the  draft  age  who 
"wished"  that  they  "could  be  with  you  boys"  regarded  the  men  from  Upton  with  growing  envy. 
With  uniforms  neatly  pressed  and  shoes  shined  to  the  Nth  degree,  they  presented  a  very  creditable  ap- 
pearance, the  habits  of  personal  cleanliness  speaking  for  their  training.  They  spoke  of  civilians  with 
contempt  and  eagerly  recounted  their  experiences  to  their  proud  families.  They  were  in  evidence 
everywhere,  eliciting  praises  from  proud  Gotham.  Especially  noticeable  were  the  newly  appointed 
non-commissioned  officers,  who  swaggered  about  the  city  with  a  great  swinging  of  arms,  the  better 

[15] 


The  7  7  III  Ready  for  Overseas  Service 

to  show  off  their  new  chevrons.  One  couldn't  blame  them  for  the  pardonable  pride  they  exhibited 
when  first  introduced  as  Sergeant  or  Corporal.  The  non-commissioned  officers,  always  the  main- 
stay of  every  aimy,  surely  proved  their  worth  in  the  77th  Division,  a  few  months  later. 

With  just  as  much  pride  as  the  newly  appointed  non-conmiissioned  ofTicers,  but  perhaps  a 
trifle  more  self-conscious,  the  officers  from  the  Second  Training  Camps  arrived  at  I  pton  to  com- 
plete the  quota  of  officers  needed  to  fill  up  the  regiments.  Their  initiation  to  camp  was  not  under 
the  most  favorable  circumstances,  for  December  brought  snow  and  literally  transformed  the  camp 
into  a  sea  of  mud.  Despite  the  setback  to  the  training  on  account  of  the  inclement  weather,  drills 
were  carried  on  when  possible  supplemented  by  lectures  and  problems  indoors. 

The  Artillei  y  was  occupied  with  its  newly  acc[uired  horses.  The  Quartermasters  worked  over- 
time supplying  much  needed  winter  clothing  and  fuel.  When  transportation  was  lacking  the  men. 
themselves,  cut  the  wood  from  the  abundance  of  timber  surrounding  the  camp  and  drew  the  coal 
wagons  by  hand.  The  Engineers,  engaged  in  constructing  a  trench  system,  and  a  two  hundred 
target  rifle  range,  had  a  taste  of  what  a  winter  in  the  trenches  might  be  like.  The  INIedical  De- 
partment began  to  come  into  its  own.  Not  content  with  having  inoculated  everyone  in  camp  four 
or  five  times,  they  conducted  sanitai'y  inspections  of  the  barracks,  which  for  minuteness  made  a 
company  officer  inspecting  a  rifle  appear  a  mere  novice.  If  only  those  medicos  left  behind  in  the 
States  could  have  witnessed  sanitary  conditions  at  the  front.     Shades  of  Hippocrates! 

December  brought  a  slight  relaxation  in  the  Intensiveness  of  the  training.  The  Knights  of 
Columbus  and  the  Y.  M.  C.  \.  furnished  nightly  entertainment,  either  moving  pictures  or  local  talent, 
and  men  of  national  prominence  drew  large  audiences  to  the  auditorium.  The  regimental  bands  were 
rounding  into  shape  and  gave  very  creditable  concerts  after  drill  hours.  lOvery  week  end  brought 
thousands  of  friends  and  relatives  to  visit  the  soldiers.  They  arrived  by  train,  in  automobiles,  and 
even  in  trucks,  bringing  with  them  good  cheer  and  numerous  gifts.  The  men  saw  to  it  that  the 
visitors  enjoyed  a  full  day.  There  was  always  a  sight-seeing  tour,  including  a  view  from  the  ob- 
servation tower  on  Headquarters  Hill.  The  various  places  of  interest  were  pointed  out,  and  the 
technical  side  of  military  life  was  explained.  Each  company  generally  held  a  dance  in  its  bar- 
racks, and  the  sabbath  was  desecrated  by  lively  ragtime  airs.  With  the  weekly  influx  of  visitors 
and  the  attendant  good  times,  a  week-end  at  camp  was  far  from  being  a  punishment.  With  the 
advent  of  the  holidays,  the  entire  camp  was  granted  half-leave  for  Christmas,  and  half  for  New- 
Year.  A  huge  thirty-foot  Christmas  tree  resplendent  with  colored  electiic  lights  was  erected 
on  "The  Hill"  and  gifts  were  distributed  by  the  Red  Cross  to  those  who  remained  in  camp. 

As  an  antidote  for  the  holidays,  work  was  speeded  up  in  January.     The  rifle  range  completed. 


16 


the  men  were  initiated  into  the  mysteries  of  the  rifle.  Every  day  saw  the  range  crowded  and  despite 
adverse  conditions  of  mud  and  cold,  the  majority  made  surprisingly  good  scores.  The  firing  was  done 
from  trenches  in  the  standing,  kneeling,  and  prone  positions,  at  stationary  and  disappearing  tar- 
gets and  the  men  soon  learned  not  to  flinch  and  how  best  to  get  off  ten  to  fifteen  shots  a  minute 
with  the  maximum  efl'ect.  Here  were  learned  the  lessons  which  were  put  to  such  excellent  advan- 
tage months  later  in  actual  combat.  The  results  confirmed  the  late  Colonel  Roosevelt's  statement 
that  the  American  youth  is  a  born  shot.  The  artillery,  proud  of  its  possession  of  a  battery  of  three- 
inch  guns,  blazed  away  on  the  15, 000  yard  range  "somewhere  in  the  wilderness"  surrounding  camp. 
Manoeuvers  were  held  daily,  and  mimic  battles  waged  in  the  new  trench  system  which  the  Engi- 
neers had  constructed.  Some  days  it  seemed  Uke  real  warfare,  with  the  huge  tank,  brought  from 
England,  lumbering  over  "No-Man's  Land,"  machine  guns  in  emplacements,  and  the  infantry  going 
" over-the-top, "  their  bayonets  flashing  in  the  winter  sun.  The  men  began  to  realize  what  modern 
warfare  meant  and  talked  intelligently  of  "zero  hour,"  "parapets,"  "communication  trenches," 
and  other  technical  terms  which  a  few  months  previous  were  as  a  closed  book. 

February  brought  no  let-up  in  the  work  but  more  lassitude  was  permitted  for  recreation.  Each 
organization  was  allowed  to  hold  a  theater  party  in  New  York  and  the  308th  Infantry  scored  a 
triumph  with  a  parade  down  Fifth  Ave.  on  the  fourth  of  February,  preceded  by  a  show  and  a  pre- 
sentation of  colors  at  the  New  York  Hippodrome.  This  regiment  was  the  llrst  National  Army 
unit  to  receive  its  colors  and  to  parade  before  the  people  of  New  York.  On  Washington's  Birthday 
the  entire  Division  paraded  before  assembled  (iotham.  A  light  snow  fell  which,  alighting  on  the 
drab  uniforms,  formed  a  striking  contrast  to  the  healthy  faces  of  the  men.  The  precision  and 
unison  with  which  the  Division  marched  called  for  cheer  upon  cheer  from  the  thousands  gathered 
along  the  route  of  march.  At  the  Public  Library  the  Division  was  reviewed  by  the  Secretary  of 
the  Navy.  What  a  glow  of  pride  the  men  felt  as  they  realized  that  they  were  no  longer  spectators 
but  the  actual  participants  in  the  great  war  game  in  which  they  were  to  play  such  a  stellar  role. 
New  York,  generally  so  sparing  with  its  praise,  gave  way  to  unbounded  enthusiasm  which  seemed 
to  be  a  unanimous  sanction  of  the  manner  in  which  its  sons  had  been  transformed.  What  a  contrast 
to  the  motley  bands  which  had  left  for  camp  the  previous  September.  Washington's  Birthday 
marks  the  day  when  New  York  realized  that  the  77th  Division  had  risen  to  the  side  of  its  sister 
division,  the  27th,  but  while  the  latter  organization  was  mothered  by  the  State,  the  77th  was  New  York 
City's  own,  and  from  that  day  hence  the  Division  has  proudly  borne  the  title  of  "  New  York's  Own. " 

With  the  advent  of  blustery  March  came  ever  increasing  and  persistent  rumors  of  sailing  for 
France.  And  there  was  evidence  in  abundance  to  bear  out  the  usuaUy  fickle  Dame  Rumor — equip- 
ment of  every  sort  began  to  arrive  in  unprecedented  quantities.  Each  piece  had  to  be  stamped 
and  stenciled  with  the  name  and  mumber  of  the  organization  to  which  it  belonged.  It  was  an  easy 
task  to  obtain  a  superfluity  of  eager  volunteers  to  speed  the  work  of  preparation.  Soon  the  neat, 
orderly  barracks  of  the  past  assumed  the  aspect  of  warehouses.  Boxes  were  constructed  and 
pDed  along  the  walls,  each  bearing  besides  the  name  of  the  organization  and  the  speculative  desti- 
nation— A.  E.  F.,  the  new  Division  insignia,  the  Statue  of  Liberty.  There  was  row  upon  row  of 
clothing  assorted  into  sizes,  revolvers,  tents,  saddles,  harness,  canteens,  belts,  and  the  thousand 
and  one  accoutrements  which  are  necessary  adjuncts  to  the  fighting  man.  It  was  universally 
conceded  that  Uncle  Sam  was  generous — there  had  been  plenty  of  work,  an  abundance  of  drill, 
sufficient  food  and  now  there  seemed  to  be  a  superabundance  of  equipment.  The  Government 
was  generous  to  its  enlisted  personnel,  but  to  the  oflicers — no.  They  received  a  forbidding  list  of 
necessities  wliich  they  themselves  were  compelled  to  purchase  and  many  a  bank  account  was  taxed 
to  the  limit  and  many  a  note  taken  for  those  "necessities"  later  to  be  thrown  away  or  uselessly 
stored  in  some  wai-ehouse  in  France. 

After  the  middle  of  the  month  everyone  realized  that  the  day  of  departure  was  imminent  and 
the  joyous  days  of  Upton  were  soon  to  fade  into  memories.  Major-General  Bell  was  relieved  from 
command  on  account  of  physical  disability  shortly  after  his  return  from  France  and  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Brigadier-General  Evan  M.  Johnson,  up  to  this  time  the  Commander  of  the  151th  In- 
fantry Brigade.  Carrying  out  the  liberal  policy  of  his  predecessor.  General  Johnson  granted  passes 
to  everyone  desiring  to  visit  their  families.  Tearful  relatives  and  friends  flooded  camp  for  a  fare- 
well talk  with  their  soldier  boy,  only  to  be  told  by  that  person,  in  very  confident  and  calm  tones, 

[17] 


not  at  all  indicative  of  the  emotions  that  were  surging  withinhim,  that  the  Division  would  not 
leave  for  monlhs.  They  were  comforted  and  went  away  appeased — which  was  best.  But  the 
soldier  knew,  and  to  cover  the  sadness  he  felt  at  the  proximity  of  parting  from  his  loved  ones  gave 
way  to  his  pent-up  emotions  by  riotous  parades,  bonfires,  and  a  great  banging  of  kitchen  utensils. 
Everyone  joined  in  the  celebrations  with  a  vim  which  was  indicative  of  the  spirit  in  which  the 
Division  later  went  up  against  and  so  ably  helped  to  defeat  the  Boche. 


18 


PHASE  II 

Training  in  France 


INFANTRY 

[OR  weeks  rumors  ran  rampant.  The  Division  was  to  sail  on  the  10th;  on  the 
U)th;  it  was  not  to  sail  at  all.  The  10th  came  and  went,  as  did  the  16th,  and 
the  men  were  fast  becoming  disgusted,  referring  to  themselves  as  a  depot 
division,  when  in  the  early  morning  of  March  27,  Camp  Upton  awoke  to  the 
blare  of  spirited  music  and  saw  the  first  contingent  march  out  of  camp  for  for- 
eign service.  How  proud  they  were,  how  well  they  marched,  how  serious 
their  faces.  Those  left  behind  experienced  a  peculiar  chill,  and  many  a  manly 
tear  was  brushed  aside. 

The  following  two  weeks  saw  busy  Camp  I'pton  transformed  into  a 
deserted  village — the  77th  had  left.  Although  the  departure  of  the  Division  had  been  kept  secret. 
New  York  seemed  to  know  intuitively  that  her  Division  was  on  its  way.  The  office  buildings  were 
alive  with  waving  hand- 
kerchiefs and  thousands  of 
whistles  sounded  their  blatant 
greetings.  The  boat  pro- 
ceeded slowly,  almost  reluc- 
tantly, it  seemed;  the  faces 
in  the  windows  blurred  and 
the  Statue  of  Liberty  was  left 
behind.  What  could  be  a  more 
fortuitous  omen  than  the  Di- 
vision's own  emblem  smiUng  a 
"bon  chance"  as  the  Division 
sailed  out  to  sea  during  the 
latter  days  of  March  and  the 
first  of  April.  Those  days 
marked  the  beginning  of  a 
series  of  adventures,  inter- 
esting, humorous,  tragic,  for 
which  the  doughboy  says, 
"he'd  not  take  a  million,  nor  give  a  nickel  to  repeat." 

In  two  days  the  rolling  of  the  boat  had  ceased  to  be  a  novelty,  and  those  more  vivid  imagina- 
tions who  were  complaining  of  the  roughness  of  the  sea  awoke  to  find  themselves  in  calm  Halifax 
harbor.  During  the  day,  the  remainder  of  the  convoy  arrived,  and  shortly  beJVire  sunset,  nine 
ships  in  line  st<^amed  out  of  the  harbor  led  by  a  United  States  cruiser.  A,-jK?ver-to-t)e-iorgotteri^ 
sight — the  quaint  city  of  Halifax  partly  razed  by  the  explosion  of  a  few  liionths  previous  and  the 
vessels  at  anchor  forming  a  lane  4hrough  which  the  convoy  passed.  Abreast  of  a  British  battle- 
ship a  band  struck  up  "Over  There"  and  "The  Star  Spargled  Panner. "  Further  along  a  United 
States  Marine  band  burst  into  "There'll  Be  a  Hot  Time  in  the  Old  Town  To-night"  with  charac- 
teristic Yankee  vim.  The  faces  of  the  men  were  Hushed  and  a  new  light  gleamed  in  their  eyes,  for 
they  had  found  pride — pride  of  country  and  of  self. 


First  Cunlingeiil  Embarked  for 
Foreiijn  Serrice 


19 


The  voyage  from  Halifax  to  England  was  uneventful.  The  food  and  quarters  were  not  all 
that  was  to  be  desired,  bul  the  Division  had  been  paid  just  before  embarking,  and  an  American 
soldier  with  money  is  daunted  by  nothing.  There  existed  a  proper  awe  of  the  German  submarine, 
but  as  is  generally  the  ease,  anticipation  exceeded  realization  and  submarines  were  rare.  They 
accompUshed  nothing  save  to  serve  as  a  diversion  to  an  otherwise  monotonous  trip.  Fourteen 
days  on  water  is  a  long  time,  and  the  shores  of  Ireland  were  a  welcome  relief.  The  sons  of  Erin 
were  much  in  evidence  the  morning  Ireland  was  sighted,  and  loud  in  praise  of  their  former  home. 
Two  hours  later  the  cliffs  of  Wales  loomed  up,  the  guardian  destroyers  dropped  otf.  and  anchor 
was  lowered  in  Liverpool  haibor.  True  to  form,  an  Enghsh  mist  obscured  most  of  the  landscape, 
but  the  neat,  symmetrical  rows  of  dwellings  and  the  vivid  green  lawns  were  visible. 

Morning  found  the  Division  on  foreign  soil.  What  a  relief  to  stamp  upon  good  old  terra  firma 
again!  The  precious  barrack-bags  being  unloaded,  companies  were  formed  and  marched  ofF  to 
waiting  trains. 

"Gawd  bUmme  but  these  bloomin"  Yanks  can  march."  an  admiring  cockney  sang  out.  uncon- 
sciously furnishing  a  blunt  tribute  to  their  training.  The  sight  of  the  English  compartment  trains 
evoked  many  humorous  remarks,  but  the  humor  ceased  when  the  men  found  the  compartments 
heatless  and  lightless.     Whither  were  they  bound .^     The  Colonel's  orderly  was  positive  that  it  was 

Scotland,  for  hadn't  he  heard ?     The  General's  cook  was  equally  emphatic  that  it  would  be 

Winchester,  and  the  word  of  one  who  ministers  to  the  gastronomic  wants  of  a  Cieneral  should  be 
given  some  weight.  Dame  Rumor  was  as  usual  at  work.  Rumors  were  given  birth  behind  the 
locomotive  and  flew  through  the  various  cars.  The  possibiUties  were  weighed  pro  and  con,  and 
the  consensus  seemed  to  be  that  the  Division  would  remain  in  England  for  several  weeks'  training. 
As  events  unfolded,  the  only  acquaintance  with  England  was  obtained  by  fleeting  glances  from  a 
fast-moving  train  on  a  rapidly  darkening  day. 

During  the  wee  sma'  hours  the  train  pulled  into  darkened  Dover,  and  the  pound  of  marching 
feet  on  the  hard  pavement  had  a  sepidchral  ring.  From  the  appearance  of  the  low  rambling  houses 
silhouetted  against  the  sky  and  the  narrow  crooked  streets,  one  almost  expected  to  see  Oliver  Twi.st 
saunter  out  of  a  doorway  and  bid  the  Division  welcome.  Out  of  the  town  the  route  led  to  a  barracks 
where  the  men  were  quartered  for  the  night.  The  sun  shone  brightly  the  next  day,  and  the  panorama 
of  the  picturesque  city  and  harbor  lying  beneath  the  chalk  cliffs  gladdened  the  heart.  The  rumors 
of  yesterday  were  tlu'own  into  the  discard,  and  singing  joyously  the  men  boarded  the  speedy 
little  craft  which  was  to  carry  them  across  the  Channel.  The  famous  Channel  was  ever\-  bit  as  rough 
as  reputed,  but  the  roughness  was  forgotten  in  the  eagerness  to  catch  a  first  glimpse  of  France. 
Soon  the  sandy  shores  of  Calais  came  into  view — the  red-tiled  roofs,  the  sparkling  sand,  and  the 
verdant  water  forming  a  delightful  picture.     "Suimy  France"  was  the  thought  in  every  mind. 

The  Division  was  in  France  at  last,  gazing  in  awe  at  the  multi-colored  uniforms  which  pre- 
dominated. Every  AUied  nationality  was  represented.  French,  Scotch.  Belgian,  English.  Moroccan. 
Canadian,  Algerian.  Austrahan,  Italian,  Serbian,  New  Zealand;  even  the  Chinese  coohes  who  work 
behind  the  hues  wore  a  heterogeneous  sort  of  uniform.  The  men  of  the  Division  were  just  as  much 
objects  of  interest,  for  very  few  American  soldiers  had  been  in  the  north  of  France.  Marching 
from  the  dock  through  the  city,  it  became  apparent  that  this  was  part  of  the  theater  of  war.  though 
far  from  the  firing  hne.  The  square  was  obstructed  by  the  ruins  of  several  buildings  which  had  been 
bombed  by  Boche  aviators  a  few  nights  before.  First  impressions  are  lasting,  and  although  the 
Division  subsequently  has  been  bombed  times  innumerable,  and  has  been  in  town  after  town  whero 
Boche  airmen  "have  divided  their  old  iron  among  the  populace."  the  sight  of  those  destroyed 
buildings  will  remain  paramount.  Here  at  last  was  war — destruction  of  property  and  life.  Here, 
three  thousand  miles  from  home,  men,  many  of  whom  had  never  wandered  more  than  five  kilo- 
meters from  Broadwpv  and  42d  Street,  in  the  nexi:  half  year  were  to  make  history  w-hich  even  pos- 
terity cannot  efface. 

The  joyous  news  was  pi<ssed  that  the  Division  was  to  g"  ts  n  Rest  Camp  on  the  outskirts  of 
Calais.  After  fourteen  days  at  sch  and  a  briei"  experience  with  English  Hooverism,  the  prospect  of 
a  sojourn  at  a  Red  Camp  loomed  large.  So  to  the  Rest  Camp  the  Division  hiked,  but  not  to  rest. 
No  sooner  were  the  packs  imslung  than  companies  were  formed  and  marched  back  to  Calais, 
where  the  treasured  Springfield  rifles  were  turned  in,  British  l-^nfields  being  i.ssued  in  exchange. 

[20  1 


"Why  Enfields?"  was  the  question  on  every  side. 

"The  Boche  has  broken  through,  and  the  77th  is  to  fill  the  gap,"  was  Rumor's  answer. 
The  rifles  exchanged,  the  blue  barrack-bags,  containing  two  complete  outfits  per  man,  were 
next  turned  in,  much  to  the  disgust  of  the  various  supply  sergeants  who  had  spent  weeks  of  pains- 
taking efl"ort  in  issuing  their  contents.  Back  to  the  Rest  Camp  for  ten  minutes'  rest,  followed  by 
a  hike  of  eight  long  kilos  to  draw  gas  masks  and  helmets;  eight  longer  kilos  back  to  camp;  an  over- 
crowded mess;  then  to  bed  on  a  hard  board  floor,  but  not  to  sleep — for  it  was  a  beautiful  moonlight 
night,  and  the  Boche  aviators  took  advantage  of  it  to  bomb  the  town.  Moral:  If  you  desire  to 
rest  avoid  all  Rest  Camps!! 

From  Calais  the  Division  entrained  for  the  vicinity  of  Eperlecques  (Pas  de-Calais),  where  it 
assembled  about  May  6,  1918,  for  a  month's  intensive  training  under  the  direction  of  the  British 
39th  Division.  Major-General  George  B.  Duncan  at  this  time  assumed  command  of  the  77th 
Division,  relieving  Brigadier-General  Evan  Johnson,  who  resumed  his  former  command  of  the 
154th  Infantry  Brigade.  Equipped  with  British  material,  further  training  of  the  Division  was  soon 
in  operation.  Light  Douglass  motorcycles  sped  from  p]perlecques  to  the  various  Regimental 
Headquarters.  Oflicers  who  had  never  ridden  before  learned  after  considerable  difficulty  to  post 
on  English  saddles,  while  those  to  whom  equestrian  feats  were  second  nature  came  into  their  own. 
Newly  painted  limbers,  glittering  with  the  Division  msignia,  made  their  daily  trip  to  the  ration 

dumps,  and  the  staff'  cars  made  their  rounds 
of  inspection.  Although  busily  preparing  for 
war,  war  seemed  very  remote.  Indeed,  were  it 
not  for  the  distant  booming  of  the  heavies, 
night  and  day,  as  reminders  that  hostiUties 
were  in  progress,  one  might  easily  have  imagined 
himself  in  the  environs  of  peace.  These  guns 
were  in  the  vicinity  of  Ypres  and  Kemmel 
Hill;  the  names  alone  were  aweing  at  the  time, 
and  the  noise  of  the  cannonading  conjured  up 
visions  which  were  later  either  dispelled  or 
realized.  Another  and  very  material  reminder 
of  war  were  the  nightly  visits  of  the  German 
aviators.  They  must  have  kncjwn  that  Amer- 
ica's First  National  Army  Division  was  in 
France,  and  realizing  what  a  potential  menace 
it  was,  attempted  to  cripple  it  by  dropping  a 
bomb  on  Division  Headquarters,  with  a  result  that  the  first  eight  casualties  from  enemy  fire  were 
inflicted. 

The  Division  being  under  the  tutelage  of  the  British,  certain  American  methods  with  which  all 

were  familiar  were  abandoned  for  British  methods.     "In  livo  rank'<,faU  in, Shun,"  "Smarlly," 

"On  the  Double."  were  strange  phrases  to  which  was  soon  added  a  new  one,  "Fed  Up."  It  was 
difficult  to  become  accustomed  to  the  new  order  and  many  an  argument  arose  between  the  "bloomin' 
Yanks"  and  the  veteran  British  N.  C.  O.'s  over  the  relative  merit  of  the  two  armies.  In  the  main, 
differences  were  generously  smothered,  and  the  men  absorbed  British  bayonet  drill  and  British 
combat  methods.  It  was  a  bit  more  difficult  to  absorb  the  British  ration.  Tea  and  jam  for  break- 
fast; jam,  tea  and  meat  for  dinner;  and  jam,  tea  and  cheese  for  supper  drew  a  thriving  business 
to  the  local  estaminets.  With  the  aid  of  pocket  dictionaries  and  ingenious  gestures  the  madame 
was  made  to  understand  that  the  famished  soldier  desired  beaucoup  oeufs.  pommes-de-terre,  and 
vin-rouge.  At  once  the  laws  of  economics  were  reversed,  prices  no  longer  depended  on  demand  and 
supply,  but  rose  steadily  with  the  knowledge  that  the  soldat  Americain  received  the  fabulous  sum 
of  .$1.10  per  diem,     ('.'est  la  guerre. 

The  practical  side  of  warfare  was  taughl  on  the  drill  field  and  on  manonners,  but  those  Uttle 
sideUghts  which  bring  the  "buck"  private  into  his  own  were  gleaned  at  mess  and  after  hours  from 
the  British  officers  and  men  who  had  participated  in  the  "big  shows"  for  the  past  ft)ur  years. 
Nothing  delighted  the  British  N.  C.  O.  more  than  to  recount  his  part  in  the  "bloody"  war.     Never 


21 


Absorbing  Brilinh  Bayoiwl  Drill 


were  such  harrowing  tales  told  and  never  was  there  a  more  skeptical  audience.  Soon  the  officers 
and  the  non-commissioned  oHicers  of  the  Division  received  an  opportunity  to  see  for  themselves 
those  things  about  whidi  they  had  heard  and  read.  Orders  were  received  to  send  small  groups  of 
officers  and  non-commissioned  officers  on  trips  to  the  front — '"Cook's  Tours."  They  went,  saw 
and  returned,  and  were  greeted  with  a  volley  of  questions  sufficient  to  tax  the  resources  of  a  Field 
Marshal.  These  nascent  veterans  seemed  to  have  been  most  impressed  by  the  vast  amount  of 
shelling.  I'sed  as  they  were  to  American  sports  and  games,  they  were  full  of  admiration  for  their 
British  cousins  who  regarded  war  as  a  huge  sport  and  went  to  it  Uke  big  game  hunters.     With  gas. 

too,  of  whose  deadly  effect  they  had  been 
warneti  for  months  previous,  they  were  duly 
impressed,  and  took  a  new  and  almost  maternal 
interest  in  their  gas  masks.  One  thing  more, 
no  matter  how  hot  the  battle,  or  how  adverse 
the  conditions,  the  war  must  not  be  permit- 
ted tf)  interfere  with  daily  tea  at  four.  To 
miss  tea  would  be  little  short  of  sacrilege,  and 
.)ne  who  did  not  demand  his  tea  must  surely 
he  just  over  from  ■"BUghty."  After  listening 
to  the  various  accounts  of  those  of  their  num- 
ber who  had  been  there,  the  men  decided  that 
the  "bloody  war"  was  not  so  bad  after  all — 
right-o. 

Toward  the  middle  of  May  a  rumor  gained 
credence  that  the  Division  was  to  go  into  the 
line.  Great  was  the  discussion  thereon.  "Good-bye,  Girls,  Tm  Through"  and  "I  Want  To  Go 
Home"  regained  popularity.  Contrary  to  experience,  an  order  substantiated  the  rumor — the 
Division  was  going  into  the  trenches.  Farewell  letters  were  written,  packs  made  up.  limbers 
loaded  with  rations  and  ammunition:  motorcycle  messengers  arrived  in  the  dead  of  the  night; 
staff  cars  flew  from  town  to  town;  the  time  of  departure  was  fixed,  and  the  153d  Brigade  was  on 
its  way.  The  1.54th  followed  a  few  days  later.  The  long,  weary  hike  to  the  trenches  was  counter- 
acted by  spirited  singing,  and  the  "au  revoirs" 
of  the  peasants  along  the  route  of  march. 
Late  afternoon  saw  the  Brigade  in  the  trenches, 
and  Division  Headquarters  established  in  an 
old  castle.  But  instead  of  a  devastated  ""No 
Man's  Land"  crops  flourished  and  complacent 
peasants  went  their  unmolested  way  in  front 
of  the  trenches — King  George's  trenches  twenty 
kilos  from  the  firing  line,  and  on  a  maniruver 
instead  of  opposed  to  the  Boche. 

The  men  may  or  may  not  have  been  dis- 
appointed at  the  turn  of  events.  .\t  any  rate 
they  carried  out  their  part  as  though  they 
were  really  under  the  eyes  of  Boche  observers, 
and  under  a  rain  of  shot  and  shell.  For  three 
days    the    Division     attacked     an    imaginary 

enemy;  was  driven  back  and  counterattacked:  patrols  were  sent  out  which  encountered  nothing 
more  hostile  than  a  frightened  calf:  reliefs  were  posted  and  "".stand-to"  observed;  kitchens  were 
lost  but  there  were  eggs  in  abundance;  altogether  it  was  a  hoii  war  while  it  lasted.  The  sole 
casualty  was  an  unthinking  lieutenant  who  spread  out  his  bedding  roll  near  a  picket  line,  and 
after  a  hard  day  went  wearily  to  sleep.  Dreaming  of  a  gas  attack  he  awoke  to  find  himself 
hurtling  through  the  air  and  landed  ten  feel  away  with  his  bedding  all  |)iled  on  toj)  of  him. 
One  of  the  horses  had  broken  away  from  the  picket  line  and  its  halter  chain  caught  in  the  lieu- 
tenant's bedding  roll,  upsetting  him.     The  mimic  war  proceeded,  despite  the  casualty.     British 


I    Reyinienlal  Headquarters  Eslahlished  at   W'atlen 


[22  1 


/  lie  Mimic  War  Proceeded 


and  American  staff  officers  advised  and  criticised,  bugle  sounded,  and  the  Battle  of  Watten  was 
at  an  end. 

Given  several  days  to  recuperate,  the  154th  Brigade  under  Brigadier-General  Johnson  entrained 
for  the  area  back  of  Arras  to  act  as  reserve  for  the  British  2d  and  42d  Divisions.     Although  the 
stay  there  was  unexciting,  not  so  the  trip  en  route.     Simultaneously  with  the  arrival  of  the  train  at 
Doullens,  the  Boche  airmen  came  over  in  force.     The  trains  were  halted  and  the  train  crew  executed 
a  hasty  retreat  to  dugouts,  leaving  the  Brigade  helpless  in  the  cars.     It  did  not  take  long  to  realize 
that  this  was  the  real  thing.     The  drone  of  the  hostile  planes  overhead  could  be  plainly  heard  as 
they  circled  about  apparently  trying  to  locate 
the  trains.      Searchlights    played    across    the 
sky,  the  planes  being   brilliantly  illuminated 
as  they  crossed  the  paths  of  light.     Machine 
guns  fired  from  all  sides  with  that  unmistak- 
able "tack-tack-tack";  "archies, "or  anti-air- 
craft guns,  barked  and  bombs  exploded  with 
terrific  reports,  altogether  too  near  and  too  fre- 
quently.    This  was  the  first  experience  in  a 
concentrated  air-raid  and  was  long  to  be  re- 
membered.    It  lasted  for  over  an  hour  and 
ceased  as  suddenly  as  it  began.     All  became 
quiet  and  the  trip  was  resumed. 

The  sojourn  back  of  Arras  included  fur- 
ther training  made  interesting  by  the  fact  that 
the   Division   was   in   reserve.     "Jerry"   fur- 
nished diversion  in  the  way  of  that  absorbing  pastime  which  the  official  communiques  refer  to 
as  "searching  the  back  areas."     The  German  long-range  guns   shelled  more  or  less  at  random, 
and  the  Boche  aviators  came  over  nightly.     A  night's  sleep  was  impossible,  and  a  new  French 
word,  "abri,"  was  added  to  the  vocabulary.     This  meant  "dugout." 

At  last,  after  weeks  of  hoping  and  endless  rumors,  the  153d  Brigade  had  completed  its  training 

in  the  north  of  France  and  en- 
trained the  same  date  as  the 
151th.  The  152d  Artillery 
Brigade,  which  had  been  train- 
ing at  Camp  Souge  in  southern 
France,  a  little  later  sped  north  - 
ward  to  rejoin  the  Division. 
The  men  made  the  most  of  the 
now  famous  Hommes-UO-Che- 
vaux  8.  as  comfort  was  of  little 
import  compared  to  a  real 
American  sector.  No  more 
marmalade  and  tea.  No  more 
"In  two  ranks,  fall  in!" 
Cheery-0 !  They  were  on  their 
way  to  good  old  Yankee  beef, 
bread  and  cigarettes,  Ameri- 
can Y.  M.  C.  A.'s,  American 
methods,  and — American  Com- 
rades. At  every  station  they 
were  greeted  by  Frenchwomen 
with  flowers,  hot  drinks  and 
cheerful  well-wishes.  The  middle  of  July  found  the  entire  Division  had  assembled  together 
for  the  fu-st  time  since  it  had  arrived  in  France,  and  had  taken  over  a  sector  in  Lorraine 
from  the  Bainbow  Division. 


A   Typical  BUM 


[23] 


24 


PHASE  II 

Training  in  France 


ARTILLERY 

HE  infantry  when  it  moved  from  Camp  Ipton  during  the  first  weeks  of  April 
left  behind  it  a  great  camp  area  and  a  despondent  brigade  of  ai'tillery.  A  few 
days  before  leaving  and  even  on  the  day  of  departure  requests  for  men  by 
hundreds  were  received  at  artillery  headquarters  to  complete  infantry  units. 
Infantry,  engineers  and  machine-gunners  had  gone  and  yet  no  orders 
came  for  the  artillery.  The  emptiness  of  the  streets  and  the  desertion  of  the 
barracks  on  the  days  following  were  no  consolation  for  those  who  felt  that  the 
war  would  surely  be  finished  before  they  arrived  overseas. 

Then  as  suddenly  as  had  been  the  depletion  came  new  arrivals,  big  sandy 
raw-boned  men  from  the  west  and  northwe.st.  The  atmosphere  became  more  cheerful  as  ship- 
ments of  equipment  marked,  "Rush,  for  l'i'2d  Briqade  Field  Artillery"  began  to  arrive  and  dejec- 
tion gave  way  to  suppressed  excitement. 

On  Sunday  night.  April  2Ist,  two  regiments,  the  304th  Field  Artillery,  the  306th  Field  Artillery, 
and  Brigade  Headquarters  followed  the  night  march  of  the  infantry  over  muddy  roads  to  a  darkened 
station.  By  daylight  all  trains  were  moving.  The  30.5th  Field  Artillery  and  the  302d  Trench 
Mortar  Battery  took  other  boats  some  days  later.  By  early  forenoon,  ferries  from  Brooklyn  were 
taking  the  last  of  the  departing  troops  around  the  Battery  and  across  to  the  great  German  piers. 
New  York  looked  magnificent  that  day.  The  clean  salt  air  and  the  brilliancy  of  the  lower 
city  were  contagious.  As  one  boat  load  after  another  passed  under  Brooklyn  Bridge,  the  men 
gave  a  big  spontaneous  cheer  that  swelled  out  over  the  water  and  echoed  like  a  gun  at  sea.  The 
big  hull  of  the  Leviathan,  which  was  to  carry  the  two  regiments  and  other  troops  overseas  on  this 
trip,  finally  loomed  far  out  in  the  stream  beyond  its  fellows. 

All  that  day  and  part  of  the  next,  troops  were  filed  in  through  the  troop  gangway.  It  seemed 
to  be  an  endless  chain  which  the  ship  devoured.  Fniformed  women  of  the  Red  Cross  worked 
incessantly  along  this  line  giving  out  sandwiches,  doughnuts  and  cigarettes.  When  aboard  the 
men  were  sent  at  once  to  their  sleeping  quarteis. 

The  bunks  were  of  canvas  set  in  iion  frames.  They  extended  tier  on  tier,  for  the  most  part  on 
lower  decks,  but  scjnie  were  located  in  salons  that  had  previously  been  stripped  of  any  pretense  of 
finery.  On  this  trip,  the  Leviathan  carried  fifteen  thousand  souls,  ten  thousand  of  whom  were 
soldiers  and  the  balance  the  crew  and  naval  replacements  for  the  European  fleet. 

That  night  Manhattan  Island,  across  the  Hudson,  as  seen  from  the  deck  of  the  Leviathan  seemed 
strangely  distant  and  detached.  Its  beauty  was  visionary  and  far  off.  The  low  wharves  were 
shrouded  and  shadowy  under  their  bluish  arc-light  glare.  Many  arcs  hung  about  the  sides  of 
the  Leviathan  and  searchlights  played  on  it  from  either  neighboring  dock. 

On  Wednesday,  ,\]jril  24th,  some  time  betwt>en  midnight  and  dawn  this  great  ship  nosed 
out  and  departed.  Not  a  light  was  showing.  Within  each  door  that  led  to  the  decks,  guards  were 
posted,  and  only  a  few  bluejackets  strolled  casually  about. 

The  next  few  days  were  without  iiu'ident.  Schedules  were  arranged  for  physical  exercise  and 
for  daily  inspection.  The  health  of  the  men  was  carefully  guarded  while  they  were  living  under 
these  crowded  conditions.  Daily  abandon  ship  diills  were  held  and  it  became  customary  to  hear 
the  shrill  startling  call  of  the  ship's  bugler  sounded  at  double  time. 

The  sixth  day  out,  five  torpedo-boat  destroyers  steamed  alongside  as  escort.      These  lively 


[25] 


little  sea-dogs  circled  and  cavorted  about  as  if  teasing  their  big  charge.  The  Leviathan  traveled 
free  from  the  usual  convoy  as  she  raced  along  her  zigzag  course,  depending  more  on  her  speed  than 
her  armament. 

On  the  morning  of  May  2d,  the  harbor  of  Brest  was  reached.  The  old  citad(>l  and  the  city  it- 
self were  both  beautiful  from  the  water-front.  High  over  the  town,  which  slopcnl  upward  as  it 
extended  inland,  was  a  big  observation  balloon. 

The  ship  took  a  position  off  shore  near  the  other  camouflaged  steamers  and  French  gunboats. 
After  a  wait  of  several  hours  a  cutter  bringing  French  Naval  officers  came  up  and  following  was  a 
hospital  boat.     This  was  the  first  visit  the  big  German  prize  had  made  in  French  waters. 

British  lighters  in  the  early  afternoon  took  the  troops  ashore  by  regiment.  The  Britishers 
had  certain  conceptions  of  loading  men  that  would  have  put  to  shame  a  subway  guard  on  the  Bronx 
Express.  The  bands  were  there  and  played  artillery  airs.  Everyone  was  in  high  spirits.  On 
landing,  the  men  climbed  up  the  stone  quay  and  formed  in  the  railroad  yards. 

This  was  really  the  theater  of  war.  The  big  sausage  balloon  that  swayed  on  its  cable  high 
above  the  city  had  some  vague  connection  with  the  front;  just  what  the  relation  was  no  one  could 
exactly  ascertain.  Many  trucks  were  about,  some  of  which  carried  healthy-looking  (German 
prisoners.  The  prisoners  were  loading  flour  under  the  direction  of  an  antiquated  French  guard  who 
strode  about  with  fixed  bayonet.     He  was  as  lean  as  his  charges  were  fat. 

The  troops  moved  out  quickly,  and  soon  the  columns  were  winding  their  way  through  the  narrow 
streets  and  upward  to  the  higher  country.  The  march  was  a  matter  of  only  a  few  kilometers,  but 
because  of  the  recent  confinement  aboardship,  it  was  harder  than  a  normal  march  of  three  times 
the  distance. 

PONTENAZIAN  BARRACKS 

The  first  regiment  that  passed  through  the  big  stone  port  of  Pontenazian  Barracks  was  the  304th 
Field  Artillery,  led  by  Colonel  Raymond  W.  Briggs.  The  306th  Field  Artillery  followed  imme- 
diately, led  by  Colonel  L.  S.  Miller. 

Pontenazian  is  an  old  Napoleonic  garrison  whose  past  dates  vaguely  back  to  its  occupancy 
as  a  monastery,  and  at  one  time  as  a  prison.  It  is  a  great  parade  ground  on  one  side  of  which  is  a 
line  of  low  stone  barracks.  A  street  of  khaki  tents  stood  along  an  adjoining  side,  evidence  of  the 
presence  of  American  troops.  The  place  was  not  without  attraction.  Little  fruit  trees  blossomed 
within  the  high  stone  walls,  and  the  quaint  old  barracks  were  weathered  old  relics  of  an  earlier 
age.  These  buildings  were  damp  and  gloomy  inside.  On  rainy  nights  more  than  one  buck  private 
remarked  on  the  beauty  of  the  place  as  he  dented  a  stone  wall  in  a  vain  attempt  to  land  a  mis- 
shapen shoe  on  one  of  the  big  rats  that  browsed  about  the  place.  It  was  rumored  that  Napoleon's 
ghost  clad  in  khaki  walked  about  at  night. 

The  first  days  here  were  devoted  to  drills  and  athletics.  No  officers  or  men  were  permitted  in 
Brest  except  on  official  business,  but  the  batteries  were  occasionally  marched  out  through  the 
country.  These  sight-seeing  marches  frequently  led  quite  near  the  city.  The  Bretons  in  their 
quaint  and  immaculate  dress,  and  the  farms  and  homes  of  these  interesting  people,  were  incidents 
of  these  trips.  Small  boys  as  always  took  great  interest  in  these  big  soldiers.  Some  favored  young- 
ster would  be  permitted  to  carry  a  soldier's  rifle,  and  would  proudly  stride  along  trying  to  keep 
pace  under  the  added  weight. 

The  children  did  not  ask  for  money  but  incessantly  begged,  "Avez  vous  un  cigarette,"  which 
soon  changed  to  the  English,  "Cigarette  for  papa,"  emphasized  with  outstretched  hand. 

The  305th  Field  Artillery  and  302d  Trench  Mortar  Battery  reached  Brest,  Saturday.  May  1th. 
on  the  ^'on  Steuben  and  a  Northern  Pacific  mail  boat  converted.  They  did  not  debark  until 
Monday,  May  6th,  at  which  time  the  other  regiments  were  preparing  to  entrain  for  "somewhere." 

This  first  railroad  trip  in  France,  the  first  of  the  "somewhere"  trips,  unfolded  itself  on  the 
map  after  two  days  into  a  coastal  trip  down  through  Nantes,  La  Rochelle  and  Bordeaux.  These 
big  army  centers  were  at  that  time  in  process  of  development.  There  was  much  speculation  as 
to  the  next  destination.  When  the  regulation  trains  of  51  cars  pulled  in  and  it  was  seen  that  prac- 
tically everyone  would  ride  "3me  classe"  those  who  had  expected  box  cars  were  agreeably  surprised. 

Equipment,  men  and  corned  willie  were  piled  aboard  in  short  time,  and  the  small  engine  (then 

[26] 


and  there  dubbed  "peanut  roaster")  gave  a  shrill  toot  and  began  to  move.  The  French  conduc- 
tors wore  little  flat  peaked  caps  and  black  coats  that  looked  like  Prince  Alberts  gone  shabby. 
Everyone  who  had  a  map  of  France  began  to  brush  up  on  his  geography. 

The  first  of  the  trains  passed  through  Bordeaux  on  the  evening  of  the  second  day  and  the  troops 
cletraiiied  twelve  miles  beyond  at  Bonneau,  the  rail-head  for  Souge,  to  which  troops,  guns  and 
supplies  were  shipped  for  Camp  de  Souge. 

E  CAMP  DE  SOUGE 

Camp  de  Souge  to  the  incoming  artillerymen  was  like  entering  a  circus,  "The  greatest  show- 
on  earth."  The  main  entrance  was  an  elaborate  archway  on  which  was  surmounted  a  crowing 
chanticleer.  Flanking  this  were  the  booths  and  shows  of  a  minor  Coney  Island;  a  show  at  which 
the  performers  of  the  big  show  inside  became  the  audience.  After  drill  hours  the  Httle  rows  of 
cafes  and  stands  swarmed  with  soldiers.  Cheese,  fruits,  nuts,  silk  creations,  pipes  and  vin-rouge 
were  sold  to  the  "bon  Americaine. "  Flaring  pictures  of  American  movie  stars  were  posted  about 
and  below  them  was  the  caption  in  French. 

Within  the  gate  was  a  long  street  of  barracks  extending  back  from  the  gate  as  far  as  the  eye 
could  see.  Near  the  gate  stood  the  small  camp  hospital  and  a  set  of  barracks  which  became  the 
quarters  of  the  Brigade  Commander,  General  Rees,  and  the  officers  of  the  three  regiments.  Schools 
were  at  the  opposite  end  of  camp.  In  this  way  everyone  had  an  equal  chance  of  getting  to  class  on 
time,  except  the  favored  few  who  rode  in  automobiles. 

Pine  trees  shaded  this  end  of  camp.  A  few  scrubby  trees  were  scattered  down  the  line  of  the 
men's  quarters,  and  batteries  vied  with  their  neighbors  in  decorating  the  plots  around  these  trees. 

Out  on  the  main  street,  beyond  the  point 
where  any  pretension  to  neatness  was  made, 
stood  the  prisoners-of-war  cage  and  the  Coolie 
camp.  Here  among  the  brush  and  sand  was 
the  great  clown  department  of  this  circus. 
The  Coolies  when  the  brigade  arrived  in  camp 
seemed  merely  Chinamen  who  stole  other 
people's  clothes,  and  with  whom  it  was  possible 
to  make  strange  deals  for  worthless  trinkets. 
Later  they  became  the  chief  source  of  amuse- 
ment in  camp.  It  was  not  an  uncommon 
sight  to  see  one  of  these  men,  with  a  shovel 
in  one  hand,  an  umbrella  in  the  other,  trying 
to  make  a  half-hour's  job  last  all   day.     It 

became  a  saying  around  camp  that  they  got  more  rest  out  of  a  shovel  than  a  soldier  gets  out  of  a 
feather  bed.  They  wore  all  manner  of  dress,  acquired  from  French  soldiers,  Americans  and  the 
Far  East.  Several  of  the  CooHes  had  hand-made  box  fiddles  which  they  would  stroke  with  a  rude 
bow  while  mooning  along  the  camp  streets. 

The  first  days  of  rest  soon  passed  and  the  brigade,  officers  and  men,  plunged  into  training  and 
into  intimate  contact  with  the  sands  of  Souge.  French  75's  were  on  hand  and  the  officers  of  the 
"75"  regiments  began  their  course  by  forming  into  gun  squads  and  doing  the  work  of  gun  crews. 
The  French  equivalent  to  good  old  American  nomenclature  was  learned.  A  materiel  expert  pointed 
out  in  principle  the  secret  of  the  75's  recoil  system;  the  exact  construction  of  which  is  a  carefully 
guarded  secret  even  to  French  officers. 

The  men  shortly  began  their  gun  drills  and  other  artillery  instruction  under  their  very  much 
over-worked  battery  officers,  who  at  the  same  time  were  completing  their  own  instruction  in  these 
subjects.  The  camp  swarmed  with  industry.  Wireless  men  put  up  portable  field  sets,  seemingly 
under  the  parentage  of  the  high  camp  set.  Telephone  men  laid  and  wound  up  again  miles  of  field 
telephone  lines,  and  established  dugout  centrals.  Teams  of  men  with  blinker  lights  got  out  op- 
posite one  another  and  balefully  winked  out  messages  sometimes  unprintable  and  of  an  eloquence 
not  in  keeping  with  the  difficulties  of  learning. 

Of  all  these  specialists  the  panel  men  were  most  nimble.     With  big  white  panels  similar  to 


They  Were  the  Chief  Source  of  AmusemenI  of  the  Camp 


27 


bed  sheets  they  jigged  a  war  dance,  each  trick  of  which  ended  with  a  low  salaam  disclosing  a  new 
white  hieroglyphic  marvelously  spread  out  on  the  ground  before  them. 

All  this  contagious  energy  affected  the  CooUes  not  one  whit.  The  only  time  they  moved 
faster  than  a  shuffling  walk  was  when  aboard  one  of  the  many  trucks  that  whizzed  through  camp. 
Then  it  was  the  delight  of  the  driver  not  to  let  them  off,  but  to  speed  up  while  a  very  much  fright- 
ened Chinese  flapped  from  the  tail-gate  like  an  old  shirt  blown  by  the  wind.  The  Coohes  showed 
greatest  excitement  when  they  fought  and  scratched  and  screamed  for  a  place  in  a  truck.  They 
scrambled  aboard  from  all  directions  like  Malay  pirates  boarding  a  prize,  all  .screaming  and  pushing 
for  favored  places. 

Quite  different  from  their  CooUe  neighbors  were  the  suave  Uttle  Anamites,  French  Territorials, 
who  guarded  the  prisoners.  These  yellow  men  wore  the  Chasseurs'  cap  and  carried  their  rifle  with 
the  ease  of  long  practice. 

The  .306th  was  not  as  favored  as  the  light  regiments.  No  "1.55"  howitzers  were  available  for 
them.  No  horses  had  arrived  for  anyone.  The  officers  spent  long  hours  out  on  a  miniature  field 
in  an  exalted  sort  of  terrain  board  exercise,  computing  the  technical  data  required  to  land  shots 
on  the  houses,  woods  and  hills  represented  in  miniature.  The  gun  crews  had  drills,  and  developed 
into  what  they  later  dubbed  "bed-post  artillery."  They  found  that  by  aUgning  two  cots  in  proper 
relation  to  one  another  and  placing  a  log  across  one,  it  was  possible  to  conduct  a  gun  drill. 

The  firing  of  the  75's  commenced  two  weeks  after  the  preliminary  training.  Officers  had 
learned  the  firing  methods  of  position  warfare,  and  now  knew  in  computing  firing  data  that  even 
barometic  pressure  and  temperature  of  the  powder  must  be  considered.  These  and  other  computa- 
tions were  worked  out  in  the  lecture  rooms.  Officers  were  taught  to  sense  shots  and  adjust  fire 
indoors  on  terrain  boards  over  which  a  dexterous  instructor  belabored  with  a  little  wire  scale  that, 
when  held  properly,  displayed  small  black  or  white  pills  representing  shell  or  shrapnel  bursts. 

The  range  was  as  flat  as  a  table  top.  From  one  of  the  stilt-like  observatories  that  were  loca- 
ted at  intervals  around  half  of  its  circumference  it  seemed  to  stretch  for  miles,  a  morass  of  swamp 
and  underbrush  broken  by  several  raised  roads.  In  the  center  of  the  range  was  an  old  stone  build- 
ing and  a  small  clump  of  trees.  The  ruins  of  this  gave  up  a  yellow  dust  whenever  a  direct  hit  was 
registered  on  it.  Beyond  1,500  meters  were  many  trench  parapets  of  diagonal,  triangular  and  square 
pattern.  A  few  trees  in  isolated  loneliness  stood  out  against  the  sky  line.  At  5,000  and  6,000 
meters  stood  a  few  lone  barns,  practically  intact. 

Close  up  to  the  range  grew  a  dense  pine  forest.  On  several  hot  dry  days,  brush  caught  fire  from 
bursting  shell,  and  twice  the  entire  brigade  fought  the  fire. 

Daily  from  seven  until  noon  the  long  line  of  batteries  pounded  out  anmiunition  at  a  lavish 
rate.  The  gun  crews  gained  in  proficiency:  the  officers  ma.stered  the  increasingly  complex  firing 
problems;  and  the  Ammunition  Train  which  had  been  drilling  and  learning  about  motor  transport 
got  practical  work  in  supplying  ammunition.  The  trench  mortar  battery  had  a  separate  range 
off  to  one  side  that  was  as  desolate  as  No  Man's  Land.  From  a  dug-in  position  in  which  the  crews 
served  the  pieces  like  moles,  these  big  mortars  sent  forth  a  projectile  that  when  landing  shook 
the  earth. 

The  great  day  finally  came  when  the  306th  got  their  guns.  The  big  lumbering  howitzers 
bowled  into  camp  behind  trucks,  Saturday  afternoon,  June  8th.  Monday  morning,  a  hot  drill 
competition  began.  Wednesday  morning,  this  regiment  began  its  belated  firing  schedule,  two  days 
after  they  first  handled  the  weapon.  This  achievement  developed  a  spirit  that  later  enabled 
the  regiment  to  score  a  reputation  for  accurate  firing  at  the  front,  hard  to  excel. 

Horses  did  not  begin  to  arrive  until  May  28th,  and  then  began  a  vital  part  of  the  training  of 
field  artillerymen.  The  training  of  drivers  is  a  slow  process.  Bright  men  may  (juickly  learn  the 
rudiments  of  gunnery,  but  the  care  and  proper  handling  of  horses  comes  only  with  time.  The 
30 ith  and  306th  had  been  organized  as  motor  regiments  and  in  consequence  only  a  few  Western 
replacements  had  any  knowledge  of  horses.  Taxi  drivers  must  now  become  horsemen.  Perhaps 
the  French  horses  did  not  know  New  York  Knglish — perhaps  New  York  men  did  not  know  chevaux 
French;  certainly  at  times  the  two  did  not  co-ordinate.  More  than  one  man  got  kicked  for  his 
solicitations  or,  when  mounted,  slipped,  clawing  the  air,  to  the  sands  of  .Souge. 

Evidences  were  in  the  air  of  a  rushed  completion  of  the  course.     Other  brigades  were  billeted 

[28] 


in  nearby  towns.  Troops  had  been  coming  to  France  more  rapidly  than  training  camps  could 
accommodate  them.  Plans  were  under  way  for  a  big  barrage  in  which  every  gun  in  the  brigade  would 
fire  at  once. 

It  happened  at  one-thirty,  on  a  perfect  afternoon.  All  75's  had  taken  position  along  the  edge 
of  the  range.  The  howitzers  were  near  a  town  in  the  rear.  A  trench  line  had  been  laid  out  in 
white  strips  of  muslin.  The  barrage  started  in  full  force  after  twenty  seconds,  and  evenly  spaced 
bursts  could  be  seen  along  the  entire  objective.  Then  overhead,  sliding  through  the  air  with  a 
sound  like  cloth  being  slowly  ripped,  came  the  155's.  The  points  that  were  designated  as  com- 
munication trenches  were  being  reduced.  The  thing,  the  whole  thing,  was  seen  to  be  no  longer 
playing  on  the  same  spot,  but  slowly  becoming  more  distant.  The  fire  of  the  heavies  was  lifted 
to  more  distant  targets.  Within  a  half-hour,  the  boiling  had  become  a  simmer  and  ceased.  The 
brigade's  first  barrage  was  a  success. 

Later  came  the  night  firing.  Batteries  were  placed  in  position  at  dusk,  and  as  night  came  on, 
the  gun  crews  slept,  leaving  only  the  guards  over  the  guns.  At  an  unknown  hour,  the  enemy 
would  attack.  It  was  after  midnight  when  the  signal  for  the  barrage  came,  a  flash  from  a 
distant  observatory.  The  sentry  immediately  placed  the  first  round  in  the 
gun,  which  as  in  actual  combat  was  laid,  and  pulled  the  lanyard.  No  fur- 
ther call  was  necessary.  The  crew  jumped  to  their  positions  and  the  bar- 
rage was  fired  as  charted  on  their  gun  shield. 

On  the  Fourth  of  July,  after  the  completion  of  the  course  (except  for 
some  belated  firing  by  the  howitzers),  the  brigade  paraded  in  Bordeaux  with 
guns  and  horses.  En  route  to  Bordeaux,  the  long  rumbling,  clanking  column 
of  guns  and  caissons  extended  from  one  town  to  the  next.     This  was  the 

greatest  assemblage  of  artil- 
lery that  most  officers  and 
men  in  it  had  seen,  and  they 
were  proud  of  themselves. 
.,  „  t_„^  mt      Two  regiments  of  the    4th 

^  "t^  .*-i/  '""^v  "'•^a''  ^  "^^  W       Field  Artillery  Brigade  also 
■  ^nCik.MBL.>    «■»      .  »-„_  Hi       were  to  parade. 

Bordeaux  was  in  gala 
dress.  It  was  celebrating  a 
holiday  as  only  the  French 
know  how.  The  long  column 
moved  through  the  city, 
The  streets  and  balconies  were  thronged,  and  as  the  troops 
The  column,  led  by  General  Rees,  marched  around 


The  First  Barrage  of  the  I5:'d  Briijnde  Field  Arlillery 


escorted  by  French  infantry 
passed,  they  were  showered  with  flowers, 
the  three  sides  of  the  beautiful  Place  des  la  Quinconces,  and  out  the  city  to  the  bivouac  of  the 
preceding  night.  The  selection  of  this  square  on  the  river-front  afl'orded  a  magnificent  back- 
ground for  the  impressive  review.  The  fine  of  French  marines  drawn  up  around  the  square,  and 
the  richly  decorated  reviewing  stand  where  the  Base  Commander  and  French  officers  reviewed, 
all  combined  to  make  an  impression  of  Bordeaux  long  to  be  remembered. 

That  afternoon  the  brigade  got  orders  to  proceed  by  rail  to  Baccarat,  where  they  would  enter 
the  line  for  the  first  time. 


[29] 


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[30] 


PHASE  III 

The  Baccarat  Sector 

OR  three  days  the  th'ed  doughboys  had  been  riding  on  the  slow-moving  trains 
of  France.  They  did  not  know  whither  they  were  bound,  or  what  the  future 
held  in  store,  but  by  observing  the  sun  and  noting  the  names  of  the  more  im- 
portant cities,  it  was  well  estabUshed  that  their  journey  was  taking  them 
south  and  east.  There  were  visions  of  guard  duty  on  the  Mediterranean;  and 
attractive  stories  of  sunny  Italy  were  told  and  retold.  The  city  of  Nancy  had 
been  passed  many  hours  before,  when  the  order  was  given  to  detrain  at  an 
insignificant  town,  of  which  no  one  had  ever  heard.  Two  days  of  hiking 
followed,  and  the  different  units  were  fmally  all  grouped  in  the  vicinity  of 
RamberviUiers.  It  now  became  generally  known  that  the  77th  was  to  occupy  a  quiet  sector  at 
the  front  and  rumor  had  spread  through  the  ranks  that  the  42d  Division  would  be 
relieved. 

After  some  days  of  rest  from  the  long  trip,  which  had  taken  it  nearly  across  France,  the  77th 
was  ready  to  take  its  place  in  a  ptu-t  of  the  Une  being  held  jointly  by  the  61st  French  Division  and 
the  42d  American  Division.  This  served  greatly  to  facilitate  and  safeguard  the  operation,  for  the 
French  Division  remained  in  position  during  the  relief. 

In  this  sector,  the  members  of  the  Division  fust  came  into  direct  contact   with  the  French 
soldier.     He  was  to  help  in  solving  the  first  difficulties.     His  months  of  bitter  experience  would  be 
utilized.     But  it  meant  much  more  than  the  experience  of  an  older 
ally.     It  was  the  beginning  of  that  kindly  feeling  and  close  friend-  ^-^ 

ship  that  existed  between  the  77th  and  its  com- 
rades in  blue  thioughout  the  war.  ^ere  were 
laid  the  first  ties  of  cooperation  in  a  common 
cause    against    a    common    enemy.     For    the 


%S\ 


The  Order  Was  iuven  lo  Detrain, 


[31] 


GeiHTdt  (..  (..  Inriin,  Accoiitjyiintfd  /)' 


Mnjiir  Cfiienil   l)iun;ni.  77lh  Dn'isiu 
Baccarat,  June  2(1,  191S 


I'ax.siiKj  lliv  (juard  iij  lliiuiir. 


Division,  it  was  the  opportunity  of  feeling  and  strengthening  in  a  personal  way  the  bonds  that 
bind  two  peoples  together. 

This  first  meeting  with  the  French  was  an  event  of  special  significance  to  the  Division,  but  the 
actual  entry  into  this  sector  had  a  much  greater  significance.  The  77th  was  to  be  the  fu-st  Na- 
tional Army  Division  to  take  over  part  of  the  front  line.  It  was  the  first  real  test  of  a  great  ex- 
periment. It  was  to  determine  whetliev  an  army  recruited  from  the  motley  ranks  of  civilian  life 
could,  within  a  few  brief  months,  be  trained  into  an  effective  fighting  force.  It  was  to  forecast 
whether  the  natural  assets  of  initiative,  alertness,  courage  and  determination  could  be  matched 
against  the  iron  discipline  of  a  great  war  machine. 

To  the  officers,  it  meant  leading  men  for  the  first  time  under  the  strange  and  difficult  con- 
ditions of  actual  battle;  not  men  trained  and  seasoned  to  war,  but  men  who  a  few  months  before 
had  never  worn  a  uniform.  To  the  men,  it  meant  obedience  under  adverse  conditions,  conditions 
in  which  to  falter  might  mean  disaster.  To  both  officers  and  men,  it  meant  adaptation  to  new 
surroundings  and  unusual  conditions.  Afterward  it  became  a  source  of  deep  satisfaction  to  the 
77th  that  it  was  the  first  National  Army  Division  actually  to  have  a  sector  and  to  face  the  Hun  on 
the  western  front. 

To  many  men,  the  much-used  word,  relief,  meant  but  Uttle.  In  a  vague  way,  they  knew  that 
somehow  the  77th  was  to  get  into  the  position  now  occupied  by  the  42d.  An  opinion  was  current 
that  the  Division  would  sufl'er  more  in  taking  up  its  new  positions  than  in  holding  them  for  several 
months  after  the  men  were  once  in  fine. 

The  reUef  was  completed  between  the  16th  and  26th  of  June.  For  a  week  the  weather  con- 
tinued sultry  and  rainy  with  low-hanging  clouds  of  mist  and  fogs  which  materially  assisted  the 
movement,  by  permitting  the  free  and  safe  use  of  trucks  and  motor  transport.  AU  movements 
of  the  troops  were  restricted  to  night-time,  and  every  precaution  was  taken  that  the  relief  should 
not  be  discovered  by  the  enemy. 

Despite  all  precautions,  the  enemy  was  aware  that  a  reUef  was  in  progress.  He  only  awaited 
the  Division's  safe  arrival,  to  give  it  a  warm  welcome.  From  his  observation  balloons  floated 
messages  of  feUcitation,   "Good-bye,  42d  Division — Hello,  77th   Division,"   and   on    the   morn- 


32 


ing  of  June  24th,  wlien  the  rehef  was  practically  complete,  he  started  his  real  celebration  of 
the  event. 

At  4  A.  M.  he  began  shelling  with  mustard  and  phosgene  gas.  Migneville,  St.  Maurice,  Mon- 
tigny,  Newviller  and  Badonviller  were  the  places  most  concentrated  on,  but  scattered  and  random 
shots  were  dropped  throughout  the  area.  This  was  the  Division's  first  experience  with  gas.  With- 
out stopping  to  recall  the  old  familiar  admonition,  "It  is  your  best  friend,"  the  masks  were  put 
on  in  double  time  and  without  thought  of  number  and  prescribed  manner.  During  this  attack, 
the  enemy  artillery  fired  approximately  three  thousand  rounds  which  resulted  in  180  casualties. 
Of  these,  about  one  hundred  were  severe,  five  being  the  result  of  phosgene  and  the  rest  of  mustard. 
It  was  ascertained  later  that  the  casualties  were  nearly  all  due  to  removing  the  masks  too  soon, 
rather  than  to  tardiness  in  putting  them  on,  and  this  first  lesson  learned  by  experience  was  des- 
tined to  help  many  times  in  the  future. 

The  Baccarat  sector  was  in  Lorraine,  south  of  Strasburg,  on  a  fine  between  Luneville  and  St. 
Die.  The  part  held  by  the  77th  Division  extended  from  Herbeviller  on  the  left  to  a  point  east  of 
Badonviller  on  the  right.  This  sector,  which  was  named  for  its  largest  town,  was  divided  into  the 
East  Zone  and  the  West  Zone  with  the  dividing  line  between  Ancerviller  and  St.  Pole.  Each  zone 
was  divided  into  two  sub-sectors,  named  La  Blette,  Montigny,  St.  Pole  and  Badonviller  sub-sectors, 
held  by  the  30,5th  Infantry,  306th  Infantry,  307th  Infantry  and  308th  Infantry  from  left  to  right. 
Each  sub-sector  was  organ- 
ized into  a  one-battalion  front 
with  one  battalion  in  support, 
and  one  reserve  battalion  in 
rest.  The  front  extended  in  a 
general  northwesterly  to  south- 
easterly direction,  with  the 
little  towns  of  Domevre,  Hal- 
loville,  Nonhigny,  Montreux 
and  Bremeuil  included  in  the 
German  lines.  The  77th 
Division  Headquarters  were 
established  in  Baccarat  on  the 
morning  of  June  21st. 

The  terrain  of  the  sector 
is  well  adapted  for  the  training 
of  a  new  division.  It  is  broken, 
hilly,  partially  wooded  country 
with  no  part  offering  extreme 
difficulties,  but  all  parts  afford- 
ing excellent  opportunities  for 
teaching,  training  and  de- 
veloping the  various  branches  of  an  inexperienced  army  by  practical  work  in  the  field.  Three 
water  courses  cross  the  area,  each  dignified  by  the  name  of  a  river.  The  Meurthe  is  the  largest 
of  these,  and  entirely  traverses  the  sector,  flowing  through  Baccarat  to  the  northeast  in  a  line 
parallel  to  the  front.  Between  the  Meurthe  and  the  front  line,  two  other  small  streams,  the 
Yerdurette  and  the  La  Blette  rivers,  flow  in  the  same  general  direction. 

Only  the  lower,  less  rugged  slopes  are  cultivated.  Many  of  the  hills  are  rocky  and  either  wooded 
or  partially  covered  with  thickets  of  hedge-thorns  or  other  shrubs.  From  an  elevation  of  vantage 
one  can  look  to  the  east  far  over  the  billowy  tops  of  hills  and  ridges,  rising  ever  higher  and  higher, 
until  lost  in  the  distant  haze-veiled  peaks  of  the  \'osges.  The  roads  stand  out  white  and  distinct 
against  the  verdure  of  summertime,  disappearing  and  reappearing  as  they  wind  like  ribbons  of 
silver  about  the  valleys,  from  one  quaint  old-fashioned  village  to  the  other. 

To  the  lover  of  nature,  it  was  a  beautiful  country  in  a  beautiful  season,  but  its  a>sthetic  charms  were 
often  unappreciated  during  the  sordid  tasks  of  a  "  quiet  sector. "  It  was  no  strange  sight  to  see  peasants 
with  gas  masks  working  on  the  reverse  slopes  of  hills  within  three  kilometers  of  No  Man's  Land. 


WiiUhiiKj  (in  Enemy  Aeroplane 


33 


The  front  of  each  sub-sector  was  oifianized  in  two  Hnes  of  defense.  The  first  or  front  Hnc  was 
at  first  strongly  held,  but  this  was  later  changed  to  a  line  of  out-posts  or  strong-points,  each  held  by 
one,  two,  or  three  squads  of  men.  The  second  line  or  main  line  of  resistance  was  more  strongly 
occupied.  In  case  of  attack,  the  forward  out-posts  were  to  offer  strong  resistance  and  fall  back 
to  the  second  line.  The  support  battalion,  in  turn,  was  always  ready  to  move  to  the  support  of  the 
forward  battalion. 

Eaili  battalion  held  the  forward  area  for  a  week  or  ten  days  and  was  then  relieved  by  the  sup- 
port battalion.  After  being  relieved,  it  moved  to  the  rest  camp  in  the  rear.  At  the  next  relief,  it 
left  the  rest  camp  and  took  position  as  support  battalion. 

The  birthdays  of  the  Tnited  States  and  France  were  celebrated  while  in  this  sector.  On  the 
night  of  July  3d,  word  came  that  an  attack  might  be  attempted.  It  had  been  customary  for  the 
enemy  thus  to  help  the  Allies  celebrate  their  birthdays.  The  whole  Division  went  into  the  alert, 
but  the  alarm  was  false.  On  the  following  day,  the  French  celebrated  in  honor  of  the  Americans. 
Officers  were  feasted,  smokes  were  exchanged,  and  many  a  patriotic  toast  was  drunk  to  the  success 
and  friendship  of  the  two  nations. 

On  July  1 1th,  the  Americans  returned  the  it)urtesy,  and  in  all  modesty,  it  may  be  said,  the 
first  celebration  was  outdone  in  true  Yankee  style.  These  sincere  expressions  of  courtesy  and  good- 
will fixed  more  firmly  the  kindly  feeling  of 
sympathy  that  had  been  steadily  growing 
between  the  men  of  the  Division  and  their 
French  comrades. 

Rapid  progress  was  being  made  in  the 
course  of  the  training;  more  and  more  re- 
sponsibility had  been  given  the  77th,  until 
between  July  15th  and  July  18th  the 
French  Division  was  gradually  withdrawn 
from  the  sector.  Each  battalion  had  held 
the  front-line  position  with  the  French,  and 
each  had  received  the  benefit  of  their  in- 
struction. From  now  on,  the  American 
Division  would  act  entirely  on  its  own 
responsibility.  It  had  won  the  confidence  of 
its  instructors;  without  assistance,  it  would 
hold  part  of  the  great  front  line. 

Patrols  accomplished  the  only  really 
aggressive  work  in  this  area.  Nearly  every 
night,  each  sub-sector  sent  out  a  patrol. 
Some  of  these  were  to  repair  wire ;  some  were 
to  reconnoiter  certain  areas  for  machine-gun  emplacements;  some  were  combat  patrols;  and  there 
was  always  the  standing  order  to  take  prisoners,  if  possible.  At  first,  these  patrols  consisted  of 
forty  or  fifty  men  composed  of  both  French  and  Americans.  Later  the  patrols  were  much  smaller. 
The  ex-perience  was  of  value.  Soon  the  troops  became  accustomed  to  patrolling  cautiously 
about  "No  Man's  Land"  in  the  darkness,  stopping  and  listening  intently  at  the  least  sound,  always 
expecting  the  enemy  flares,  and  ever  ready  to  drop  at  the  first  "rat-tat-tat"  of  a  machine  gun. 
Several  ( ierman  patrols  were  repulsed  and  driven  off  with  losses.  At  one  time,  one  of  the  American 
patrols  met  an  enemy  patrol  of  greatly  superior  numbers  and  exchanged  courtesies.  As  a  resultr 
some  were  reported  missing,  but  the  following  night  all  had  returned  after  an  eventful  day  and 
night  spent  in  shell  holes  and  enemy  trenches.  Despite  cunningly  laid  ambuscades,  all  efforts  up 
to  now  to  take  prisoners  proved  fruitless.  The  only  direct  information  received  of  the  enemy 
was  from  three  deserters  who  wisely  left  their  guns  in  a  wire  entanglement  and  with  uplifted  hands 
walked  victoriously  into  the  American  lines. 

A  patrol  was  undertaken  on  July  21st,  by  Captain  Blanton  Barrett  of  the  307th  Infantry, 
for  the  purpose  of  taking  prisoners.  The  party  of  fifty-four  had  already  passed  the  enemy  wire, 
which  had  been  previously  cut,  and  were  just  entering  the  woods  beyond.      Immediately  follo>ving 


French  und  Americans  Equally 
Aeroplane  Dud 


3i: 


The  Enemy  Had  Siiperiorily  of  the  Air — Etierny  Plane  lirow/ht  Down  Near  Chapelle,  July  5,  1918 

'  blast  of  a  bugle,  the  patrol  was  attacked  on  two  sides  with  rifle,  machine-gun  and  grenade 
lire  by  two  companies  of  the  enemy.  The  fight  was  brief  but  furious  and  the  courage  of  the  Ameri- 
cans magnificent.  Fire  was  returned  with  imdaunted  determination  and  an  attempt  to  surround 
the  patrol  was  frustrated.  Of  the  men  who  originally  constituted  the  patrol,  only  twenty  one 
returned.  Nearly  all  of  these  were  wounded.  Captain  Barrett,  after  being  .severely  wounded, 
continued  fighting  until  kiUed. 

Patrols  had  previously  entered  to  the  third-Une  trenches  of  the  enemy  without  opposition  and 
there  was  no  reason  to  expect  such  a  strong  force  at  this  point  at  the  time.  The  encounter  had 
demonstrated  one  very  significant  fact.  The  soldiers,  though  unseasoned  and  but  partly  trained, 
had  the  fundamentals  of  real  warriors.  They  evidenced  the  unfaltering  courage,  unbreakable 
determination,  and  indomitable  .spirit  that  were  to  characterize  the  Division  throughout  the  war. 
They  were  dependable.  They  needed  only  more  experience  and  a  closer  binding  together  into  a 
smoothly  working  machine  to  make  an  irresistible  fighting  force. 

The  enemy  had  the  superiority  of  the  air,  which  in  certain  respects  served  well  in  the  training. 
Whenever  visibility  was  good,  a  line  of  balloons  could  be  seen  along  the  entire  front.  Kitchens 
had  to  be  concealed  carefully.  Movements  of  troops  had  to  be  restricted  to  night-time.  Every 
action  had  to  be  performed  with  greater  secrecy,  and  greater  precautions  had  to  be  exercised  at  all 
times.  An  observer  was  always  on  the  lookout,  and  whenever  an  enemy  was  sighted  he  gave  a 
long  far-reaching  blast  of  the  bugle.  The  familiar  "under  cover"  was  heard  here  for  the  first  time. 
When  the  plane  disappeared,  three  short  blasts  were  blown  and  interrupted  activities  were  again 
resumed. 

Every  branch  of  the  Division  had  an  oppoitunity  to  apply  the  instruction  it  had  received  be- 
fore coming  to  the  sector.  Not  only  the  doughboys,  but  the  Intelligence  Branch,  the  Machine- 
gunners,  the  Artillerymen,  the  lilngineers,  the  Signalmen — all  here  received  the  same  valuable 
experience. 

Better  conditions  for  developing  the  intelligence  section  could  hardly  be  found.  Difficulties 
of  terrain  taxed  the  ingenuity  in  selecting  observation  posts,  but  when  once  the  system  was  organ- 


35 


ized,  it  developed  real  effectiveness.  To  develop  the  powers  of  observation  and  give  more  practice, 
everything  that  occurred  in  the  enemy  lines  was  reported.  Reports  were  required  on  all  enemy 
shelling,  calibre,  source  and  destination.  All  balloons  and  planes  were  scrupulously  noted.  De- 
spite these  seemingly  trivial  requirements,  much  good  work  was  accomplished.  Many  enemy 
strong-points  and  gun  emplacements  were  located  and  reconnoitered  at  night.  One  sniper's  post 
was  discovered  in  a  church  with  a  dummy  decoy  at  a  neighboring  window.  When  the  figure  was 
shot  at,  a  concealed  (lerman  with  a  sense  of  humor  waved  a  red  flag  to  indicate  that  the  shot  had 
been  a  "miss." 

The  machine-gunners,  destined  to  play  an  important  role,  here  found  their  first  practice  in 
cooperating  with  the  Infantry  in  selecting  and  preparing  gun  positions.  The  regimental  machine- 
gun  companies  were  used,  together  with  companies  of  the  Machine-gun  Battalion;  with  one  com- 
pany always  working  with  each  battalion.  They  were  relieved  when  the  battalion  was  relieved  and 
worked  also  in  conjunction  with  the  French.  This  gave  each  company  experience  on  every  line 
of  defense.  The  companies  did  most  effective  work  with  patrols,  and  often  gave  protecting  fire 
when  not  actually  participating. 

The  Division  Machine-gun  Companies  did  not  come  into  action  until  late  in  July.  Half  were 
used  by  each  brigade,  and  they  made  an  important  part  of  the  scheme  of  defense  in  the  sector. 
They  had  permanent  emplacements  from  which  they  could,  if  called  upon,  sweep  the  whole  of  the 
enemy  front,  but  they  did  much 


firing  from  other  temporary 
positions.  On  alternate  nights, 
each  company  fired  a  barrage 
of  approximately  ten  thousand 
rounds  on  established  strong- 
points.  Several  enemy  ma- 
chine-gun nests  were  destroyed . 

For  supporting  artillery, 
the  Division  was  dependent 
upon  the  French  during  most 
of  its  stay  in  Lorraine,  as  the 
Divisional  Artillery  did  not 
arrive  until  the  middle  of  July. 
Every  day  there  was  some 
firing  on  known  battery 
positions  and  sensitive  points, 
and  also  some  harassing  fire, 
but  at  no  time,  excepting  in  the 
first  gas  attack,  wasthere  heavy 
artillery  fire  on  either  side. 
American  fire  averaged  more 

than  double  that  of  the  enemy.  The  most  notable  achievement  of  the  artillery  was  the  firing 
of  a  suspected  ammunition  dump  in  a  ruined  church.  The  firing  proved  the  truth  of  the  suspicion, 
and  at  the  same  time  proved  the  worth  of  the  training  at  Camp  de  Souge. 

Liaison  was  not  neglected.  Signalmen  entered  the  area  in  advance  of  the  other  branches,  and 
were  functioning  when  the  other  units  arrived.  Within  the  sector,  the  telephone,  supplemented  by 
a  runner  system,  was  the  chief  means  of  conununication.  Each  battalion  was  connected  with 
higher  units  by  telephone.  Each  unit  down  to  platoons  had  its  trained  runners  who  were  familiar 
with  all  the  Posts  of  Command  to  which  they  might  be  expected  to  go.  Motorcyclists,  bicyclists 
and  mounted  couriers  were  also  used  in  conjunction  with  this.  Later  a  visual  system  was  established 
and  maintained,  using  wig-wag,  semaphore  and  flash-lamp.  This  was  always  ready  in  case  the 
other  systems  should  fail.  A  wireless  system  was  set  up  and  worked  successfully.  Besides  these 
means  of  liaison  which  established  a  network  t)f  communication  throughout  the  sector,  carrier 
pigeons  were  used.  Linemen  and  couriers  were  learning  to  work  under  fire;  operators  became 
proficient;  officers  learned  the  use  of  the  code. 


Once  More  llie  77th  \\  as  un  Its  Way 


,36 


Such  was  the  sojourn  in  the  Baccarat  Sector.  Every  man  had  received  a  useful  training.  As 
a  whole,  six  weeks  had  been  without  particular  incident,  but  they  were  six  weeks  well  spent.  First 
impressions  are  lasting,  and  the  long  nights  of  alert  waiting,  the  rattling  bursts  of  machine  guns, 
the  brilliant  trains  of  colored  flares,  the  endless  stretches  of  wire  entanglements,  the  shell-torn 
expanse  of  "No  Man's  Land,"  the  ever-staring  enemy  lines,  the  watchful  balloons  hanging  above 
the  wooded  hills,  the  weird  singing  of  shells,  the  tell-tale  clatter  of  duck-boards,  echoing  in  the  still- 
ness of  the  night,  the  rest  camps — they  had  all  made  an  indelible  impression. 

The  end  of  July  completed  the  stay  in  Lorraine.  The  relief  was  successfully  accomplished  by 
the  .37th  Division,  and  once  more  the  77th  was  on  its  way  to  the  future.  It  had  served  its  appren- 
ticeship on  the  quiet  sector.  The  stay  had  been  characterized  by  continuous  activity  and  training. 
Valuable  experience  had  been  acquired.  A  spirit  of  self-confidence  was  being  developed.  But  so 
far,  the  force  of  the  Division  was  potential.  It  still  lacked  consolidation  into  a  smoothly  function- 
ing whole.  In  its  elements  it  had  found  itself,  but  in  its  entirety  it  was  not  yet  capable  of  expres- 
sion in  full  dynamic  force. 


37 


SEVENTY-SEVEN 

I  lived — and  yet  I  did  not  live. — 

Was  born  and  grew  like  any  other  man: 

But  Man — in  its  true  meaning — 

\\as  far  beyond  my  ken.     1  knew  it  not. 

And  never  knew,  nor  even  guessed, 

Its  sacrifices,  or  intensities,  would  ever 

Be  kindled  in  my  breast, 

That  Something  was  not  there. 

I  was  but  selfish — as  you  know; 

The  world  and  all  its  greatness 

Was  something  cold,  stern  and  businesslike, 

And  Life  was  but  a  sham,  so  I  said, 

Unless  reward  were  sure — Poor  Fool. 

I  little  dreamed  the  Truth.     1  did  not  feel 

The  Heart  of  Patriotism  which  beats  for 

Man  and  Country, 

\  et  I  looked  on.  seeking. 

Battles  came  and  I  went  with  them. 
Through  the  dark  places  and  its  life. 
With  a  division  who  knew  not  how  to  wait. 
And  so  I  fought,  and  in  so  doing 
Learned  the  meaning  of  the  word  I  sought 
Called   •SPIBIT"— 

God!     How  it  made  men  fight. — and  1  fought  with  them. 
Till  the  number  77  stood  before  me 
As  all  that  I  should  cherish. 
I  was  finding. 

And  now  'tis  over. — and  in  being  thus. — 
We  settle  back  again  and  view  our  part: 
Miles  of  Dead — And  more  of  Living — 
Closer  bound  by  far  than  any  instrumfut 
Could  ever  hope  to  measure. 
Brothers  all:  and  as  Our  (ioddess  so  demands. 
So  have  they  found — as  have  1  found  what  I  sought. 
And  learned  the  world's  big  secret. 
That  no  division  could  hold  higher. 
Seventy-Seven  gave  me  truth; 
1  found  its  Spirit. 


38 


PHASE  IV 


Along  the  Vesle 

HE  time  had  come  to  leave  the  'training  sector."  Speculation  was  rife. 
Where  were  they  going!>  Chateau  Thierry?  Siberia.^  Italy? — even  the 
Philippines  were  included  in  the  roster  of  possible  destinations.  Rumors  ran 
riot.  There  were  two  exceptional  specimens  of  logical  deduction  rampant 
in  the  rank  and  file  at  that  time,  which,  placed  one  against  the  other,  brought 
one  to  a  dead  halt,  and  obhged  one  to  start  anew  on  one"s  calculations. 

"This  Division,"  said  Buck  Private,  "is  in  for  a  lot  of  action.     It  has 
political  influences  behind  it.     It  contains  a  host  of  men  prominent  in  the  busi- 
ness, political  and  social  circles  of  the  nation's  greatest  city.     They  are  all 
;,^j^  anxious  to  make  a  name  for  themselves  and  to  get  themselves  tons  of  glory. 
We  are  going  to  a  hot  sector,  you  bet!" 

"Mais  non,  this  Division,"  argued  Bugler  Jones,  "will  never  see  action.  It  has  poUtical  in- 
fluence behind  it.  It  contains  a  host  of  men  prominent  in  the  business,  political  and  social  hfe 
of  the  nation's  greatest  city.  The  nation  can't  afl'ord  to  lose  them.  This  Division  wifl  never  see 
any  action.     We're  needed  at  the  Mexican  Border." 

By  August  1st,  the  Division  was  again  in  motion.  The  Infantry  hiked  to  Charmes,  the  Ar- 
tillery to  Bayon  by  easy  stages  for  entrainment.     Doubts  of  the  nature  of  the  railroad  journey 


They  Hiked  Always  by  i\'iglil 

[39] 


were  dispelled,  by  the  presence,  on  flat-cars  on  each  train,  of  anti-aircraft  machine  guns.  Chateau 
Thierry — it  was  to  be!  It  began  to  dawn  upon  the  men  in  the  trains  wlien  they  passed  Bar-le-Duc, 
with  sand-bags  on  its  station  platform,  and  with  places  along  the  road  marked  "Abri — 60  Per- 
sonnes"'  or  "Cave — 50  Personnos"  and  the  like.     They  were  going  west,  and  northwest,  parallel 

with  the  front.  The  77th  was  on  the  way 
to  real  war:  it  became  more  evident  when  all 
along  the  line  the  train  passed  great  hangars, 
elephantine  railway  guns  on  sidings,  and  French 
camps  of  all  kinds.  Hospital  trains,  trains 
with  French  soldiers  coming  and  going  were 
passed  at  frequent  intervals,  and  a  hurried 
word  shouted  from  one  to  the  other  showed 
the  77th  that  these  men  were  battle-bound 
too,  for  some  of  them  were  veterans  of  many 
fights.  The  Division  was  hurrying  along  on 
one  of  the  great  arteries  that  fed  the  battle- 
fields. 

Valley  of  the  Vesle  Detrainment.  after  a  ride  of  some  forty- 

eight  hours,  was  by  night — and  then  followed 
the  approach  toward  the  ^  esle.  The  impression  of  much  of  the  country  in  those  parts,  to  many 
of  the  men.  was  onlv  blackness — for  thev  hiked  alwavs  bv  night. 


THE  VESLE 

"Lorraine  was  only  a  boxing  match,  but  the  Vesle,  that  was  a  real  fist-fight,"  is  the  epigram 
made  by  an  officer  of  the  77th  Division  in  speaking  of  the  Vesle.  "The  Hell-hole  \  alley  of  the 
Vesle,"  the  doughboy  soon  learned  to  call  it,  from  experience.  At  the  ^  esle.  the  77th  Division  had 
its  first  real  tussle  with  modern  warfare,  for  it  found  itself  face  to  face  with  the  Prussian  of  the 
old  days,  the  Boche  who  then  still  harbored  his  fond  dreams  of  world-dominion.  He  had  received 
a  severe  rebuff  at  Chateau  Thierry,  but  it  was  only  his  line  that  had  been  broken,  not  his  spirit  as 
yet.  The  A'esle  he  chose  as  a  breath-getting  place — and  aided  by  the  natural  protection  of  the  broad 
valley,  through  which  the  river  flowed,  he  was  able  to  gather  his  punctured  forces,  to  mass  his 
artillery,  hastily  to  rush  up  reinforcements,  and  to  postpone  the  time  of  his  final  rout  for  the  brief 
span  of  a  few  months. 

The  Vesle  is  not  much  to  look  at;  a  narrow,  muddy,  snake-like,  sluggish-flowing  stream  winding 
through  a  partly  wooded  valley  with  more  or  less  steeply  inclining  ridges  on  both  sides.  As  a 
river,  it  little  deserves  the  name,  but  as  an  obstacle  to  the  passage  of  our  troops,  it  proved  more 
valuable  to  the  Germans  than  a  hundred  dozen  tons  of  barbed  wire.  .\  mifitary  report  on  the 
topography  of  the  valley  states: — 

"The  River  ^  esle  has  an  average  width  of  nine  meters  and  an  average  depth  of  two  meters 
and  twenty  centimeters  (about  thirty  feet  wide  and  ten  feet  deep).  Opposite  our  Corps  front 
the  average  depth  is  probably  not  over  one  and  one-half  meters,  with  the  exception  of  deep  water- 
holes. 

"The  widest  part  opposite  our  Division  sector  is  fifty  feet  near  the  main  bridge.  The  banks 
are  practically  straight,  and  in  some  places  are  as  high  as  five  feet  from  the  surface  of  the  water. 
On  the  Division  front,  the  general  contour  of  the  ground  slopes  down  from  Hill  210  southwest  of 
Mont  Saint  Martin.     About  three  kilometers  south  of  the  ^"esle,  the  ground  slopes  very  steeply. 

"Opposite  the  153d  Brigade  of  Infantry,  the  Vesle  runs  through  a  flat,  open  country;  and 
opposite  the  western  half  of  the  15 1th  Infantry  Brigade,  along  open,  flat  country.  Numerous  small 
bridges  have  been  located  across  the  river,  possible  for  Infantry  use." 

The  (lermans  had  established  themselves  on  the  north  bank  of  the  little  stream,  in  many  places 
throwing  spiked  contrivances  wound  with  barbed  wire  into  the  water,  making  it  difficult  to  ford 
or  swim.  Bazoches  and  Fismes,  both  important  points  on  the  railroad  which  runs  through  the 
valley,  foUowing  the  river's  course,  were  in  the  hands  of  the  Germans.     The  Americans  held  as 

[40  1 


out-posts  across  the  Vesle,  the  outskirts  of  Bazoches  and  of  the  Chateau  du  Diable.  Boche  artillery 
was  concentrated  in  the  valley  of  Perles  and  Vauxcere,  with  the  heavy  guns  north  in  the  draws 
near  Barbonval.     Toward  the  Aisne  was  additional  artillery. 

The  front  lines  of  the  sector  assigned  to  the  77th  Division  extended  parallel  to  the  river,  from 
Mont  Notre  Dame,  St.  Thibaut,  and  through  Villesavoye  in  the  direction  of  Fismes;  with  the  vil- 
lages of  Mont  Saint  Martin  and  Chery-Chartreuve  in  the  rear.  The  Artillery  positions  were  scat- 
tered in  the  area  behind  Hill  210,  along  both  sides  of  the  main  road  leading  back  to  Fere-en-Tarden- 
ois,  via  Chery-C'hartreuve  and  Mareuil-en-Dole. 


TAKING  OYER  THE  SECTOR 

The  divisions  which  liad  participated  in  the  Chateau  Thierry  counter-offensive  had  been  re- 
lieved by  the  62d  French  Division  and  by  the  4th  Division  of  Americans.  Through  the  areas 
just  cleared  of  (lermans,  the  77th  was  being  rushed — the  infantry  in  camions  via  Fere-en-Tardenois, 
and  the  artillery  by  night  marches  through  Chateau  Thierry.  Chateau  Thierry,  once  magnificent, 
now  mutilated,  stood  a  mute  evidence  of  the  terrible  scenes  of  only  a  few  weeks  before.  From  there 
on,  the  77th,  new  to  the  game,  received  a  pre-taste  of  the  ruin  and  wreck  of  war.  Battered  build- 
ings, shell-marked  roads,  scattered  equipment,  carcasses  of  animals,  freshly  dug  graves,  with  the 
hundred  and  one  odors  of  the  battlefields,  forewarned  the  men  from  New  York  that  this  promised 
to  be  no  gentlemen's  war.  And  toward  these  desolate,  war-torn  woods  and  villages  came  echoes 
of  the  \  alley  of  the  Vesle:  to  the  ears  of  the  Infantry  rushing  from  Fere-en-Tardenois,  and 
to  those  of  the  Artillery,  rattling  and  clanking  along  from  Chateau  Thierry  through  the  white  dust 
of  the  rutted  roads,  came  the  full,  distant,  thunderous  " boom-boom-boora "  of  the  "heavies." 
And  ever  nearer  drew  that  sound,  until,  mingling  with  the  roar  of  General  Mangin's  army  further 
north,  it  became  a  terrible  drumming. 

Division  Headquarters  moved  into  Chateau  Bruyere,  also  called  the  Chateau  de  Fere,  on  the 
main  road  between  Fere-en-Tardenois  and  Mareuil-en-Dole.  The  ancient  chateau  stands  on  a 
gently  sloping  hill,  so  that  one  side  is  a  full  story  higher  than  the  other. 

When  Division  Headquarters  occupied  this  building,  it  had  been  but  recently  evacuated  by 

German  troops  and  was  in  bad  condition.    .Inside  and  out,  there  were  piles  of  rubbish  and  dirt, 

abandoned  ammunition  and  equipment,  and  all  the  signs  of  careless  living  and  hasty  evacuation. 

Traces  of  the  ancient  splendor  of  the  chateau  in  the  form  of  a  handsomely  framed  mirror,  a 

bit  of  porcelain,  or  a  beautifully  carved  fu-eplace,  gave  one  the  sensation  of  living  in  the  lap  of  luxury. 

To  be  sure,  this  sensation  was  entirely  dispelled  on  as- 
cending to  the  living-rooms,  where  officers  spread  their 
bedding-rolls  on  the  floor  and  hoped  they  had  chosen 
a  spot  where  the  roof  did  not  leak  too  copiously. 

At  night,  it  was  almost  weird  to  hear  the  droning 
of  the  enemy  planes  overhead,  and  to  wait  for   the 


chateau   Thierr 


Maijnificenl,  Noiv  Mulilaled,  Shod  a  Mule  Evidence  uf  Ihe  Terrible  Scenes  of 
Only  a  Few  Weeks  Before 


41 


Ileadquarlers,  7/ lit  Division 

moment  when  they  should  drop  a  bomb  on  the  chateau,  which,  especially  on  moonUght  nights, 
ofTered  such  a  shining  mark.  But  never  a  single  bomb  struck  the  building,  although  a  day- 
light bomb  aimed  for  a  truck  splashed  into  the  tiny  lake  of  the  grounds  one  day,  and  threw  a  gey- 
ser in  exploding.  Here,  for  several  weeks.  Division  Headquarters  lived  and  functioned,  while  the 
doughboys  and  the  artillerymen  hammered  the  Boche  along  the  \'esle.  and  finally  crossed  and  started 
in  pursuit  of  him. 

Brigade,  Regimental  and  Battalion  Headquarters  of  the  Division's  component  organizations 
were  always  placed,  as  far  as  practicable,  in  locations  where  they  were  thought  to  be  compara- 
tively free  from  molestation,  so  that  executive  and  administrative  work  could  be  performed  with  a 
degree  of  continuity.  The  strictest  of  camouflage  discipline  had  to  be  maintained  about  such  places. 
These  places  were  often  shelled  so  heavily  that  organizations  were  forced  to  shift.  Headquarters 
of  the  153d  Infantry  Brigade  was  located  in  La  Tuillerie  Ferme,  south  of  CheryChartreuve,  and 
for  a  time  at  Chartreuve  Ferme.  In  Mllesavoye,  the  305th  Machine  Gun  Battalion  P.  C.  changed 
position  three  times  within  the  confines  of  the  village,  while  at  the  Ferme  de  Dames  the  305th  and 
306th  Infantry  P.  C.  were  under  constant  fire. 

The  Artillery  relief  was  made  some  time  later  than  the  Infantry  rehef,  owing  to  the  fact  that 
the  Artillery  had  liiked.  The  Infantry  was  ordered  on  August  10th,  while  the  Artillery  pulled  its 
last  gun  into  position  the  night  of  the  17th.  The  77th  "caught  the  sector  on  the  fly,"  with  very 
little  time  given  to  tliink  or  plan  over  the  catch.  "Voila, "  said  the  62d  French.  "Bon  Soir, " 
echoed  the  4th — and  we  saw  very  little  of  them  after  that. 

A  division  of  French  held  the  sector  to  the  77th"s  left,  while  the  28th  Division  of  Pennsylvanians 
were  on  the  right.  Opposing  the  Division  during  this  time,  and  the  subsequent  advance,  were  the 
17th,  29th  and  216th  Divisions  of  the  regular  German  Army,  and  the  4th  Prussian  Guards,  a  stout 
array  for  one  American  division,  new  raised  into  the  brood  of  Mars,  to  handle. 

The  night  of  the  lOth-llth,  the  first  rehef  of  the  153d  Brigade  attempted  to  reach  the  lines  by 
marching  in  single  file,  about  ten  feet  apart,  through  the  woods  north  of  Chery-Chartreuve,  that 
village  being  under  continuous  gas  and  high-explosive  bombardment  by  77's  and  105's.     So  in- 


42] 


tense  was  the  enemy  artillery  fire  on  the  crest  beyond  the  village  that  it  was  deemed  advisable 
not  to  effect  the  relief  that  night.     The  Infantry  for  the  first  time  "dug  in." 

"Digging  in"  at  the  front  meant  one  thing.  Each  man  would  dig  himself,  as  fast  as  he  could, 
a  hole  suitable  to  his  size,  either  into  the  flat  surface  of  the  ground  or  into  a  protecting  bank,  into 
which  he  would  crawl,  maintaining  a  sitting  posture  or  prone  position  according  to  the  nature  of 
the  terrain.  A  shell,  in  exploding,  throws  its  fragments  upward  and  outward  at  a  considerable  angle, 
and  these  fragments  sometimes  travel  for  hundreds  of  feet  before  they  finally  strike  the  ground. 
A  shell  may  burst  close  to  a  funk-hole,  as  the  pit  is  called,  and  still  not  injure  the  occupant,  while  a 
man  standing  upright  in  the  same  location  would  be  struck  by  a  fragment  in  its  upward  path.  In 
filtering  toward  the  front  lines,  along  a  road  with  banks  on  the  side,  our  men  often  scooped  queer 
little  tunnels  into  the  embankment  and  dug  a  funk-hole  in  it  beside.  This  scheme  worked  very 
well  and  afforded  good  protection  against  everything  but  a  direct  hit.  "  Everything  is  bomb-proof 
until  it  is  hit,"  was  a  popular  saying  among  the  troops. 

After  the  relief  had  been  effected  successfully,  the  night  following  the  first  attempt,  the  men 
began  to  grasp  an  idea  of  the  varied  assortment  of  "stuff"  sent  over  by  the  Boche.  Everything 
is  "stuff"  at  the  front.  It's  light  stuff  or  heavy  stuff,  slow  stuff"  or  fast  stuff;  but  all  of  it  is  un- 
deniably mean  stuff. 

Here  was  a  course  in  the  ethics  of  high-explosive  society.  When  a  whizzbang  makes  an  after- 
noon call,  it  whistles  first,  then  knocks;  and  the  best  manner  in  which  to  receive  it  is  by  lying  prone 
on  the  stomach.  The  acquaintance  of  other  fast  company  was  made.  Herr  Whizzbang  brought 
along  his  "lady-friend,"  Minnie  Werfer,  whose  custom  it  was  first  to  burst  into  the  most  un- 
couth of  caterwaulings,  and  then  into  splinters.  The  minenwerfers  were  known  as  "Iron  Mer- 
maids," because  of  the  fish-like  tails  that  keep  them  straight  on  their  course.  They  are  pe- 
culiarly disconcerting,  as  they  come  through  the  air  with  a  wailing  sob-like  whistle,  something 
like  a  mixture  of  a  locomotive  whistle  and  siren,  and  they  are  hard  to  "judge."  That  is,  it  is  diffi- 
cult to  determine  where  they  will  land.  The  whizzbang  travels  at  a  liigh  velocity,  and  the  noise 
of  the  exploding  shell  is  almost  coincident  with  the  shrill  whistle  that  announces  its  coming.  "  Tons- 
of-Coal,"  "Jack  Johnsons,"  "G.  I.  Cans,"  and  "Whimpering  Willies,"  are  some  of  the  names 


43 


Slops  for  Ch'.jw 


adopted  for  the  German  long-range  greetings— the  eight-inch  and  ten-inch  howitzer  and  rifle  shells 
which  make  craters  as  large  as  eighteen  feet  in  diameter  and  ten  feet  in  depth.  The  "G.  I.  Can" 
is  so  named  after  the  galvanized  iron  cans  used  in  army  camps. 

But  this  was  not  all  the  ^>sle  had  to  offer  the  men  of  the  77th  Division.  There  were  air- 
plane bombs  and  machine  guns,  hand-grenades,  rifle  bullets,  flame-throwers  and  gas  sheUs.  These 
dangers  grew  more  treacherous  by  night,  and  were  made  still  more  unpleasant  by  the  sultry  wea- 
ther of  those  hot  August  days.  In  this  set- 
ting, fierce  hand-to-hand  encounters  occurred. 
Under  these  conditions,  the  153d  Infantry 
Brigade  was  holding  part  of  the  line  on  the 
\  esle.  The  system  of  reUefs  was  typical  of 
Infantry  reUefs  in  the  American  Army.  It 
kept  troops  of  all  the  units  of  the  Brigade 
ctmstantly  in  action,  while  parts  of  these  units 
were  at  the  same  time  in  reserve  and  support. 
A  Battalion  of  Infantry  consists  of  four  Com- 
panies. The  Second  Battahon  of  the  308th 
relieved  a  battalion  of  the  305th  with  orders 
to  have  two  companies  across  the  river  along 
the  railroad  track.  The  remauiing  two  com- 
panies were  kept  in  support,  one  near  the  Tan- 
nerie,  and  the  other  on  a  hillside  south  of 
\'iUesavoye.  As  the  Second  Battalion  went 
into  the  out-post  zone,  the  Third  and  First 
BattaUons  of  the  308th  moved  into  support  position  on  a  line  running  east  and  west  through 
Mont  Saint  Martin  and  about  two  kilometers  north  of  Chery-Chartreuve.  The  Third  Battahon 
then  held  the  right  half  of  this  line  with  a  Post  of  Command  in  a  small  quarry  near  La  Pres  Ferme, 
while  the  First  Battalion  held  the  left.  Later  the  Second  Battahon  was  reheved  by  the  Third 
Battahon,  and  the  former  marched  back  to  a  position  in  Pisotte  Forest,  north  and  east  of  Nesles, 
where  it  gained  a  comparative  rest,  though  enemy  artillery  always  fired  on  the  woods.  The  307th 
Infantry  then  foflowed  a  like  rotation. 

During  one  rehef,  when  the  306th  was  going  out  of  Mont  Notre  Dame,  Sing  Kee,  a  Chinese, 
operated  a  message  center  in  that  village  while  the  Germans  were  bombarding  and  gassing  it  at 
the  rate  of  thirty  shells  a  minute.  His  companions  were  wounded  one  by  one  and,  though  gassed 
himself,  Sing  Kee  refused  to  leave  his  post,  but  ran  the  message  center  alone  for  twenty-four  hours. 
It  was  only  one  more  evidence  of  the  fact  that  in  the  cosmopoUtan  composition  of  the  Division 
lay  its  strength.  The  twenty-four  hours  of  courage  and  endurance  won  for  Sing  Kee  a  Distinguished 
Service  Cross. 

A  patrol  of  one  officer  and  two  men  stumbled  over  a  perfectly  innocent-looking  shell-hole  on 
the  night  of  August  loth,  and  found  in  it  two  Germans  with  auto  rifles,  hand-grenades,  and  two  other 
rifles  stacked  against  the  sides  of  the  hole.  It  was  a  well-hidden  sniper's  post.  A  hand-to-hand 
struggle  ensued:  one  German  was  wounded,  and  the  other  escaped.  Ten  minutes  later  the  light 
artiUery  was  fiUing  that  region  with  gas  and  liigh  explosive,  for  it  was  thought  that  other  shell- 
holes  in  the  vicinity  were  undoubtedly  being  used  for  the  same  purpose.  Such  were  the  encounters 
in  the  Valley  of  the  Vesle.  It  was  not  a  struggle  of  masses;  it  was  the  tussle  of  man  with 
man. 

The  night  of  August  22d.  the  Germans  put  down  a  barrage  of  high-explosive  shells  and  gas  which 
was  meant  to  sweep  the  entire  front  lire.  At  one  point,  where  the  line  crossed  the  railroad  track,  a 
detachment  of  Germans  stole  up  through  the  cut  and  attacked  fifty  men  of  I  and  K  Companies  of 
the  308th  Infantry  with  "flammenwerfer."  The  bright  yellow  light  thrown  by  the  flaming  spray 
of  the  projectors  iUuminated  the  surroundings  as  in  mid-day  and  caused  each  man  to  stand  out 
like  an  actor  behind  the  foot-lights  of  a  stage.  Machine  guns  of  both  sides  teak  advantage  of  the 
betraying  light;  in  fact,  the  Germans  had  brought  some  of  them  through  the  cut  to  support  the 
flame-throwers.     But  the  life  of  a  "flammenwerfer"  is  short.     The  little  band  of  fifty,  by  taking 


44 


cover  in  the  brush  at  the  sides  of  the  cut  and  crawhng  through  the  ditches,  routed  the  enemy  and 
took  twelve  of  them  prisoners. 

Under  the  raking  fire  of  enemy  machine-guns,  and  subject  to  relentless  sniping,  the  302d  En- 
gineers worked  each  night  on  the  bridges  crossing  the  Vesle,  to  make  them  passable  for  the  In- 
fantry. Such  activity  had  to  be  carried  on  with  extreme  caution,  as  even  the  sound  of  pick  and 
shovel,  in  the  quiet  of  a  night  lull,  prompted  a  stream  of  machine-gun  and  artillery  fire.  Many 
were  the  times  when  the  Engineers,  surprised  at  work,  dug  in  for  life.  At  still  other  times  they 
joined  the  Infantry  in  repelling  some  raiding  party. 

While  the  Infantry,  Machine  (nms  and  Engineers  faced  these  conditions  close  by  the  river, 
the  .301th,  305th  and  306th  Field  Artillery  were  pounding  away  farther  to  the  rear.  The  304th  and 
and  305th  Light  Artillery,  using  the  famous  French  75  (corresponding  to  our  three-inch  rifle),  were 
emplaced  behind  the  first  crest  which  commanded  the  Vesle,  while  the  306th,  with  155  Howitzers 
(a  short  gun  of  about  six-inch  caliber  with  a  high  angle  of  fire),  had  its  pieces  tucked  into  patches  of 
woods,  under  trees,  and  in  open  field  positions,  artificially  camouflaged,  to  the  rear  of  Chery- 
Chartreuve. 

Scarcely  an  inch  of  ground  was  there  which  was  not  fired  upon  by  some  kind  of  German  gun. 
The  Boche  has  a  nasty  habit  of  moving  his  guns  about  and  of  changing  his  targets  from  hour  to  hour. 
A  well-known  war  correspondent  writes: — 

"The  communiques  of  those  days  invariably  read — 'Artillery  activity  along  the  sector.  Noth- 
ing else  to  report. '  The  strain  of  holding  a  stationary  sector  for  days  is  always  greater  than  that 
produced  in  an  advance,  and  the  casualties  incurred  are  always  many.  There  exists  none  of  the 
exuberance  and  spirit  of  a  great  battle,  but  there  is  all  the  strain  and  drudgery. " 

The  main  highway  leading  to  the  rear  was  under  constant  observation  by  eight  enemy  balloons, 
which  could  be  seen  hanging  lazily  against  the  clouds  five  miles  to  the  enemy's  rear.  Despite  this 
fact,  the  302d  Ammunition  Train  and  302d  Supply  Train  often  sent  forward  material  for  both 
Infantry  and  Artillery  during  the  daylight  hours.  Enemy  sniper  batteries  lost  no  opportunities  to 
fire  at  the  trucks.  On  our  side,  the  "traveling  salesmen"  or  Corps  Artillery,  which  moved  from 
place  to  place  in  the  sector,  often  changing  position  three  or  four  times  a  night,  sniped  at  the  enemy. 
The  sentry  of  the  302d  Military  Police,  who  was  directing  the  endless  night  traffic  at  the  Dole 
cross-roads,  which  was  heavily  shelled  every  night,  jumped  into  the  air  about  six  feet  one  morning, 
when  a  thunderous  report  shattered  his  ear  close  by.  A  "traveling  salesman"  had  moved  in 
close  to  his  post,  and  was  "selling  iron  cigars,"  as  he  put  it,  when  he  recovered. 

Shells  played  a  number  of  queer  tricks.  Most  mysterious  are  those  which  did  not  explode 
at  all,  the  "duds."  A  dud  comes  over  with  all  the  pomp,  ceremony  and  animation  of  a  regular 
shell,  then  suddenly  loses  all  ambition,  and  lands  with  a  dull,  unsatisfying  thud.  The  failure  of  a 
dud  to  explode  sometimes  depends  only  upon  the  movement  of  a  tiny  spring  attached  to  the  fuse, 
so  that  men  are  warned  always  to  be  careful  in  the  vicinity  of  a  dud.  "You  all  cain't  tell  me  that 
that  boy  ain't  gonna  go  off  some  time,"  a  Kentucky  lad  on  the  way  from  La  Pres  Ferme  to  Mont 
Saint  Martin  told  his  associates  one  day,  while  passing  a  dud  on  the  road,  "He's  only  playin' 
possum!" 

Beginning  August  30th,  our  Artillery  placed  a  destructive  fire  on  Bazoches,  that  did  not  cease 
until  September  4th,  when  the  Germans  retreated.  All  day  and  all  night,  gas  and  high-explosive 
shells  were  sent  hurtling  into  the  town  and  the  railroad  sheds,  and  as  most  of  the  observation  was 
accomplished  from  Infantry  Observation  Posts,  scarcely  a  shell  missed  its  mark.  The  town  was 
hammered,  stone  from  stone,  until  by  the  4th  of  September,  no  buildings,  and  only  part  of  the 
church,  were  at  all  intact. 

IN  THE  AIB 

In  the  air,  the  enemy  were  much  in  evidence.  It  was  at  a  period  when  the  L^nited  States  had 
not  set  its  air  program  into  full  operation,  while  the  French  and  British  were  hard  put  to  it  to  lend 
what  planes  they  could  spare.  The  Boche  would  take  almost  any  chances,  even  going  so  far  as  to 
circle  over  the  American  pieces  on  bright  sunny  days,  directing  the  fire  of  the  German  guns  with 
great  accuracy.  Those  were  the  days  when  the  "under  cover"  whistle  was  heard  frequently,  and 
when  guns  had  to  cease  firing  for  minutes  at  a  time  so  as  not  to  betray  their  positions. 

[45] 


liirdseye  \  tcir  uf  Bazuches 


Ruins  of  Bazuches — The  Resutl  of  77lh  Division's    \rlillery  Fire 

I  16  1 


Chery-Chartreuve  was  bombed  frequently  with  small  bombs,  as  were  Chateau  Ferme  and  other 
buildings  in  the  vicinity;  and  to  the  west  of  Chery,  there  is  a  large  volcano-like  crater  over  sixty 
feet  across  and  fifteen  feet  deep,  made  by  the  largest  of  "G.  I.  Cans."  The  entire  152d  Brigade, 
which  was  tented  in  Nesles  Wood,  the  night  of  August  15th,  preparatory  to  moving  into  position, 
was  subjected  to  aerial  bombardment  twice  that  night. 

There  are  men  in  the  77th  who  would  rather  dodge  machine-gun  bullets  and  shells  mixed  up 
in  pleasing  proportions  than  listen  to  the  ominous,  galloping  hum  of  a  Boche  bomber  in  the  air  on 
a  bright  moonlight  night.  One  can  hear  him  coming  from  afar,  until  that  "hum-hum-hum"  seems 
as  though  it  must  be  directly  over  one.  Then  comes  a  resounding  crash,  with  no  previous  sound  or 
warning  whistle  at  all — then  another,  and  two  or  three  more,  all  in  a  string,  rocking  the  ground  for 
miles.  The  delicate,  silver-white  fingers  of  searchlights  grope  the  heavens  for  the  monster,  while 
machine  guns  and  anti-aircraft  pieces  shatter  the  air.  Tiny  balls  of  fire,  shrapnel  bursting  thou- 
sands of  yards  from  the  earth,  mock  the  moon  and  stars. 

On  the  front  line,  airmen  flew  low  over  the  Infantry  positions,  firing  their  machine  guns  on 
the  men  below.  Again,  planes  would  send  back  data  regarding  the  activity  of  a  few  men  in  an  ex- 
posed spot,  and  a  sniper  battery  immediately  started  firing  on  them.  Even  one  man  would  draw 
a  shrapnel  shell  from  the  Boche.  But  for  every  shell  fired  at  the  77th,  the  Division  was  assured 
by  its  commander,  two  were  being  fired  in  return,  and  the  consolation  always  took  form  in  the 
words,  "Well,  he's  getting  it  twice  as  badly  as  we  are." 

Communication  with  friendly  airplanes  directing  movements  and  fire  was  by  means  of  panels 
of  white  cloth  spread  on  the  ground.  Planes  were  able  to  send  radio  messages  to  the  ground  sta- 
tion, but  to  reciprocate  was  found  impracticable,  so  this  slow  panel  system  had  to  be  employed. 

The  observation  balloons,  floating  above  the  trees  just  beyond  Nesles  Wood,  behind  Dole, 
were  fued  upon,  August  12th,  point  blank  by  German  artillery.  The  fragment  of  a  shell  punc- 
tured the  gas-bag  of  one,  forcing  the  observer  to  parachute  to  the  earth.  Shortly  before  noon  of 
the  same  day,  the  balloon  patrol  of  three  planes  about  the  other  balloon  warned  the  winch-men  that 
an  enemy  flier  was  approaching.  "Archies"  opened  up  on  the  Boche,  but  he  was  already  circling 
and  dodging  above  the  sausage.  He  made  a  spectacular  series  of  dives,  dipped,  and  sent  a  destroy- 
ing phosphorus  bomb  into  the  balloon.  The  observer  leaped  into  space,  while  the  Boche  gaUoped 
away. 

On  the  night  of  August  27th,  a  raid  against  Bazoches  was  carried  out.  With  the  support  of 
the  Artillery,  the  Infantry  outdid  itself  in  acts  of  individual  heroism,  bravery  and  courage.  The 
plan  was  to  attack  the  village,  and  then  to  hold  it  from  the  flanks  with  a  platoon  of  Infantry  and  two 
heavy  machine  guns  in  position  on  each  of  the  four  outlying  corners  of  the  town.  To  the  east  of  the 
village,  the  15 1th  Brigade  was  to  be  extended  along  the  railroad  track  until  its  left  flank  reached 
the  woods  lying  to  the  south  of  the  railroad.  A  company  of  Infantry,  a  detachment  of  Engineers 
and  Divisional  ArtiUery  were  to  accomplish  this  task.  Machine-gun  Battalions  were  to  be  used 
in  support. 

The  night  of  the  raid  was  warm  and  clear,  but  almost  pitch-dark,  except  for  the  light  thrown 
by  the  twinkling  of  stars  in  a  sky  that  was  almost  indigo.  Long  before  daylight,  the  Artillery  began 
laying  a  heavy  box  barrage  around  Bazoches.  Behind  them,  the  Infantry  heard  the  reassuring  roar 
of  the  "lights"  and  "heavies,"  their  cannoneers  toiling,  and  before  them  the  still  more  encourag- 
ing "crash-crump"  of  the  shells  bursting  in  Bazoches.  A  counter-barrage  was  laid  by  the  Boche, 
and  the  din  grew  to  be  ear-splitting.  Bockets  and  lights  shot  up  against  the  dark  sky  from  both 
sides,  illuminating  the  landscape  for  miles  about.  Shortly  before  dawn,  the  Infantry  went  forward. 
Machine  guns,  Chauchat  rifles  and  grenades  added  their  rattle  and  crash  to  the  uproar.  One  of 
the  riots  in  the  Hell-hole  of  the  Vesle  was  in  full  swing.  This  little  action  is  a  record  of  supreme 
sacrifice  on  the  part  of  many  men  in  the  77th. 

As  the  platoons  of  Infantry  advanced  toward  Bazoches,  it  was  most  difficult  to  maintain 
communication,  and  detachments  had  no  other  way  in  which  to  keep  contact,  except  by  runner. 
While  delivering  a  message  from  306th  Infantry  Headquarters  to  an  advanced  platoon.  Corporal 
James  J.  McDonald  was  caught  in  a  barrage  of  high-explosive  shells  and  machine-gun  fire,  and  fell, 
wounded.  He  was  picked  up  by  a  party  of  Germans  and  taken  to  an  advanced  dressing  station, 
where  his  wounds  were  bound  by  a  German  surgeon.     McDonald,  who  was  recuperating,  watched 

[47  1 


his  chance,  and  in  the  confusion  attendant  upon  the  bringing  in  of  some  more  German  wounded,  he 
slipped  out  of  the  dugout  in  which  the  station  was  located.  By  ducking  into  shell-holes,  and  taking 
cover  whenever  he  heard  a  movement,  he  recrossed  to  our  lines,  bearing  information,  which  he  had 
overheard  in  the  dugout,  that  the  enemy  intended  to  surprise  and  capture  two  of  the  American 
platoons.     His  information  was  immediately  acted  upon,  and  the  platoons  were  reinforced. 

At  about  four  o'clock  the  same  morning.  Company  G,  306th  Infantry,  was  forced  to  lie  flat  for 
five  minutes  when  the  Germans  threw  up  flares,  by  the  light  of  which  they  send  hand-grenades  into 
the  men.  The  flares  binned  out.  A  hundred  yards  further  on  a  stream  of  machine-gun  bullets 
met  the  men,  and  they  crawled  for  some  distance  until  they  reached  the  outskirts  of  the  \  illage. 
Four  Germans  jumped  up  from  the  cover  of  a  machine-gun  nest,  threw  up  their  hands  and  shouted, 
"Kamerad."  Sergeant  Frederick  Stouke,  then  a  private,  and  another  man  ran  forward  to  take 
them  prisoners.  Two  ran  off.  Stouke  killed  one,  but  the  other  escaped.  Then  for  ten  minutes 
they  held  the  other  two  at  the  point  of  the  pistol,  under  heavy  machine-gun  fire,  and  started  to  crawl 
back  to  Company  Headquarters.  So  intense  was  the  fire  that  Stouke  sought  shelter  behind  a  wood- 
en barrack  with  his  two  prisoners.  Most  of  his  equipment  had  been  shot  from  him  and  the  man 
helping  had  become  separated  from  the  party.  The  Germans  kept  firing  at  that  barrack  all  day  long, 
and  it  was  not  until  eight  o'clock  that  night  that  Stouke  found  a  chance  to  move.  Meanwhile  the 
Boche,  under  cover  of  darkness,  set  fire  to  the  barrack,  and  one  of  the  prisoners  made  his  escape 
during  the  excitement.  Stouke  overpowered  the  other,  who  made  as  though  to  help  his  comrade, 
threw  him  across  his  shoulders,  and  began  the  weary  tramp  to  Headquarters  once  more.  Bullets 
sang  all  about  him.  His  prisoner  was  shot  in  the  face.  He  finally  reached  the  railroad  track,  and 
stumbled  into  Headquarters  with  the  wounded  Boche. 

Water  was  often  the  main  need  in  fighting  during  those  hot  August  days.  "Bring  as  few  men 
as  possible,  with  water,"  read  one  hasty  message  sent  back  by  a  detachment  of  the  .308th 
Infemtry. 

The  raid  on  Bazoches  was  supplemented  by  firing  from  Stokes  mortars,  and  by  a  thermit 
attack  launched  by  the  30th  Engineers.  The  mortar  filled  Bazoches  with  smoke,  screening  the 
operations  from  the  enemy,  while  ninety  thermit-projectors  threw  thermit  and  burning  oil  on  the 
road  north  of  Bazoches  and  on  Haute  Maisons,  above  the  village.  The  white-hot  thermit,  as  it 
was  thrown  in  all  directions  from  the  exploding  projectile,  made  a  great  pyrotechnic  display. 

In  the  companion  action  about  Fismes,  a  second  lieutenant  of  the  307th  Infantry  found  him- 
self and  his  company  suddenly  subjected  to  very  heavy  artillery  fire.  His  four  superior  officers 
had  become  casualties  and  the  company  was  severely  depleted.  The  lieutenant  rallied  his  shattered 
forces  and  led  an  attack  to  cover  the  flank  of  his  battalion,  so  that  it  was  able  to  strengthen  and 
consolidate  its  position. 

Of  like  nature  is  the  story  of  Corporal  Joseph  A.  IVIcAlHster,  who,  the  night  of  August  27th , 
led  his  squad  of  307th  Infantrymen  against  an  enemy  machine-gun  nest  at  Chateau  du  Diable 
near  Fismes.  After  all  his  men  had  been  wounded,  and  he  himself  was  suffering  from  wounds,  he 
withdrew,  collected  a  new  squad  of  men  about  him,  and  advanced  again  on  the  machine-gun  nest. 
He  was  driven  off  three  times.  Finally  he  and  his  little  squad  crawled  up  on  the  gun,  driving  off 
part  of  the  crew  and  killing  the  rest.  A  Distinguished  Service  Cross  fell  to  the  corporal  for  this 
action. 

LIAISON 

Liaison  of  every  nature  was  employed  at  the  Vesle,  for  communication  of  any^  kind  was  subject 
to  constant  interruption,  because  of  the  enemy's  excellent  observation.  The  telephone,  radio, 
runners,  dogs,  and  pigeons  were  used  as  the  conditions  warranted. 

In  the  Artiflery  the  runners  were  mounted,  in  the  Infantry  they  went  afoot.  "Poor  little 
devils"  the  British  were  wont  to  dub  these  fellows  who  wormed  and  squirmed  their  way  around  in 
the  trenches,  over  shell-torn  fields  and  through  tangled  woods.  One  runner  with  the  Infantry  was 
accustomed  to  taking  a  short-cut  in  going  from  Regimental  to  the  front  line.  One  day,  the  little 
runner  had  occasion  to  guide  a  lieutenant  through  the  path.  The  lieutenant  later  looked  up  the 
route  on  the  map  and  found  that  his  runner  had  been  crossing  "No  Man's  Land"  for  fully  half  a 
mile  every  night! 

[48] 


li\^ 


^:^,^^. 


'^eri'ici's    Were  Held  in  a  •Shell-lorn  iJiurch 


From  way  back  in  the  rear  somewhere,  to  the  very  advance  Unes,  telephone  communication 
is  kept  up  wherever  possible.  Telephone  men  at  the  front  used  to  pride  themselves  in  saying  that 
the  lowest  buck  private  in  the  trenches  could  get  a  direct  line  straight  through  to  General  Pershing 
at  G.  H.  Q.  Both  in  Infantry  and  Artillery,  men  went  out  night  and  day  to  connect  Unes  that  were 
broken  by  shell-fire.  A  lineman  from  the  .302d  Field  Signal  Battalion  on  one  occasion  found  his 
line  sagging  into  the  river,  with  not  a  bush  or  twig  near  to  tie  it  up.  The  dead  body  of  a  German 
was  the  only  object  that  broke  the  contour  of  the  land.  The  lineman  tied  the  wire  to  the  German 
to  keep  it  clear  of  the  river!  Often  telephone  men  had  to  feel  their  way  along  a  line  to  catch  the 
break,  and,  as  the  break  was  always  where  the  shells  were  bursting,  it  was  hazardous  work.  Heavily 
shelled  lines  had  to  be  dug  under,  or  laid  with  armored  cable.  Centrals  were  located  in  all  sorts 
of  shelter — in  desolate  buildings,  in  dugouts,  in  cellars,  caves,  and  sometimes  only  in  a  funk- 
hole. 

An  idea  of  telephone  work  at  the  front  can  be  obtained  by  following  a  few  of  the  experiences 
of  the  men  in  the  Field  Signal  Battalion.  Twenty  of  their  men  left  with  the  307th  Infantry  marched 
on  the  24th  of  August  to  a  little  valley  east  of  Chery-Chartreuve.  There,  in  a  hole  dug  in  the  side 
of  a  cUEF,  was  established  307th  Regimental  Headquarters,  known  as  "College  Point."  All  the 
Headquarters  had  code  names. 

There  was  one  line  here  that  was  especially  hard  to  keep  up.  The  station  was  in  a  cave  on  the 
north  slope  running  parallel  with  the  Vesle  river,  under  observation  by  Boche  balloons.  This 
field  was  shelled  so  heavily  that  it  was  necessary  to  run  six  lines  from  the  road  on  the  south  side 
of  the  hill  over  the  crest  and  down  the  side  of  the  hill  to  the  cave.  During  the  night,  the  line  could 
be  repaired,  but  it  was  useless  to  attempt  it  by  day ;  for  as  soon  as  a  lineman  made  his  appearance 
on  the  side  of  the  hill,  he  would  receive  a  salute  of  three-inch  shells  and  one-pounders.  If  they 
didn't  get  him,  they'd  get  the  lines.  One  man  was  blown  off  his  feet  but  not  injured,  while  digging 
a  trench  for  a  line,  and  almost  buried  in  the  trench  itself.  Another  party,  and  this  was  only  one  of 
many  sent  out,  was  harassed  for  several  hours  by  a  low-flying  plane  which  machine-gunned  it 
from  time  to  time,  as  a  cat  plays  with  mice. 

[49] 


Liaison  agents  had  many  wild  rides  along  the  highways  and  bj-ways  of  the  sector,  and  wlicrc 
horses  or  riding  mules  could  be  used,  these  agents  were  to  be  seen  trotting  from  position  to  posi- 
tion all  hours  of  the  twenty-four. 

Projector  and  semaphore,  upon  which  so  much  time  had  been  spent  in  training,  were  found 
more  or  less  impracticable.  Much  stranger  means  were  used.  French  message-dogs  proved  them- 
selves most  faithful  under  fire,  and  in  certain  instances  were  used  with  marked  success.  These 
dogs  were  kept  under  the  special  care  and  tutelage  of  just  two  men,  who  petted,  fondled  and  fed 
them.  During  an  action,  one  of  the  dog's  protectors  was  stationed  at  each  end  of  the  run.  The 
message  was  placed  in  a  thimble-like  arrangement  on  the  dog's  collar,  and  the  animal  was  started 
off.  Through  all  kinds  of  fire,  and  over  the  most  impassable  of  country,  these  Uttle  animals  would 
run,  to  come  in  panting  and  frightened  to  a  place  where  the  other  keeper  was  waiting  to  receive  them. 

Wliere  obstacle  prevented  the  passage  of  animals  and  men,  and  eliminated  the  laying  of  tele- 
phone lines,  pigeons  were  sent  out  from  portable  cages.  A  story  is  told  of  a  carrier  pigeon  wliich 
arrived  with  a  vital  message,  with  one  leg  shot  off  by  hostile  machine-gun  fire. 

It  was  Labor  Day,  September  2d,  that  a  doughboy  whispered  to  his  companion: 

"  Gee,  I  wish  we  could  make  that  Labor  Day  excursion  up  the  Hudson  with  the  folks  this  year!" 
And  then,  after  a  moment's  mournful  deliberation,  he  added,  "But  I  guess  a  little  raid  across  the 
Vesle  will  have  to  be  good  enough.  Hank. " 

Two  days  later  the  Boche  fled  toward  the  Aisne,  and  Hank,  and  the  whole  Division,  took 
"the  excursion  across  the  Vesle." 


[i50] 


L\  BRITTANY 

A  village  church, — a  clump  of  trees, — 

A  quaint  old  square, — the  hum  of  bees. 

A  herd  of  cows, — sun  shining  hot, — 

A  pig  or  two  in  the  chapel-plot. 

In  the  morning  shade, — a  child,  playing; 

The  church  within, — a  mother,  praying. 

A  troop  of  Yankees  passing  there : 

The  answer  to  child's  and  mother's  prayer. 


[51 


192      93       94      195      96       97       3&       99      200      01       GE      03      04     205      06      07      08      09    210 

n-^  Legend  ,0  .ikilo    ,z-Kim    .skilo    ,4kilo    ,5+ 

S]    Division  Po3T  CoMMflNU  ScAue 

C2=3Gray   -SecxoTi  BouNsnmes 
c=3Km4ki- Front    Lines 


■i^T?All_TI0AI3  ^_    -  Tl  I         I   ^     II         17  LI    IJJ  J 


Topo.,o-2.C,77  Div 


[52 


PHASE  V 


From  the  Vesle  to  the  Aisne 

HE  Division  advanced.  Almost  four  weeks  on  the  stationary  front  along  the 
Vesle  showed  that  the  Division  had  only  potentially  evidenced  itself.  In- 
dividual deeds  of  sacrifice,  of  heroism,  of  courage,  had  been  plainly  mani- 
fested. It  remained  only  to  coordinate  these  qualities  in  the  Division,  to 
consolidate  the  powers  of  the  parts  into  the  spirit  of  the  whole,  to  fit  the  cogs 
of  the  wheels  so  that  all  would  contribute  to  the  energy  of  the  machine.  Major- 
(ieneral  Robert  Alexander  took  command  of  the  Division  at  this  stage.  The 
well-proved  units  of  the  Division  were,  from  this  time  on,  moulded  by  him 
into  an  uncrushable  engine;  its  armor  the  unfailing  resolve  of  its  enlisted 
personnel ;  its  mechanism  the  courageous  leadership  of  its  ofiicers,  and  its  pilot — the  Major-General. 
The  advance  was  the  first  one  in  which  the  Division  had  participated.  It  was  hard  going, 
but  it  was  satisfying  work.  Every  man  knew  the  Boche  had  been  hammered  out  of  the  Vesle, 
knew  that  he  was  now  being  rewarded  for  the  weeks  of  waiting,  and  rejoiced  because  he  was  now 
tramping  over  the  very  ground  from  which  the  enemy  had  spit  its  iron  hail  at  him  a  few  hours 
before.  Every  man  took  unto  himself  part  of  the  glory,  and  whispered  to  himself,  "  /  have  chased 
the  Hun  out  of  here. "     And  so  were  born  the  pride  and  the  aggressive  spirit  of  the  Division. 

As  early  as  September  2d,  American  Observation  Posts  reported  fires  and  explosions  in  the 
enemy  area,  and  vehicles  and  troops  bound  north.  The  next  day,  Paars,  Perles,  Vauxcere  and 
Blanzy  showed  columns  of  smoke.  The  Boche  was  laying  waste  to  all  as  he  slowly  retired.  The 
Infantry  followed  him  across  the  Vesle,  had  a  vigorous  brush  with  him  on  the  steep  heights  above 
Haute-Maisons,  where  he  had  left  a  rear-guard  of  machine-guns,  and  lost  him  on  the  table-land  that 
stretched  between  the  Vesle  and  the  Aisne,  so  fast  did  he  move.  French  cavalry  dashed  ahead  as 
far  as  Vauxcere,  where  heavy  fire  prevented  their  g(jing  further.  The  77th  moved  more  rapidly 
than  the  right  and  left  flanks,  actually  pulling  the  flanks  along  with  it.  Further  north,  the  pres- 
sure of  General  Mangin's  army  was  uiging  the  German  to  withdraw  his  forces  from  the  inevitable 
pocket,  which  the  77th 'was  fairly  turning  inside  out.     Safe  across  the  Aisne,  and  with  out-po.sts 


53 


on  the  narrow  strip  between  the  Aisne  Canal  and  the  river,  the  enemy  made  another  stand  in  front 
of  the  fortiflcations  running  along  the  famous  and  many  times  fought-over  Chemin  des  Dames. 

But  it  was  not  without  cost  that  the  Boche  left  the  Vesle,  for  a  harassing  Artillery  fire  followed 
him  closely.  The  ground  between  the  ^'esle  and  the  Aisne  forms  a  table-land  covered  with  wheat- 
fields,  which  falls  off  abruptly  toward  the  ^>sle  and  completely  dominates  the  area  containing 
Bazoches  and  Fismes.  It  is  serrated  with  ravines  running  up  into  it  in  a  general  north  and  south 
direction.  Here  the  Boche  was  greatly  exposed  during  his  withdrawal,  although  some  of  his  light 
pieces  tried  for  a  time  to  hamper  the  American  advance  by  shelling  the  A'esle  Bridges  from  the 
shelter  of  the  ravines.  His  heavy  pieces  were  already  across  the  Aisne,  and  were  for  a  few  days 
silent,  until  they  had  been  emplaced,  when  they  sent  a  hail  of  heavy  shells  over  the  entire  plateau. 

North  of  the  Aisne,  where  he  had  entrenched  himself,  he  found  the  excellent  shelter  of  his  for- 
mer works,  which  had  been  improved  for  the  purpose  by  his  engineers.  Here  the  terrain  again  forms 
a  plateau,  which  is  a  network  of  trenches  and  strong-points  cut  into  the  soft  sandstone.  The 
Aisne  itself,  at  this  point,  has  a  breadth  of  150  feet,  and  a  depth  of  about  ten  feet,  and  is  bordered 
by  flat  meadows  and  fields  which  are  inundated  when  the  river  is  high.  On  its  south  bank,  at 
varying  distances,  runs  a  lateral  canal.  Bridges  cross  the  river  at  Pont  Arcy,  Bourg-et-Comin  and 
at  Oeuilly. 

The  morning  of  September  4th,  the  Division  moved  toward  the  Aisne.  For  the  first  time,  the 
troops  saw  what  the  constant  fu'e  into  Bazoches  and  Fismes  had  accomplished.  Bazoches  was  a 
ruin,  and  Fismes,  while  intact  in  some  parts,  was  a  mass  of  tumbled  stone  in  others.  The  men 
had  been  instructed  to  be  careful  of  traps  and  mines.  At  Bazoches,  part  of  the  old  Chateau  Tower 
was  still  standing.  Two  Frenchmen  and  an  American  were  chmbing  through  the  mess  of  mortar 
and  rock,  when  a  loud  explosion  occurred,  throwing  debris  high  into  the  air.  The  Frenchmen 
were  killed  instantly,  but  the  American  escaped  injury.  Near  the  scene  of  the  explosion  lay  some 
minenwerfer  shells  with  the  fuses  in  them,  intertwined  with  a  tangle  of  wires.  At  Fismes,  in  a  cave, 
an  officer  found  a  105  cahber  shell  under  a  table  covered  with  flowers,  with  a  wire  running  to  a  sofa. 
Engineers  carefully  took  apart  this  trap,  for  the  shell  had  in  it  a  fuse  upon  which  a  weight  was  ready 
to  drop.  On  the  road  between  Blanzy  and  Fismes,  a  mine  exploded  several  days  after  the  Infantry 
had  passed  over  it. 

The  bridges  over  the  ^'esle  needed  constant  repair,  as  the  infantry,  the  heavy  artillery  and  the 
transport  wagons,  camions  and  combat  trains  rumbled  over  them.  Shells  feU  closely  about  the 
bridges,  many  times  exploding  in  the  bed  of  the  Vesle  and  throwing  up  huge  geysers  of  water,  mud 
and  stones.  The  enemy  began  a  harassing  fire  upon  Bazoches  the  night  of  September  4th,  which 
continued  until  the  Division  left  the  sector.  Fismes  was  being  heavily  shelled  as  the  advancing 
columns  crowded  one  another  to  pass  through.  At  Haute  Maisons,  an  Artillery  P.  C.  and  a  Dressing 
Station  were  continuaUy  under  enfilade  artillery  fire,  owing  to  an  ex-posed  left  flank. 

At  Fismes,  a  town  of  considerable  size,  and  a  railroad  center,  the  bridges  over  the  river  had 
been  destroyed.     Artillery  was  halted  until  the  completion  of  a  new  one  by  the  Engineers.     While 
waiting  in  the  main  street,  with  the  Third  Battalion,  306th  Field  Artillery,  the  Division  Com- 
mander ex-pressed  a  wish  to  the  Commander 
for  Artillery  support  for  the  Infantry,  which 
had  met  with  resistance  further  on.     Battery 
F  was  unlimbered,  firing  79  rounds  in  half  an 
hour.      Shortly  after,    the   enemy    shell-fire 
ceased.     It  is  not  often  that  heavy  artillery 
turns  its  cumbrous  pieces  about  on  the  road, 
to  engage  in  desultory  firing. 

Fismes  brought  back  strong  reminis- 
cences of  shattered  Chateau  Thierry.  In 
peace  times,  it  was  a  beautiful  town.  Mag- 
nificent trees  had  once  lined  the  sides  of  its 
streets.  Of  these  many  were  blown  to  shreds, 
while  others  lay  across  the  path,  cut  to  make 
an   impediment  to  the  American  advance.  Ruins  of  Fismes 

[54] 


Troops  continued  to  crowd  through  the  town.  The  305th  Artillery  Regiment,  and  the  154th 
Infantry  Brigade  established  temporary  headquarters  in  the  Hotel  de  Fismes,  once  the  resort  of 
tourists,  now  the  mark  of  shells.  German  dead  lay  about  the  streets  as  evidence  of  the  fighting 
through  the  town,  when  the  Boche  held  one  end  of  it  and  the  Americans  the  other. 

Division  Headquarters  found  that  it  must  move  from  the  Chateau  Bruyere.  Yet  the  further 
forward  one  went,  the  greater  became  the  ruin  and  desolation.  There  seemed  to  be  no  place  suit- 
able for  the  reception  of  the  General  Staff  officers  and  the  lesser  luminaries  composing  Division 
Headquarters,  to  say  nothing  of  the  typewriter  battalion,  without  which  it  would  have  been  im- 
possible to  win  the  war.  At  length  a  place  was  selected,  perhaps  the  strangest  Post  of  Command 
which  Division  Headquarters  had  yet  occupied. 

On  the  road  between  Chery-Chartreuve  and  Saint  Tliibaut  was  a  place  called  the  Ferme  des 
Filles,  perhaps  because  there  was  once  a  farm  there.  The  only  evidence  upon  which  to  base  this 
supposition  was  a  shed  consisting  of  a  roof  supported  by  four  uprights,  with  no  side-walls.  From 
the  road,  alongside  which  this  shed  stood,  a  narrow  trail  led  up  the  steep  side  of  the  hill  and  ended 
in  what  will  forever  be  famous  in  the  history  of  the  Division  as  "The  Cave."  The  front  part, 
to  wliich  there  were  several  entrances,  was  almost  high  enough  to  stand  erect.  From  this  entrance 
chamber,  narrow  corridors  cut  from  the  soft  rock  led  back  into  the  hiU,  branching  and  turning  in 
such  a  manner  that  it  is  doubtful  whether  anyone  knew  how  far  the  cave  really  extended  or  how 
large  it  was.  This  portion  of  the  cave  was  lower  than  the  forward  part,  and  those  who,  for  several 
weeks,  Uved  and  slept  there  acquired  an  attitude  almost  simian. 

When  the  installation  of  Division  Headquarters  was  complete,  the  cave  was  a  cross  between  a 
menagerie  and  a  madhouse.  It  housed  within  its  narrow  limits  the  Staff,  the  InteUigence  Office, 
the  Message  Center,  Field  Artillery  Brigade  Headquarters,  a  Telephone  Central,  a  Radio  Station, 
six  or  eight  telephones,  always  simultaneously  in  use;  a  battaUon  of  typewriters  who  every  evening 
at  nine  o'clock  delivered  a  barrage  which  lasted  almost  till  dawn ;  to  say  nothing  of  an  uncounted 
host  of  clerks,  orderlies,  messengers  and  liaison  officers.  If  ever  one  doubted  the  American  Army 
to  be  democratic,  he  needed  only  to  have  looked  into  this  cave — the  Commanding  General  snatch- 
ing a  few  hours  of  sleep  on  his  cot,  with  an  orderly  stretched  underneath  it  and  a  clerk  nodding 
over  his  typewriter  only  a  few  inches  away.     In  the  rear  of  the  cave  was  an  indistinguishable  mass 


Saint  Thibaut 
[55] 


The  New  Life  Proved  a  Strain 

of  staff  officers,  second  lieutenants,  buck  privates  and  baggage.  If  it  was  necessary  to  call  any- 
body during  the  course  of  the  night,  the  orderlies  started  at  the  front  end  of  the  cave  and  waked 
everybody,  all  the  way  back,  until  they  got  to  the  right  man. 

During  business  hours,  which  meant  every  hour  in  the  twenty-four,  the  air  rang  with  shrill 
cries  of  "Qui  est  a  L'appareil.^"  "Stenographer!"  "Message  Center!"  and  "Give  me  a  20,000 
Chemin  des  Dames!"  punctuated  by  the  sounds  of  77's  exploding  in  the  woods  and  valleys  below 
and  the  raucous  responses  of  German  prisoners,  who  were  being  interrogated. 

The  new  Ufe  proved  a  strain,  and  it  is  no  small  testimony  to  the  iron  nerve  and  dauntless 
courage  of  the  Division  Staff  that  after  two  weeks  they  emerged  from  this  bedlam,  not  as  gibber- 
ing idiots,  but  still  able  to  function  intelligently  and  successfully. 

The  enemy  now  became  still  more  active  in  the  air  than  he  had  been,  and  sent  his  planes  over 
in  groups  of  from  four  to  a  dozen.  Thirteen  of  liis  balloons  were  counted  one  day,  close  together 
on  the  Division  sector.  He  had  excellent  observation  over  the  whole  of  the  ^'esle-Aisne  plateau, 
but  from  the  plateau  itself,  American  observers  were  enabled  to  spy  far  back  into  enemy  territory. 


\n   Man.-^   Land 


[56 


No  movement  that  took  place  by  day  in  the  towns  of  Bourg-et-Comin,  Pont  Arcy,  Oeuilly,  Beaurieux, 
Pargnan,  Mouhns,  Vendresse  et  Tryon,  and  on  the  roads  leading  into  those  places  escaped  the  keen 
eyes  of  the  men  in  the  Observation  Posts.  It  was  only  beyond  the  range  of  the  Artillery  Brigade's 
155's  that  the  Boche  was  at  all  daring.  On  the  Vendresse  et  Tryon  Boad,  men  and  transports 
moved  north  continually  in  broad  daylight.  A  little  further  behind  the  Boche  lines,  a  wagon  park 
offered  a  tempting  artillery  mark.  But  the  long-range  rifles  of  the  Corps  Artillery  had  been  with- 
drawn for  another  sector,  and  the  Division's 

Artillerymen  could  only  sit  and  fume  because  "■ 

their  gun  was  short  and  stubby,  and  would 
shoot  but  a  scant  seven  miles!  As  a  rule,  not  a 
German  was  to  be  seen  in  the  rear  areas  by  day. 

By  September  5th,  the  Division's  line  ex- 
tended through  the  Bois  de  la  Vicomte,  Bois 
des  Genettes,  Pierre  la  Boche,  La  Butte  de 
Bourmont,  Bevillon,  and  around  the  village 
of  Glennes,  the  latter  being  on  the  front  of  the 
Division  on  the  right  flank,  which  had  not 
closed  up.  The  enemy  was  then  entrenched 
strongly  between  the  canal  and  the  Aisne  and 
in  the  old  French  works  behind  La  Petite 
Montague,  about  one  kilometer  south  of  the 
canal  and  two  kilometers  south  of  the  river. 
A  sniper  gun  is  thought  to  have  fired  from 
behind  the  mountain,  close  to  the  Division 
front,  but  the  fact  was  never  established. 
The  mountain  was  subjected  to  intermit- 
tent barrages  by  friendly  artillery.  In  se\  - 
eral  places,  further  west,  the  infantry  patrols 
crossed  the  Aisne. 

To  simplify  operations,  the  Division 
front  was  divided  into  the  right  and  left  sub- 
sectors.  The  153d  Brigade  covered  the  left,  the  154th  the  right.  By  September  10th,  the  line  of 
the  right  sub-sector  was  advanced  to  a  point  400  yards  west  of  Bevillon  and  to  St.  Pierre  Ferme 
and  the  left  sub-sector  had  reached  the  Aisne.  The  village  of  Glennes,  where  the  Germans  had 
strongly  established  themselves,  now  stood  in  the  way  of  a  flanking  movement  against  the  formid- 
able La  Petite  Montagne,  and  it  was  planned  to  take  the  village.  As  this  was  not  a  77th  Division 
objective,  the  Division  offered  to  "go  halves"  with  the  division  on  its  right.  The  division  on 
the  right  did  not  think  it  could  spare  the  men,  so  the  77th  decided  to  bear  the  burden  alone. 

The  men,  though  exuberant,  were  by  this  time  fatigued  by  the  rapidity  of  the  advance,  al- 
though hot  meals  had  been  brought  up  throughout.  The  fighting  elements  must  have  hot  meals 
to  work  efficiently.  General  Alexander  had  insisted,  and,  as  a  result,  ration  parties  could  be  seen,  day 
and  night,  making  their  way  through  the  old  French  trench  system  which  lay  north  of  Vauxcere, 
and  extended  north  toward  the  Aisne.  Through  the  heaviest  of  shell-fire,  these  carrying  parties 
forwarded  hot  food  as  though  there  were  important  messages  in  the  pots  instead  of  merely  "chow." 

While  in  a  cave  at  La  Petitie  Logette,  where  the  Germans  had  placed  a  leaking  gas-shell. 
General  Evan  M.  Johnson  was  gassed  and  evacuated  to  the  rear.  In  this  emergency.  Major-General 
Alexander  sent  for  General  Whittenmeyer,  commanding  the  153d  Brigade.  Late  that  night,  through 
the  driving  rain,  and  a  piercing  wind  that  swept  across  the  plateau.  General  Whittenmeyer  rode  from 
his  Post  of  Command  at  Vauxcere  to  The  Cave.  He  appeared  before  the  Major-General  with  the 
raindrops  dripping  from  his  silver-grey  hair,  saluted,  and  waited  in  silence  for  his  senior  to  speak. 

Major-General  Alexander  explained  that  the  154th  Brigade  had  temporarily  lost  its  commander; 

"I  want  these  troops  organized  and  ready  to  attack  in  the  morning,"  the  Division  Commander 
concluded. 

General  Whittenmeyer,  tall  and  broad-shouldered,  heedless  of  the  water  that  ran  in  little  rivu- 


Brig. -General  Whillenmeyer  in  Center  of  Group 


57 


lets  from  his  cap  to  his  slicker  and  down  his  boots  to  the  ground,  saluted  again,  saying  with  a  voice 
that  had  in  it  the  air  of  finaUty : 

"Very  well.  Sir." 

Those  three  words  were  the  General's  signature.  The  next  morning,  the  Brigadier  phoned 
that  he  was  ready  to  attack,  as  ordered. 

The  77th  Division  was  to  take  part  in  this  operation  covering  the  left  flank  of  the  62d  French 
Division  on  its  right,  by  advancing  its  lines  from  the  heights  of  Merval  to  La  Carriere,  which  was 
the  western  exit  of  Glennes.  The  Artillery  was  to  fire  on  Revillon,  La  Petite  Montagne,  Haut  de 
Cuchery  and  Maizy.  One  battahon  of  the  154th  Brigade  was  to  be  used  in  attacking;  its  left  to  be 
covered  by  a  detachment  which  was  to  take  La  Carriere.  INIacJiine  guns  were  to  fire  on  Revillon 
from  the  slopes  north  of  Merval,  Serval  and  Barbonval. 

On  the  13th  of  September,  with  all  these  preparations  made,  came  the  order  for  a  relief.  The 
Itahans  were  coming  in  to  take  over  the  sector.  General  Garibaldi,  a  grandson  of  the  Italian 
Liberator,  was  in  command  of  the  reUeving  division,  every  member  of  wliich  wore  a  red  silk  hand- 
kerchief in  the  upper  right-hand  pocket  of  his  uniform,  the  gift  of  an  American  woman.  The 
Division  was  well  on  its  way  out  of  the  sector  on  the  night  of  September  13th,  a  Friday,  with  the 
Boche  firing  farewell  salutes  over  the  whole  plateau.  The  relief  was  a  welcome  one  for  the  Divi- 
sion, after  over  a  month  of  continuous  fighting.  The  77th  had  entered  the  sector  a  recruit  Division. 
It  left  it  a  veteran  one,  prepared  for  any  task  that  was  to  fall  to  its  lot. 


THE  SPIRIT  OF  THE  ARGONNE 

In  the  mists  of  the  early  morning,  in  the  shadows  at  close  of  day, 
I  seemed  to  see  a  phantom  form,  I  seemed  to  hear  it  say, 
"  I  am  the  Spirit  of  Righteousness,  through  me  are  battles  won. 
So  I  take  tliis  name  which  shall  bring  ye  fame, 
Spirit  of  the  Argonne! 

"Gird  up  your  loins,  my  followers — look  to  your  weapons  well; 
Over  the  top  and  do  not  stop;  drive  at  those  beasts  of  Hell! 
Faint  not,  and  fear  not  failure;  press  bravely,  firmly  on 
Till  your  task  is  done  and  you've  crushed  the  Hun, 
Spirit  of  the  Argonne!" 

On,  though  machine  guns  sputtered;  on  through  shrapnel  and  shell. 
On  through  the  red  murk  of  battle,  on  through  the  gates  of  Hell! 
Beating  back  all  resistance,  smashing  the  brutal  Hun ; 
'Twas  the  Spirit's  breath  in  defiance  to  death — the 
Spirit  of  the  Argonne! 

And  each  of  them  gave  the  best  in  him.  and  some  gave  a  precious  life. 
To  a  noble  and  holy  cause,  for  the  end  of  a  sinful  strife; 
Tliink  not  'twill  be  forgotten,  the  work  by  these  heroes  done. 
Inspired  by  Right  and  conceived  in  the  might — of  the 
Spirit  of  the  Argonne! 

'Twas  the  spirit  of  personal  sacrifice,  the  gift  of  brave  men's  all ; 
That  liberty  should  not  perish,  that  righteousness  should  not  fall; 
And  our  country  (God  bless  her!)  is  better  for  the  deeds  her  sons  have  done. 
May  this  spirit  march  on  through  the  ages  to  come — the 
Spirit  of  the  Argonne! 


[58] 


THE    SPIRIT    OF    THE    ARGONNE 


PHASE  VI 

The  Capture  of  the  Argonne 


THE  UNDERTAKING 

NE  name  above  all  others  has  the  77th  Division  won  from  the  map  of  France 
and  written  into  American  history — The  Argonne. 

If  ever  the  patriotism  of  our  country  should  wane  and  the  national  pulse 
beat  slow,  let  a  veteran  of  the  Argonne  arise  and  tell  the  story  of  courage,  self- 
sacrifice  and  endurance  that  carried  the  Liberty  Division  through  this  wilder- 
ness of  France — to  Victory.  Hearts  will  beat  quicker  at  the  telling,  eyes  will 
glisten,  pride  in  America  and  her  sons  will  be  stimulated  anew — for,  in  the 
annals  of  the  nation,  the  "Spirit  of  the  Argonne"  must  be  placed  alongside 
the  "Spirit  of  '76." 

Black,  gloomy,  forbidding,  the  Argonne  Forest,  the  largest  expanse  of  woodland  from  the 
Mediterranean  to  the  Rhine,  stretches  a  distance  of  thirty-nine  kilometers  from  Passevant  and 
Beaulieu  in  the  south,  with  the  big  town  of  St.  Menehold  in  its  southern  confines,  to  Grand-Pre 
and  the  valley  of  the  River  Aire  on  the  north.  On  the  eastern  edge  of  the  forest  are  \'arennes, 
Montblainville,  Cornay  and  St.  Juvin.  On  its  western  boundary  are  the  towns  of  Binarville,  Lan- 
con  and  (jrand  Ham. 


i\(>  Mima  Liimt  lie/ore  tlie  Advance  on  September  'J(l,   lUIS 

[59] 


The  First  Advance  in  Which  Ike  Division  Participated,  September,  ii)i8 

For  four  years,  since  the  beginning  of  the  Great  War,  it  had  been  a  region  of  dark  mystery, 
under  the  dominion  of  the  Germans  who  had  early  overrun  it  and  adapted  its  natural  features  into 
a  vast,  impregnable  fortress.  It  was  known  to  be  an  area  of  densely  wooded  hills  and  ravines,  of 
swamps,  brooks  and  marshland,  with  tangled  underbrush,  trailing  vines  and  briars  everywhere. 

The  few  roads  that  afford  an  approach  to  it  were  commanded  for  miles  by  the  heights  that  rise 
above  the  deep  abris  of  the  forest,  and  in  all  the  far-flung  battle  line  of  the  western  front  there 
seemed  no  place  in  German  hands  more  inaccessible  to  attack  than  the  Argonne. 

The  portion  held  by  the  enemy  included  all  but  the  open  woods  in  the  south,  and  ran  from  a  line 
slightly  above  La  Harazee,  Le  Four  de  Paiis  and  La  Pte  Court  Choisse  to  the  northern  border  on 
the  Aire,  covering  an  area  twenty-two  kilometers  long  and  from  seven  to  nine  kilometers  wide.  Their 
long  proprietorship  had  given  the  enemy  perfect  knowledge  of  this  wide  terrain.  A  glance  behind 
the  curtain  of  trees  would  have  shown  their  artillery  in  position  to  sweep  all  avenues  of  approach 
to  every  ravine  and  summit.  It  would  have  revealed  their  machine  guns  placed  not  only  so  as  to 
command  all  roads,  paths  and  trails  traversing  the  forest,  but  also  to  furnish  a  series  of  interlocking 
bands  of  fire  between  the  trees  and  along  systems  of  wire  that  they  had  constructed,  calculated  to 
make  a  hostile  advance  humanly  impossible.  It  would  have  disclosed  look-out  stations  built  in 
scores  of  favorable  tree-tops,  and  other  high  lookout  towers  constructed  to  direct  the  fire  of  artillery 
and  machine-guns,  and,  threading  in  and  out,  an  intricate  and  complete  railway  line  suppl(>mented 
by  a  telephone  system,  furnishing  perfect  means  of  supply  and  communication  between  all  the 
units  in  this  intensively  defended  sector.  No  wonder  the  enemy,  who  knew  ah  this,  laughed  at 
the  idea  of  the  Argonne  being  captured  by  direct  attack.  It  was  the  one  sector  of  the  Hindenburg 
line  they  were  sure  of.  Small  wonder  too,  that  the  French,  who  guessed  it,  shook  their  heads  and 
said  "Ce  n'est  pas  possible." 

But  the  capture  of  the  Argonne  Forest  was  imperative.  It  was  the  hinge  of  the  great  swinging 
movement  that  was  to  drive  the  Germans  across  the  Meuse.  It  was  the  key  that  must  be  turned 
to  open  the  way  to  Grand-Pre,  Sedan  and  the  great  German  communication  centres  along  the 
Sedan-Mezzieres  railway.  The  French  said  "It  can't  be  done."  The  American  said  "It  can  be 
done."     The  77th  Division  said  "We'll  do  it."     And  they  did. 

Officially,  the  battle  of  decision  in  the  great  European  war  is  known  as  the  Argonne-Meuse 
operation.  Populaily  it  is  known  as  the  Battle  of  the  Argonne.  To  the  77th  Division  was  assigned 
the  task  of  direct  attack  tluough  the  forest.  After  the  fu-st  day,  this  Division  operated  alone  within 
the  confines  of  this  forest,  and  fought  its  way  through  its  entire  length.     When  the  Division  emerged, 


60 


eighteen  days  later,  it  completed  its  record  by  crossing  the  Aire  and  capturing  St.  Juvin  and  Grand- 
Pre,  two  positions  controlling  the  northern  limits  of  the  Argonne  and  that  sector  of  the  Aire  valley. 

THE  PREPARATION 

For  several  days  and  nights  before  September  26th,  there  was  considerable  commotion  on  the 
roads  and  trails  about  La  Harazee  and  La  Chalade  and  through  the  Bois  des  Hautes  Batis.  It 
was  the  stir  of  preparation.  It  was  the  giant  striding  and  heaving  and  side-stepping  of  the  guns 
getting  into  position.  Big  guns,  little  guns,  guns  of  all  shapes  and  all  sizes — each  taking  its  place 
for  the  terrific  overture  to  commence  the  opera  America  was  about  to  stage  in  the  Forest  of  Argonne. 

All  the  divisional  artillery  from  the  152d  Artillery  Brigade  was  there — the  304th  and  305th 
Field  Artillery  with  their  75's,  the  306th  with  their  155's  and  the  302d  Trench  Mortar  Battery, 
later  armed  with  their  captured  Geiman  105  howitzers,  and  behind  them  for  distant  work,  were 
8-inch  howitzers  from  Corps  and  6-inch  rifles  from  the  French  Army.  Nearly  two  hundred  guns 
were  gathered  together  into  this  mighty  orchestra,  merely  to  cover  the  relatively  narrow  front  as- 
signed the  77th  Division. 

The  utmost  care  was  taken  to  insure  concealment  of  movement  from  the  enemy.  As  much  of 
the  work  as  possible  was  done  by  night,  and  by  day,  camouflage  and  the  screen  afforded  by  the  trees 
were  utihzed  to  the  fullest  extent.  In  the  skies,  our  aeroplanes  easily  had  the  supremacy,  and  their 
patrolling  was  so  constant  and  so  vigilant  that  the  Boche  scouts  never  dared  venture  beyond  their 
own  lines. 

Every  precaution  was  taken  by  the  artillery  commanders  to  preserve  the  element  of  secrecy. 
No  registration  was  permitted.  No  observation  posts  were  occupied  except  by  observers  in  the 
uniform  of  the  French,  who  had  been  quietly  holding  the  sector  for  the  past  four  years.  A  complete 
artillery  telephone  system  was  installed,  but  no  English  was  spoken  over  the  telephone.  The  guns 
were  laid  by  astronomical  observation. 

The  enemy  knew  that  there  was  something  impending.  During  the  week  previous  to  the 
attack,  he  exhibited  a  pronounced  nervousness.  Three  nights  successively,  his  patrols  attacked 
the  advanced  outposts  of  the  French,  but  were  driven  off.  Harassing  fire  was  delivered  on  cross- 
roads Croix  Gentin,  and  on  the  25th  of  September,  a  heavy  harassing  fire  with  gas  shells  was  placed 
on  the  western'part  of  Bois  des  Hautes  Batis. 


P.  C.  Pau,  Forest  d' Argonne — Door  in  Foreground  Shows  Entrance  to  Quarters  of  General  Alexander  al 
Beginning  of  Argonne  Offensive,  September  25,  i918 

[61] 


He  had  a  premonition.  It  may  have  been  gained  from  irrepressible  noises  at  night  heard  by 
some  of  his  more  daring  scouts,  it  may  have  been  telepathic.  But  he  never  dreamed  of  the  extent 
of  the  attack  that  was  to  be  made  upon  him,  as  later  information  proved. 

The  initial  positions  taken  by  the  Artillery  were  governed  to  a  great  extent  by  the  nature  of 
the  terrain  and  the  plan  of  advance,  which  contemplated  close  cooperation  between  the  Artillery 
and  the  advancing  Infantry.  It  was  impossible  to  move  the  guns  thi'ough  the  trees  covering  the 
entire  territory  from  which  the  attack  was  to  be  delivered.  Rapid  mobility  could  be  insured  only 
by  their  keeping  in  close  proximity  to  the  few  good  roads  traversing  the  forest.  Accordingly,  the 
guns  were  placed  for  the  opening  barrage  along  the  highways  themselves— the  75's  of  the  304th 
Regiment  on  the  road  running  east  from  La  Chalade  across  the  ridge,  where  they  were  joined  by  a 
number  of  the  French  6-inch  rifles,  the  305th  Regiment  75's  on  the  north  and  south  road  in  the  north- 
east sector  of  Bois  des  Hautes  Batis,  and  the  heavy  155's  of  the  306th  on  the  roads  in  the  vicinity  of 
Le  Rond  Champ  and  Croix  Gentin.  Each  battery  had  to  fell  between  40  and  50  trees  to  obtain 
the  necessary  field  of  fire.  This  was  done  by  sawing  and  wedging  the  trees,  but  they  were  not 
thrown  over  until  shortly  before  the  hour  set  for  the  opening  of  the  Artillery  prepai'ation.  The 
Headquarters  of  the  152d  Artillery  Brigade  were  estabfished  on  the  night  of  September  25th, 
at  P.  C.  Pau. 

SLxteen  avenues  in  the  enemy  wire  were  assigned  to  the  Artillery  to  be  cut  for  the  passage  of  the 
assaulting  troops.  Four  of  these  were  at  La  Fille  INIorte  and  four  at  Taille  Rongard  on  the  front 
of  the  153d  Brigade.  Of  the  other  eight,  three  were  lined  out  to  the  east  of  the  Four  de  Paris  across 
Ravin  Intermediare  to  Rau  des  Meurissons  and  one  to  the  north  of  Rau  des  Meurissons.  For  the 
troops  facing  La  Harazee,  two  lanes  were  arranged  for  to  the  east  of  La  Harazee  and  two  to  the  south 
of  Rau  de  la  Fontaine  aux  Charmes.  By  these  means  it  was  designed  to  provide  an  open  way  for 
our  men  to  the  heights  commanding  the  large  ravines  in  the  enemy's  territory  and  to  permit  the 
I53d  Brigade  to  sweep  around  to  the  left  and  take  the  high  ground  between  Abri  St.  Louis  and 
Abri  du  Crochet. 

At  H.  hour,  after  the  lanes  had  been  cut,  the  plan  of  attack  called  for  a  rolUng  barrage  of  75's 


.  1  lidche  Slmny  Puinl — Sole  Dead  German  in  I  - 


62 


The  Price  of  Victory — North  of  La  Four  de  Paris,  Arijoniie  Forest,  October,  191  f> 

placed  500  meters  in  front  of  the  Infantry  going  over  the  top,  with  the  155"s  firing  a  standing  pro- 
tective barrage,  500  meters  in  front  of  the  75"s  m.  m.  barrage,  advancing  at  the  end  of  25  minutes 
at  the  rate  of  100  meters  in  5  minutes,  by  100  meters  bounds. 

On  the  night  of  September  25th,  the  Infantry  of  the  77th  Division  quietly  nKJved  into  the 
front  line.  About  midnight,  the  French  out-posts  were  relieved,  and  the  Division  was  ready 
for  the  attack. 

The  assault,  as  directed  by  Field  Order  No.  43,  was  to  be  delivered  on  a  seven  and  a  half 
kilometer  front  extending  across  the  enemy's  position  from  a  point  west  of  La  Harazee  on  the 
left,  to  Courte  Chausse  and  Taille  de  Ramce  on  the  right.  The  Division  was  disposed  in  line, 
all  four  infantry  regiments  being  in  the  front  line,  with  the  .305th  on  the  extreme  right,  the  306th 
on  its  left,  the  307th  next  and  the  308th  on  the  left  of  the  line.  This  disposition  was  not  the  most 
desii'able,   but  the  frontage  to  be  cf)vered  was  so  extensive  no  other  disposition  appeared  possible. 

Undoubtedly,  at  this  time  and  at  all  future  times  in  the  operation,  because  of  the  extent  of  front, 
too  great  a  proportion  of  the  Division  was  employed  simultaneously  and  a  disposition  in  depth, 
which  is  desirable  from  every  point  of  view,  could  not  be  made  at  the  time  of  attack.  The  28th 
American  Division  was  on  the  77th"s  right  and  the  1st  French  Division  on  its  left.  A  Franco- 
American  force  intended  to  act  as  a  combat  liaison  group  on  the  Division's  left  flank  was  also  or- 
ganized, for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  contact  with  the  French  on  the  left.  This  combat  liaison 
group,  consisting  of  a  regiment  from  the  92d  American  Division  (the  368th),  was  to  have  advanced 
in  conjunction  with  the  left  of  the  77th  Division.  It  did  not  so  advance,  as  subsequent  events 
proved,  and,  as  a  consequence,  the  left  flank  of  the  Division  was  exposed  during  the  whole  period 
of  operations  of  the  three  weeks  in  the  Argonne. 

Before  the  battle  opened,  the  153d  Brigade,  in  readiness  on  the  right,  was  faiing  the  heights  of 
Le  Fille  Morte  and  Taille  Rong,  with  the  two  ravines.  Fond  des  Meurissons  and  Ravine  des  ■\Ieuris- 
sons  beyond  the  heights,  and  on  the  left,  the  expectant  forces  of  the  151th  Brigade  had  before 
them  the  ravines  de  La  Fme  au  Mortier  and  de  La  Fontaine  aux  Charmes.  with  high  ground  ruiming 
to  the  northeast.     As  to  what  lay  beyond  the  enemy  wire,  they  had  no  information,  other  than  the 


[63 


words  of  tlip  r.cirmiiaiKliiii,'  (iciicral  addressed  to  liis  Infantry  ofluors  on  tlu>  day  before  the  attack, 
when  he  said: — 

"  I  don't  believe  we  will  find  very  much  opposition  in  the  first  or  even  second  line.  Such  op- 
position as  we  find  will  be  confined  to  machine-gun  nests.  We  have  all  had  opportunity  to  see  the 
aeroplane  photographs  of  the  ground  we  are  going  over.  It  is  very  densely  wooded  and  it  is  probable 
that  it  is  very  difficult  to  get  through  and  that  along  paths  you  will  find  such  machine-guns  as  are 
warranted  there.  You  w  ill  lind  machine-gun  nests  on  the  paths  and  drains.  We  shall  have  to  work 
around  them  and  cut  around  them  through  the  bush. 

"  1  cannot  go  into  detail  on  the  work  of  the  artillery  and  you  don't  care  about  that.  I  will  tell 
you  where  it  is  going  to  be.  It  is  hard  to  draw  up  a  definite  plan  on  account  of  the  terrain  and  the 
difficulty  of  registering  fire.  You  all  realize  that  the  closer  up  you  get  to  that  barrage,  which  is  to 
precede  you  by  500  meters,  the  more  protection  it  is  for  you.  If  you  lag  behind  and  it  passes  on, 
before  you  get  there,  the  enemy  is  up  and  using  his  weapons.  Keep  as  close  to  it  as  you  can.  The 
limit  of  500  meters  was  put  on  it  for  reasons  that  I  have  carefully  considered.  It  is  not  necessary 
for  you  to  stay  back  there." 

THE  ATTACK 

The  mysterious  H  hour  had  been  set.  At  5:30  on  the  incoming  of  September  26th,  it  was 
"Over  the  top"  for  the  Infantry.  At  H  .3  or  2:30  A.  M.,  the  music  started.  Hell  broke  loose  in 
scores  of  thundering  voices.  Suddenly  the  air  was  split  with  deafening  explosions  and  the  clamor  and 
shriek  of  bursting  shells,  and  soon  way  back  in  Florent  and  le  Claon,  the  houses  were  rocking  with 
the  concussion.  On  left  and  right,  the  Artillery  of  the  attacking  French  and  the  other  Divisions 
of  the  1st  American  Army  joined  in  the  chorus.  Mount  Vesuvius,  the  San  Francisco  earthquake 
and  Niagara  Falls,  rolled  into  one  and  multipfied  by  ten,  blazed,  crashed  and  roared  through  the 
Argonne  that  night.  Never  had  ancient  quiet  been  shattered  by  a  din  so  terrific.  It  was  America's 
banner  barrage  of  the  whole  war. 

For  three  hours  the  bombardment  of  the  enemy  wire  continued  with  amazing  accuracy  and 
completeness,  literally  blasting  the  Germans  from  their  concrete  trenches  and  levelling  lanes  in  the 
wire  which  for  four  years  had  guarded  this  front. 

At  5:30  A.  M.  behind  the  rolling  artillery  barrage,  the  77th  Division  went  over  the  top  and 
hurled  itself  upon  the  remnants  of  the  2nd  Landwehr  Division  of  the 
V^^  German  Army,  the  enemy  Division  that  had  been  guarding  the  Hinden- 

burg  Line  where  it  crossed  the  Forest  of  Argonne. 

Thus  began  a  campaign  uni((ue  in  the  history  of  the  whole  luuopean 
struggle,  in  point  of  character  of  the  battle  ground  fought  over  and  of 
the  method  of  combat  employed — "The  Wilderness  Campaign"  of  the 


Corps  and  Army  Artillery  Swclh-d  Ihe  Chorus 

\  61  1 


Wailing  for  the  Jump-Off 

Great  War.  Through  a  tangled  jungle  of  trees,  clinging  vines  and  thirkly  brailed  brush,  through 
swamps  and  muddy  morasses  flooded  by  the  constant  rains  that  were  falling,  over  steeps  and  across 
wild  valleys,  through  the  mud  and  the  wet  and  the  cold,  the  unfaltering  soldiers  of  the  77th  Division 
were  obliged  to  push  on  day  after  day,  against  invisible  machine-guns,  against  trenches  concealed  by 
foliage  and  underbrush,  against  positions  whose  forward  areas  were  perfectly  protected  by  numerous 
lines  of  barbed  wire  and  chicken  wire  interlaced  among  the  trees,  against  an  enemy  who  could  not  be 
seen  to  be  fired  at  and  who  could  only  be  nosed  out  and  routed  by  attacking  parties  that  crawled 
along  the  ground  and  scouted  from  tree  to  tree  until  they  could  engage  him  in  hand-to-hand  combat. 

At  the  hour  of  attack,  side  by  side,  all  four  regiments  of  the  Division  took  the  jump-off  with 
elements  similarly  disposed,  one  battalion  in  the  front  line,  one  in  support  and  one  in  either  divisional 
or  brigade  reserve.  Practically  no  opposition  was  encountered  in  going  through  the  enemy  front-line 
trenches.  The  big  guns  had  done  well.  Little  remained  of  the  outer  defences  of  this  particular 
section  of  the  Hindenbui'g  Line,  but  a  mighty  jumble  of  shattered  timber,  smashed  concrete  and 
twisted  wire.  The  torn-up  condition  of  the  ground,  however,  covered  with  a  confused  tangle  of  wire 
and  debris,  and  the  deep  ravines  that  were  encountered  at  the  outset,  made  progress  difficult.  To 
add  to  the  difficulty,  way  had  to  be  made  through  a  dense  fog  which  did  not  lift  during  the  morning. 
On  our  right,  the  L5lth  Brigade  soon  ran  into  thickly  forested  terrain,  without  roads,  paths  or 
trails. 

In  spite  of  these  drawbacks,  the  lanes  cut  in  the  enemy  wire,  according  to  plan  by  the  artillery, 
were  found  and  steady  progress  made  by  the  infantry  following  behind  the  rolling  artillery  barrage, 
so  that  an  advance  of  over  two  kilometers  was  made  on  the  first  day.  A  few  shells  fell  on  our  advanc- 
ing lines  and  there  was  some  sniping,  and,  late  in  the  afternoon,  a  brisk  machine-gun  fire  on  the 
307th's  right,  all  of  which  resulted  in  a  number  of  casualties.  But  nothing  was  met  indicating  a 
strongly  organized  resistance.  Our  line  that  night  was  established  on  the  ridge  just  north  of  the 
Four  de  Paris-Barricade  Pavillion  Carr  des  Meurissons  Road,  running  thence,  from  a  point  slightly 
south  of  St.  Hubert's  Pavillion,  in  a  westerly  direction  and  parallel  with  the  Biesme  River. 

The  events  of  the  next  day  were  very  different.     The  Division  resumed  the  attack  at  5:.30  in 


65 


La  Besogne,  Forest  d'Aryomie — Headquarters  lo.ld  Infantry  Brigade,  October,  191S,  Looking  .\ortli 

the  morning,  preceded  by  a  half-hour's  artillery  preparation.  It  was  not  long  before  the  Hun 
began  to  snarl  and  show  his  teeth. 

The  ."iOTth  Infantry  struck  the  first  resistance,  from  the  heights  on  its  right  front  above  Rau 
de  La  Fme  aux  Charmes,  whence  some  hostile  machine-gun  fire  had  been  directed  the  previous 
afternoon.  It  soon  became  apparent  that  the  enemy  was  going  to  defend  these  heights  as  his  main 
line  of  resistance  and  that  he  held  strongly  entrenched  positions  along  their  crest  and  on  the  high 
ground  of  St.  Hubert's  PavilUon.  Four  de  Zube  and  Abri  de  St.  Louis  on  the  front  of  the  153d  Brigade. 
The  308th.  on  our  extreme  left,  pushed  ahead.  But  the  307th  was  strongly  opposed  by  artillery  fire 
accompanied  by  a  heavy  enfilading  barrage  from  machine-gun  nests,  that  the  Boche  appeared  to 
have  constructed  along  the  whole  plateau  south  of  Bagatelle.  Similar  strong  points  confronted 
the  306th  and  305th. 

The  German  plan  of  defense  was  unfolding.  It  was  to  be  machine-guns  to  stop  our  advance, 
echeloned  in  depth  and  supporting  one  another  with  cross  fire,  operating  from  perfect  concealment 
and  from  every  angle  on  our  front  and  flanks,  and  then  artillery  and  trench  mortar  shells  to  shatter 
our  halted  forces.  This  meant  hand  to  hand  fighting  for  our  men.  Into  it  they  plunged  all  along 
the  line  through  the  tangled  underbrush  and  wire,  against  an  enemy  they  could  not  see,  but  who  was 
reaching  them  through  the  mechanical  process  of  shooting  along  lines  of  fue  carefully  laid  out  before 
hand. 

Two  companies  of  the  306th  Infantry,  K  and  B,  were  the  first  to  stir  up  the  Huns  on  the  right 
sector  of  our  line.  Starting  their  advance  with  the  rest  of  the  Regiment  at  5:30  in  the  morning 
of  the  27th,  the.se  two  companies  soon  found  themselves  scrambling  down  in  single  file  into  a  deep 
ravine  containing  nearly  a  hundred  dugouts.  Signs  of  recent  enemy  occupation  and  hasty  flight 
were  visible,  but  everything  was  quiet  and  our  doughboys  pushed  ahead,  cheering  themselves  with 
the  behef  that  the  Boche  had  pulled  out  for  at  least  two  or  three  kilos  to  the  north.  Everything 
was  going  smoothly.  High  spirits  prevailed,  for  one  and  all  had  absorbed  a  full  meal  and  enjoyed  a 
good  sleep,  the  night  before.  Through  the  village  of  dugouts  and  up  the  opposite  slope  went  the 
confident  lines  of  Infantry.  The  first  platoon  to  reach  the  top  had  three  scouts  forward  who  sent 
back  word  that  there  was  plenty  of  barbed  wire  ahead  and  no  openings.  The  rest  of  the  cf>mpanies 
were  halted  and  an  inspection  of  the  wire  started. 

Suddenly  a  red  rocket  shot  up  in  front  and  a  bugle  call  rang  out.     It  was  the  signal  of  the 


66] 


waiting  Boche.  The  next  moment  everything  happened  at  once.  Our  entire  force  suddenly  found 
itself  under  intense  machine-gun  fire,  concentrated  on  its  front  and  right  flank.  Trench  mortar 
shells  and  grenades  whizzed  in  from  all  directions.  Every  man  found  it  absolutely  necessary  to 
hug  the  ground  for  fifteen  minutes.  Then  the  machine-gun  fire  from  the  front  ceased  abruptly. 
The  flanking  fire  continuing,  our  men  decided  to  rush  foi-ward.  A  few  minutes  later  the  reason  for 
the  sudden  cessation  of  fu-ing  from  the  front  was  discovered.  A  sergeant  and  six  men  from  Co. 
15  had  found  a  gap  in  the  wire,  crawled  through  and  captured  two  enemy  machine-guns  and 
two  prisoners.  These  men  yelled  back  to  the  main  body  to  cut  the  wire  with  all  speed  and 
come  through,  because  the  prisoners  had  reported  a  large  force  of  Boche  infantry  lioldirig  that 
position. 

Wire  clippers  immediately  got  into  action  and  inside  of  three  minutes,  a  wide  path  was  cut 
through  the  wire,  enabling  the  entire  two  companies  to  file  through  and  occupy  the  trenches  which  the 
Boche  had  vacated  only  a  few  minutes  before.  This  advance  and  occupation  was  made  under  con- 
stant flanking  fire  from  machine  guns  and  casualties  were  sufl'ered,  but  they  were  surprisingly 
few  in  view  of  the  furious  enemy  fusilade. 

Upon  reaching  the  trench  system,  both  companies  jumped  in  and  fined  the  parapet  in  expec- 
tation of  an  attack.  They  did  not  have  long  to  wait.  Suddenly  a  volley  of  potato  mashers  (hand- 
grenades)  landed  around  them,  apparently  coming  from  nowhere,  for  not  a  Boche  couki  be  seen 
on  account  of  the  thick  brush  in  front.  The  order  was  given  to  pour  a  grazing  fire  through  the  brush 
in  an  attempt  to  inflict  casualti(>s  by  chance  shots.  After  a  few  minutes  of  rapid  fire  in  which  the 
Chauchats  joined,  everything  became  silent.  Our  men  loaded  up,  in  preparation  for  a  possible 
second  attack,  and  waited. 

The  second  attack  was  preceded  by  a  smoke  screen  which  gradually  enveloped  the  entire 
country  to  our  front  in  a  thick  blue  haze.  Then  over  came  the  Huns,  and  for  the  first  time  it  was 
possible  for  our  men  to  see  them  and  take  aim  before  firing.  The  Boche  almost  immediately  feU 
back  from  the  front,  but  an  alarming  cry  went  up  from  our  left  that  they  were  coming  in  directly 
from  our  left  flank.     This  rush  took  Co.  K  by  surprise,  and  the  enemy  succeeded  in  capturing  for 


m:^m 


'''\'l\. 


m 


^.•^M'*^' 


-^  v-fe. 


Artillery  in  Position  Near  Abri  du  Crocliel,  Argonne  Forest — Twelve  75's  Partially  Concealed  by  linish 

[67  1 


a  few  seconds,  the  extreme  left  portion  of  our  trench.  From  tliis  point  of  vantage,  he  rained  grenades 
with  uncomfortable  accuracy  into  our  ranks. 

At  this  stage  of  the  proceeding,  the  quick  wits  and  aggressiveness  of  the  Americans  came  into 
play.  "  I  p  and  at  them"  was  the  cry.  One  German  oflicer  was  bayonetted  in  the  act  of  throwing 
a  grenade.  Three  Boche  who  tried  to  carry  off  one  of  our  men  by  the  collar  were  shot  down  in  ciuick 
succession  by  a  runner  who  was  using  a  Chauchat  for  the  fust  time  in  his  life.  One  Boche  rifleman 
had  his  rifle  within  three  feet  of  Co.  K  commander's  che.st.  The  Boche  was  shot  down  before  In- 
had  a  chance  to  pull  the  trigger. 

The  Germans  were  beaten  back  into  the  cover  of  the  bushes,  but  they  had  succeeded  in 
severely  damaging  the  left  flank  and  destroying  the  machine  guns  posted  there  for  flank  protection. 
Ten  minutes  quiet  ensued.  Then  the  enemy  adopted  new  tactics.  About  thirty  or  forty  of  them 
came  toward  our  Hue  yelling  "Kamerad"  with  their  hands  in  the  air  and,  to  use  the  expression  of 
one  of  the  doughboys,  "We  fell  for  it,"  and  ceased  firing,  in  the  belief  that  a  large  number  of  pris- 
oners would  be  taken.  The  unexpected  happened.  When  the  enemy  arrived  within  a  few  yards 
of  our  trench,  they  attacked  with  a  shower  of  potato  mashers,  which,  catching  our  men  unawares, 
inflicted  a  number  of  casualties.  But  the  Huns  had  to  pay  for  it.  As  they  turned  to  run  hack, 
every  rille  in  American  hands,  opened  on  them.  As  one  of  the  veterans  of  the  fight  said,  "We 
simply  let  them  have  all  we  had. " 

From  that  time  on,  the  entire  advantage  remained  with  our  men.  Whenever  the  Boche 
consolidated  for  a  fresh  counter-attack,  they  were  greeted  by  phosphorous  grenades  thrown  from 
our  lines.  This  treatment  evidently  destroyed  their  nerve.  For.  although  they  made  several 
more  attacks,  it  was  quite  easy  to  drive  them  back. 

During  this  operation,  a  great  deal  had  been  learned  by  oui-  men  of  Hun  duplicity,  and  the 
kind  of  fighting  that  would  be  necessary  to  drive  the  enemy  from  the  Argonne.  The  Boche,  too. 
had  learned  a  lesson.  He  knew  now  the  kind  of  fighting  timber  these  Americans  were  built  of, 
and  that  the  closer  you  got  to  them  the  more  dangerous  they  were. 

\MuIe  these  two  companies  of  the  306th  were  fighting  off  counter-attacks  at  St.  Hubert's 
Pavillion,  the  other  units  of  our  forces  were  going  through  similar  experiences  at  right  and  left  of 
them.  At  many  points,  the  Boche  were  forced  to  give  way.  Assaulted  four  times  by  the  305th 
Abri  St.  Louis  finally  remained  in  our  hands.  Against  sweeping  machine-gun  fire,  the  306th  made 
three  attacks  on  Four  de  Zube  and  wrested  it  from  the  enemy.  The  night  of  the  27th  saw  our 
lines  advanced,  except  in  the  center,  an  average  of  a  kilo  and  a  half  over  the  day  before  and  the  huge 
engineer  and  railroad  dump  at  Barricade  Pavillion  in  our  possession. 

When  the  attack  was  renewed  on  the  morning  of  the  28th,  the  effect  on  the  Boche  of  the  pre- 
vious day's  hard  fighting  became  evident.  The  strength  of  his  positions  along  the  ridges  to  our 
front  had  been  shaken.  For  several  hours  our  advance  met  fittle  opposition.  St.  Hubert's  Pa- 
villion and  Abri  St.  Louis  were  crossed  and  mopped  up,  yielding  eleven  prisoners.  The  307th 
passed  the  Bagatelle  Paviflion.     Abri  du  Crochet  was  captured  by  the  305th  on  our  right. 

It  was  apparent  that  the  enemy  had  abandoned  his  first  fine  of  resistance.  About  2  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon,  it  fell  to  the  lot  of  the  307th  to  gain  fust  contact  with  liis  second  fine.  On  the  for- 
ward slope  of  the  draw,  north  of  Bagatelle,  the  rattle  of  machine  guns  greeted  the  307th"s  advancing 
fines.  Then  down  came  the  artillery.  It  was  impossible  to  locate  the  hostile  machine-gun  nests, 
so  carefully  were  they  concealed  in  the  wild  growth  on  the  opposite  crest,  and  anything  like  an 
attack  on  them  in  force,  was  rendered  impossible  by  the  terrific  shell  fire  tearing  through  the  ravine 
and  forward  slopes.  It  became  necessary  to  dig  in  and  establish  temporarily  the  front  on  a  general 
line,  300  meters  south  of  Depot  de  Machines. 

On  the  right,  the  153d  Brigade  was  having  easy  sailing.  "Easy  sailing"  in  the  Arg(Jnne, 
however,  had  a  meaning  different  from  any  the  expression  ever  bore  before.  It  indicated  progress, 
steady  and  sure,  but  only  gained  by  crashing  through  bushes,  tearing  through  barbed  wire  entangle- 
ments and  smashing  down  lines  of  chicken  wire  It  meant  a  progress  constantly  harassed  by  Boche 
snipers  with  light  automatics,  some  of  them  firing  from  tree-tops,  who  had  to  be  crept  upon  anrl 
shot,  bayoneted,  or  disposed  of  in  some  way.  It  signified  an  advance  tortuous,  stifling,  struggling, 
whose  single  joy  consisted  in  encountering  no  organized  system  of  machine-gun  jjositions  of  the  kind 
the  Boche  had  constructed  on  the  crests  of  the  Abris.     Such  was  "easy  saifing"  in  the  Argonne. 

[68  1 


At  intervals,  the  "wind"  would  die  out  entirely.  The  line  would  come  to  a  halt  to  get  its  bear- 
ings, re-establish  liaison  and  scout  ahead.  Sometimes  there  was  a  lull  as  the  men  lay  on  the  ground, 
and  absolute  quiet  reigned.  A  snapping  of  twigs  in  the  bushes,  the  noise  of  a  stealthy  approach 
brushing  aside  the  branches  would  fall  on  the  eai'.  Not  a  sound  from  our  Une. 
Suddenly  the  air  would  be  torn  to  shreds  by  the  racket  of  a  hundred  rifles  and 
Chauchats  going  off  at  once.  A  dozen  men  would  shout  "1  got  him"  and  someone 
would  run  out  and  drag  in  a  limp  form  of  a  Boche  machine  gunner,  caught  in  the 
attempt  to  steal  forward  under  cover  and  get  our  men  by  surprise.  Often  there 
were  at  least  fifty  bullet  holes  in  the  body.  Everybody's  eye  had  been  on  him. 
The  East-siders  and  West-siders  of  New  York,  the  soldiers  from  Third  Avenue, 
and  from  Central  Park  West,  were  becoming  adept  woodsmen  and  learning  the 
craft  of  the  forest  hunter. 

Under  these  conditions,  the  154th  Brigade  on  the  29th  of  September,  "sailed" 
3  kilos  ahead  as  far  as  the  heights  bordering  the  Abri  du  Crochet,  its  line  running 
thence  west  about  a  half-kilo  along  the  east  and  west  trail  leading  to  Bagatelle 
Pavillion. 

Along  the  slopes  and  heights  of  Abri  du  Crochet,  and  Champ  Mahaut  to  the 
southeast,  our  advancing  troops  uncovered  a  German  pai'adise.     Here  was  located 
one  of  the  famous  rest  areas  of  the  German  armies,  where  battle-worn  and  weary 
Boches  were  taken  to  fatten  up  and  recover  morale  amidst  amazing  comforts        j. 
and  luxuries.  , 

On  the  reverse  slopes  of  these  hills,  huge  deep  dugouts  had  been  constructed,       0  ' 
each  capable  of  housing  fifty  men  or  more  in  perfect  safety  from  hostile  shelling.         i 
On  the  heights  above  these  dugouts,  more  pretentious  abodes  had  been  constructed         / 
for  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers.     These  were  built  of  concrete,  with  j 

logs  and  concrete  roofing,  twenty  feet  in  depth,  and  were  ornamented  to  resemble 
Swiss  chalets  and  Black  Forest  hunting  lodges  with  peaked  roofs  and  exterior 
fresco  work  of  burnt  oak.  Within  were  oak  wainscoted  chambers,  fitted  with 
electric  lights  and  running  water,  supplied  from  the  power  house  in  the  valley 
below.  Benches  and  tables,  in  rustic  solid  oak,  were  supplemented  by  plush  arm 
chairs  and  hair  mattresses  to  cater  to  tlie  comforts  of  weary  warriors  and,  outside 
the  doors,  rose-gardens  and  favorite  flowers  from  the  Fatherland  were  cheerfully 
blooming.  "Waldhaus  Martha,"  "Waldhaus  Albertin"  and  "Unter  den 
Linden,"  as  they  were  variously  named,  vied  with  each  other  in  coziness. 

Adjoining  "Waldhaus  Martha,"  was  the  bowling   alley,    with   the 
open-air  restaurant  and  beer  garden  built  above  it,  where  sat  the  onlookers 
on  a  sunny  afternoon,  quaffmg  their  beer  and  cheering  on  the  bowlers. 
Down  in  the  ravine  below,  where  the  brook  ran,  was  the  great  concrete 
swimming  pool,  a  close  rival  to  the  one  in  the  Columbia 
College  gymnasium,  and  here  also  were  found  spacious 
shower  baths  supplied  with  hot  water  by  modern  boilers 
and  concrete  furnaces. 

The  Chapel,  the  Library   teeming  with  the  best 
works  of  German  science  and  literature  and  including. 


New  Yorkers  Were  Learning  Die  Craft  of  the  Forest  Hunter 
[69  1 


.1  bandoned  Boche  Barracks 

even  from  hated  England,  the  tales  of  Rider  Haggard  and  Conan  Doyle,  the  officers"  club 
with  its  attractive  bar,  the  big  theater,  fitted  for  moving-picture  exhibitions — none  of  these 
was  wanting  to  make  the  place  an  ideal  spot  for  quiet  life  and  recreation.  In  the  photographer's 
shop  our  men  found  hundreds  of  plates  showing  (Germans,  short  and  tall,  fat  and  thin,  single  and  in 
hilarious  groups,  having  all  kinds  of  good  times  with  hunting  parties,  beer  parties,  singing  parties, 
Christmas  parties,  high  festivities  generally  in  their  valley  paradise,  where  they  had  rested  so  se 
curely  for  over  four  years. 

It  seemed  a  pity  to  put  the  rude  hands  of  war  upon  such  a  place  as  this.  But  it  had  to  be  done, 
and  the  slap  was  administered  so  suddenly  that  the  recreational  sojourners  had  hardly  time  to 
skedaddle  before  our  infantry  was  upon  them.  Our  men  found  every  instance  of  hasty  fliglit. 
I  niforms  were  still  hanging  in  the  closets,  cigars,  wines  and  other  food  luxuries  were  undisturbed 
in  the  storerooms,  and  meals  were  laid  on  the  tables,  ready  to  be  eaten. 

.\eedless  to  say.  Abri  du  Crochet  and  Champ  IMahaut  were  soon  adapted  to  our  own  uses. 
Division  Headquarters,  established  at  P.  C.  Pau  on  September  25th.  was  moved  up  to  Champ 
Mahaut  on  the  2d  of  October,  and  the  fighting  battalions  in  their  few  short  reliefs  from  the  firing 
line,  when  they  acted  as  Divisional  Reserve,  were  brought  to  these  comfortable  huts  for  brief  breath- 
ing spells. 

Our  center  was  heavily  opposed  during  the  entire  day  of  the  29th  and  little  progress  was  made 
on  the  left.  But  the  right  gained  a  good  kilometer  and  a  half  through  the  thick  woods,  destroying 
many  machine  guns  on  the  way.  It  reached  the  cro.ss-roads  on  the  trail  leading  southwest  to  Depot 
des  Machines  by  11  :.'5()  in  the  morning. 

The  balance  of  that  day  and  all  of  the  next  was  spent  by  the  305th  and  3()f)th  in  consolidating 
their  positions.  Battalions  were  distributed  in  depth,  liaison  was  perfected  on  the  right  and  left, 
and  vigorous  patrols  were  sent  ahead  to  feel  out  the  enemy  resistance.  Dumps  were  moved  for- 
ward, supplies  replenished  and  Unes  of  communication  improved. 

The  .'50th  was  anything  but  a  day  of  rest  for  the  154th  Brigade.  The  morning's  attack  of  the 
307th  failed  to  dislodge  the  enemy  in  their  front.     It  was  finally  decided  to  try  a  blasting  operation 


:o 


engineered  by  our  artillery.  The  co-ordinates  were  sent  back,  the  signal  was  given  and  a  thirty 
minutes  barrage  from  our  75's  and  heavies  crashed  down  on  the  opposing  ridge.  The  regimental 
3 -inch  Stokes  mortars  were  brought  up  and  they  added  a  powerful  dose  of  thermite  to  the  party 
the  Huns  were  enjoying.  The  preparation  was  efficient.  The  infantry  attacked  in  the  afternoon 
and  the  enemy  was  driven  from  the  hills  north  of  Depot  des  Machines. 

But  the  Boche  did  not  retreat  far.  He  retired  only  a  kilometer  to  the  ridge  south  of  the 
Binarville-La  Viergette  Road  and  occupied  apparently  prepared  positions  extending  across  this  ridge 
and  through  the  Bois  de  la  Naza  on  the  front  of  the  153d  Brigade.  Outposts  of  machine  guns  and 
snipers  guarded  this  line.  The  153d  Brigade  swinging  to  the  left  fought  their  way  step  by  step 
against  the  most  persistent  kind  of  resistance  from  an  invisible  and  almost  inaccessible  enemy. 
Machine  guns  were  posted  to  enfilade  every  path  and  to  sweep  every  clearing  in  the  forest.  One  by 
one  they  had  to  be  rooted  out.  Ladders  were  constructed  for  climbing  over  long  stretches  of  chicken 
wire,  while  the  bullets  were  singing  along  them,  close  to  the  ground  where,  according  to  the  Boche 
plan,  our  men  should  have  been. 

Our  artillery  could  render  little  aid.  The  hills  and  deep  ravines  covering  the  entire  terrain 
complicated  the  calculation  of  all  data.  Observation  and  checking  were  impossible.  Furthermore, 
our  lines  were  often  so  close  to  the  Boche  it  would  have  been  impossible  to  reach  the  latter  without 
shooting  into  our  own  men.  Narrow  woods  trails,  deep  in  mud,  militated  against  the  mobility 
of  the  guns.  It  was  always  a  desperate  struggle  of  men  and  horses  to  get  them 
into  position. 

One  week  had  passed  since  the  Division  had  gone  over  the  top  and  penetrated  the  Argonne. 
Overcoats  and  blankets  had  been  discarded  at  the  beginning  of  the  attack,  so  that  progress  should 
not  be  impeded  by  heavy  equipment.  A  very  limited  amount  of  food  was  carried  by  each  man 
at  the  outset.  As  the  infantry  plunged  farther  into  the  forest,  it  was  only  with  the  utmost  diffi- 
culty that  food  and  ammunition  could  be  supplied  to  them.  A  great  part  of  these  supplies  had  to 
be  carried  in  on  the  backs  of  men.  At  all  times,  rations  were  short  and  hunger  was  an  ever-present 
companion.     On  the  night  of  the  27th  it  began  to  rain.     The  downpour  continued  practically 


One  Week  Had  Passed  Situx  the  Division  Went  Over  the  Top — Dressing  Station  in  Church  al  La  Chalade,  October,  1918 

(711 


throughout  the  entire  time  that  our  troops  were  in  the  forest.  Nights  grew  cold.  The  woods 
were  damp  and  dripping.  At  the  end  of  each  day's  march  the  men  had  to  dig  in  and  shiver  during 
the  night  in  funk-holes  half  full  of  water,  bereft  of  the  protection  of  overcoats  and  blankets.  Even 
this  rest,  such  as  it  was,  was  seldom  undisturbed.  Searching  batteries  of  Boche  artillery  were 
constantly  seeking  to  locate  them  throughout  the  night  with  high  explosives  and  trench  mortar 
shells.  The  machine  gumiers  from  the  regimental  companies  and  brigade  battaUons  attached 
to  the  infantry  were  obliged  to  carry  their  heavy  guns,  tripods,  ammunition  boxes  and  equipment 
by  hand  as  they  struggled  bravely  through  dripping  bushes  in  the  wake  of  the  infantry  line.  At 
night,  these  heroes  of  the  Hotchkiss,  exhausted  as  they  were,  posted  their  guns  on  the  flanks  of 
the  bivouacked  infantry  and  guEuded  the  lines  against  counter-attack.  Their  vigilance  accounted 
for  many  a  Boche  sniper,  sneaking  up  along  secret  lanes  in  the  forest,  who  tried  to  use  his  automatic 
maxim  on  our  positions  in  the  dark.  (From  prisoners  captured  it  was  learned  that  a  fresh  division, 
the  76th  Reserve  Division,  had  been  thrown  by  the  Boche  to  support  the  2d  Landwehr  Division 
holding  the  forest  when  the  attack  began.)  These  were  the  heart-breaking  conditions  our  men  were 
facing  day  after  day,  and  night  after  night. 

!^Amid  these  conditions  was  born  "The  Spirit  of  the  Argonne" — the  spirit  of  indomitable  deter- 
mination to  win  against  all  odds.  When  men  are  called  upon  to  endure  to  the  utmost  cold,  wet, 
hunger  and  the  hardships  of  trackless  passageway,  when  they  are  called  upon  to  defeat  in  un- 
famiUar  territory  an  unseen  enemy  armed  with  the  deadliest  weapons  of  modern  warfare,  flghting 
from  concealed  positions  skilfully  prepared  in  the  hght  of  perfect  knowledge  of  terrain,  if  they  have 
in  their  soul  "The  Spirit  of  the  Argonne,"  they  win! 

By  noon  of  the  2d  of  October,  the  153d  Brigade  had  fought  its  way  to  the  enemy  entrenched  and 
wired  position  on  the  heights  of  the  Bois  de  la  Naza.  Here  they  were  stopped,  as  the  307th  had 
been  stopped  to  the  left  the  day  before.  All  efforts  to  break  through  this  line  at  any  point  along 
the  Divisional  front  were  checked  by  the  murderous  automatic  fire  of  the  Boche.  Bands  of  cross- 
fire were  so  interwoven  that  not  a  yard  of  ground  was  left  unprotected.  Halted  in  front  of  this 
wire,  our  troops  were  placed  just  where  the  enemy  wanted  them  for  his  artillery.     Down  it  came  upon 


The  Heart  of  llie  Argonne  Near  Abri  du  Crochet,  October,  1918 


72 


them  in  a  furious  barrage  from  the  77's  and  trench  mortars,  reinforced  by  showers  of  hand  grenades 
and  rifle  grenades  from  the  enemy's  trenches. 

At  12:50  A.  M.  on  the  2d,  a  determined  attack  was  made  by  the  154th  Brigade,  with  the  re- 
sult that  six  companies  of  the  308th  Infantry  succeeded  in  penetrating  a  gap  in  the  German  trenches 
which  was  found  in  the  bottom  of  a  deep  draw  running  north  and  south  on  the  left  of  the  brigade 
sector.  This  force,  under  the  command  of  Major  Charles  S.  Whittlesey,  pushed  forward  as  far  as 
the  ravine  at  Charlevaux  Mill,  a  distance  of  about  one  kilometer.  On  its  right,  the  307th  was  again 
checked  by  the  wire  and  trenches.  Up  to  this  time,  the  left  flank  of  the  brigade  had  been  partially 
covered,  first  by  units  of  another  American  division  and  later  by  a  French  division,  although  at 
all  times  these  units  were  to  our  left  rear. 

The  six  companies  under  Major  Whittlesey  made  their  advance  far  to  the  front,  carrying,  out 
instructions  from  the  Division  Commander  to  smash  through  the  Boche,  wherever  a  weakness 
might  be  discovered,  and  to  "push  forward  without  regard  to  flanks."  In  view  of  the  enforced 
halt  of  the  307th  and  of  the  fact,  afterward  disclosed,  that  the  enemy  trench  line  which  had  hereto- 
fore checked  our  advance  continued  to  the  left,  where  it  was  held  in  force  by  the  Germans  who  had 
successfully  opposed  any  advance  on  this  front  attempted  by  the  French,  this  movement  by  Major 
Whittlesey's  command  left  his  two  flanks  dangerously  exposed.  The  German  occupation  of  this 
line  of  trenches  made  it  possible  for  them  to  pass  by  the  flank  in  rear  to  the  elements  of  the  154th 
Brigade,  which  had  moved  forward  to  the  vicinity  of  Charlevaux  Mill. 

When  the  situation  was  reported,  two  companies  of  the  308th  and  the  brigade  reserve  were  sent 
to  protect  the  exposed  left  and  had  moved  well  to  the  front  before  night  set  in.  Co.  K,  307th 
Infantry,  got  through  and  joined  up  with  Major  Whittlesey  on  the  left. 

Major  Whittlesey  had  orders,  on  reaching  Charlevaux  Mill,  to  hold  that  position  until  the  other 
elements  of  the  line  had  reached  him.  At  daybreak  of  the  3d,  the  entire  154lh  Brigade,  less  the  com- 
panies with  Major  Whittlesey,  attacked  the  enemy  front  in  a  determined  effort  to  push  forward 
to  the  hne  of  Charlevaux  Mill.  At  aU  points  the  enemy  held.  During  the  night  he  had  moved  up 
and  occupied  trenches  already  constructed  covering  the  ravine  through  which  our  advance  force 
had  passed,  and  he  had  placed  new  wire  in  the  bottom  of  the  valley.  Two  other  attacks  were  made 
dm'ing  the  day,  but  failed  to  make  any  impression  on  the  enemy  line,  and  at  night  the  conditions 
were  unchanged — communication  with  Major  Whittlesey  being  cut  ofl'. 

Meanwhile  on  the  right  that  same  day,  desperate  efforts  were  made  to  break  through  and  gain 
the  heights  of  the  Bois  de  la  Naza.  Our  fighting  patrols  kept  in  contact  with  the  enemy,  but 
encountered  strong  machine-gun  resistance  everywhere  and  suffered  heavy  losses  in  attacking 
individual  machine-gun  nests.  A  general  attack  was  launched  by  the  2d  and  3d  Battalions  of  the 
305th  Infantry  at  4  P.  M.,  but  it  was  impossible  to  make  headway  against  the  intense  machine- 
gun  fire.  In  this  attack  the  2d  Battalion  of  the  305th  alone  lost  five  oflicers  killed  and  over  two 
hundred  men  killed  and  wounded. 

On  October  3d,  a  communication  addressed  to  the  Commanding  General,  77th  Division,  from 
the  Chief  of  Staff,  1st  Army  Corps,  was  received,  containing  the  following  words  of  high  commen- 
dation : — 

"The  Corps  Commander  has  directed  me  to  extend  to  you  and  to  the  entire  77th  Division  a 
most  cordial  expression  of  his  gratification  at  the  steady,  solid  progress  made  since  the  beginning 
of  the  operation  now  under  way. 

"The  difficulties  of  the  terrain  are  fully  understood  and  the  amount  of  ground  gained  is  no- 
ticeable, while  your  suppUes  and  communications  are  thoroughly  satisfactory." 

The  history  of  the  next  three  days  covers  one  of  the  most  heroic  periods  in  the  story  of  the  77th 
Division.  There  was  no  such  thing  as  rest  or  relief,  no  concern  for  food  and  water,  no  regard  on  the 
part  of  anyone  for  the  wet,  the  cold  and  the  exhaustions  that  all  were  sufl'ering  from.  The  one 
thought  in  the  minds  of  every  officer  and  every  man  was  to  fight  through  at  all  costs  to  Charle- 
vaux Mill.  The  heart  of  King  Richard  had  been  thrown  far  into  the  enemy  lines  and  way  must 
be  won  to  it. 

Up  to  this  time  the  fighting  had  been  bitter  enough.  Henceforth  it  was  to  be  a  supreme  test 
of  Yankee  pluck  and  endurance  against  German  automatic  skill  fortified  by  strength  of  position 
and  perfect  knowledge  of  terrain. 

[73] 


German  Dugout  al  OO.'i-?  1.8  Forest  d'Argonne — Mup  Forest  d'Argonne  1/20000 
Division  Headquarters  Octoljer  2  to  Octotier  12,  1918,  Looking  Soutlieast 


Our  attacks  increased  in  violence.  The  Commanding  General  of  the  15 1th  Brigade  put  him- 
self at  the  head  of  his  men  and  in  person  led  them  through  the  woods  against  the  Boche  batteries. 
Combat  patrols  were  sent  out  from  the  305th  and  306th  to  encircle  the  machine-gun  nests  in  front 
and  desperate  hand-to-hand  fights  ensued.  A  bayoneted  Boche  sniper  beside  a  smashed  Maxim 
told  the  story. 

On  the  left,  the  French  made  repeated  attempts  to  turn  the  enemy's  right  flank.  Locating  the 
principal  strong  point  in  the  German  line  at  La  Palette  Pavillion,  from  which  the  enemy  was  direct- 
ing his  harassing  attacks  on  our  beleaguered  battaHon,  the  divisional  artillery  directed  its  fire  on 
La  Palette  Pavillion  and  converted  it  into  the  warmest  spot  in  the  Argonne  Forest. 

With  the  French  working  away  on  our  left,  a  battalion  of  the  307th  was  moved  over  to  the  right, 
and  reinforced  by  units  from  the  153d  Brigade,  this  force  started  to  move  up  the  ravine  south  of 
Bois  de  la  Naza  in  an  effort  to  break  through  to  the  beleaguered  battalion  on  its  right  flank.  To 
divert  the  Boche  attention  from  this  column,  the  308th  and  remainder  of  the  307th  made  a  noisy 
demonstration  along  the  whole  brigade  front.  The  ruse  was  successful  and  the  relief  column  had 
made  considerable  progress  up  the  ravine  before  it  was  discovered  by  the  enemy.  Thereafter,  it 
had  to  fight  its  way.  especially  against  point-blank  machine-gun  fu-e  from  the  Bois  de  Apremont  on 
the  right  flank.  But  with  the  incentive  of  starving,  battling  comrades  in  front,  whose 
motto  had  become  "  No  surrender, "  the  column  forged  slowly  but  surely  ahead  to  the 
cry    of   "Never   give   up." 

Liaison  became  increasingly  difficult.  One  of  the  greatest  problems  our  troops  had  to  face  in 
the  Argonne  was  proper  maintenance  of  liaison.  Communication,  not  only  with  neighboring 
divisions  on  our  right  and  left,  but  also  between  the  units  in  our  own  line,  was  kept  up  only  with 
the  greatest  difficulty.  Companies  would  proceed  for  a  way,  side  by  side,  then  suddenly  a  deep  ravine 
would  step  in  between  them.  Supports,  in  as  good  order  as  permitted  by  the  wild  growth  they 
were  struggling  through,  would  be  following  somewhere  behind  the  front  line,  when  suddenly 
they  would  find  themselves  floundering  in  a  swamp.  Ruimers  and  connecting  patrols  were  called 
upon  to  accomplish  the  feats  of  Iroquois  Indians. 

Frequently  night  advances  were  necessary,  especially  at  times  of  reliefs.  Heavy  mists  blan- 
keted the  woods  after  dark.     Compasses  were  then  of  Uttle  use  because  lights  were  out  of  the 

[74] 


question.  If  the  runners  and  guides  found  themselves  confronted  by  a  hard  task  in  daylight, 
they  simply  had  to  develop  a  sixth  sense  by  night. 

Even  messages  had  a  way  of  getting  distorted  in  the  dark.  One  column  filing  through  the  woods, 
each  man  with  his  hand  on  the  shoulder  of  the  man  in  front,  started  a  message  from  the  head  to 
the  rear — "Watch  out  for  holes."  In  about  ten  minutes,  the  indignant  Ueutenant  bringing  up  the 
rear  made  his  way  to  the  head  of  the  column  and  demanded  to  know  what  the  Sam  Hill  kind  of  a 
drive  this  was  to  send  back  the  message  "Wash  out  yer  clothes. " 

The  proper  formation  of  advance  was  also  an  ever-present  problem.  Paths  were  dangerous  to 
follow  because  the  Boche  had  every  path  covered  with  machine  guns.  It  was  equally  dangerous 
to  go  crashing  through  the  trailless  forest  because  he  could  detect  yom'  position  by  sound  and  bring 
the  Maxim  into  play  with  deadly  accuracy.  Where  there  were  no  trails,  he  had  constructed  other 
lines  of  fire  in  the  form  of  barbed  trip  wire  concealed  along  the  ground  and  chicken  wire,  hidden 
by  trees  and  brushes  until  you  suddenly  ran  up  against  it. 

It  was  a  hard  thing  to  determine  what  was  the  best  method  of  proceeding  and  keeping  all 
elements  in  touch  with  one  another.  "Just  put  your  head  down  and  batter  your  way  through, "  was 
about  the  only  order  that  could  be  followed.  A  Uttle  story  will  illustrate  the  spirit  in  which  the  men 
of  the  Liberty  Division  carried  on  the  advance.  A  lean,  lank  infantryman  had  just  been  Uttered 
into  the  advance  Dressing  Station  and  was  calmly  smoking  a  cigarette  whUe  the  doctors  were  attend- 
ing to  his  m£my  serious  though  not  fatal  wounds.  Partly  to  distract  his  attention  from  their  work 
of  dressing  his  injuries  and  partly  from  curiosity  to  learn  where  he  could  possibly  have  stopped  so 
much  Boche  ironw£U"e,  the  medical  men  drew  him  into  conversation.  "Well,"  he  said,  "we  came  to 
a  clearing  in  the  woods  and  there  was  a  nice  wide  stretch  of  marsh  and  soggy  field  to  charge  across 
before  we  could  get  at  the  Hun  who  was  peppering  us  from  the  opposite  trees.  Our  Ueutenant 
said  '  deploy '  and  we  did.  We  got  over  about  a  hundred  yards  of  that  clearing  when  shells  and 
machine-gun  buUets  began  to  find  us,  so  our  lieutenant  ordered  '  take  cover. '  The  grass  was  that 
high,  you  know,"  indicating  a  height  of  several  inches  with  his  uninjured  left  hand.  "Well,  what 
did  you  do.^"  asked  the  doctor.     Swiftly  and  seriously,  without  any  attempt  to  be  funny,  he  raised 


A  Lean,  Lank  Infanlryinuii  \\  ui  Being  Littered  into  an  Advance  Dressing  Statit-n 

[75] 


Mopping  Up 

his  hand  to  his  steel  helmet  and  pulled  it  down  to  an  angle  over  his  left  eye.  "That's  all.  and  kept 
on  going, "  he  said. 

With  the  .307th,  fighting  its  way  up  the  Ravine  de  Charlevaux,  our  frontal  attacks  continued. 
Nine  Companies  of  the  15 1th  Brigade  launched  a  drive  in  the  afternoon  of  October  6th,  following  an 
effective  artillery  barrage.  To  our  men  in  the  front  line  it  began  to  seem  that  the  enemy  was  at 
last  wavering.  It  appeared  as  though  he  was  not  coming  back  at  them  with  his  accustomed  fury  of 
grenades  and  whistling  bullets.  (The  divisional  artillery  had  located  the  enemy's  position  at 
La  Palette  Pavillion  with  absolute  certainty  and  between  5  and  8  A.  M.  laid  a  concentration  of  fire 
on  La  Palette  trench  to  support  this  American  attack  as  well  as  the  French  operations  on  our  left.) 
Word  was  received  in  the  evening  that  sent  cheer  through  every  tired,  hungry  man  in  our  lines. 
The  flanking  elements  of  the  307th  were  well  to  the  front  and  were  approaching  Major  Whittlesey. 

The  7th  of  October  saw  success  all  along  the  divisional  front.  In  the  morning,  orders  were  given 
to  feel  out  the  enemy  position  in  front  of  the  308th  and  if  no  resistance  was  encountered  to  push 
forward.  Our  patrols  reported  all  quiet  and  the  308th  pressed  ahead.  Rimners  brought  word 
that  the  307th  had  nearly  reached  the  Binarville-La  Viergette  Road  to  the  left  of  Charlevaux  Mill. 
Sinuiltaneously  with  the  report  that  this  force  had  finally  reached  its  objective,  came  the  electrifying 
news  that  the  308th  had  penetrated  the  enemy's  position  and  reached  Major  Whittlesey,  relieving 
his  battered,  famished,  but  unbeaten  command. 

.\bandoning  his  position  on  our  left,  the  enemy,  pressed  by  our  constant  and  vigilant  patrolling, 
together  with  harassing  artillery  fire  on  his  lines  of  communication,  began  to  withdraw  from  his 
positions  on  the  ridge  in  the  Bois  de  la  Naza.  Troops  of  the  153d  Brigade  closely  pursued  him  and 
established  their  line  on  the  road  west  of  Cross-roads  La  Viergette,  making  an  advance  of  two  kilo- 
meters. Nightfall  of  the  7th  saw  our  exhausted  but  victorious  soldiers  occupying  a  divisional 
front  running  east  through  Charlevaux  Mill  on  the  left,  along  the  Binarville-La  Viergette  Road, 
thente  along  the  north  and  south  road  held  by  the  153d  Brigade,  with  the  latter  in  liaison  to  its 
left  with  the  beleaguered  battalion  of  the  308th.  Our  entire  line  was  unified  and  intact  once  more. 
It  had  been  a  mighty  effort,  tireless,  relentless,  that  had  been  crowned  with  this  success. 


[76 


THE  PURSUIT 

There  were  rumors  of  relief  for  the  Division,  but  a  breathing  spell  only  was  allowed.  In  the 
lexicon  of  the  77th  there  was  no  such  word  as  "relief"  when  there  was  ground  to  be  gained  or  an 
enemy  to  be  beaten.  That  the  Boche  was  in  full  flight  and  would  not  stop  south  of  the  Aire  seemed 
evident.     So  after  him  went  the  Liberty  Division. 

It  soon  became  equally  evident  that  in  his  flight  he  had  not  forgotten  his  famous  rear-guard 
tactics.  South  of  La  Viergette,  the  153d  Brigade  were  greeted  in  the  morning  of  the  8th  by  the 
familiar  rat-tat-tat  of  machine  guns  and  the  crash  of  trench  mortars.  But  the  country  had  opened 
out  somewhat,  there  was  cleared  space  to  manoeuver  through.  Our  own  Stokes  mortars  were  brought 
up  to  operate  with  our  machine  guns,  firing  on  an  open  target  for  the  first  time  in  many  days,  and 
the  Boche  was  blasted  out.  One  kilo  was  the  day's  bag,  and  we  gained  to  a  line  running  along  the 
narrow  gauge  east  and  west  railroad. 

SunUght  and  blue  sky  cheered  the  eyes  of  our  battle-worn  troops  for  the  first  time  in  many  days. 
Open  fields  began  to  put  in  an  apjjearance  along  the  roads  above  La  Viergette,  and  through  the 
trees  to  the  right,  toward  Chatel  Chehery,  bright,  sunny  vistas  spread  out  below  along  the  cleared 
valley  of  the  Aire.  It  was  a  wonderful  relief  for  the  men  of  the  1.51th  Brigade  just  to  break  out  of 
the  forest  into  the  meadow  lands  east  of  Lancon,  that  bordered  the  Bois  de  la  Taille. 

During  the  next  two  days,  the  advance  continued  steadily  although  slowly  through  the  forest. 
On  October  9th,  the  304th  Machine  Gun  Battalion  was  thrown  into  the  line  to  cover  the  interval 
between  brigades,  as  both  brigades  pushed  forward.  The  usual  allotment  of  snipers  had  been  left 
behind  by  the  retreating  enemy  and  they  had  to  be  cleared  out  one  by  one.  The  check  in  our 
advance  occasioned  by  the  rescue  of  the  beleaguered  battalion  had  been  used  by  the  Germans  for 
hurrying  up  reinforcements  to  support  their  two  hard-pressed  divisions,  and  October  9th  saw  two 
regiments  from  each  of  the  Ust  and  15th  Reserve  Divisions  and  the  15th  Bavarian  Division  fighting 
for  the  Boche. 

The  307th,  which  had  taken  over  the  entire  brigade  sector  on  the  left,  meeting  considerable 


Twu  Wouiuled  Duiiyhhoys  Enjoying  Red  Cross  Refreshments — ( Jiakl  i'Jieliery,  Oclober  10,  Wlt> 

[77] 


Argonne  Outpost  Stalinn  of  the  American  Red  Cross 


rear-guard  resistance,  was  joined  in  the  front  line  by  the  308th  on  the  11th  and  the  two  regiments 
pushed  on  that  day  to  the  general  Hne  of  the  Bois  de  Negremont,  south  of  Grand-Pre,  running  to 
the  edge  of  the  woods  immediately  south  of  Chevieres,  with  detachments  forward  along  the  line  of 
the  road  and  railroad  on  the  south  bank  of  the  river  Aire. 

About  ten  kilometers  had  been  covered  in  two  days.  Meanwhile  the  305th  and  306th  side  by 
side  made  headway  through  open  country,  against  heavy  fire  from  machine  guns  and  artillery 
posted  north  of  the  river,  and  captured  La  Besogne  and  Marcq.  Chevieres  was  taken  by  a 
battalion  of  the  306th  on  October  10th.  The  next  day,  the  15  tth  Brigade  occupied  the  divisional 
front,  which  extended  along  the  river  from  the  crossing  south  of  Grand-Pre  to  Chevieres 
inclusive.  All  of  these  operations  were  accomplished  under  constant  shelling  and  ^^harassing  fire 
from  the  enemy  posted  on  the  heights  above  Grand-Pre  and  St.  Juvin. 

Our  patrols  attempted  to  get  into  Grand- 
Pre  on  the  12th,  and  the  divisional  engineers 
made  numerous  efforts  to  construct  bridges  over 
the  Aire,  but  these  activities  were  checked  by 
the  murderous  fire  from  automatic  weapons 
that  the  enemy,  with  good  observation,  was 
able  to  direct  on  our  forces.  Operations  were 
then  being  directed  from  Division  Headquarters 
established  at  Chatel  Chehery. 

At  about  this  time,  the  work  of  the  Di- 
visional Artillery  became  extremely  effective. 
The  forward  guns  in  the  edges  of  the  forest 
were  firing  with  accuracy  on  the  enemy  ma- 
chine-gun nests  across  the  river,  since  obser- 
vation was  now  possible.  Harassing  fire  was 
Edge  of  the  Argonne  laid  down  in  the  vicinity  of  Grand-Pre  and  the 


road  leading  east  to  St.  Juvin.  Excellent  observatories  were  established  on  the  heights  south  of 
the  river  from  which  all  batteries  of  the  brigade  were  accurately  adjusted.  The  enemy's  line  of 
resistance  had  now  been  reached  and  a  surprisingly  large  amount  of  German  heavy  artillery  was 
in  position  waiting  for  our  further  advance.  For  the  first  time  since  the  attack  begcui,  our  artillery 
became  engaged  in  counter-battery  work,  as  our  observatories  easily  located  the  German  guns. 

THE  VICTORY 

With  the  Argonne  completely  cleared  of  the  enemy,  it  seemed  reasonable  to  conclude  that  the 
task  of  the  77th  Division  had  been  completed.  The  work  of  taking  Grand-Pre  and  St.  Juvin  and 
cleaning  up  the  northern  bank  of  the  Aire  seemed  an  undertaking  that  would  be  reserved  for  fresh 
troops.  Tired  and  hungry,  the  mud  and  battle-grimed  fighters  of  the  forest  thought  surely  that 
"Fact"  had  at  last  overtaken  "Rumor"  and  that  the  77th  was  to  be  relieved. 

A  ringing  note  of  praise  and  congratulations  had  come  in  from  the  Commanding  General  of 
the  First  Army  Corps.  There  is  not  a  word  of  it  that  should  be  omitted  from  the  history  of  the 
77th  Division. 

"804/G.3 

Advanced  Headquarters  First  Army  Corps 

Oct.  12,  1918. 
From :     Commanding  General,  1st  Army  Corps,  U.  S. 
To:     Commanding  General,  77th  Division,  U.  S. 

Subject:    Commendation. 

1.  The  Corps  Commander  directs  me  to  inform  you  that  he  feels  once  more  during  the  present 
operations  called  upon  to  express  his  gratification  and  appreciation  of  the  work  of  the  77th  Division. 

2.  This  Division  has  been  in  the  line  constantly  since  the  night  of  the  25th  of  September,  under 
circumstances  at  least  as  difficult  as  those  which  have  confronted  any  other  Division  of  the  1st  Army. 

3.  In  spite  of  these  conditions  your  command  has  pushed  steadily  forward  on  a  line  with  fore- 
most, and  to-day  after  eighteen  days  of  constant  fighting  is  still  ready  to  respond  to  any  demand 
made  upon  it. 

4.  The  Corps  Commander  is  proud  indeed  of  such  a  unit  as  yours  and  congratulates  you  on 
such  a  command. 

Malin  Craig, 

Chief  of  Staff." 

But  sweet  as  was  the  thought  of  relief,  when  the  77th  men  were  told  that  the  neighboring  divi- 
sion on  our  right  had  been  blocked  in  three  attempts  to  take  St.  Juvin  and  that  the  beUef  was  growing 
that  St.  Juvin  was  impregnable  to  a  frontal  attack,  they  squared  their  jaws  and  knew  that  it  spelled 
for  them  "Action,  Front! "  The  soldiers  of  the  Liberty  Division  simply  tightened  their  belts,  looked 
over  their  pieces,  oiled  up  their  machine  guns — and  they  were  ready. 

"Column  right"  was  the  order,  and  the  306th  swung  ofi"  at  right  angles  to  take  position  behind 
Marcq  and  one  kilometer  west  of  Cornay,  in  readiness  to  attack.     This  was  on  the  13th. 

During  that  night  and  the  early  morning  following,  harassing  artillery  fire  was  deUvered  on  the 
woods  and  roads  in  the  vicinity  of  Grand-Pre  and  St.  Juvin.  Under  the  protection  of  this  fire,  the 
302d  Engineers  made  several  unsuccessful  attempts  to  bridge  the  Aire  in  front  of  St.  Juvin.  The 
enemy  fiie  destroyed  their  work  as  fast  as  it  was  completed. 

At  8:30  on  the  morning  of  the  14th,  the  306th  attacked,  with  battalions  arranged  in  depth,  sup- 
ported by  the  2d  and  3d  Battalions  of  the  30.5th.  The  jumping-ofT  place  for  the  leading  battalion 
was  the  front  line  of  the  326th  Infantry  (82d  Division),  from  Marcq  east  to  the  Aire.  This  regi- 
ment was  side  slipped  to  the  right  to  give  our  men  room  to  operate.  As  the  1st  Battalion  of  the 
306th  advanced  through  Marcq  to  the  attack,  the  way  was  prepared  for  them  by  Companies  A  and 

[79] 


Twenty-eight  '. 


( '(iplured  in  One  Dugout 


D  of  the  305tli  Machine  Gun  Battalion.  Early  that  morning  these  two  companies  had  taken  po- 
sitions, reconnoitered  the  day  before,  on  the  high  ridge,  900  meters  southeast  of  Marcq.  The 
battery  positions  were  excellent,  as  they  afforded  indirect  fire  with  direct  observation  on  the  target. 

Arrived  at  the  river-bank  south  of  St.  Juvin,  the  1st  Battalion,  306th,  made  several  attempts 
to  cross  the  river,  but  all  were  checked  with  heavy  casualties.  Of  the  officers  alone,  seven  were 
killed  here  and  as  many  more  were  wounded. 

At  this  crisis,  the  2d  Battalion  of  the  306th  executed  an  enveloping  movement  on  the  town  from 
tlie  right,  with  the  3d  Battalion,  306th,  in  close  support. 

East  of  Marcq.  a  crossing  of  the  Aire  was  forced  by  Company  H,  306th,  and  St.  Juvin  attacked 
from  the  south  and  east.  Some  of  the  men  waded  the  river,  others  scrambled  across  on  i)lanks. 
Forty-five  minutes  after  crossing  the  river,  the  troops  entered  the  town  and  captured  150  prisoners. 
The  2d  and  3d  Battalions  of  the  305th  crossed  the  river  close  behind  the  attacking  battalion  of  the 
306th  and  supported  the  latter  in  mopping  up  the  town  and  holding  it. 

That  afternoon,  the  conquest  of  St.  Juvin  and  its  environs  was  completed  by  the  capture  of 
Hill  182,  a  strongly  concentrated  enemy  position  directly  north  of  the  town.  The  capture  was  made 
by  Company  H,  of  the  306th,  and  a  detachment  of  Company  D,  of  the  305th  Machine-gun  Battal- 
ion. A  body  of  150  Germans  holding  the  crest  of  this  hiU  were  all  either  killed,  wounded  or  put  to 
flight.  Our  forces  immediately  spread  out  and  dominated  the  roads  east  and  west  of  the  town. 
Liaison  was  soon  established  with  the  82d  Division  on  the  right. 

Before  reaching  the  town.  Company  H  of  the  306th  and  the  machine-gun  d(>tachment  that 
engineered  the  attack  from  our  right  flank  were  obliged  to  charge  across  open  fields  under  intens(> 
fire.  When  they  gained  the  outskirts  of  St.  Juvin,  the  infantry  company  mustered  only  forty  men 
and  the  machine  gunners,  one  gun  and  four  men  beside  their  lieutenant.  After  the  fighting  in  the 
town,  the  infantry  were  reduced  to  twenty-six  men.  In  all,  three  hundred  and  fifty  prisoners, 
including  three  majors,  one  captain  and  one  lieutenant,  were  taken  in  St.  Juvin  l.y  the 
153d  Brigade,  and  most  of  these  were  the  prizes  of  twenty-six  American  doughboys  and 
four  machine  gunners. 


80 


The  capture  of  St.  Juvin  won  for  the  153d  Brigade  the  following  commendation  of  the  Divi- 
sion Commander,  contained  in  General  Orders: — 

Headquarters,  77th  Division 
General  Orders  Ambrican  E.  F. 

No.  11th  October.  1918. 

1.  The  Division  Commander  congratulates  most  heartily  the  troops  of  this  Division  upon  the 
successful  result  of  the  operations  of  the  14th  of  October.  A  difficult  night  march  was  involved  to 
place  the  1.5.3d  Brigade  in  the  proper  position  for  attack,  which  march  was  accompHshed.  the  attack 
made  and  the  objective  set  for  the  day's  effort  successfully  reached.  In  the  course  of  the  operations 
a  large  number  of  prisoners,  including  officers  of  superior  rank,  were  taken  by  the  153d  Brigade. 

This  success,  coming  as  it  does  in  the  course  of  a  campaign  which  has  already  lasted  eighteen 
days,  made  under  circumstances  which  have  tested  to  the  limit  the  skill,  courage  and  endurance 
of  officers  and  men,  demonstrates  once  more  the  indomitable  spirit  and  courage  of  this  Division. 
The  Division  Commander,  reiterating  the  commendation  already  twice  made  by  the  Corps  Com- 
mander (jf  the  work  of  this  organization,  feels  that  it  is  indeed  an  honor  to  him  to  command  such 

Robert  Alexander, 

Major-General.  Commanding. 

The  enemy  had  not  yielded  St.  Juvin,  however.  On  the  night  of  the  14th.  no  less  than  six  bar- 
rages were  poured  into  .St.  Juvin  and  the  valley  south  of  the  village  and  continuous  harassing  fire  of 
artillery,  trench  mortars  and  machine  guns  swept  the  positions  of  oiu-  troops  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
town.  A  great  deal  of  the  enemy's  fire  fell  on  our  rear  fines  and  caught  the  divisional  reserve  in 
the  vaUey  at  La  Besogne.  inflicting  twenty-five  casualties  among  the  machine  gunners  of  the  divi- 
sional machine-gun  battalion,  held  in  reserve  at  that  point.  In  the  morning  over  came  the  counter- 
attack.    A  severe  fight  ensued,  but  St.  Juvin  stayed  in  our  hands. 

The  same  kind  of  business  was  going  on  at  the  left  of  our  line  with  the  307th  and  the  308th  handing 
out  the  goods.     St.  Juvin  without  Grand-Pre  was  a  condition  not  to  be  tolerated. 

On  the  14th,  the  308th  threw  one  battaUon  across  the  Aire 

to  the  east  of  Grand-Pre,  with  its  right  resting  at  La  Lairesse  and 

its  left  at  Chevieres.     The  mission  of  this  force  was  to  move  by 

the  left  and  cut  the  enemy's  communications  in  the  east,  thus 

assisting  in  the  operations  against  St.  Juvin 

then  under  way.      This  mission  it  proceeded 

to   carry  out  on   the   morning   of  the   14th. 

Meanwhile  the  main  attack  against  Grand-Pre 

was  preparing. 


Defending  Hill  1S2  Against  Counter-. \Uack 


[81] 


Hailr(/ad  •Slalion  at  Grand-Pre,  Looking  iMorlhwest 

The  divisional  artillery,  which  had  established  an  observation  post,  directed  the  fire  of  its 
155's  with  unerring  accuracy  into  the  town.  From  point  of  vantage  on  the  hill  in  Bois  de  \egre- 
mont,  our  machine  guns  and  37  mm.  poured  their  fire  into  it.  With  this  protection,  and  under  the 
cover  of  rifle  and  Chauchat  fire  which  distracted  the  enemy's  attention,  two  platoons  of  Co.  B,  307th, 
waded  the  river  unobserved  by  the  Germans  and  reached  the  island  south  of  the  town.  Foot 
bridges  were  constructed,  and  soon  the  balance  of  the  1st  Battalion  gained  the  island.  During  the 
night,  they  were  joined  by  Company  I.  At  daybreak  of  the  15th,  we  attacked.  Company  D  en- 
circled the  town  from  the  west.  Company  A  rushed  in  on  the  left  and  Company  C  on  the  right. 
Company  B  remained  in  support  just  south  of  the  village.  The  Americans  came  on  them  from  all 
sides,  and  the  Germans  broke  and  fled  into  the  hills  to  the  north,  leaving  1  officer,  2  N.  C.  O.'s, 
eight  light  and  two  heavy  machine  guns  to  be  gathered  up  by  A  and  C  companies,  when  they 
mopped  up  the  town.     Grand-Pre  was  ours. 

Thus  ended  the  "Wilderness  Campaign."  That  night,  the  Liberty  Division  was  reUeved  on 
the  Grand-Pre-St.  Juvin  front  by  the  78th  Division  of  the  American  Army.  Both  brigades  were 
drawn  back,  the  153d  to  Camp  de  Bouzon  and  the  154th  to  the  vicinity  of  Chene  Tendu  and  Abri 
du  Crochet.  After  three  weary  weeks  of  constant  fighting  and  exposure,  rest  had  come.  The 
thought  of  baths  and  shaves  and  clean  clothing  to  replace  the  itching,  tattered  rags  they  were 
wearing,  filled  every  tired,  grimy  soldier  with  joy.  Gaunt  faces  grew  cheerful  at  the  idea  of  food 
in  plenty  to  fill  out  the  hollows  and  build  up  strength  that  was  nearly  spent.  Spirits  needed  no 
bracing.     They  had  been  put  through  the  fire  and  come  out  fine  steel. 

In  their  struggle  through  twenty-two  kilometers  of  dense  woods  and  across  the  Aire,  fighting 
against  five  German  divisions,  the  77th  Division  had  taken,  beside  the  vast  territory  included  in 
the  forest  itself,  the  towns  of  Chevieres,  IVIarcq,  St.  Juvin  and  Grand-Pre,  and  captured  ten  cannons, 
155  machine  guns  and  631  prisoners,  the  latter  including  12  officers.  The  cost  had  been  heavy. 
Our  casualties  included  24  officers  and  537  men  killed,  and  98  officers  and  3,038  men  wounded  and 
missing. 

This  was  the  story  of  the  Argonne — the  undertaking,  the  preparation,  the  attack,  the  pursuit, 
the  victory.  The  victory  won  by  the  men  of  the  77th  Division  was  a  moral  as  well  as  a  physical 
victory.  They  had  shown  to  the  world  that  the  soldiers  of  America's  National  Army,  in  endurance, 
aggressiveness  and  spirit,  were  the  equal  of  any  soldiers  on  the  Western  front.     With  the  tenacity 


82 


Ruins  of  Grand-Pre,  Looking  North 

of  a  pack  of  beagles,  they  had  routed  the  snarling  Boche  tiger  from  the  wilderness  he  had  grown  to 
consider  forever  his  own.  They  had  given  a  pull  to  the  bell  that  was  sounding  the  knell  of  German 
hopes.  They  had  proved  to  Germany  that  Americans  could  accomplish  the  impossible.  They  had 
captured  the  FOREST  OF  ARGONNEl 


chateau  at  Orand-fre,  Looking  South 

[83] 


g         Legend 

Division  Post  Command 
r:  GRAY-5ector  Boundaries 
^ Khaki-  Fr.ont    Lines 
^  Railroad        *— s—/  First  Class  Roads 


PHASE  VII 


Advance  on  Sedan 

HE  final  push  of  the  77th  Division  from  the  Aire  to  the  Meuse  may  well  be 
called  the  "Advance  on  Sedan";  for  it  was  before  that  historic  French  city  that 
this  Division  halted  its  victorious  march  forward  when  (ierniany  cried, 
'"Enough!  ' 

Where  Prussian  beat  Frenchman,  so  American  beat  Prussian,  and  as  far 
f/^P^^HI^H^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^^^  Division  is  concerned,  on  the  very  same  spot  that  the  war  of  1870 
»^^i^^^^5^B    was  decided. 

ILvi_* — -  ^^  ■*  It  was  on  Sedan  that  American  guns  were  trained  and  it  was  this  same  city 

that  was  about  to  be  hberated  by  the  Liberty  Division  when  Berlin's  acceptance  of  the  Allied 
terms  was  announced. 

Sedan  was  reached  after  a  hard  campaign.  Through  line  after  line  of  enemy  islets  of  resis- 
tance, so  linked  as  to  form  an  uninterrupted  chain  of  fu-e,  the  77th  pushed  its  way  forward  for  a 
distance  of  thirtyVseven  and  one-half  kilometers  in  the  last  days  of  the  war,  until  it  reached  the 
heights  overlooking  the  site  of  the  deciding  battle  of  the  Franco-Prussian  conflict,  almost  50  years 
before.  In  the  latter  stages  of  the  campaign,  the  rapidity  of  the  movement  forward,  the  rainy 
weather,  poor  condition  of  the  roads  and  the  overcoming  of  obstacles  left  by  the  fleeing  Germans 
converted  the  operation  into  one  of  endurance  rather  than  combat.  The  spirit  of  deteimination 
was  everywhere — the  Yank  was  not  to  be  outdone  by  the  Boche — and  every  man  in  the  Division, 
from  the  commander  down  to  private,  was  working  as  if  the  whole  issue  of  the  struggle  depended 
upon  him  alone. 

The  divisions  on  the  left  flank  of  the  77th  during  the  advance  were  the  78th,  12d  and  a  French 
unit,  while  the  right  flank  was  brought  up  by  the  80th,  1st  and  2d. 

The  beginning  of  the  drive  found  the  now  heroes  of  the  Forest  d'Argonne  in  a  support  position 
in  the  rear  of  their  last  objective,  a  line  running  approximately  between  Grand-Pre  and  St.  Juvin. 
Here  they  remained  for  two  weeks,  re-equipping  themselves  and  refilling  the  depleted  ranks.  They 
were  constantly  under  the  shellfii-e  of  the  Boche  and  lived  in  dugouts  and  huts  recently  wrested 
from  the  (iermans.  One  of  the  brigades  alone  had  lacked  some  3,500  men,  more  than  twice  the 
strength  of  the  old  "peace-time"  regiment. 

The  spirit  of  the  men  was  excellent.  The  end  of  the  day  would  find  them,  not  around  a  camp 
fire,  because  they  were  not  permitted  so  close  to  the  enemy  lines,  but  gathered  in  little  groups  here 
and  there,  each  trying  to  outdo  the  other  in  a  song  fest. 

Even  the  news  of  the  fall  of  Turkey,  the  passing  of  Austria  and  the  imminent  capitulation  of 
Germany  had  no  bad  effect  on  the  Yankee  soldier.  He  went  ahead  just  as  if  he  had  the  whole 
four  and  one-half  years  before,  instead  of  behind  him. 

Belief  night  is  a  big  event  in  the  life  of  a  soldier.  To  the  observer  who  is  not  trained  along 
military  lines  it  would  remind  him  of  the  cook's  fatal  mistake — pouring  salt  into  the  half-filled  sugar 
barrel.  The  task  is  a  big  one  and  sometimes,  to  simplify  matters,  the  various  units  are  relieved  on 
different  nights.  But  not  so  with  the  77th  Division  this  time.  It  was  to  attack  inunediately  after 
the  relief  was  complete  and  it  was  important  that  every  unit  go  into  position  at  practically  the  same 
time.  For  precautionary  reasons,  however,  a  Ught  screen  of  the  78th  Division  was  left  in  the  front 
line  almost  to  zero  hour.  In  this  way  the  Americans  succeeded  in  withholding  from  the  Boche  all 
information  as  to  the  relief  until  it  was  too  late. 

It  was  a  busy  night  along  the  roads  in  that  vicinity  on  the  night  of  October  31st,  and  the  intense 


85 


Where  Prussian  Beat  Frenchman,  American  Beat  Prussian 


[86] 


darkness  added  to  the  difficulties  of  getting  into  place.  The  highways  were  filled  with  troops  and 
trcinsport,  but  the  only  noise  that  could  be  heard  was  the  low  commands  of  the  officers  and  the  rum- 
bling of  the  heavy  wagons.  Certainly,  it  was  said,  the  Boche  would  fire  if  he  only  knew  what  a 
fine  target  he  had.     To  make  matters  worse,  a  fight  rain  began  to  faU  shortly  after  midnight. 

Notwithstanding  the  grim  seriousness  of  a  refief,  there  were  amusing  sides.  Outstanding  of 
these,  at  this  particular  time,  is  the  reprimand  of  a  major  at  the  hands  of  a  wagoner  from  the  307th 
Infantry  supply  train. 

"Put  out  that  cigarette  and  do  it  quick.  You  doughboys  wiU  get  us  killed  by  your  careless- 
ness," the  wagoner  said  in  a  stern  voice.  When  he  learned  of  his  mistake  he  "laid  the  whip"  to  the 
horses  and  disappeared  in  the  darkness. 

Division  Orders  Nos.  59  and  60,  which  caUed  for  the  advance  of  the  77th  Division,  placed  the 
153d  Brigade  as  the  forward  element  with  the  154th  Brigade  and  304th  Machine-gun  BattaUon  as 
the  divisional  reserve.  The  305th  Infantry  was  assigned  the  front  line  duties  of  the  attacking 
brigade,  while  the  other  regiment  constituted  the  brigade  reserve.  The  305th  Infantry  moved  into 
position  in  the  Ravine  Aux  Pierres  on  the  fine  of  departure.  The  306th  Infantry  was  stationed  a 
short  distance  south  of  St.  Juvin.  Next  came  the  disposition  of  the  divisional  reserve.  The  307th 
Infantry  was  ordered  to  Pylon  with  orders  to  foUow  the  attacking  brigade  at  not  less  than  one 
kilometer.  The  308th  Infantry  remained  in  the  vicinity  of  Marcq,  the  headquarters  of  the  divi- 
sional reserve. 

Heavy  guns  and  caissons,  coupled  with  the  reconnaissance  of  the  terrain,  makes  the  disposing 
of  artillery  units  slower  than  that  of  the  foot-troops,  so  that  organization  was  forced  to  stait  much 
earlier  in  making  its  preparations.  The  152d  Artillery  Brigade,  "Our 
Artillery,"  as  the  doughboys  call  it,  began  taking  position  on  the  night  of 
October  26th.  The  light  regiments  were  placed  between  Marcq  and  Som- 
merance  for  operation  against  the  now  famed  Kriemhilde  SteUung,  while 
the  heavy  regiment  was  divided  between  La  Besogne  and  Cornay. 

Long  before  the  various  units  reached  their  assigned  positions,  ob- 
servers and  scouts  were  reconnoitering  the  front  in  anticipation  of  the 
forward  movement.  They  found  that  the  German  defensive  tactics  over 
wide  areas,  especiaUy  in  reai-guard  actions,  had  not  changed — it  was  based 
almost  whoUy  on  the  use  of  artillery  and 
machine  guns.  Among  the  most  important 
disclosures  was  the  fact  that  the  enemy  had 
organized  all  forest  crests  and  ravines  into 
fortresses  for  prolonged  machine-gun  resist- 
ance. Along  the  military  crests  of  hiUs,  on 
forward  and  reverse  slopes,  so  as  to  command 
an  approach  from  the  front,  rear  and  flank, 
the  Boche  had  estabUshed  machine-gun  nests 
manned  by  the  heavy  type  of  gun.  Near 
these  positions,  deep  dugouts  were  built  to 
shelter  the  crew.  Scattered  about  on  the 
slopes  of  wooded  hills  were  higher  machine- 
gun  positions,  consisting  of  shallow  funk- 
holes,  so  placed  that  the  guns  shooting  from 
them  along  the  surface  of  the  ground  created 
interlocking  bands  of  fire  extending  completely 
around  the  base  of  the  hill.  At  the  end  of 
every  trail  and  covering  every  road,  railroad, 

tramway  and  path,  there  was  a  machine  gun  of  the  light  or  heavy  type.  There  is  another  type 
of  machine  gunner;  although  he  cannot  be  observed  before  the  fight  he  invariably  springs  up  during 
an  advance.     He  is  the  sniper,  who  takes  his  chance  position  whenever  opportunity  presents  itself. 

This  extensive  system  of  machine-gun  defense  and  a  few  isolated  batteries  of  artillery  is  what 
the  New  Yorkers  faced. 


This  Exlensive  Sysleni  of  M(ultine-f!un  Defense  is  What 
the  New  Yorkers  Faced 


87 


iiii 


Sullen  skies  hung  over  the  battle-field  in  front  of  Champigneulle  on  the  morning  of  November  1, 
and  the  grey  streaks  of  dawn  piercing  the  blackened  heavens  told  the  infantryman  that  the  hour  for 
the  "hop-over"  was  drawing  near.  At  that  hour  of  the  morning,  it  appeared  that  it  would  be  an 
ideal  day  for  the  attack.     A  mist  hung  in  the  air. 

The  artillery  preparation  had  been  in  progress  for  almost  two  hours,  tearing  the  enemy  re- 
sistance out  by  the  roots.  All  Hunland  was  lighted  by  the  bursting  of  American  shells.  The  roar 
of  the  big  guns  in  the  rear  was  deafening. 

Observation  had  showed  a  formidable  trench  system  on  the  hills,  southwest  of  Champigneulle, 
commanding  the  valley  to  the  south  of  the  town.     This  was  one  of  the  main  taigets  of  the  American 

artillery,  as  well  as  a  small  trench  system  to 
the  east  of  the  first  day's  objective.  With  the 
artillery  preparation  over,  the  infantry  began 
the  advance  up  the  steep  hill  leading  to  Cham- 
pigneulle. 

The  first  day's  fight  bore  little  fruit, 
although  a  small  advance  was  made.  In  the 
face  of  stubborn  resistance,  mostly  machine 
guns  which  had  escaped  the  terrific  bombard- 
ment of  the  American  artiUery,  troops  of  the 
77th  Division  moved  forward.  Two  companies 
reached  the  intermediate  objective — a  road 
running  between  Champigneulle  and  St. 
Georges.  The  heaviest  resistance  came  from 
the  trench  system,  southeast  of  Champigneulle 
and  from  Min  IMohin,  but  was  soon  overcome 
when  machine  gun  was  placed  against  machine 
gun.  The  Germans  were  no  match  for  the 
Americans  in  this  instance,  despite  the  expert 
reputation  of  the  enemy  in  the  handhng  and 
disposition  of  the  deadly  automatic  weapon. 
One  of  the  advanced  companies  was  counter- 
attacked three  times  during  the  afternoon,  but 
drove  back  the  enemy  to  the  valley  north  of 
the  front  fine  position  each  time.  Three  hun- 
dred Germans  were  seen  to  enter  this  valley 
three  different  times  for  reformation  prepara- 
tory to  the  launching  of  a  new  counter  stroke. 
The  day's  operation  netted  only  a  small  gain 
•.  in  ground  and  nine  Boche  machine  guns  of  the 

light  and  heavy  t>T3es.  It  was  only  a  nibble 
*  from  the  77th's  point  of  view. 

It  began  to  look  as  if  the  Germans  were 

to  employ  their  "fight  to  the  last  man"  tactics 

L.i.a:\„  iu  L.i„ii,.ij,iiiuii,.t.  l.„„kn,ii  i.a^,;  3"^  the  pubUcatiou  of  an  intercepted  Boche 

message  left  Uttle  doubt  of  it.  Some  idea  of 
the  German  estimate  of  the  importance  of  holding  the  general  fine  on  which  the  77th  was 
attacking  may  be  gained  from  this  communication.  It  was  signed  by  General  Von  der  Marwitz, 
then  in  command  of  the  German  forces  which  were  opposing  the  Americans,  and  pointed  out 
that  if  the  United  States  troops  broke  through  the  Longuyon-Sedan  railroad  practically  the 
only  German  escape  from  the  west  would  be  cut.  The  German  commander's  appeal  to  the 
ranks  gave  added  evidence  of  the  gradual  weakening  morale  of  the  Teutonic  armies. 

The  second  day  of  the  advance  found  Colonel  George  Vidmer  in  command  of  the  153d  Brigade, 
with  both  regiments  in  line.  After  a  short  artillery  preparation,  the  men  leaped  from  their  positions 
and  rushed  Champigneulle.  determined  to  make  up  for  the  check  of  the  day  before.     The  town  fell 


[88] 


PanorniiKi  of  ('.liiiniiiiijm-nlte — Taken  from  Hill  Soiilli  uiul  E<isl  of  Town 

after  a  half-hour's  bitter  fighting.  The  actual  entrance  into  the  town  was  delaye^l  a  few  minutes 
because  of  "our  own  artillery  fire" — the  infantry  reaching  the  objective  ahead  of  schedule. 

A  German  officer  who  was  captured  at  this  point  told  intelligence  officers  that  he  couki  not 
understand  American  tactics  in  the  field.  "Your  men  came  from  the  front,  rear  and  flanks,"  he 
concluded. 

ChampigneuUe  was  taken  early  in  the  morning  and  the  greater  part  of  a  day  still  remained. 
Officers  hurriedly  reformed  platoons  and  pushed  on.  Both  regiments  kept  up  a  steady  advance 
until,  at  noon,  aeroplanes  reported  that  the  forward  elements  were  north  of  Verpel,  a  little  town 
four  kilometers  north  of  ChampigneuUe.  It  was  taken  about  10  o'clock  in  the  morning  by  men  of  the 
306th  Infantry.  Nineteen  prisoners  were  also  seized.  It  now  became  necessary  for  the  Brigade 
Commander  to  move  his  headcjuarters  forward  and  the  town  which  was  taken  early  in  the  morning 
was  selected  as  the  place. 

So  rapid  did  the  advance  become,  with  such  little  opposition,  that  it  was  thought  probable 
that  the  movement  could  be  given  added  impetus  by  supplying  motor  trucks  for  the  foot  troops. 
Automobiles  were  sent  ahead  but,  owing  to  the  poor  condition  of  the  roads  and  the  rapid  advance  of 
the  column,  they  were  unable  to  catch  up  and  were  forced  to  return  to  the  brigade  base.  During 
the  afternoon  and  evening  still  further  progress  was  made  and  the  night  summary  at  brigade  head- 
quarters showed  Harricourt,  Thenorgues  and  Bar  in  the  hands  of  the  77th  Division.  At  Harri- 
court,  considerable  enemy  shelling  and  machine-gun  resistance  was  encountered  but  was  soon 
overcome  by  the  effectiveness  of  the  American  machine  gun  and  artillery.  Patrols  were  sent  out 
in  the  direction  of  Autruche  and  contact  was  regained  with  the  enemy,  who  by  this  time  appeared 
to  be  transforming  his  retreat  into  a  rout.  Nevertheless  the  German  official  communication  of  that 
day,  said: — 

"We  have  re-adjusted  our  position  to  a  depth  of  ten  miles." 

At  Harricourt  there  occurred  a  good  example  of  the  excitement  which  an  infantryman  ex- 
periences, breaking  the  monotony  of  an  advance.  A  forward  company  was  entering  the  town, 
when  suddenly  one  of  the  runners  noticed  three  men  standing  on  the  crest  of  the  hill.  As  they  got 
close,  the  Germans  were  ordered  to  come  down  on  the  road.  The  Germans  replied,  "Welche 
Kompanie? "  thinking  that  the  Americans  were  a  part  of  a  retreating  company  of  Germans.  The 
soldiers  drew  their  automatics  and  the  old  familiar  cry  of  "Kamerad"  came  from  the  Boche. 

The  prisoners  were  taken  to  battalion  headquarters  and  quizzed.  They  said  that  they  were 
estabhshing  a  machine-gun  post  on  the  crest  of  the  hill.  One  of  the  prisoners  said  that  he  was  a 
cook  and  that  he  had  a  pot  of  stewed  rabbit  on  the  fire  in  a  dugout  near  the  proposed  machine-gun 
post.  With  the  permission  of  the  battalion  commander,  the  runner  was  directed  to  the  dugout 
by  the  captured  German;  and  the  stewed  rabbit,  as  well  as  turnips,  potatoes  and  coffee,  was  brought 
into  camp. 

Aeroplane  photographs,  showing  several  machine-gun  emplacements  just  outside  of  the  town  of 
Verpel,  were  verified  when  the  infantry  cleared  the  place  of  hostile  troops.     These  machine  guns  had 

[89] 


been  located  in  a  commanding  position  and  could  have  seriously  delayed  the  advance  had  it  not  been 
for  the  close  cooperation  of  the  artillery.  The  concealment  of  the  German  automatics  was  almost 
perfect,  being  hidden  in  the  center  of  a  laige  cabbage  patch,  which,  to  use  the  words  of  a  private, 
was  converted  into  a  sauerkraut  field  when  the  artillery  opened  fire. 

The  defense  of  Thenorgues,  which  consisted  of  a  line  of  fox  holes  and  a  few  machine  guns,  was 
hastily  abandoned  by  the  Germans  as  a  result  of  the  terrific  onslaught  of  the  Americans. 


The  Dirisiun  Encountered  Many  Such  Isk-ls  of  Enemy  liesislance 

So  far  as  the  divisional  reserve  was  concerned,  it  was  just  a  question  of  maintaining  proper 
distance  between  the  attacking  troops  and  its  front-line  elements.  This  necessitated  a  move  to 
Verpel  and  eventually  to  Germont,  the  reserve  going  to  the  latter  town  owing  to  the  congested 
condition  of  the  highways. 

The  306th  Infantry  continued  the  advance  on  the  following  day,  the  305th  reverting  back  to 
brigade  reserve.     At  the  start  of  the  movement,  there  was  little  resistance  encountered  for  the  first 


QOl 


Cruss  Roads  in  Town  of  CImnipigneiille 

few  kilometers.  The  Boche  had  apparently  retreated  to  the  heights  outside  of  Oche,  the  intel- 
ligence officers  thought,  and  later  developments  proved  their  surmise  nearly  correct.  The  towns  of 
Autruche  and  Fontenoy  were  taken  with  ease,  but  there  accompanied  the  Uberation  the  usual 
overcoming  of  determined  Boche  machine  gunners.  The  support  "wave,"  sweeping  by  Autruche, 
saw  two  gunners,  still  at  their  posts  in  the  emplacement,  with  two  extra  belts  of  cartridges  in  the  laps 
of  the  lifeless  forms.  Between  Fontenoy  and  Harricourt,  three  light  German  batteries  had  remained 
in  position  until  the  last  minute,  making  every  effort  to  stay  the  advance  of  the  Yankee  forces. 
Soon  the  Germans  decided  that  the  time  for  retirement  was  at  hand,  but  for  two  of  the  batteries 
it  was  too  late.  When  the  American  infantry  rushed  the  remaining  batteries,  the  rammer  staffs 
were  in  the  guns  and  the  breech  blocks  were  found  lying  in  some  copse  within  throwing  distance. 
Eight  cannon  is  no  small  prize  for  a  platoon 
of  infantry,  and  the  brigade  commander 
recognized  the  fact  in  his  report  to  the  divi- 
sion commander. 

At  Autruche,  a  major,  one  of  the  first  to 
enter  the  place,  went  into  a  house  which  was 
marked  in  EngUsh,  "For  Officers  Only."  On 
the  mantelpiece  there  were  two  German 
pistols  and  several  officers'  helmets.  Above 
these,  tacked  on  the  wall,  was  a  sign  which 
read:  "Souvenirs  for  you  Americans.  We 
will  be  home  by  Christmas  and  you  won't. " 

The  Heights  of  St.  Pierremont  could  be 
seen  in  the  distance  as  the  soldiers  continued 
their  march.     The  town  itself  was  entered  with 

Httle  or  no  resistance,  but  off  to  the  right,  on  the  top  of  a  large  hill,  machine  guns  continued  to 
harass  the  Americans.  The  Battalion  Commander  ordered  the  nest  exterminated  and  a  platoon 
of  infantry  and  a  section  of  machine  gunners  were  selected  for  the  job.  To  get  into  a  com- 
manding position  it  was  necessary  for  the  men  to  cross  an  open  field  for  a  distance  of  about 
five  hundred  yards.      The  infantry  crossed  the  open  spot  deployed.      Their  presence  did  not 


German  77  Capliired  by  the  77th  Division,  November  illi, 
Near  Busancv 


91 


interest  the  Germans,  but  when  the  section  of  machine  gunners,  following  about  fifty  yards 
beiiind.  made  their  appearance,  they  met  with  heavy  fire.  The  sergeant  of  the  section  was 
killed.  leaving  the  men  without  a  leader.  All  were  lying  flat  looking  to  the  other  to  suggest  the 
next  move.  Finally  one  of  the  men  located  a  dead  horse  about  two  hundred  yards  away.  He 
motioned  to  the  remainder  of  the  trio  and  they  all  proceeded  to  crawl  for  what  seemed  to  be  the  only 
bit  of  cover  in  the  whole  field.  One  of  the  men  dragged  a  gun,  the  other  a  tripod,  while  the  third 
managed  to  drag  a  couple  of  boxes  of  ammunition.  Once  behind  the  horse  the  gun  was  mounted  and 
a  steady  stream  of  bullets  was  played  on  the  machine-gun  nest,  allowing  the  infantry  to  advance  and 
take  what  (Jermans  were  left  at  the  point  of  a  bayonet. 

I  p  to  St.  Pierrcm(jnt,  the  .'501th  Machine-gun  Battalion  accompanied  the  first  fine  of  infantry 
over  marshy  fields,  through  woods  and  across  brooks,  covering  over  twenty-five  kilometers  during 
November  2d  and  3d,  with  every  man  in  the  battalion  carrying  either  gun,  tripod  or  two  boxes  of 
ammunition.  Immediately  on  arriving  at  St.  Pierremont,  Company  A  of  this  battalion  went  into 
action  against  the  enemy  machine-gun  nests  in  the  vicinity  of  the  town,  while  Company  B  helped 
protect  the  left  flank  of  the  divisional  advance.  Fifty-seven  of  the  machine  gunners  were  cited  for 
their  work  on  these  two  days. 

Further  up  the  line  lay  the  town  of  Oche,  whidi  will  be  long  remembered  by  the  men  of  both 
brigades  as  well  as  the  artillerymen  and  other  special  branches  who  were  there.  This  was  the  strong- 
est point  of  resistance  since  the  Champigneulle  fight,  and  it  was  here  that  the  beginning  of  the  end 
became  more  and  more  apparent. 

The  ration  limbers  were  held  up  in  the  traffic  congestion,  first  sergeants  told  their  men,  and  there 
was  little  chance  of  mess  that  night.  Things  began  to  take  on  a  rather  gloomy  aspect,  but  bright 
ened  a  little  later  when  it  was  said  that  "Corps  headquarters  announces  the  abdication  of  the 
Kaiser. " 

A  roar  of  cheers  sped  through  the  night.  Two  Cerman  prisoners  and  one  Russian,  wlien 
told  what  it  was  all  about,  clapped  their  hands  and  danced  with  glee,  much  to  the  indignation  of 
the  guard. 

A  "Leap-frog"  is  a  running  relief,  and  this  is  what  occurred  between 
Ociie  and  St.  Pierremont.  The  153d  Brigade,  which  up  until  now  had  been 
bearing  the  brunt  of  the  fighting  with  both  regiments  in  fine,  was  relieved 
by  the  other  infantry  brigade  of  the  Division,  which  pressed  the  campaign 
on  with  extreme  vigor.  Observers  and  intelligence  officers  told  unit  com- 
manders that  the  enemy  had  retreated  to  the  Meuse  River,  leaving  between 
the  American  fcjrces  and  the  river  a  light  screen  of  machine  gunners  with 
orders  to  "  fight  until  tlie  last "'  in  an  efl'ort  to  retard  '"  our  advance. "  So  with 
fresh  troops  in  the  front  line,  the  TTth  Division  continued  its  advance  on  the 
Meuse  River. 


(hire  lii-hind  I  he  Hi 


Mounted 


92 


The  154th  Brigade  was  attacking  in  line  of  regiments  with  one  battahon  of  each  of  the  two 
units  in  the  front  position.  They  did  not  go  far  that  day,  because  the  "leap  frog"  had  taken  up 
the  greater  part  of  the  time,  and  nightfall  found  th^  troops  dug-in  a  short  distance  north  of 
Oche.  During  the  day,  the  enemy  shelled  roads,  towns  and  support  positions,  causing  many 
casualties. 

The  town  of  Oche  was  unofficially  captured  by  the  interpreter  of  the  .308th  Infantry,  who  had 
been  sent  ahead  to  locate  a  place  for  a  regimental  headquarters.  When  he  entered  the  town  there 
were  only  a  few  civilians  there,  with  a  few  Boche  on  the  other  side  of  the  town.  The  Germans 
evidently  had  come  back  to  the  town  during  the  night  to  gather  information,  and  forgetting  that  time 
moves  rapidly,  left  a  little  late.  The  interpreter  saw  them  fleeing  over  the  hills  north  of  the  town. 
The  fighting  on  the  heights  to  the  west  of  Oche  was  most  severe.  It  was  here  that  the  advance  had 
been  temporarily  held  up  on  the  preceding  day. 

In  the  meantime,  the  infantry  regiments  were  moving  ahead.  The  attack  began  at  6:30  A.  M., 
after  a  short  artillery  preparation.  One  company  of  infantry  was  sent  to  the  town  of  La  BerUere 
to  "mop  up, "  but  there  remained  only  a  few  civiUans  in  the  town.  The  civilians  told  the  Ameri- 
cans that  the  Germans  had  gone  in  the  direction  of  Stonne,  another  one  of  the  many  towns  that  stood 
in  the  path  of  the  77th  Division. 

White  flags  flew  from  the  church  steeple  in  Stonne.  The  flash  from  these  flags  on  the  day  be- 
fore had  been  interpreted  as  German  signals  by  the  regimental  commanders,  but  entrance  into  the 
town  soon  disproved  this.  The  white  flags  were  merely  a  simple  appeal  from  the  French  civiUans, 
who  stiU  remained  there,  to  their  American  liberators  not  to  fire  on  the  village.  As  the  troops 
approached,  the  townspeople  swarmed  from  the  church,  greeting  them  joyously  and  offering  them 
the  little  food  they  had  in  their  possession.  Tliis  food  they  had  received  from  the  enemy  and  con- 
sisted mostly  of  black  bread  and  jam,  A  French  girl  offered  a  soldier  some  candy,  but  he  refused  it, 
telHng  her  she  would  need  it  later.  She  protested,  "Mais  non!  non!  C'est  le  sucre  que  les  Ameri- 
cains  nous  ont  envoye. " 

The  town  of  Stonne  is  at  the  top  of  a  commanding  hifl  that  overlooks  the  rolling  country  in  aU 


93 


The  Troops  Moved  on.  Combing  the  Woods 


directions.     As  the  liberated  people  moved   about   hysterically   among   the   advancing   troops, 
an  American  plane  swooped  down  to  tlie  housetops  and  dropped  a  message: 

"LaBesace — No  Germans.     A  Few  Americans.     Lots  of  civilians,  vive  la  America.     Germans 
in  woods  to  your  right.     Think  they  are  prisoners." 

The  troops  moved  on,  combing  the  woods  to  the  right,  capturing  the  few  Germans  who  were 

hiding  there.  When  told  that 
they  could  have  gotten  away, 
they  replied  that  they  wished 
to  be  captured  that  they 
might  get  something  to  eat. 
Outposts  were  estabhshed 
about  a  kilometer  north  of 
Stonne.  During  the  night 
enemy  artiUery  played  a  haras- 
sing fire  into  the  town,  wound- 
ing some  civihans  and  causing 
others  to  depart  in  the  down- 
pour of  rain. 

While  the  154th  Brigade 
was  making  its  brilliant  ad- 
vance in  the  direction  of 
Stonne,  the  divisional  area  or 
sector  was  widened,  and  it  be- 
came necessary'  for  the  Commander  to  order  the  153d  Brigade  back  into  the  hne.  The  TTth 
Division,  therefore,  was  now  attacking  in  line  of  brigades,  the  15 1th  Brigade  on  the  left  and  the 
153d  on  the  right.  The  general  direction  took  a  sharp  turn  to  the  northeast,  owing  to  the  course 
of  the  Meuse  river. 

The  153d  Brigade  was  held  up  a  short  time  at  La  Polka  Farm  and  Farm  d'lsly  by  German 
machine  guns,  which  were  quickly  reduced  by  artillery.  Thereafter  the  advance  was  uninterrupted 
until  La  Besace  was  reached.  La  Besace  was  entered  by  troops  of  the  306th  Infantry  about  10  A.  ISL 
At  first  sight  of  the  town,  no  civilians  could  be  seen  and  it  was  believed  that  the  report  of  the  aviator 
at  Stonne  had  been  exaggerated.  A  short  stay  in  the  town  toid  the  story.  The  place  was  Uterally 
riddled  with  machine-gun  bullets  and  the 
French  civilians  who  were  there  were  found 
hiding  in  the  cellars.  During  the  march  upon 
La  Besace,  the  roads  were  heavily  shelled  witli 
high  explosives  and  gas  and  it  was  no  uncom- 
mon sight  to  see  the  infantryman  drop  flat, 
get  up  and  run  a  hundred  yards  or  so  and 
then  drop  again.  Wliite  flags  also  were  flyiiii: 
from  the  house-tops  and  the  church.  The  civil- 
ians told  the  Americans  that  the  Germans  had 
said  that  they  "were  going  home." 

Fourteen  kilometers,  almost  twice  as  much 
as  was  wrested  from  the  enemy  on  any  pre- 
ceding day,  were  liberated  by  the  TTth  Division 
on  the  last  day  of  actual  operations  toward 
Sedan.  The  advance  was  made  from  Stonne- 
La   Besace    amid    great    difliculties,    for   the 

wearied  enemy  was  destroying  bridges,  tearing  great  holes  in  the  roads  with  his  mines  and  putting 
the  torch  to  buildings.  Just  outside  of  the  town  of  Stonne,  the  Germans  mined  the  road,  which 
traversed  a  steep  hill.  His  work  of  destruction  here  held  up  the  mounted  sections  of  the  Divi- 
sion for  over  twelve  hours. 

The  154th  Brigade  started  to  push  forward  early  in  the  morning,  one  regiment  going  in  the 


Shell  Crater 


94 


GERMAN   DMSDNS  OPPOSING  t"' 77™  DIVISION,  AMERICAN  LP. 
ARGONNE-MCySC  DRIVE,  1316. 


95       34       235      96        97        38       33      300 
•LE/GEND- 

^HAKI-   FRONT     LirsE: 

BLUE.   -DIVISION -SLCTORBOUNDARY 

DIVISION  .  PC  "ZZZ    r^cUlSS  H0AD5 


m 


Shell  Crater 


direction  of  the  Bois  de  Raucourt  and  Malmaison  farm,  while  other  units  moved  on  Flaba.  The 
infantry  moving  through  the  woods  drew  fire  from  the  direction  of  Malmaison  farm,  but  a  quick 
despatch  to  the  artillery  soon  weakened  the  enemy  resistance.  The  farm  was  carried  late  in  the 
morning.  In  the  meantime,  the  advance  on  Flaba  and  Raucourt  was  continuing.  The  leading 
elements,  after  passing  Flaba,  were  fired  upon  from  the  heights  to  the  southwest  of  Raucourt,  and 
the  movement  was  held  up  for  some  time. 

The  artillery  was  called  upon  again,  and  it 
was  here  that  the  men  who  man  these  monster 
guns  got  the  satisfaction  which  an  artillery- 
man rarely  gets.  The  Commander  had  to 
bring  his  gun  into  position,  a  distance  of  one 
kilometer,  lay  it,  compute  the  data  and  find 
an  observation  post,  and  he  had  only  forty- 
five  minutes  to  complete  the  task.  The  first 
shot  dropped  about  where  it  was  wanted. 
From  the  observation  post,  the  enemy 
machine  gunners  could  not  be  seen,  but  "our 
infantry,"  huddled  up  beliind  a  small  depres- 
sion of  ground,  waiting  for  the  word  "Go," 
were  plainly  visible.  At  the  end  of  fifteen 
minutes  the  fire  was  shifted  to  a  second  target 
and  the  first  operation  repeated.     Then  came 

the  great  moment  for  the  proud  artillerymen.  They  saw  the  infantry  advance,  apparently 
without  resistance.  As  to  the  direct  effect  of  the  fire  there  were  varying  reports,  ranging 
from  a  direct  hit  to  scaring  the  Roche  to  death.  The  general  opinion  was  that  the  Roche  decided 
he  was  in  rather  an  unhealthy  place  and  executed  a  typical  Teutonic  "successful  operation," 
worthy  of  his  high  command. 

The  entrance  into  Raucourt  was  probably  the  most  impressive  scene  along  the  whole  line  of 
advance.  Troops  of  the  307th  Infantry,  with  their  Colonel  in  the  lead,  marched  into  the  town 
early  in  the  afternoon. 

Hundred  of  civiHans,  wildly  excited,  some  crying,  some  singing  and  some  laughing,  met  the 
soldiers  with  hot  food  and  coffee.  An  old  man,  grey-faced,  weather-beaten  and  showing  every 
sign  of  the  bondage  he  had  been  in  for  the  past  four  years,  went  solemnly  about  the  task  of  knocking 
down  the  German  signs  from  the  front  of  his  house  with  a  shovel. 

"We  are  free  at  last, "  came  a  shrill  voice  in  good  English  from  across  the  street,  where  an  elderly 

woman  was  waving  a  small  American  flag 
from  the  second-story  window  of  her  home. 
The  finishing  touch  to  it  all  came,  when  a  young 
French  maiden  appeared  in  the  doorway  with 
a  violin,  and  soon  the  notes  of  the  Star  Spangled 
Ranner  were  floating  through  the  air.  An 
American  doughboy,  a  singer  of  repute  "back 
in  the  States,"  joined  in  the  chorus  and,  when 
the  number  was  finished,  the  mademoiselle 
kissed  him.  "We  are  very  grateful,"  she 
said  in  her  own  language  between  sobs. 

Raucourt,  however,  was  seven  kilometers 
r.iisaiK-v.  l.,,nknui  s,,ii/ii  from  the  Meuse  and  troops  comprising   the 

first  line  could  not  tarry  long  here.  The  recep- 
tion would  have  to  be  given  to  the  support  forces,  which  entered  the  city  a  few  hours  later.  Keeping  close 
to  the  heels  of  the  retreating  Germans,  the  troops  of  the  307th  Infantry  moved  on  Harricourt, 
which  was  entered  a  Uttle  after  3  o'clock  that  afternoon.  The  same  reception  that  was  given 
the  soldiers  in  Raucourt  was  accorded  them  here.  Then  came  the  orders  from  Rrigade  Head- 
quarters to  push  on  to  the  Meuse  river  with  all  possible  speed.     Retween  Harricourt  and  the 


[95-] 


liitucourl,  i\i»<cniher,  li>tS 


Town  Hall  and  Church  at  Rautuiitl.  November,  l9tS 
[96] 


Harricourt,  November,  191 S 

Meuse  lay  Angecourt  and  Remilly  sur  Meuse,  smaller  than  the  two  towns  which  had  been 
captured  earlier  in  the  afternoon.  Angecourt  fell  at  4  o'clock,  the  Boche  fleeing  from  the  north 
end  of  the  town  as  the  Americans  entered  the  south  end.  A  half-hour  later,  Rerailly  sur  Meuse 
was  seized  and  the  river  was  reached  at  nightfall.  The  remaining  units  of  the  Brigade,  which 
constituted  the  brigade  reserve,  moved  into  Harricourt. 

While  the  154th  Brigade  was  making  its  rapid  advance  on  the  left  of  the  divisional  sector,  the 
153d  Brigade  was  meeting  with  equal  success,  reaching  the  Meuse  river  a  few  hours  ahead  of  the 
other  brigade.  This  was  possible  because  of  the  diagonal  course  of  the  river,  making  the  route  much 
shorter  than  that  of  the  other  unit.  Flaba,  a  small  town  filled  with  refugees,  was  taken  by  the 
305th  Infantry  in  the  morning;  and  after  that  the  advance  was  pushed  on  with  increased  vigor. 
Early  in  the  afternoon,  patrols  had  reached  Autrecourt  on  the  west  banks  of  the  Meuse.  The 
town  was  not  occupied  by  the  enemy,  but  many  civilians  were  there.  When  the  main  force  reached 
Autrecourt,  a  series  of  explosions  were  heard  in  the  direction  of  the  river.  The  bridges  across 
the  Meuse  had  been  destroyed  and  as  a  result  the  153d  Brigade,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  re- 
connoitering  parties,  remained  stationary  for  the  night. 

It  was  pitch  dark  and  deathly  still  on  the  heights  where  the  front  line  of  the  Division  stopped 
on  the  night  of  November  6th.  The  hour  was  12  by  the  watch  of  the  sentry,  who  stood  guard  while 
his  comrades  snatched  a  few  hours  of  much  needed  sleep.  What  was  before  him  he  did  not  know, 
for  all  that  could  be  seen  by  a  look  over  the  steep  precipice  was  a  sea  of  black. 

Suddenly  there  were  several  sharp  reports  and  flames  swept  up  to  the  heavens.  The  town 
of  Allicourt  was  burning,  casting  a  glow  over  the  entire  valley.  It  was  like  throwing  the  spotlight 
on  the  darkened  stage,  but  in  this  case  the  center  of  interest  was  not  the  living.  By  the  light  of  the 
burning  village,  Sedan  loomed  in  the  distance. 

When  the  Meuse  river  was  reached,  orders  came  from  the  high  command  for  a  reorganization 
of  the  American  forces,  to  remain  on  the  ground  now  held  and  in  the  meantime  to  prepare  for  a 
further  advance.  The  leading  elements  of  the  Division  pushed  up  to  the  river,  preparatory  to  a 
crossing.     The  river  was  found  unfordable  and  it  was  necessary  to  await  the  erection  of  bridges. 


97 


Panorama  of  Sedan  Taken  /rum  Hill  Above  Remilly,  Where  I^fl  Flank  of  the  77th  Division  Rested 

It  was  here  that  a  detachment  of  the  302d  Engineers  displayed  great  bravery  in  their  efforts  to  place 
a  passageway  over  the  stream.  Attempt  after  attempt  was  made  in  the  face  of  German  machine 
guns  to  build  a  bridge  at  Villers.  Parties  carrying  material  suffered  most.  No  sooner  would 
they  meike  their  appearance  than  a  Boche  automatic  or  sniper  would  open  fire,  causing  them  to  take 
to  cover  in  the  woods  which  bordered  the  river.  Finally  a  covering  party  of  machine  gunners,  in- 
fantry and  artillery  was  called  upon  to  protect  the  engineers  while  they  proceeded  with  their 
work.  The  operation  was  completed  late  in  the  afternoon,  and  two  platoons  from 
the  305th  Infantry  were  pushed  to  the  other  side  of  the  river.  Here  they  dug  in  and 
awaited    developments. 

Another  attempt  was  made  to  bridge  the  river  at  Remilly  sur  Meuse.  but  was  temporeu-ily 
defeated.  This  was  in  the  area  of  the  154th  Brigade.  The  attempt  was  finally  successful  and 
two  patrols  from  the  307th  Infantry  were  sent  across  the  river  nightly.  Two  automatic  rifle  posts 
also  were  established  on  the  other  side  of  the  natural  obstacle.  It  was  the  Division's  first  stationary 
warfare  since  the  ^  esle. 

To  gain  some  idea  of  the  doughboy's  feeUng  on  a  patrol,  the  story  of  a  private  from  the  307th 
Infantr>'  is  recounted  here.     It  follows: 

■'About  5  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  platoon  sergeant  came  ai'ound  and  told  me  that  I  need 
not  go  on  the  ration  detail  tonight,  because  I  had  been  selected  by  the  lieutenant  to  go  with  the 
automatic-rifle  sergeant  and  a  couple  of  others  into  Hunland.  It  was  my  second  patrol,  but  with 
the  end  of  the  war  so  near,  I  did  not  relish  the  idea. 

"That  night,  about  7:30  o'clock,  we  went  down  to  company  headquarters  and  got  a  good  hot 
meal.  Our  lieutenant  came  down  to  give  us  instructions  and  make  sure  that  we  thoroughly  under- 
stood all  details.  The  first  thing  he  did  was  to  take  off  my  bayonet  and  I  was  forced  to  give  up  a 
few  metal  souvenirs  that  I  had  in  my  pocket.  The  officer  said  that  they  might  rattle  out  there  in 
No  Man's  Land  and  give  our  whereabouts  away.  We  also  gave  up  all  matches,  and  were  then  told 
to  find  out  just  how  close  to  the  river  the  German  outposts  were. 

"Then  we  started  out.  We  crossed  the  river  at  11  o'clock.  It  looked  as  if  the  Boche  were 
expecting  us,  for  we  no  more  than  got  across  when  up  went  a  great  number  of  ^  ery  lights.  We  all 
dropped  to  the  ground  and  waited  for  darkness.  We  proceeded  for  a  distance  of  about  four  hundred 
yards  more  and  then  the  sergeant,  who  has  a  better  ear  than  I,  dropped  to  the  ground  again.  'WTiat's 
up?'  I  whispered.  I  was  given  a  good  stiff  pinch  in  the  arm  by  the  sergeant  in  reply.  I  took  it 
that  he  wanted  me  to  keep  quiet.  Then  through  the  darkness,  about  a  hundred  yards  forward 
it  seemed,  came  the  sound  of  voices. 


98 


on  November  11,   1918.      Sedan  Can  be  Seen  Across  the  Meuse,  2j  Kilomelers  Away 


They  were  speaking  German.  We  could  see  the  radium-faced  watch  which  one  of  the  Boche 
was  wearing  on  his  wrist. 

"My  heart  was  in  my  throat  and  was  beating  twice  as  fast  as  normal.  That  was  enough  for 
me  and  I  breathed  a  great  sigh  of  relief  when  the  sergeant  motioned  to  go  back.  Our  report  was 
that  the  German  outposts  were  five  hundred  yards  north  of  the  Meuse  river." 

A  bridge  once  built  across  the  Meuse,  did  not  mean  that  the  Division  had  a  permanent  crossing 
at  which  troops  could  go  and  come  whenever  they  pleased.     It  must  be  remembered  that  the  Boche 
still  had  artillery  and,  to  use  the  words  of  Corps  headquarters,  liis  artillery  "shoots  with  the  greatest 
of  accuracy."     It  did  not  take  long  for  the 
bridge  constructed  at  ^  illers  to  be  destroyed. 
A  big  shell  landed  squarely  on  the  narrow  span, 
leaving  five  men  on  the  other  side  of  the  river. 
The  engineers  were  called  again  to  reconstruct 
the    bridge,    and    during    the    operation    the 
bridgemen  got  into  contact  with  the  five  men 
who  had  been  cut  off  from  their  unit. 

The  fact  that  there  was  no  bridge  across 
the  Meuse  river  did  not  keep  the  .305th  Infan- 
try from  sending  a  patrol  to  gather  informa- 
tion about  the  Germans.  During  the  night  of 
November  8th,  one  officer  and  a  corporal,  the 
latter  being  of  German  stock  and  having  a 
good  knowledge  of  the  enemy's  language,  stole 

across  the  river  on  a  raft  and  penetrated  the  German  lines  for  a  distance  of  one  kilometer  and  a 
half.  The  route  of  the  two  passed  through  Amblimont,  a  small  town  on  the  north  bank  of  the 
Meuse.  When  they  were  about  half  through  with  their  work,  they  were  challenged  by  a  Clerman 
sentry.  The  corporal  replied  to  the  challenge  and  gave  a  satisfactory  explanation  of  their 
presence.  The  sentry  passed  them  on.  They  returned  after  the  completion  of  their  ten  kilo- 
meter journey  behind  the  enemy's  line  and  were  able  to  report  to  their  commanding  ofiicer  the 
exact  location  of  a  field  piece  which  had  been  harassing  the  troops,  the  disposition  of  machine 
guns  protecting  the  German  side  of  the  Meuse  and  the  number  of  troops  hidden  in  the  hills  to  the 
right  of  Sedan.  For  this  feat,  both  were  awarded  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross  and  the  com- 
mendation of  the  commanding  general. 


Spot  Where  Meuse  River  was  Bridged 

by  Ihe  77th  Division 


[99] 


Aulrecourt,  November,  1918 

The  next  day  came  the  orders  for  the  widening  of  the  divisional  sector.  The  77th  Division  was 
taliing  over  the  corps  front — twenty-five  kilometers.  One  regiment  alone  was  holding  seven  kilo- 
meters. 

Peace  rumors  were  flying  thick  and  fast.  Some  claimed  that  the  conference  was  in  session  in 
Paris  now,  others  that  the  war  already  had  ended.  The  incessant  shelling  of  the  Boche  disproved 
the  latter,  however,  and  it  was  not  until  the  following  day  that  the  "real  news"  came  forward.  It 
was  brought  up  by  an  officer,  so,  in  the  doughboy's  opinion,  it  could  not  be  wrong. 

In  the  operations  department,  the  sighting  of  the  peace  dove  had  little  effect.  Here  these 
officers  continued  to  play  their  chess-like  game.  "Be  prepared  to  move  forward"  was  among  the 
orders  issued  and  these  preparations  were  under  way.  The  same  was  true  at  the  French  headquarters. 
To  take  Sedan  and  even  up  the  score  of  1870  had  been  one  of  the  chief  aims  of  the  French,  ever  since 
the  great  Allied  drive  began  on  July  18  at  Chateau  Thierry.  By  a  previous  agreement,  the  French 
were  to  be  permitted  to  occupy  the  sector  opposite  Sedan,  and  in  consequence,  the  77th  Division 
prepared  to  give  over  to  the  French  Colonials. 

The  night  of  November  10th  and  the  eaily  morning  hours  of  November  11th  will  be  long  re- 
membered by  the  men  of  the  77th  Division.  Outside,  the  stillness  of  the  night  was  broken  now  and 
then  by  the  ex]3losion  of  a  solitary  shell,  which  seemed  to  be  a  gentle  reminder  from  the  Boche 
that  the  war  still  continued.  From  the  forward  units  came  word  that  a  quiet  night  had  been  spent, 
and  a  glance  at  the  casualty  report  shows  that  not  a  man  was  killed  on  the  final  night  of  hostilities. 
Over  on  the  German  side  of  the  Meuse,  some  Very  pistol  man  continued  to  send  up  rockets  in 
groups  of  threes— a  red,  a  white  and  a  blue.  This  was  taken  by  the  Americans  as  an  effort  on  the 
part  of  the  Germans,  who  now  saw  that  their  fate  was  sealed,  to  fraternize  with  the  Yankee  soldier— 
and  the  incident  was  ignored.  The  absence  of  planes,  the  big  guns  not  roaring,  and  the  rifles  not 
cracking,  put  a  mysterious  touch  into  life  at  the  front  that  night.  The  whole  battle-field  seemed 
deserted.     The  doughboy  said  it  was  a  sign  of  good  news. 

The  last  day  of  hostilities  found  the  sun  shining,  quite  a  contrast  from  the  preceding  days  of 
the  campaign.     Men  in  the  front  and  rear  areas  alike  were  up  early  to  hear  the  news,  the  news 


100] 


Villers  DevanI  Mouzon,  Point  where  Bridge  was  Constructcil  Across  the  Meuse  liy  the 
77lh  Division — Looking  North 

which  would  tell  them  whether  Berlin  refused  or  accepted.     Finally  the  news  came  from  the  various 
regimental  headquarters.     It  was  nothing  more  than  the  terse  announcement: 

"ARMISTICE  EFFECTIVE  11  O'CLOCK.     CEASE  FIRE." 

So  on  the  eleventh  hour  of  the  eleventh  day  of  the  eleventh  month,  hostilities  of  the  greatest 
war  in  history  ended  with  the  77th  Division  holding  a  front  larger  than  any  unit  had  ever  attempted 
even  in  the  quiet  sectors  of  position  warfare. 

FINIS. 


[1011 


E97  38 


06  309 


102 


THE  HEIGHTS  OF  SEDAN 

A  soldier  stands  on  Sedan's  rolling  heights; 

Nor  does  he  see  the  sheU-holed  land  below ; 

Nor  does  he  see  the  havoc  that  the  guns  have  played: 

The  tottering  walls, 

Shell-riddled  homes — 

And  all  the  other  hell  that  follows  War.  . 

Fading  with  the  valley's  morning  mist 

Go  centuries  of  tyranny  the  world  will  know  no  more; 

Centuries  of  ruthless  wars  that  shall  ne'er  be  fought  again. 

Cruelty — Anarchy — Despots — Fear — 

All  fade  away ; 

And  when  the  mist  is  cleared, 

From  the  rolling  heights  of  Sedan  he  can  see 

A  newer,  truer  world — 

Where  men  are  brothers  free: 

Free  to  speak! 

Free  to  think! 

And  free  to  hve ! 

He  hears  that  song  of  world-wide  Liberty. 

The  guns  will  speak  no  more; 

The  roar  of  cannons  has  been  hushed ; 

And  that  for  which  he  long  has  sought 

Is  now  the  world's  possession. 

Ah!     Those  who  fight  for  freedom 

Do  not  wage  their  fight  in  vain ! 

A  soldier  stands  on  Sedan's  rolling  heights. 
To  East— to  West— to  South— to  North- 
He  sees  Democracy! 


103] 


IN     MEMORIUM 

TO  OUR  BRAVE  COMRADES  WHO 
GAVE  THEIR  LIVES  THAT  OTHERS 
MIGHT  LIVE;  WHO  NOBLY  LAID  THE 
SUPREME  SACRinCE  UPON  THE  ALTER 
OF  HUMAN  LIBERTY;  WHOSE  BLOOD 
IS  MINGLED  WITH  THE  DUST  OF  A 
FOREIGN  SOIL,  MAKING  IT  HALLOWED 
GROUND  WHEREON  THE  FOOT  OF 
THE  OPPRESSOR  SHALL  NOT  TREAD 


God  rest  our  dead  that  sleep 

In  Argonne's  grim  ravines, 

And  on  its  tragic  slopes 

A  vigil  ever  keep, 

To  guard  those  hallowed  scenes 

As  angels  guard  our  homes. 


ROLL  OF  HONOR 


KEY—     A— KiUed.  W.— Died  of  Wounds  i 

Acd. — Killed  hy  Accident.       D. — Died  of  Diseaae. 


Name 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 

A 

A 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 


Aasgaard,  Aimer  M . . .  , 
Abramowitz,  Harry. . .  , 

Ackerman,  Isador 

Ackerman,  John  J 

Aghina,  Silvio 

Agler,  Adelbert  M 

AH,  Rocco 

\llison,  Robert 

Alvey,  Martin  N 

Alvord,  Joseph  M 

Amdur,  Charles 

Amegod,  Samuel 

Ames,  James  H 

Ammerman,  John  B .  .  . 

Amnion,  Tobias 

Ancona,  Guiseppe 

Anderson,  Alfred 

Anderson,  Arthur  J. .  .  , 

Anderson,  Broi 

Anderson,  Carl  J 

.\nderson,  Edward  A  . 
.\nderson,  Elmero  Q .  .  , 

Anderson,  Gus 

Anderson,  Harry  M . . . , 

Anderson,  John  R 

Anderson,  Nils.  O 

Anderson,  Oscar  D . . . . 
.Anderson,  Richard  O. . 

Andrews,  Paul  F 

Angier,  Albert  E 

Angusano,  William  .\ .  . 
Ankelman,  Rudolph . . . 
Antkowiak,  Joseph.  .  . . 

Anziano,  Alfredo 

Apstein,  Sam 

Arbuckle,  Wyatt  L ..  .  . 
Armstrong,  James  P .  .  . 

Arnold,  Harold  V 

Arrigo,  Giro 

Asello,  Charles 

Ashe,  George 

Athanasakos,  Evanglos 
Ausenkus,  Herman  M. 

Badrow,  John  F 

Bagley,  Peter  T.,  Jr. . . 

Bahr,  Edw.  J 

Bair,  Charles  A 

Bair,  Tom  C 

Baker,  Emanuel  J 

Bakka,  Jalnian  A 

Bakka,  Dick  W 

Bang,  John 

Barber,  Homer 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Bugler 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Wag 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

1st  Lt 

Mec 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI  . 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt... 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Mec 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A. . 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Btry.  B,  304  F.  A 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn... 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  G.  306  Inf 

San.  Det.,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn  . 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

304  F.  A 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Hdg.  Det.,304M.G.Bn 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Btry  C,  304  F.  A 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf .  . 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf 


Twinn  Valley,  Minn . 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  RocheUe,  N.  Y . 

Columbus,  Ohio 

Calabria,  Italy 

New  York  City 

Rineyville,  Ohio 

Middletown,  N.  Y. . . 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Tonawanda,  N.  Y.  .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

New  Britain,  Conn.  . 

Mullan,  Idaho 

Jamestown,  N.  Y. . .  . 

New  York  City 

New  Britain,  Conn.  . 

Cresbard,  S.  D 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Priest  River,  Idaho .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Elbow  Lake,  Minn. . 

Orange,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Waban,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Schenectady,  N.  Y. . 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Chicao,  Calif 

Greece,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Nashua,  Mont 

LaSalle,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Rock  Springs,  Wyo.  . 

Bay  City,  Oregon 

New  York  City 

Red  Lodge,  Mont 

Renville,  Minn 

Lewiston,  Mont 

Middle  FaUs,  N.  Y .  . 


9/15/18 

6/24/18 

9/  9/18 

11/16/18 

10/  6/18 

11/15/18 

10/  6/18 

8/28/18 

10/  8/18 

8/28/18 

8/30/18 

8/28/18 

9/  9/18 

9/  5/18 

9/  9/18 

8/28/18 

9/  7/18 

10/15/18 

10/14/18 

10/  1/18 

6/24/18 


10/12/18 
11/  3/18 
10/  4/18 
6/  3/18 
10/  5/18 
10/  2/18 
10/  8/18 
9/15/18 
8/20/18 
8/27/18 
10/  5/18 
10/  6/18 
10/31/18 
10/12/18 
8/22/18 
10/  5/18 
10/10/18 
9/  2/18 
6/  3/18 
9/29/18 
10/12/18 
9/11/18 
10/15/18 
9/28/18 
9/28/18 
11/  1/18 
8/15/18 
10/15/18 
10/  8/18 
10/12/18 
9/27/18 


[107] 


>fAME 


Rank 


Obganuzation 


Date  of 
Db^th 


Key 


A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

D. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

W. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A 

A. 

A. 


Barber,  Jerry  B 

Barbieri,  Andrea 

Bardman,  Barney 

Bargfrede,  V^'illiam  A .  .  . 

Barse,  Horace  C 

Bates,  Earle  C 

Bates,  Frank 

Batta,  Alfred  M 

Battaglia,  Salvatore 

Baty,  Christian  A 

Bauer,  Charles 

Bays,  Jess  L 

Beattie,  Joseph  S 

Beattie,  Arthur  G 

Becker,  Edward 

Becker.  Gustave 

Becker,  Martin 

Beckman,  Wm.  F 

Beeson,  Harry  C 

Begley,  William  A 

Behrend,  John 

Beifus,  Martin 

Belegon.  George  S 

Helen,  Stanley 

Belhumeur,  Donatian . . , 

BeU,  Edward  J 

Bender,  Fred.  M 

Bendotti,  Attillio 

Beneditle,  Peter  P 

Bennett,  Elmer  E 

Bessen,  Harry  G 

Benson,  Leonard  G 

Benson,  Ole  K 

Benthagen,  George  M .  .  . 

Berg,  John  G 

Berg,  Ivoranza 

Bergeor,  Wadyslaw 

BergtoU,  Louis 

Berkmeyer,  Raymond  A 

Berlin.  Otto  W 

Bemado,  Giusseppe 

Bertany,  Joseph 

Beske,  Arthur  A 

Better,  William 

Beyer,  Robert  H 

Bibo,  Raffele 

Biggens,  Thomas 

Bigler,  A 

Black,  Guy 

Blackburn,  John 

Blackmore,  Ray 

Blanchard,  Nathaniel  A . 

Bland,  Charles  J 

Blascka,  Albert 

Blauvelt,  Charles  R 

Blethen,  Edgar  A 

Bliss,  Horace  G 

Bloom,  Louis 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Prt.,  1st  CI 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

P\-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corp 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\'t 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pn 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Prt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 


Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  A.  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf . . . . 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Troop,  77  Div 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  C.  306M.  G.  Bn.. 
Co.  D.  306  M.  G.  Bn. . 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  M   308  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  A.  305M.  G.  Bn.. 
Co.  D,  305  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf.  . 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Btry.  F,  306  F.  A 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  D.  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  Amm.  Train. .  . 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  E.  308  Inf 

Btry.  A,  304  F.  A 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf.  . 

Btry.  C,  305F.  A 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf . . . . 
Co  G,  305  Inf 


Marshfield,  Ore 

Winchester,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Waubay,  S.  D 

Columbus,  Ohio 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Lawrence,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Canton,  S.  Dak 

New  York  City 

Tucumcari,  N.  M 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  address 

Ghent,  Minn 

Richmond  Hill,  N.  H 
Huntington,  N.  Y .  .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Enterprise.  Ore 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Townsend,  Mont. . . . 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Boston,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Woonsocket,  R.  I  ... 

BrooUyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Subbt,  Wyo 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

No  address 

Portland,  Ore 

Gildford,  Mont 

Borup,  Minn 

Foston,  Minn 

La  Grande,  Ore 

Webster,  Mass 

Orpheum,  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

SterUng  Station,  N.  Y 

Plymouth,  Mass 

Bridgeport,  Conn. . . . 

Hector,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

College  Point,  N.  Y.. 
Fort  Atkinson,  Wise . 
Soda  Springs,  Idaho. 

Plainview,  Te.x 

Delmar,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Minneapolis,  Minn. . . 

Baker,  Nevada 

New  York  City 


10/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/16/18 

9/28,  18 

10/15/18 

6/  3/18 

9/  7/18 

8/22/18 

10/14/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  6/18 

11/  9/18 

10/  5/18 

8/22/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  5/18 

9/28/18 

10/  8/18 

10/26/18 

9/  9/18 

9/14/18 

5/21/18 

10/15/18 

8/16/18 

8/27/18 

10/28/18 

9/11/18 

10/15/18 

9/26/18 

10/17/18 

10/12/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

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8/25/18 

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11/  7/18 

10/  4/18 

10/14/18 

10/  3/18 

9/14/18 

6/  3/18 

8/18/18 

10/  9/18 

10/  9/18 

11/  1/18 

11/  9/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  5/18 

8/30/18 

10/  4/18 

10/16/18 

9/11/18 


108  ) 


Blowers,  Bert  L 

Blundell,  John 

Blyleven,  Harry 

Bochy,  Ashanzo 

Boden,  John 

Bogdanowis,  Edward  M 

Bohm,  Emil  J 

Bohner,  Fred.  A 

Bolton,  George  T 

Bolvip,  Eiler  V 

Booth,  Percy  C 

Boriskin,  Joseph  H .  .  .  . 

Bosman,  Harold  B 

Bothwell,  Herbert  E . . . 

Bower,  William  G 

Bowyer,  Harry  S 

Brachvogel,  William ... 
Bradshaw,  Harry  W .  .  . 

Brady,  Hugh 

Brady,  WiUiani  A 

Braman,  Robert  C 

Brand.  John  J 

Branson,  Lewis  L 

Brawley,  Walter  M. .  .  . 

Bray,  David 

Breniian,Edward  C 

Brennan,  James  M 

Brenner,  Frederick  J . . . , 

Brenner,  Louis 

Breth,  Louis 

Bridgeman,  Frank  J  .  .  . 
Bridgeworth,  Irving  W. 

Briggs,  Clarence  E 

Briggs,  Leon  E 

Brigham,  Joel  E 

Bright,  Virgil  R 

Brill,  Samuel 

Brittain,  Aultonk 

Brodsky,  Philys 

Bromley,  Charles 

Brooks,  Alph 

Brooks,  Belvidere 

Brooks,  James  W 

Brophy,  William  F 

Brosnahan,  John  T 

Brown,  Edmund  F 

Brown,  Harold 

Brown,  James  F 

Brown,  Martin  0 

Brown,  Peter 

Broxholm,  Samuel  F.  S. . 

Bruce,  Henry  G 

Bruce,  Henry  A 

Brudwick,  Christian  J. . , 
Brunick,  Edmond  F. . . . 

Bruton,  James 

Bryant,  Otto 

Brzoska,  Ignatius 


Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Sgt 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Capt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Capt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Bn.  Sgt.  Maj 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Organization 


Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf . . . 
306  A.  Co.,  302  San.Tr 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305M.  G.  Bn... 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306M.  G.  Bn... 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  M.  G.  Bn.   . 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  B   307  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf.  .  . 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  L.  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf .  .  . 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co  G.  308  Inf 

Btry.  D,  304  F.  A 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 


Warsaw,  N.  Y 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah .  . 

Geneva,  N.  Y 

Custer,  Mont 

Dayton,  Ohio 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Islip,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Big  Sandy,  Mont 

Perry,  N.  Y 

BrooWyn,  N.  Y 

Great  Falls,  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Webster,  S  D 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Forsyth,  Mont 

Napa,  Calif 

New  York  City 

New  York  City  

EastPenfield,  N.  Y.... 

New  York  City 

Portland,  Ore 

Austin,  Ark 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Seattle,  Wash 

New  York  City  

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

JopUn,  Mo 

Kellogg,  Minn 

Kellogg,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Douglasville,  Ga 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

East  Hampton,  Mass .  . 

Shelby,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Fairport,  N.  Y 

Waterbury,  Conn 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Bakersfield,  Calif 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Princess  Bay,  N.  Y .  .  .  . 

Whitman,  Mass 

Delanson,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Enterprise,  Ore 

Seattle,  Wash 

South  Boston,  Mass 

Long  Island  City,  N.  Y 

Sutherland,  Iowa 

Buffalo,  N.Y 


Date  of 
Death 


10/  9/18 

10/15/18 

8/27/18 

10/12/18 

10/  8/18 

8/22/18 

9/27/18 

11/  7/18 

10/  7/18 

10/  8/18 

10/18/18 

10/28/18 

10/27/18 

8/14/18 

9/28/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  1/18 

9/14/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  5/18 

11/11/18 

9/  5/18 

9/  5/18 

9/  9/18 

10/  5/18 

8/25/18 

10/10/18 

9/  8/18 

9/14/18 

9/  5/18 

9/16/18 

9/28/18 

10/  6/18 

10/24/18 

11/  7/18 

11/  6/18 

9/11/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  2/18 

8/21/18 

10/29/18 

9/  1/18 

9/19/18 

8/19/18 

10/  6/18 

11/  7/18 

8/12/18 

8/26/18 

11/14/18 

9/  6/18 

9/26/18 

9/2.5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/  8/18 

8/23/18 

9/   6/18 


W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

W. 

A. 

W. 

W 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 


lOQ 


Name 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
A. 
A 

A. 
W 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


Bue,  Peter 

Buehl,  Adolph 

Buickas,  Baltias 

Bunce,  Charles 

Bunce,  James  B 

Burdick,  Jesse  L 

Burke,  Frank  W 

Burns,  James 

Burns,  Roy  L 

Burrows,  John 

Burson,  Paul  A. 

Buth.  Harry  0 

Butler.  Bartholomew .  . . . 

Byrne,  Joseph  F 

Cabe,  Seed  C 

Caffert  y.  Patrick  J 

CahiU,  William  F 

Callahan,  William  E.  .  . 

Callaway,  Howard 

Callwell,  Samuel  H 

Campbell,  Ernest  J 

Campbell,  John  A 

Campbell,  Payton  R .  .  .  . 
Campbell,  Thomas  E .  .  . 

Capatosla,  Angusco 

Capelle,  Rudolph 

Caplo,  Stanley 

Caputo,  Domenico 

Carabine.  Thomas  F.  .  .  , 

Carbone,  Andero 

Carey,  Edgar 

Carlo,  Michael 

Carlson,  Edwin  E 

Carlson,  Nathaniel  J . . .  , 

Carnebucci,  Catino 

Carmichael,  James  L . . . 
Carpenter,  Frank  B  . . . 

Carr,  Francis  J 

Carr,  Joseph  A 

Carroll,  William  J 

Carson,  John  P 

Cartazzo,  Emelio 

Carter,  Michael 

Case,  Charles  B 

Case,  Henry  J 

Casey,  George  A 

Cassell,  Frederick 

Castrogiovanna,  Samuel 

Cavello,  Thomas 

Cazier.  Oscar 

Ceiber,  George 

Centonze,  Vincenzo .... 
Chambers,  Ernest  A .  .  . 
Chandler,  Grover  C. . . . 
Chaney,  William  T.  .  .  . 

Chelberg,  James  F 

Cherry,  Earl  L 

Chamberlin,  Francis  M. 


Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Lieut 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\l 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt 


Co.  D,  308Inf 

Btry.  E,  304F.  A.   .. 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  G.  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306F.  A  .. 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  ,305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co   D,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf  

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  G.,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  304  F.  A... 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 


Enterprise,  Ore 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn.  N.  Y 

No  address 

No  address 

Leonardsville,  N .  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Port  Chester,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Ashwood,  Ore 

Sabin,  Minn 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Canton,  N.  C 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Eugene,  Ore 

Burns,  Wyo 

Sewanee,  Tenn 

Fargo,  N.  Dak 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' . 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Fall  River,  Mass 

Utica,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Cromwell,  Conn 

Brockton,  Mass 

Westfield,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Lockport,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Churchville,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

East  Douglass,  Mass 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Locke,  N.Y 

Cold  Spring-on-Hud.,  N.  Y 

Oyster  Bay,  N.  Y 

Westfield,  N.Y 

Tottenville,  N.  Y 

Afton,  Wyo 

No  address 

Mt.  Vernon,  N.Y 

Paris,  Mont 

Burlington,  Colo 

Condon,  Ore 

Sag  Harbor,  N.Y' 

Sidney,  Mont 

Riggins,  Idaho 


10/12/18 

8/28/18 

11/  3/18 

8/30/18 

9/  8/18 

9/27/18 

8/25/18 

9/26/18 

9/24/18 

10/15/18 

10/  1/18 

10/  5/18 

8/21/18 

8/16/18 

8/14/18 

9/14/18 

9/29/18 

10/  2/18 

10/13/18 

10/  6/18 

11/  7/18 

9/27/18 

9/  4/18 

10/  4/18 

6/24/18 

10/  1/18 

10/12/18 

6/  3/18 

6/24/18 

10/13/18 

9/28/18 

11/  8/18 

10/  5/18 

11/  4/18 

10/  5/18 

9/27/18 

10/  5/18 

8/15/18 

9/29/18 

9/26/18 

10/22/18 

10/13/18 

11/  5/18 

8/17/18 

9/  8/18 

9/28/18 

8/21/18 

10/  6/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  9/18 

10/15/18 

10/  3/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  1/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  3/18 

11/10/18 


110 


Name 


Organization 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

A. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 


Chinn,  Henry 

Christian,  Robert  E . . . . 
Christiansen,  Conrad  J. 
Christiansen,  John  C. . . 

Church,  Roscoe  G 

Churchman,  Oscar  D .  . 

Cieslinski,  John  T 

Clainos,  Charles 

Clare,  Thomas  J 

Clark,  Frank 

Clark,  Herbert  J 

Clark,  Nathan 

Clancy,  Bartley 

Clark,  Raymond  O 

Clayton,  Jerry 

Clifton,  Harry 

Clinton,  Harry  T 

Clune,  John  C 

Coccarelli,  Hannibal .  .  . 

Coffey,  Patrick 

Cohen,  Raphael 

Colburn,  Homer  N 

Colby,  Frank 

Cole,  Harvey  R 

Coleman,  Jeremiah  J. . . 

Collamore,  Jesse  B 

Colli,  Louis 

Collins,  Dennis 

Collins,  Ciolden  A 

CoUins,  Homer  E 

CoUman,  Solomon 

Comeau,  Arraand 

Comer,  Michael 

Comma,  John 

Conay,  Irving 

Conheady,  Patrick 

Conner,  Roy 

Conner,  James 

Conrad,  James  M 

Cook,  James 

Cook,  Percy  E 

Cooley,  Edwin  P 

Conway,  Harold 

Cooper,  Henry 

Corbett,  Frank  H 

Corcoran,  George  S 

Coupe,  Clarence  R 

Courtwright,  Wilbur  A . , 

Cowell,  Clarence  C 

Crabtree,  Walter  J 

Cranies,  Charles 

Crandall,  Elverton  C . . . 

Crane,  Walter  C 

Crocka,  Jacob 

Cromarty,  WiUiam 

Cross,  Charles  E 

Grouse,  WiUiam  P 

Crowley,  Daniel 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvl 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\t 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI, 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt..  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pv-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Prt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 


Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

San.  Det.,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf .. .  . 
Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf.  . 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn  . 
Supp.  Co.,  308  Inf. .  . . 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn. . 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Hdg.  Co.,  306  Inf . .  .  . 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Troop 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs 


New  York  City 

Pawtucket,  R.  I 

Eureka,  Mont 

CUnton,  Iowa 

Willow  Creek,  Mont. . .  . 

Sheridan,  Ore 

Bloomfield,  N.J 

New  York  City 

Boulder,  Colo 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

PaviUon,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Winchester,  Mass 

Warner  Lake,  Ore 

New  York  City 

Sharpsburgh,  Pa. .    

New  York  City 

Brattleboro,  Vt 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

BrooWyn,  N.  Y 

HoUey,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Belgrade,  Mont 

Middletown,  Conn 

Reedsport,  Ore 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Monument,  Ore 

Jamestown,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Sherman  Station,  Me .  .  . 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Ringgold,  Ga 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Victor,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Sunderland,  Mass 

Cortland,  N.Y 

Richmond,  Ore 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Swansea,  Mass 

Midvale,  Idaho 

West  Bridgewater,  Mass. 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Watertown,  N.  Y 

Allegany,  Ore 

WiUiamson,  N.  Y 

Liberty,  N.Y 

Hurleyville,  N.  Y 

Hudson,  N.Y 

Winthrop,  N.  Y 


10/  8/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

10/14/18 

10/12/18 

10/14/18 

8/26/18 

9/27/18 

9/27/18 

11/  9/18 

9/11/18 

10/  9/18 

10/13/18 

10/  8/18 

8/12/18 

10/  2/18 

9/10/18 

10/10/18 

9/16/18 

9/  5/18 

9/  2/18 

6/24/18 

9/  5/18 

10/12,18 

8/23/ 18 

11/10/18 

9/26/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

8/22/18 

10/16/18 

10/  3/18 

10/17/18 

9/16/18 

8/29/18 

10/  5/18 

10/31/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  6/18 

11/  4/18 

8/28/18 

9/26/18 

10/14/18 

10/21/18 

8/16/18 

8/27/18 

10/14/18 

10/14/18 

10/  9/18 

7/  9/18 

10/14/18 

10/13/18 

10/  6/18 

9/11/18 

8/28/18 

10/12/18 

10/13/18 


111 


Name 


Organization 


Ade^ss 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


Crowley,  Edward  J 

Crowley,  William  D 

Cucchiara,  Silvestre 

Cullen,  Richard 

Cummings,  Clarence  H. . 
Cunninghani,  Ambrose  J 

Cumiano,  James 

Curtis,  Issac  W 

Cusack,  Timothy  F 

Daley,  James 

Daly,  William  L 

Damato,  Anthony 

Daracott,  John  F 

Damone,  Ralph 

Dantzig.  Mark 

Danziger,  David 

Daonii,  Patrick 

Daunce,  \\'illiam 

D'Avella.  John 

Davenport,  Thomas  S. . . 

Davis,  Charles  J 

Davis,  Edward 

Davis,  Ephriara  J 

Dawson,  Charles  J.,  Jr.  . 

De  Badts,  Orie 

De  Barbiery,  Joseph  G . . 

De  Fehce,  Nicola 

De  Frisco,  Victor 

Degnan,  Thomas 

Delisle,  Fred.  L 

De  Long,  Clarence 

De  Long,  Herbert  W 

De  Wering,  John 

Denowitz,  Jacob 

De  Rham,  Charles,  Jr . . . 

Desmarais,  Samuel 

D'Esposito,  Frank  M  .  .  . 

Detraini,  D.  A 

Devitt,  Thomas 

Devoe,  George 

DeWitt,  Roy 

Di  Carlo,  Angelo 

Dictarook,  John 

Diele,  Guiseppe 

Diesel,  Louis 

Dieterle,  Glenn  R 

Dietrich,  George  J 

Di  Leo,  Antonio 

Di  Mele,  Guiseppe 

Dimniick,  Frank  C 

Dingledine,  Elliott  N .  .  . 

Dinitz,  Sam 

Di  Paola,  Peter 

Dipasquale,  Fortunato .  . 

Directar,  Samuel 

Dissick,  Harry 

Dittner,  Henry 

Dixon,  Joseph  H 


Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt..  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  F.  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  302Engrs.... 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf, . . 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Btry.  C,  306F.  A.... 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf. . . 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  B.  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A... 
M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf. . . 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn, 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 


New  York  City 

Millers  Fsdls,  Mass .... 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Rome,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Bangor,  Me 

New  York  City 

Hastings-on-Hudson,  N.  Y. 
Turner  Falls,  Mass .... 

New  York  City 

Clymer,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Naugatuck,  Conn 

Wilson,  N.Y 

Woodhaven,  N.Y 

Rensselaer,  N.  Y 

Schenectady,  N.  Y 

Reliance,  Wyo 

Ripley,  Okla 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Sodus.N.  Y 

Ossining,  N.Y 

Wakefield,  Mass 

New  York  City 

New  York  City  

Fall  River.  Mass 

Fulton,  N.  Y 

Belmont,  N.  Y 

Marion,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Southbridge,  Mass 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Providence,  R.I 

Millbury,  Mass 

Logan,  Utah 

Little  Falls,  N.  Y 

Milford,  Mass 

Mt.  Vernon,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Gilbert,  Idaho 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Waterbury,  Conn 

Binghamton,  N.  Y 

Urbana,  Ohio 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y 

Portland,  Ore 


9/15/18 

9/26/18 

11/  5/18 

9/  1/18 

8/14/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  4/18 

11/  4/18 

11/  5/18 

11/  5/18 

9/27/18 

8/24/18 

10/  5/18 

6/  3/18 

9/  5/18 

11/10/18 

10/  8/18 

10/16/18 

11/  5/18 

11/  4/18 

11/17/18 

11/10/18 

9/  6/18 

7/20/18 

9/26/18 

9/26/18 

8/20/18 

9/27/18 

9/  6/18 

8/27/18 

8/24/18 

9/16/18 

9/26/18 

8/15/18 

10/18/18 

10/  3/18 

9/29/18 

10/22/18 

8/27/18 

9/  8/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  3/18 

9/14/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  1/18 

10/15/18 

9/  6/18 

9/30/18 

10/  9/18 

10/11/18 

11/12/18 

9/27/18 

9/26/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  6/18 

9/  6/18 

11/10/18 


112 


Name 


Rank 


Organization 


AjaDRESS 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Docteur,  Michael  C . . , 

Doerr,  Louis 

Dolan,  John  P 

DoUarhide,  John  C  .  .  . 
Donkers,  Joseph  V . . . 
Donahue,  William  J . . 
Donnellon,  Joseph  J . 
Donovan,  James  P. . . 
Donovan,  William  J .  . 

Dooley,  Henry 

Dorini,  Carlo 

Doris,  James  T.,  Jr.  .  . 

Dorr,  Donald  E 

Dorscheid,  Floyd  F. .  . 

Doucett,  John 

Doucette,  William .  ,  .  . 

Douglas,  John  F 

Dowd,  John  F 

Downs,  George  T 

Doyle,  William  J 

Drezwicki,  Raphael  A 

DriscoU,  William 

Drumniond,  Frank  D . 
Duddy,  Michael  J .  .  .  . 

Dudley,  Carl  A 

Duff,  Henry  I 

Duffy,  Edward  J 

Duhamel,  Come 

Dunleavy,  Joseph  J .  . 

Dunn,  James  B 

Dunn,  Thomas  F 

Dunne,  George  R 

Dupois,  Rene 

Duvall,  Harold  L 

Dwyer,  Richard  M . . . 
Dwyer,  William  E.  .  .  . 

Dyer,  Alexander 

Dyrdall,  Joseph  B .  .  .  . 
Eastman,  George  A. . . 

Eck,  Herbert 

Eckersley,  Frank  M . . 

Eckert,  Arthur  J 

Eckhoff,  Nils 

Edwinson,  Carl  E . . . . 

Egan,  John 

Eickoff,  Raymond  E. 

Eike,  Hartvik  B 

Elliott,  Archie  J 

Elliott,  James  R 

Ellison,  Gus 

Emery,  George  D . . . . 

Emery,  Robert  S 

Emmons,  Oscar  V .  .  .  , 

Engel,  Herbert  B 

Englander,  Leo 

English,  Earl 

Epstein,  William 

Ericson,  Alfred  E 


Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt. ...... 

Sgt.,  1st  CI, 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

2dLt 

2d  Lt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Wag 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt 


Co.  G,  306Inf 

Co.  F,  302  Engrs 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs.... 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 
M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf. . . 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  F.  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305M.  G.  Bn. 
Co.  A,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 
Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs.... 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Btry  A,  306  F.  A.  .  .  . 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf ...... . 

Co.  A,  302  Engrs.  .  .  . 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Sup.  Co.,  305  Inf. .  . . 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Field  &  Staff,  305  Inf 
Co.  H,  308  Inf 


Cape  Vincent,  N.  Y 

CoUege  Point,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Waitsbury,  Wash 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Winchester,  Mass 

New  York  City 

New  Brighton,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Fall  River,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Portland,  Ore 

Cowsville,  N.Y 

Lawrence,  Mass 

Dorchester,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

BrooHyn,  N.  Y 

Fort  Montgomery,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Fairyland,  Idaho 

Plains,  Pa 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Lockport,  N.  Y 

Woonsocket,  R.  I 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Oneida,  N.Y 

Marcellus,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Fairhaven,  Mass 

HUlburn,  N.  Y 

Medford,  Mass 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Oakland,  Minn 

Nyssa,  Ore 

New  York  City 

Cove,  Ore 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Spokane,  Wash 

Clyde,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Martinsdale,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Ossining,  N.Y 

Greenfield,  Mass 

South  Boston,  Mass. . . . 
Richmond  Hill,  N.  Y.  .. 

Claytonia,  Idaho 

Yonkers,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Kooshia,  Idaho 

New  York  City 

Tiler,  Idaho 


8/27/18 

9/26/18 

9/14/18 

10/  2/18 

9/  2/18 

11/  7/18 

11/  7/18 

8/18/18 

10/  5/18 

9/27/18 

10/15/18 

8/23/18 

10/  5/18 

9/14/18 

8/22/18 

8/22/18 

8/23/18 

9/  7/18 

8/27/18 

9/  5/18 

9/14  18 

9/  9/18 

9/25/18 

8/12/18 

9/15/18 

9/27/18 

9/  6/18 

8/19/18 

10/12/18 

9/  6/18 

9/27/18 

8/27/18 

10/16/18 

10/18/18 

9/  7/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  6/18 

10/  1/18 

8/22/18 

10/10/18 

9/11/18 

10/15/18 

9/26/18 

10/  3/18 

11/  1/18 

9/30/18 

10/15/18 

10/18/18 

10/15/18 

9/  3/18 

9/  4/18 

9/27/18 

9/  5/18 

8/23/18 

9/26/18 

10/13/18 

10/  5/18 


A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 


IL} 


Name 


Organization 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Evenson,  I5d 

Everett,  Harvey  C 

Evoy,  John  P 

Fagan,  Charles  E 

Fagan,  Joseph  M 

Falco,  Thomas  J 

Fallon,  William  H 

Fallowell,  Charles  W . . . . 
FamigUetto,  Gennaro .  .  . 

Fanning,  William  H 

Farrell,  Patrick 

Farrell,  Richard 

Fassett,  Ancel  E 

Fatseas,  Paul 

Feit,  Ray  J 

Fellows,  OUver  S 

Felter,  Earle  B 

Fentz,  MiloT 

Ferris,  Ladue  S 

Feuerlieht,  Samuel 

Ficchi,  Carmelo 

Fickbohm,  Christian  H. . 

Figlioli,  Mario 

Fillici,  Fiari 

Fine,  William 

Finkelstein,  Jechiel 

Finnegan,  Cornelius  J . .  . 

Finnegan,  John 

Finnerty,  Edward  F .  .  .  . 
Finnegan,  Charles  D . . . . 

Finstad,  Olaf 

Fisher,  Wallace 

Fiske,  Harold 

Fitzpatrick,  Edward  A .  . 
Fitzpatrick,  Edward,  Jr. 
Fitzpatrick,  Richard.  .  .  . 

Flack,  Herbert 

Flaherty,  William  A .  .  .  . 

Flanagan,  Robert 

Fleck,  Carl  W 

Florence,  Joseph 

Flugge,  Frederick  E 

Flynn,  Thomas  G 

Foley,  Jtmes  J 

FaUiard,  Janes,  Jr 

Formaton,  Carmine 

Forte,  Salvatore 

Foss,  John  A 

Foster,  Claytie  S 

Foster,  Henry  A 

Francavillo,  Nicholas. . .  . 
Francobandiero,  Donate 

Frankhn,  Benjamin 

Franks,  Forest  M 

Frascati,  Giovaimi 

Eraser,  Stuart 

Fredericko,  Frank 

Fredericks,  Harry  R .  .  .  , 


Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Wag 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2d  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

2d  Lt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt..  Ist  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 


Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Sup.  Co.,  306  Inf 

308  Audi.  Co.,  302  S.  T. 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Btry.  F,  304  F.  A 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

308  Amb.  Co.,  302  S.  T 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Sup.  Co.,  305  F.  A 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Sup.  Co.,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A. 
Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 
Co.  A,  306  M.G.  Bn  . 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

■M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . .  . 

Co.  A,  302  Engrs 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Btry.  F,  306  F.  A 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . . . 
Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Med.  Det.,  306  Inf .  .  . 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  M.  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

302  F.  S.  Bn 


Akley,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Lewiston,  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Waterbury,  Conn 

Roslyn,  N.  Y 

Freewater,  Mont 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Lismas,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Bly,  Wash 

Los  Angeles,  Cal 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Ha\Te,  Mont 

Norwich,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Winchester,  Mass 

Chicago,  111 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Jefferson  VaUey,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  London,  Minn 

Newton  Upper  Falls,  Mass 
Rockville  Centre,  N.  Y. . . . 

Rhinebeck,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

No  address 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Binghamton,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.Y 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

SparkhiU,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Mantee,  Miss 

Stockbridge,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Waterbury,  Conn 

New  York  City 

Enumcian,  Wash 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Newark,  N.  J 

New  Rochelle,  N.  Y 


10/12/18 

8/27/18 

11/  4/18 

9/  5/18 

10/28/18 

11/  4/18 

8/19/18 

9/11/18 

10/12/18 

10/  6/18 

10/15/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  5/18 

8/25/18 

10/13/18 

10/29/18 

9/14/18 

10/12/18 

10/28/18 

10/15/18 

11/  1/18 

10/  2/18 

8/13/18 

9/11/18 

9/29/18 

10/11/18 

10/  2/18 

10/23/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  5/18 

10/12/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

9/10/18 

11/  3/18 

10/15/18 

11/  9/18 

9/  7/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  1/18 

8/21/18 

10/  1/18 

9/14/18 

8/28/18 

9/15/18 

9/28/18 

9/28/18 

10/14/18 

9/  2/18 

9/27/18 

8/17/18 

9/27/18 

10/  1/18 

8/24/18 

9/11/18 

9/15/18 

11  /1/18 


A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

A. 


[  111 


Freedman,  Isaac  N 

Frengs,  Alphonso 

Frey ,  Harry  C 

Friedman,  Irving 

Friel,  Joseph 

Frietag,  Frank  X 

Frost,  Benjamin 

Fuchs,  Walter 

Fuller,  Thomas  L 

Funatelli,  Achille 

Furstenan,  Carl  L 

Gadda,  Onorato 

Gaideke,  Benjamin 

Galinauskas,  Constantine. 

Galivan,  James  C 

Gallagher.  Patrick  J 

Galligan,  Eugene 

Gallob.  Ilyman 

Gard,  Edwin  S 

Gardiner,  Elmer  L 

Gardner,  Alfred  W 

Garland,  Jack 

Garten,  Luke 

Gartright,  John  R 

Garus,  Stephen 

Gash,  George  W 

Gaughn,  Thomas 

Gavalie,  Joe 

Gavin,  George  M 

Gazerro,  Giovanni 

Geer,  Connie  F 

Geer,  Edgar  S 

Gehrsitz,  Augustine 

Geidel,  Christian  F 

Geisenhof,  Charles 

George,  Henry 

Georger,  Arthur  M 

Gerhauser,  Carl  F 

Germauck,  Joseph 

Gernentz,  Edward  J 

Gersch,  George 

Gerstein,  Louis 

Getman,  Elias  E 

Ghitti,  Alfredo 

Gibson,  Fred 

Giles,  James 

Gilkey,  Ralph 

Gill,  Glenn  E 

Gill,  Raymond  E.   

Gillam,  Walter  E 

Gillespie,  Harry 

Gilligan,  Patrick 

Gisholt,  Lars.  J 

GitchcU,  Leonard  C 

Gladd,  David  E 

Glassheim,  Charles 

Glynn,  William 

Goebel,  William 


Rank 


Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt.  Maj .  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

2d  Lt 

Pvt,,  1st  CI 

1st  Lt 

P\'t 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt,,  1st  CI 

Pn 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Sgt 

Capt 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 


Organization 


M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf  . 
Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn 
Btry.  C,  304  F.  A    .  . 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf 
San.  Det..  305  Inf .  .  . 
Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  I.  308  Inf 

Co.  B.  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Btry  C,  304  F.  A. .  .  . 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B.  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Btry  D,  305  F.  A. .  .  . 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs. .  .  . 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  L.  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf. 
(Unassigned)  307  Inf. 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 


New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Fair  Haven,  Conn 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Lewi.ston,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

MoUne,  111 

Reno,  Nev 

New  York  City 

Cambridge,  Mass 

Jamestown,  N.  Y 

Port  Chester,  N.  Y 

Roxbury,  Mass 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Seattle,  Wash 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Lancaster,  N.  Y 

Garden  City,  N.  Y 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

Cle  Elum,  Wash 

New  York  City 

Johnston,  R.  I 

New  York  City. ...... 

Randolph,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

College  Point,  N.  Y. .  .  . 

WellsviUe,  N.  Y 

Kamiah,  Idaho 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Farfield,  Wash 

Great  Neck,  N.  Y 

Benedict,  Neb 

New  York  City 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.... 

Carthage,  N.  Y 

ManviUe,  R.  I 

Brawley,  Cal 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Searsport,  Me 

Lyndon,  Kans 

Long  Island  City,  N.  Y 

Flushing.  N.  Y 

Waterbury,  Conn 

.San  Francisco,  Cal 

Coquille,  Ore 

Hebo,  Ore 

Richmond  Hill,  N.  Y... 

New  York  City 

Great  Neck,  N.  Y 

Lynbrook,  N.  Y 


Date  op 
Death 


10/14/18 

10/14/18 

8/20/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  6/18 

9/28/18 

9/29/18 

9/14/18 

9/14/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/12/18 

10/  9/18 

10/  4/18 

9/30/18 

9/  9/18 

9/  8/18 

10/  6/18 

8/17/18 

10/12/18 

10/  3/18 

9/27/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  6/18 

8/22/18 

9/  7/18 

10/  7/18 

10/  4/18 

8/24/18 

8/16/18 

10/  1/18 

9/  6/18 

9/26/18 

10/  9/18 

10/13/18 

9/  6/18 

10/18/18 

9/27/18 

10/13/18 

9/27/18 

9/  6/18 

9/  5/18 

8/19/18 

10/  5/18 

8/28/18 

10/  7/18 

10/15/18 

8/23/18 

9/  4/18 

11/  1/18 

10/  4/18 

11/15/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

8/18/18 

6/  3/18 

9/30/18 


Key 


A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

^\. 

A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 


115  ] 


FlA^fK 


Organization 


\ddress 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Goeres,  Nick  F 

Goerse,  Frank 

Goldberg,  Isaac 

Golden,  William 

Goldfarb,  Harry 

Goldklang,  ISIax 

Goldman,  Jacob 

Goldner,  Jacob , 

Goldstein,  Julius 

Golob,  Nat 

Gondo,  John 

Goodman,  Henry  D. . . . 

Groodman,  Jacob 

Goonan,  Edward 

Gorman,  Richard  J 

Gosselin,  Wilfred  J 

Gotti,  .\lbert  J 

Grace,  George 

Graham,  EMward  F. .  .  . 
Graham,  Robert  J. . .   . . 

Grandy,  Laertis 

Gramt,  Edward  L 

Grasek,  Joseph  F.,  Jr.. . 

Grauman,  Marvin 

Greally,  Michael  J 

Greb,  George  A 

Greenblat,  Harry 

Greene,  Edward  V 

Greenspan,  Philip 

Gregory,  Gordon  C 

Grimes,  Patrick 

Grobtuck,  Samuel  D. .  . 

Grosz,  William  H 

Grow,  Harvey  C 

Grubbs,  Lee 

Guenthner,  Robert  D.  . 

Guertin,  Herve 

Guerra,  Juan 

Guilefuss,  Clarence  P. . . 
Guillanme,  Alonzo  H.. . 
Guisness,  Christopher  B 

Gulotte,  Stephen  L 

Gunger,  Laurence  N. . . . 
Guthrie,  Farrand  R. .  .  . 

Guttila,  Carmelo 

Hacker,  Truman 

Haeuser,  Walter 

Hagberry,  Randel  A 

Haley,  Thomas  J 

Hall.  George  B 

Hall,  George  W 

Halligcui,  WilUam  C. . . . 

Halverson,  Oscar 

Hamann,  Herman  W. .  . 

Hamel,  Henry 

Hamilton,  Douglas  O. . . 

Hamilton,  George  T 

Hamilton,  Harley  A. . .  . 


Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Vvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvl 

2dLt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Capt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pv-t.,  1st  CI. 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf. 

Co.  A,  306  Inf. 

Co.  E,  307  Inf. 

Co.  F,  305  Inf. 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf. 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Btry.  E,  304  F.  A 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A 
Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn . 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf. 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf..., 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf :. 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  L.  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf. 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf. 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf. 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf. 

Co.  B,  305  Inf. 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  302  F.  S.  Bn... 
M.  G.  Co.,  305Inf.... 

Co.  B,  308  Inf. 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf. 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 
Co.  A,  307  Inf 


White  Lake,  S.  D... 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Conway,  N.  D 

BrookljTi,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Bradford,  Mass 

New  Rochelle,  N.  Y. 

Dubuque,  Iowa 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Geneva,  N.Y 

Franklin,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Helena,  Ark 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y' 

New  Y'ork  City 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Reno,  Nev 

Lyons,  N.Y 

Holyoke,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Athens,  N.  Y 

Ilion,  N.  Y 

Leavensworth,  Wash. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Wolcott,  N.  Y 

Melvin,  Iowa 

Flushing,  N.Y 

Gouverneur,  N.  Y. . . . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

Triangle,  Idaho 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Richmond  HiU,  N.  Y 

Patchogue,  N.Y 

New  Haven,  Conn. .  . 

Locke,  Wash 

Camp  Creek,  S.  D. . . 
Waterbury,  Conn. . . . 
San  Francisco,  Cal. . . 
HoUy  Springs,  Miss. . 
Great  Falls,  Mont. . . . 


10/15/18 

10/  1/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  6/18 

12/18/18 

8/25/18 

10/  6/18 

10/14/18 

9/  4/18 

10/  7/18 

10/29/18 

8/21/18 

9/27/18 

9/14/18 

6/  3/18 

11/  5/18 

9/15/18 

9/  9/18 

8/22/18 

10/  8/18 

9/15/18 

10/  9/18 

11/30/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  3/18 

10/10/18 

10/  9/18 

8/21/18 

8/25/18 

11/  5/18 

10/12/18 

11/  7/18 

11/  4/18 

8/27/18 

9/  6/18 

10/12/18 

11/10/18 

9/  8/18 

9/26/18 

10/  5/18 

6/24/18 

9/  7/18 

11/  5/18 

9/25/18 

9/  6/18 

9/11/18 

9/  8/18 

10/  7/18 

10/13/18 

9/28/18 

8/27/18 

10/  5/18 

10/14/18 

10/  9/18 


A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
W. 

^\. 

A. 
A. 
W. 

w. 
w. 

A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 


116 


1 

Name 

Rank 

Organization 

Address 

Date  of 
Death 

Key 

Hamway,  Charles  K 

Handilman,  Harry 

Hanlon.  Charles  J 

Hanley,  Joseph  P 

Hannagan,  Thomas  F . .  .  . 

Hansen,  Edward  A 

Hansen,  Hans  J.  S 

Hansen,  Niels  M 

Hanson,  Carl  W 

Hanson,  Theodore 

Harder,  Clarence  J 

Hardgrove,  David 

Harkins,  Matthew  J 

Harkowitz,  Louis 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

New  York  City 

9/  6/18 

10/  1/18 

9/29/18 

9/14/18 

10/  6/18 

6/24/18 

10/13/18 

10/  1/18 

10/11/18 

10/  8/18 

8/30/18 

8/28/18 

10/15/18 

9/14/18 

9/27/18 

11/  4/18 

8/28/18 

8/13/18 

9/  6/18 

9/14/18 

8/22/18 

11/  7/18 

8/15/18 

11/  5/18 

9/10/18 

10/  2/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  5/18 

8/22/18 

11/  8/18 

9/  4/18 

6/24/18 

9/  9/18 

9/  1/18 

10/  2/18 

10/  8/18 

10/11/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  3/18 

10/  2/18 

8/20/18 

10/14/18 

9/  6/18 

9/  1/18 

10/  2/18 

10/29/18 

9/16/18 

10/  4/18 

8/27/18 

10/20/18 

10/  3/18 

9/14/18 

10/25/18 

9/29/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  4/18 

10/14/18 

A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
\\. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 

Co.  F,  308  Inf. 

New  York  City 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Portal,  N.  D 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt 

Cq.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  302  Engrs 

Co.  H,  308  Inf.  .:• 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Binghamton,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Roy,  S.  D 

Frederickstown,  Pa 

Cherokee,  Iowa 

Tonawanda.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Province  Lake,  N.  H 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt 

Dongan  Hills,  N.  Y 

Harmon,  Howard  L 

Harney,  Patrick 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  Inf.  .  . 
Co.  G,  306  Inf      .   . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y     .... 

Sgt 

Co.  C,  302F.  S.  Bn.... 
Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn.  . 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Beacon,  N.  Y        .... 

Harris,  Thomas  A 

1st  Lt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI., 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

2dLt 

Pvt 

New  York  City 

HiUburn,  N.  Y 

Richmond  Hill,  N.  Y 

Martinsville,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Hartel,  Joseph,  Jr 

Hartman,  Arthur  C 

Hartman,  Theodore 

Hartnett,  William  F 

Haselton,  Ernest  M 

Haskins,  George  M 

Hastings,  James  J 

Hastings,  Thomas  0 

Hattenier,  Leon  H 

Haughian,  Michael  F.  .  .  . 

Haupt,  Fred 

Haurahan,  John  J 

Hauser,  George 

Hausner,  Salie 

Havens,  Daniel  E 

Havens,  George  E 

Havens,  Herbert  L 

Hawkins,  Dean  D 

Hawkins,  Joseph  H.,  Jr. . . 

Hayden,  James  M 

Hayes,  Edward  T 

Hayes,  Michael  J 

Hayward,  Walter 

Headman,  Edward  C  .  .  . . 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

East  Dedham,  Mass 

Northport,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A.. 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Dixie,  Wash 

De  Grande,  Mont 

Springfield,  N.  Y    ... 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Sgt 

New  York  City 

Long  Island  City,  N.  Y.  .  . 
New  York  City 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Pvt 

Pvt. 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn... 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Triangle,  N.  Y 

East  Syracuse,  N.  Y 

Baker,  Mont 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  D.  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

San  Francisco,  Calif 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y    . 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 

Sgt 

Holyoke,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Cleveland,  Ohio 

La  Salle,  N.  Y 

No  address 

International  Falls,  Minn. . 

FarUn,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Hegarty,  Michael  J 

Pvt 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn... 
Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt 

Heideman,  Charles 

Pvt 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306M.  G.  Bn... 
Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Sauk  Rapids,  Miim 

Hellberg,  Kustaf  A 

HeUman,  Carl  W 

Hemberg,  Robert 

Henion,  William  H 

Henley,  ChfFord 

Pvt 

Pvt... 

Porter ville,  N.  Y 

Pvt 

New  York  City 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.. 
Pvt 

Hillburn,  N.  Y 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Hennessey,  Martin  F .  .  .  . 

Henning,  Albert  M 

Herries,  Alexander,  Jr. . . . 
Herrman,  Dominic  H .  .  .  . 

Pvt 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf  ... 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

1 

117] 


Organization 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Hershnian.  Michael  M . 
Hosterberg,  Cornelius.  . 

Heston,  Glenn  S 

Heutte,  Mfred 

Hever,  William  J 

Hickey,  James  R 

Hickman,  Virden  S .  .  .  . 

Higgins,  Leo  V 

Hildebrand,  Carl 

Hill,  Arthur  A 

Hill,  Columbus  C 

Hill,  James  A 

Hilton,  Charles  S 

Hinchman,  John  A .  .  .  . 
Hoadley,  Sheldon  E.  .  .  . 

Hochman,  Jacob 

Hoel,  Warren  E 

HofTman,  Edwin  L 

HofTiiieister,  Harry  W . . 

HofTnagle,  Don  V 

Hofman,  Charles  V .  .  .  . 

Hofstetter,  Ben.  J 

Hogan.  Patrick 

Hohler,  George  H 

Hollander,  Viel 

HoUiday,  William  M . . . 
Hollywood,  James  A. .  . 

Holthaus,  JuUus 

Holzschneider,  Gus .  .  . . 

Hoosack,  Joseph 

Hopp,  Charles  F 

Hospoduras,  John 

Hotchkiss,  Harold 

Houghtalling,  Harry  W 

Hourican,  Patrick 

Housemann,  Howard  T 

Hoven,  Sylvester 

Howard,  Bernard  A.  . . . 

Hubbel,  Harry  R 

Hudspeth,  Silas  H 

Hughes,  Peter  E 

Hurd,  Ervin  C 

Hurell,  Eugene 

Hurtig,  Max 

Hussey,  Thomas 

Huttle,  John 

Hutton,  Robert 

Hyde,  Richard  W 

Hyman,  Louis 

Hynes,  Patrick  J 

Ingalls,  Robert  P 

Intelisano,  John 

Iraci,  Alfio 

Irwin.  William  E.,  Jr. . 

Isaacs.  Joseph 

Isaacs,  Michael 

Isaksen,  John 

Isele,  Theodore 


Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Sgt 

Corpl 

1st  Lt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Bugler 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


M.  G.  Co..  307  Inf. . . . 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Btry.  F,  304  F.  A 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Btry.  D,  305  F.  A .  .  .  . 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Btry.  D,  306  F.  A .  .  .  . 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf . . . . 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

San.  Det.,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  Inf.  . 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Btry.  F,  306  F.  A 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  207  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Btry.  B,  304  F.  A 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . . . 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 
Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn . 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  302  F.  S.  Bn.. 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf.  . 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 


Linden,  N.  J 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Gopher,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Rosebank,  N.  Y 

Palmyra,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Vananda,  Mont 

Oxford,  Mich 

Ilarrisburg,  Ark 

Bath,  N.  A 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  address 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Echo,  Ore 

New  York  City 

Eagle,  Colo 

Norwood,  Mass 

Lackawanna,  N.  Y . . . 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Ilo,  Idaho 

New  York  City 

Cottonwood,  Idaho.  . 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Great  Neck,  N.  Y .  .  . 

Norwich,  Conn 

Chester,  Conn 

New  York  City 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.. 

Antelope,  Mont 

Wyoming,  N.  Y 

Milford,  Conn 

Yeelville,  Ark 

DeGratT,  Minn 

St.  Helena,  Calif 

Fort  Plain,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Great  Neck,  N.  Y .  .  . 
West  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Pendleton,  Ore 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Riverdale,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Bristol,  Conn 


9/28/18 

9/12/18 

9/28/18 

9/  4/18 

10/  8/18 

8/23,  18 

10/  5/18 

8/22/18 

10/  5/18 

8/31/18 

8/22/18 

8/25/18 

10/10/18 

10/  8/18 

10/13/18 

10/16/18 

8/26/18 

10/  4/18 

9/  2/18 

10/12/18 

9/10/18 

10/  8/18 

9/29/18 

9/16/18 

10/16/18 

10/  5/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/14/18 

8/22/18 

8/23/18 

6/  3/18 

8/18/18 

11/  8,  18 

8/12/18 

8/20/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  2/18 

10/  1/18 

9/26/18 

10/15/18 

10/10/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  7/18 

9/29/18 

9/  7/18 

10/15/18 

10/  5/18 

9/16/18 

9/14/18 

10/11/18 

9/27/18 

10/  8/18 

9/30/18 

10/30/18 

10/24/18 

10/  2/18 

9/26/18 


A. 

A. 
W. 

A. 
W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 
Acd. 


118 


Name 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Isler,  Fred 

Jackson,  Jacob  E 

Jackson,  Lloyd  O 

Jacobson,  Roy  D 

James,  John  H 

Jamusz,  Michael 

Jappe,  August 

Jarvis,  David 

Jaxel,  Emil,  Jr 

Jensen,  Andrew  R 

Jepson,  Earl  F 

Jerabek,  Anton  T 

Jobe,  John  W 

Johanneson,  Chris.  P. .  . 
Johansen,  Johannes. .  .  . 

Johnson,  Charles  J 

Johnson,  Bert  M 

Johnson,  Carl 

Johnson,  Charley 

Johnson,  Edward 

Johnson,  Ernest  C 

Johnson,  Gustaf  L 

Johnson,  John 

Johnson,  Louis  N 

Johnson.  Oscar  P 

Johnson,  Peter 

Johnson,  W  aldemar  C. . 
Johnson,  William  J  .  .  .  . 

Jolic^uer,  William 

Jolly,  Samuel 

Jones,  Arthur  H 

Jones,  Henry  J 

Jones.  John  W 

Jones,  Thomas  A 

Jorgenson,  Eric  F 

Judd.  Roland  W 

Kachuk,  Mike 

Kaija.  Steve 

Kaniponies,  Kosta 

Kane,  James 

Kaplan.  Meyer 

Kaplan,  Samuel 

Kappelman,  Gilbert. . .  . 

Kastel,  .-Vlbert  M 

Katsoulis.  Treantefilos . 

Keane,  John  J 

Keane,  Patrick 

Keating.  Frank  H 

Keating,  James 

Keating.  Michael 

Keck,  August  G 

Kedenburg,  Carl 

Kedenburg,  Theodore  W 

Keefe,  William 

Keene,  Earl  A 

Kees,  George  D 

Kelleher,  Michael 

Keeler,  Lambert 


Pvt 

Wag 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

T\t 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Cook 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 


Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A 
Sup.  Co.,  305  F.  A... 
Co.  B,  305M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.E,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf. 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 
Hdqtrs.  Co.,  304  F.  A, 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf. 

Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf. 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Btry.  D,  306  F.  A 

Med.  Det.,306Inf.... 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  1,307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305Inf.... 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  E.  302  Engrs 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf.... 
M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf.... 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 


New  York  City 

Anoka,  Minn 

Greene,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Endicott,  N.  Y 

Frankfort,  N.  Y 

Big  Sandy,  Mont 

Henderson,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Albert  Lea,  Minn 

Minden,  Nev 

New  York  City 

California,  Mo 

Bryant,  S.  D 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Scobey,  Mont 

Georgetown,  Conn 

Sioux  City,  Iowa 

Forsyth,  Mont 

Clancy,  Mont 

Hartford,  Conn 

Calumet,  Mich 

Washington  Mills,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Roseau,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Coeur  D'Alene,  Ida. .  .  . 

Woonsocket,  R.  I 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Clymer,  N.  Y 

Yaphank,  N.  Y 

Orient,  N.  Y' 

Cohoes,  N.  Y 

Menan,  Idaho 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Linfor,  Idaho 

Fulton,  N.  Y 

Knox,  N.  D 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Springville,  Mass 

Marshfield,  Ore 

Bridgeport,  Conn 

Jamaica  Plains,  Mass. . . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Hoosick  Falls,  N.  Y 

Jerome,  Idaho 

Warm  Springs,  Ark 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

Kenmore,  N.Y 


8/26/18 

9/11/18 

9/27/18 

8/28/18 

10/15/18 

8/17/18 

10/  1/18 

10/  7/18 

10/12/18 

10/12/18 

10/  4/18 

8/17/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/  4/18 

10/14/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

10/  8/18 

10/20/18 

10/  3/18 

9/26/18 

10/12/18 

9/16/18 

9/26/18 

8/27/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  3/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  7/18 

11/  1/18 

9/19/18 

9/14/18 

10/12/18 

10/  5/18 

10/15/18 

10/  7/18 

10/13/18 

10/16/18 

10/  1/18 

9/12/18 

9/  6/18 

10/12/18 

10/29/18 

9/14/18 

8/15/18 

9/  9/18 

11/  9/18 

6/  3/18 

9/  5/18 

10/12/18 

10/16/18 

9/13/18 

10/12/18 

11/  7/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  2,  18 


W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
Acd. 
W 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


119] 


N.VME 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Kelley,  James  B 

Kelley,  Thomas  J 

KeUy,  Clark  L 

Kelly,  Eugene  F 

Kelly,  James  B 

Kelly,  John  E 

Kelly,  Kennedy  K 

Kendrick,  Williaiii  E. .  . 
Kennedy,  Joseph  D. .  . . 

Kennedy,  Peter  F 

Kennedy,  Robert  G. .  .  . 

Kenney,  Joseph 

Keppler.  John 

Kerber,  Jacob 

Kerr,  .Albert 

Kidder,  Har\-ey 

Kiefhaber,  Conrad  F. .  . 

Kimble.  Edward  C 

King,  Hsirry  A 

Kinkel,  Walter  J 

Kirk,  Charles  F 

Kirk  pa  trick,  Richard  F. 

Kirsch,  Louis 

Klaffka,  John 

Klaiber,  Paul 

Klamka,  John 

Klein,  Da^id 

Klein,  Herman 

Klein,  Walter  C 

Klimaszwaki,  Victor .  .  . 

Knab,  Peter  T 

Knapp,  John 

Knipper,  Andrew 

Knopow,  Charles 

Knott.  Carlton  J 

Knowles,  James  G 

Knowlson,  William  G. . . 

Knox,  Robert  G 

Kobernat,  James  F 

Koebler,  George 

Koehler,  Clarence  H 

Koeppe,  Max 

Koemig,  George  C 

Konopko,  NA'incentz 

Kozerski,  Joseph 

Krause,  John  S 

Kreutzer,  George 

Krichevsky,  Joseph.  .  .  . 

Kronfield,  Harry  E 

Krugman,  Frank 

Kucharsky.  Adam 

Kunkel.  Frank 

KunzU,  Emil 

Kuttler,  WiUiam 

Kwiatowski,  Stanley.  .  . 

Kyewski,  John 

Kyne,  Patrick  M 

LalBn,  Martin 


Sgt 

Pvt........ 

IWt 

Corpl 

Sgt 

Corpl. ..... 

P^-t 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  a 

Pvt 

Pn^^ 

Corpl 

Prt 

P^'t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pv-t 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt. 

Pvt. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  Ci 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

P\-t 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pv-t 

Pn 

Sgt 

P\t 

Corpl 

Cook 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Isl  CI 
Pvt 


Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf. 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf. 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

San.  Det.,  307  Inf.... 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  G.  307  Inf. 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf. 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  302Engrs 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs. .  .  . 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Btry.  B,  305  F.  A. . . . 
Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306Inf.. 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf... 
Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Binghamton,  N.  Y. .  . 
Three  Brothers,  Ark. . 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Seattle,  Wash 

Buhl.  Idaho 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Amsterdam,  N.  Y. . . . 

Judith,  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Stapleton,  N.  Y 

Stayton,  Ore 

Jersey  City,  N.  J. .  .  . 

Miles  City,  Mont 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Oakland,  Ore 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

SenecaValls,  N.  Y. . . 

Flat  River,  Mo 

Morgantown,  W.  Va. . 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Bermidgi,  Minn 

Warsaw,  N.  Y 

Ansonia,  Conn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Glendale,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Raymond,  Minn 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrookljTi,  N.  Y 

HiU  City,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  X.  Y 

BrookljTi,  N.  Y 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  Hyde  Park,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn.  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

BrookljTi,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Duluth,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Millwood,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

South  Boston,  Mass.. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 


8/29/18 
8/23/18 
11/12/18 
8/13,18 
8/30/18 
9/  8/18 
10/  8/18 
10/  3/18 
9/29/18 
9/30/18 
10/  5/18 
10/15/18 
8/18/18 
10/  2/18 
10/  5/18 
10/16/18 
8/  2.  18 
8/23/18 
11/10/18 
9/29/18 
8/27/18 
10/15/18 
9/  5/18 
9/27/18 
10/15/18 
8/27/18 
9/15/18 
10/13/18 
8/30/18 
8/28  18 
9/11,18 
10/  8/18 
8/23,  18 
10/14/18 
10/  4/18 
10/12/18 
8/28/18 
10/18/18 
10/12/18 
10/  8/18 
9/  2,  18 
10/  5,18 
10/  8,  18 
8/27/18 
10/13/18 
10/12/18 
10/13/18 
10/  4/18 
8/16/18 
9/  5/18 
9/  9/18 
10/  3/18 
8/16/18 
11/  4/18 
9/  5/18 
9/  6/18 
9/  6/18 
10/  6/18 


A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


120 


Name 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Laib,  Michael 

Laino,  Thomas 

Lancer,  James  J 

Landman,  Jacob 

Landon,  Joseph  H 

Lane,  William  J 

Lang,  Stephen 

Lanphean,  Oliver  M. . . 

Lanyshier,  Fred  J 

Larson,  Edward  J 

Larson,  James  A 

Larson,  Martin 

Larum,  Oscar 

La  Scola,  Giovanni.  .  . 

Lauritsen,  James 

Lawrence,  Benjamin  E 

Lawrence,  Omar 

Lawson,  Walter  F 

Leahy,  Bernard  P 

Leberto,  Guiseppe.  .  .  . 

Lederle,  Louis  J 

Lee,  Bernard  J 

Lee,  John 

Lefeore,  Henry  J 

Lefkowitz,  Bennie .... 
Lefkowitz,  Morris .... 

Lefto,  Levi 

Lekan,  Mike 

Lemra,  Theodore 

Lenahan,  John  C 

Leonard,  Clarence  T.  . 
Leonard,  Howard  G. . . 

Leonard,  James  F 

Leonard,  Jerome  M. .  . 

Lerario,  Guiseppe 

Levine,  Jacob 

Levine,  Samuel 

Levins,  Leslies  A 

Levinson,  Sol 

Levoy,  Joseph  H 

Levy,  Jacob 

Levy,  Julius 

Lewenicht,  Louis 

Lewis,  Alma 

Lewis,  Frederick 

Leyendecker,  Thomas. 
Lieberman,  Nathan. . . 

Lieneck,  Paul  G 

Lieser,  William  A 

Lik,  John 

LiUedale,  Carl  H 

Limonjelli,  Giovanni.  . 
Lincoln,  Frederick  C. . 

Lindblom,  Henry 

Lindeborg,  Arthur  R. . 
Lipasti,  Frank  I 


Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.... 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt.  Adj. 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Corpl 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt 


Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  ,306Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

M.  G  Co.,  305  Inf... 
Co.  G,  308  Inf....  .  . 

Co.  E.  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf... 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  I.  305  Inf. 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

3rd  Bn.,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.E,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A. .. . 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

302  San.  Train,  305 

Fid.  Hosp 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A. . . . 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Med.  Corp,  308  Inf. . 

Co  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  1,308  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn 
Btry.  D,  304  F.  A.... 
Btry.  E,  306  F.  A. . . . 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 


Delmont,  S.  D 

Corona,  N.  Y 

Bath,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Red  Bluff,  Calif 

New  York  City 

Harmony,  Minn 

Sidney,  Mont 

Duluth,  Mmn 

Malta,  Mont 

Sicily,  Italy 

Dixie,  Wash 

Courtenay,  N.  D 

Balwin,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

W.  Haven,  Conn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Perth,  Ont.,  Can 

Townacorry-Kilclare-Co, 

Leitrim,  Ireland 

Sprey,  Utah 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Henderson,  Minn 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

BrooUyn.  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Farmingdale,  N.Y 

Douglass,  Ariz 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

So.  NorwaUt,  Conn 

Elkton,  Ore 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Harlsy,  Ida 

New  York  City 

Paynesville,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Henry,  Ohio 

Mocissin,  Mont 

Seattle,  Wash 

Housdale,  N.Y 

Prescott,  Mass 

No  address 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Butte,  Mont 


10/12/18 

9/  3/18 

8/13/18 

9/26/18 

8/13/18 

9/15/18 

8/13/18 

10/  2/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  1/18 

10/15/18 

11/  5/18 

8/15/18 

10/20/18 

9/26/18 

9/11/18 

10/17/18 

9/13/18 

9/25/18 

8/21/18 

10/  6/18 

9/27/18 
10/12/18 
10/  2/18 
10/15/18 
10/22/18 
10/  8/18 

8/23/18 
10/14/18 

9/15/18 

9/  9/18 
10/21/18 

11/  8/18 

10/13/18 

11/10/18 

11/26/18 

9/27/18 

10/13/18 

8/18/18 

9/  4/18 

10/  4/18 

9/  5/18 

11/  2/18 

10/15/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  7/18 

8/27/18 

10/  9/18 

10/12/18 

10/  8/18 

8/24/18 

9/10/18 

10/22/18 

10/13/18 

10/12/18 


A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 

W. 
A 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
W. 
W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 


121  ] 


Name 


Rank 


Organization" 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Lippe.  Oscar  P 

Lippert .  Frederick  F. .  . 
Liszewski,  Antoni .... 

Little,  Robert  G 

Locken,  Olaf 

Lockwood,  Hardy  M. . 

Logan,  William 

Logatto,  Benjamin .  .  .  , 

Lombard,  Vincent 

Lombargo.  Vincenzo .  .  . 
LondraNTlle,  John  C. .  .  . 

Looslie,  Daniel  H 

Lord.  Walter  B 

Lorenz,  Paul  E 

Lout,  Charles  H 

Love,  James  A 

Lowenstein,  Herman. .  . 

Lowery,  William 

Luckett,  Henry  C 

Lund,  Loren 

Limdquist,  August  W. . 

Luoma,  Sam 

Lusk,  William  T 

Lynch,  Hugh  E 

Lynch,  James 

Lynch,  James  A 

Lynch,  James  M 

Lynch,  Thomas  F.,  Jr. . 

Lynch,  William  F 

Lyons,  Thomas  J 

McAllister,  William 

McCallister,  Joseph. . . . 

McCann,  Henry  P 

McCarroU,  Wm.  E 

-McCarthy,  Howard  T. . 
McCauley,  Charles .  .  .  . 
McCauliffe,  Mark  J. .  .  . 
McConnell,  John  W. . .  . 
McConville,  John  H. . . 
McComiick,  Henry  L.  , 

McCrane,  Wm.  J 

McDade,  Daniel  S 

McDermott,  Patrick. .  , 

McDermott,  T.  F 

McDermott,  Thomas  J. 

McDevitt,  Earl 

McDevitt,  J.  C 

McDonald,  James 

McDonald,  Wm.  J 

McFadden,  Charles. .  .  . 

McGillis,  Fred 

McGlinchy,  George  P. 

McGlinchy,  Wm.  J 

McGonigle,  \\  m 

McGovem,  John 

McGovem,  Thomas. . . 
McGowan,  Bernard. . .  . 
McGrath,  Englore  M.. 


Sgt 

Pv-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

p>t 

p\-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\-t.,  1st  CI 

PNt 

P\-t 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\-t 

P>-t 

P>t 

P\t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

P\-t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

PM 

P>-t 

PN-t 

Pvt 

P>-t 

Corpl 

P\-t.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

P\-t 

P^-t 

PN-t 

2dLt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  L.  307  Inf. 

Co.  C,  308Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf. 

Co.  H.  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf. 

Co.  A.  307  Inf 

San.Co.,302  Med.Corp 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf. 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf. 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf.  

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf.... 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf. 

Co.  I,  306  Inf. 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf. 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf. 

Co.  A,  305M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  G,  307  Inf. 

Btry.  C,  304  F.  A 

HdqtrsCo.,  306Inf... 

Co.  M,  306  Inf. 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf. . 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Btry.  D,  304  F.  A 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf. 

Co.  A,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  B,  305  Inf. 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  302EngTs 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf. 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 


New  York  City 

BrooklvTi,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Lyons,  Ore 

Hallock,  Miim 

Corsica,  S.  D 

Fisher,  Minn 

Orangebiu'g,  N.  Y.. . . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

No  address 

Cape  Vincent,  N.  Y.. 

Rexburg,  Ida 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

Lawrence,  Mass 

Rensselaer,  N.  Y. .  .  . 
Clifton  Springs,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Lancaster,  N.  Y 

Foster,  Mont 

Osakis,  Minn 

Enterprise,  Ore 

Two  Harbors.  Minn. . 

Pensacola.  Fla 

Arcade.  N.  Y' 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

Townsend,  Mont 

Westfield,  Mass 

Haverstraw,  N.  Y' 

New  York  City 

Troy,  S.  C....! 

Tonawanda,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

BrooklyTi,  N.Y 

Brooklyn.  N.Y' 

Cambridge,  Minn. .  .  . 

Rawlins,  Wyo 

Preble.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

New  Y'ork  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyti,  N.  Y 

BrooklyTi,  N.  Y 

Blasdell,  N.  Y 

Binghamton,  N.  Y'. . . 

New  York  City 

Oshoto,  Wyo 

Queens,  N.  Y' 

Malta,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

.\rmour,  S.  D 


8/29/18 

10/12/18 

9/  8/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  3/18 

9/29/18 

9/26/18 

9/  2/18 

11/20/18 

10/  5/18 

10/14/18 

10/  8/18 

9/15/18 

9/28/18 

10/13/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

8/15/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  5/18 

10/10/18 

10/  3/18 

8/21/18 

11/  4/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  6/18 

10/  8/18 

9/29/18 

8/22/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  5/18 

8/27/18 

9/14/18 

10/  3/18 

10/14/18 

9/26/18 

9/29/18 

8/26/18 

8/20/18 

9/  6/18 

11/  6/18 

10/  7/18 

6/24/18 

10/  3/18 

9/  9/18 

9/10/18 

8/23/18 

8/28/18 

10/12/18 

9/11/18 

9/26/18 

8/22/18 

9/28/18 

8/14/18 

9/27/18 

11/17/18 

9/  7/18 

10/  6/18 


A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A, 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

W 

A. 

A 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 


122] 


Name 


Organization 


Ajjdress 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

D. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

\V. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A 
Acd. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

D. 

A. 

A. 

\V. 

A. 

A. 

W 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 


McGuire,  James  J 

McGuire,  Patrick 

McHugh,  John 

Mclntyre,  Edward .... 
Mclntyre,  Edward  J. .  . 
McKeeman,  Arthur  T. . 

McKeown,  John  J 

McKinney,  George  C .  . 
McKibbon,  James  M .  . 
McLauchlin,  Chas.  A .  . 
McMahon,  William  R. . 
McMaster,  Wm.  G .  .  .  . 

McNamee.  Joseph 

McNeUl,  James 

McNeill,  John 

McNemey,  John  J 

Maccagno,  Antonio. . .  . 

Mace,  Dan  B 

Mack,  Fred.  H 

Mackiner,  Herbert 

MacNaughton,  Herbert 

Madden,  James  W 

Maggio,  James 

Maggio,  Luigo 

Magierko,  Jack 

Maher,  John 

Maher,  Peter 

Mahoney,  James 

Mahoney,  John  J 

Mahr,  George 

Maillou.\,  Arthur 

Mainwaring,  Wm 

Major,  George  F 

Malone,  Edward  J 

Mandel,  Benjamin 

Mann,  Ralph  S 

Manfredi,  John  

Mannarino,  Gregory . .  . 

Manthe,  Clarence  S 

Manthey,  Albert  M.  S . 

Maratos,  Harry  A 

Marcy,  Leon 

Marden,  Ray 

Margasuta,  Andrew. . . . 

MargrEif ,  Enoch  G 

Marini,  Michael 

Marino,  Paul  A  

Markowitz,  Louis 

Maroney,  John  L 

Marrigan,  Michael  A . . . 

Martin,  Joe 

Martin,  Thomas 

Martin,  Wm.  H 

Mason,  Henry 

Mass,  Abraham 

Mason,  Melchor  W .  .  .  . 
Massingill,  Walter  A. .  . 
Masucci,  Henry  E 


Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Capt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pn 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 


Co.  G,  306  Inf. 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A... 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Med.  Corp,  308  Inf. . 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  302  Engrs. .  . . 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf. . . 
Btry.  B,  306  F.  A.  .  . 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  M.  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  F.  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co,  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Btry.  A,  304  F.  A... 
M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf.  . 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  .\rt 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Irf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  L.  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

306  F.  Art 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  D.  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf...... 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 


New  York  City 

Providence,  R.I 

New  York  City 

Mulino,  Ore 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Afton,  Wyo 

Lawrence,  Mass 

Walla  Walla,  Wash 

Hagerstown,  Mich 

Belfry,  Mont 

North  Tonawanda,  N.  Y 

Twin  Falls.  Ida 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Pitlsfleld,  Mass 

Ranch  Creek,  Mont 

Bradford,  Pa 

Collins  Centre,  N.  Y...  . 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Manhasset,  N.  Y 

Rockaway  Beach,  N.  Y . 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Holbrook,  Mass 

Bridger,  Mont 

Westport,  Mass 

Osage  City.  Kans 

Monticello,  Minn 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Myers,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

Gaylord,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Waverly,  N   Y 

Stoughton,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Walerbury,  Conn 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Arlington,  Mass 

Franklin,  Minn 

Port  Washington,  N.  Y . 

Spokane,  Wash 

Otter  River,  Mass 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Montesano,  Wash 

Eveloth,  Minn 


8/28/18 

10/  6/18 

8/26/18 

9/26/18 

9/27/18 

10/  4/18 

9/27/18 

10/  6/18 

10/24/18 

10/10/18 

9/15/18 

9/27/18 

9/28/18 

5/27/18 

6/24/18 

8/15/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  4/18 

11/  6/18 

9/27/18 

10/  6/18 

8/28/18 

9/  9/18 

9/  9/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  4/18 

9/29/18 

9/14/18 

10/  5/18 

10/   1/18 

9/26/18 

10/10/18 

10/  6/18 

9/  9/18 

11/  9/18 

10/12/18 

10/13/18 

10/  4/18 

9/26/18 

10/16/18 

8/22/18 

10/10/18 

11/11/18 

9/29/18 

9/18/18 

8/27/18 

9/  8/18 

9/14/18 

11/  5/18 

11/  2/18 

9/27/18 

8/18/18 

10/11/18 

8/12/18 

11/  5/18 

10/13/18 

9/29/18 

10/13/18 


[123 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 

w. 

A 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 


Mathis,  Rudolph,  Jr. .  .  . 
Matteson,  Suniner  R . . . . 

Mattson,  Martin 

Matulis,  Jacob 

Matejcek,  Hugo  W 

Mayer,  Arthur 

MaynEird,  Albert  C 

Mays,  Roy 

Mea,  Cone  A 

Mead,  Joseph  P 

Meaney,  Frank  A 

Meeker,  Francais 

Medesker,  Peter  L 

Meier,  Agge  C 

Melary,  Joseph  F 

Melendy,  Raybern  R. . . 

Mendelson,  David 

Mendenhall,  Jesse  J  . . . 
Meringolo,  Carmine. . . . 

Merola,  Liugi 

Mertz,  John  J 

Messer,  Edward  T 

Mettler,  Richard 

Meury,  Frederick  M .  . . 

Meyer,  Charles  A 

Meyer,  John  E 

Meyer,  Wm.  J 

Mezritch,  Morris 

Michael,  Francis 

Miles,  George  H 

Miley,  George  J 

Miller,  Adolph 

Mihlrad,  Harry 

Miller,  Bert  R 

Miller,  Elmer 

Miller,  Frank  C 

Miller,  Grover  L 

Miller,  Harry 

Miller,  Heru'y 

Miller,  Henry 

Miller,  Wm 

Millsap,  Earl 

Milone,  Alphonse  P. . . . 

Minney,  Mose,  Jr 

Mitchell,  Patrick  J 

Moeser,  John 

Mongeon,  Rene 

Monguso,  Angelo 

Monsees,  John  R 

Montagna,  Pasquale. . . 

Montano,  John  M 

Montee,  Frederick  J .  .  . 
Montgomery,  Chas.  S .  . 
Montgomery,  Frank  T . 

Mooney,  John  J 

Moore,  Harold  A 

Moran,  James 

Morehouse,  Charles  A . . 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

2dLt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Wag 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

2dLt 

2dLt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf .  .  . 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  30.5  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf . . . 

305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Sup.  Co.,  306  Inf . . . . 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf. . . 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co  D,  306  Inf 

Co  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 
Btry.  A,  306  F.  A.. .  . 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf .  . 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . . 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  302  Engrs 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Troy,  Idaho 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Owatonna,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Fall  River,  Mass 

Rock  Springs,  Wyo .... 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Clarks  Ford,  Idaho. .  . . 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Melba,  Idaho 

Enterprise,  Ore 

White  Lake,  S.  D 

Hettinger,  N.  D 

No  address 

New  York  City 

Red  Bluff,  Cal 

Worcester,  Mass 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

RichmondHill,  N.  Y.. 

Rrooklyn,  N.  Y 

Boulah,  N.  D 

BrooWyn,  N.  Y 

No  address 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Agrilorsville,  Ind 

Gorham,  N.  Y 

Spokane,  Wash 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Ogden,  Utah 

Corral,  Idaho 

Landax,  Ore 

Omak,  Wash 

New  York  City 

New  Y'ork  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Seattle,  Wash 

Asotin,  Wash 

New  Haven,  Conn 

Lake  Clear  Jet.,  N.  Y.. 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Tompkinsville,  N.  Y. . . 
Indian  Orchard,  Mass.  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Glasgo,  New  London,Conn. 

New  York  City 

Tuscon,  Ariz 

Glen  Falls,  N.  Y 

Roselle  Park 

Wausau,  Wis 

New  York  City 

North  Adams,  Mass 

Kingston,  N.  Y 

Ripley,  N.Y 


11/10/18 

10/  4/18 

10/12/18 

9/  5/18 

10/10/18 

8/18/18 

10/17/18 

10/  5/18 

8/29/18 

10/  5/18 

10/20/18 

10/15/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

11/  5/18 

11/  1/18 

9/25/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  9/18 

9/14/18 

8/23/18 

10/13/18 

10/  1/18 

9/29/18 

10/  9/18 

8/18/18 

10/20/18 

9/27/18 

9/  4/18 

9/15/18 

9/  5/18 

10/19/18 

9/27/18 

10/  3/18 

10/10/18 

10/  2/18 

10/  6/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

10/16/18 

10/  4/18 

11/24/18 

9/  7/18 

9/13/18 

8/23/18 

10/  4/18 

9/29/18 

10/  1/18 

10/18/18 

9/  8/18 

9/29/18 

10/  3/18 

10/  7/18 

9/  6/18 

9/  7/18 

10/12/18 


124 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Peath 


Morehouse,  Walter  E 
Moore,  George  L. . . . 
Morgan,  Howard.  .  .  . 
Morgan,  Verner  I . . .  . 

Morin,  Edward 

Morris,  Charles  J . . .  , 

Morris,  William 

Morrisroe,  Michael  J. 

Morrone,  John 

Moscariello,  Thomas . 
Muhhng,  WiUiaiu  M. 
MuUin,  Richard  J.  .  . 

Mulrain,  Carl 

Mundell,  Geo.  T 

Mundee,  John  D 

Munson,  Eugene .... 
Murdock,  Lindsay  E.. 

Murnane,  John  D 

Murphy,  Daniel 

Murphy,  John  C 

Murphy,  John  J 

Murphy,  Joseph  F. .  . 

Murray,  John  H 

Murray,  Thomas  J. . . 
Muscietro,  Giovanni. 
Muzzy,  Charles  E. . . . 

Nabbruck,  John 

Nachman,  Edwin  A. . 

Naegely,  Max  O 

Nasta,  PhilHp 

Neitrzbie,  John 

Nelson,  Ernest  R 

Nelson,  George  R.. .  . 

Nelson,  John 

Nelson,  Joseph 

Nelson,  Ora  R 

Nelson,  Wm.  H 

Neymeyer,  Frederick . 

Newell,  John  E 

Nichols,  Robert  L 

Newsome,  Fred  W. .  . 
Nickerson,  Alfred  \V. 

Nickles,  Wm.  M 

Nies,  George  W 

Nirenberg,  Samuel . . . 
Nollmeyer,  Henry .  .  . 

Noon,  Alfred  R 

Norton,  Grant  S 

Norwat,  Arthur 

Nussberger,  George  C 

O'Brien,  Charles 

O'Brien,  John  B 

O'Brien,  Timothy  J. . 

O'Brien,  Wm 

O'Connell,  Daniel .  .  . 
O'Connell,  Thomas .  . 
O'Connor,  Arthur  P.. 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

2dLt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\t 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  D,  308Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf... 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf. 

Co.  C,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf. 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A.... 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf... 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf... 

Co.  II,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  308Inf... 
Co.  A,  302  Engrs. .  .  . 


De  Grand,  Mont 

Black  Foot,  Idaho 

New  York  City 

Oakland,  Cal 

Baker,  Ore 

Los  Angeles,  Cal 

Roslyn,  Wash 

Flushing,  N.Y 

Roslyn,  NY 

South  Norwalk,  Conn. . 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Whitinsville,  Mass 

Browning,  Mo 

No.  Tonawanda,  N.  Y.. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Victor,  Idaho 

Litchfield,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Mt.  Vernon,  N.Y 

Aildavour,  Co.  Clare,  Ire- 
land   

Babylon,  N.Y 

Cortland,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Ballston  Spa.,  N.  Y. . .  . 

Moab,  Wash 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Brooklyn.  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

RidgefieldPark,  N.  J... 

Manila,  Utah 

New  York  City 

Caldwell,  Ida 

Holly,  Colo 

Corona,  N.Y 

Richmond  Hill,  N.Y... 
No.  Attleboro,  Mass. . . . 

Quitman,  Miss 

Winnett,  Mont 

Lewiston,  N.  Y 

Bath,  N.Y 

BiUings,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Oregon  City,  Ore 

Westbury,  N.Y 

Sherman,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. . . . 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Wilkes  Barre,  Pa 

Canandaigua,  N.  Y. .  .  . 
East  Rochester,  N.  Y. .  . 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Rome,  N.Y 

New  York  City 


10/10/18 

10/  1/18 

9/  5/18 

10/10/18 

10/15/18 

10/10/18 

10/  8/18 

9/15/18 

6/  3/18 

8/19/18 

9/  9/18 

11/17/18 

8/23/18 

10/  5/18 

6/24/18 

8/30/18 

10/13/18 

10/20/18 

9/  7/18 

11/  5/18 

6/24/18 

8/14/18 

9/26/18 

9/27/18 

6/  9/18 

9/26/18 

10/13/18 

8/27/18 

9/  7/18 

9/  9/18 

11/  8/18 

8/13/18 

9/27/18 

8/18/18 

10/15/18 

11/  5/18 

9/29/18 

8/28/18 

9/  6/18 

9/  1/18 

9/29/18 

10/  8/18 

8/28/18 

10/  5/18 

11/10/18 

10/14/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  7/18 

10/  9/18 

9/27/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

9/10/18 

10/18/18 

8/28/18 

10/16/18 

10/15/18 


A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 

A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 


125 


Name 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


O'Connor.  Daniel 

O'Connor,  Joseph  F. .  . 
O'Connor,  Michael  B, 
O'Connor,  Patrick  J,. 

ODea.  John  F 

O'Donnell.  Charles. . . 

Oehler,  Max  S 

OlVeiilmrfrcr,  Win 

OHcrn.  Joseph  K 

Ohlson.  Vlfred  H 

( )'kccfe,  Thomas  C, .  . 

Olaiison.  Amund 

Old.  Kftun  H 

O'l-oughlin,  Frank   .  .  . 

Ol.sen,  Eric 

Olsen.  Hyruni 

01s,)n.  Hans  11 

Onnrio.  Creno 

O'Neill,  Arthur 

O'Neill,  John  T 

O'Neill,  Patrick  E 

Oppernian,  Wni.  J. .  .  . 

Optofsky,  Moses 

Oquist,  Axel  E 

Oniu-stad,  Ole 

Ornishy,  Orson  C 

t)'Rorke,  Patrick  C. .  . 
O'Roiirke,  Michael  F.. 

Orth,  Emanuel 

Ortis.  Beniamino 

Osborne,  Lawrence .  .  . 

Oscar,  John 

Oselins,  Hjalmar  J.    .  . 

Osttum,  Conrad 

Otto,  Frank 

(Iwiii,  (iuy 

<  Iwciis.  Joseph 

Ottcns,  \Vm.  E 

Pace,  Donato 

Pacific,  Peter 

Paddock,  Allen  W. .  .  . 

PalV,  Herman  L 

Page,  John 

Palermo,  Joseph 

Palmier,  Charles  F, .  .  . 

Palsted,  Axel  T 

Paluma,  Paul 

Pannozzo,  Jerry 

Papa,  Pasquale 

Pappalardi,  Salvatore . 
Parham,  Albert  W. .  .  . 

Pariser,  Harry 

Park,  Charlie  S 

I'armenter,  Wallace  A 

Pasha,  Joseph  R 

Patterson,  James  P.  . 
Patterson,  Robert  H.. 
Pattison,  Cyrus  E 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Bugler 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt..  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Wag 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

2d  Lt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

l>vt 

Corpl 


Co.  K,  306Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  30.i  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf,... 
Co.  D.  302  Amm.Train 

Co.  C.  307  Inf 

San.  Det..  307  Inf 

Co.  D.  305  M.  (;.  Bn. 

Co.  A,  304  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Btry.  C,  304  F.  A 

Co.  I.  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  A.  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs 

Co.  A.  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Btry.  E,  304  F.  A 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf.... 

Co.,  302  Engrs 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  K.  308  Inf 

Co.  E.  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf 

Co.  A.  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

San.  Det..  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  L.  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  A.  308  Inf 

Co.  B.  302  Engrs 

Co.  M.  308  Inf 

Co.  C.  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 


Boston,  Mass 

New  York  City .... 

New  York  City 

Worcester,  Mass 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn.  N.Y 

Lockport.  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Aneta,  N.  D 

Indian  Yalley,  Idaho 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Williams,  Minn 

Logan,  LItah 

Lake  \\  ilson,  Minn. . 

Clyde,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 
Great  Falls,  Mont. . . 

Hanunond,  Ind 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Loveland,  Colo 

Emmons,  Minn 

Alfred  Station,  N,  Y. 
New  York  City .... 

Amityville,  N.  Y 

Scotland,  S.  D 

Spokane,  Wash 

New  York  City 

Casselton,  N.  D 

Dunnxell.  Minn 

Kenyon,  Minn 

BrooUyn,  N,  Y 

Cooksburg,  N.  Y.... 

New  York  City 

Baker,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Utica,  N.  Y 

Mildred,  Mont 

Henderson,  Ky 

Amsterdam,  N.  Y. . . , 

Fairport,  N.  Y 

Stapleton,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Flushing,  N.  Y 

MUbrook,  N.  Y 

Milbrook,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Gainesville.  Ga 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

So.  Superior,  Wyo.. . 

Marlboro,  Mass 

Long  Beach,  Calif. . . 

New  York  City 

Jordan,  Minn 

Palchogue,  N.Y 


10  '  1/18 

9/27/18 

11/  9/18 

10/10  10 

9/29  18 

9     8  18 

10  14  18 

9  26/18 

6/24  18 

9;   5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  6/18 

10/13  18 

9/  6/18 

9/14,  18 

12/19/18 

10/  6/18 

11/  5/18 

8/24/18 

10/12/18 

10/  1,18 

11/11,  18 

11,    5/18 

9/27/18 

9/  9,  18 

10/15/18 

8  22/18 

9  16/18 
10,  16  18 
11/  5,  18 

10,  7/18 
10/  4/18 
10/12  18 

8, '23.  18 

9/28,18 

9/26/18 

8/29/18 

10/  3/18 

9/'29/18 

9/27,18 

10/13  18 

10     3,18 

9/  9.  18 

9/  9/18 

10/  2/18 

10/13,18 

11,  5/18 
9,29/18 
6,'  3,  18 

10/  6,18 
10/  7,18 
10/12/18 
9/27/18 
8/12,  18 
10/11/18 
9/  6,  18 
10,  12,18 
10     2/18 


W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
D. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
V,'. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


126 


Name 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
D. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A 
A. 
A. 
VV. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
\V. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
\. 
A. 
A. 
A((i. 
A. 
A. 
\V. 
A. 
\. 
\. 
W. 
\. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
D. 


Pattison,  Ranson  S. . . 

Pavia,  August 

Payne,  Albert  C 

Pealiody.  Marshall  G. 
Pcdcrson,  Julius  M... 

Peiller.  Walter  E 

Pelkey,  Joseph 

Pempsell,  Joseph  J..  .  . 

Pennachio.  Mark 

Peppard,  Paul  L 

Peroni,  John 

Perry,  Eniil 

Perry,  Manuel  W 

Person,  Lloyd  B 

Pessalno,  Michael.  .  .  . 
Pclcrson,  Albert  C. .  .  . 
PctiTson,  Fritz  E. .  .  .  . 

Peterson,  Holzer 

Peterson,  Ernest  W. .  . 
Peterson,  Reuben  M. . 

Peterson,  \\  m.  L 

Pettineo,  Martineo. . . . 

Pfahl,  George  R 

Pfeiffer,  John 

Phanco,  Harry  L 

Phelps,  Harry  L 

Phelps,  Lloyd  B 

Philys,  Joseph 

Pierson,  Owen  C 

Pisano,  Carmello 

Piscitelli,  Alfonse 

Place,  Otho  D 

Plakakis,  John 

Pocaro,  Peter 

Point,  George  E 

Porter,  Robert  I 

Poulides,  Nicholas  T . . 

Powell,  George  G 

Powis,  Harry 

Praftes,  Nicholas 

Pratt,  Henry  E 

Prentice,  Russell  L. . . . 

Preputin,  Mike 

Purificato.  Benjamin. . 

Pyritz,  John  M 

Quarnstorm,  Ray  T.  . . 

Quirk,  August  J 

Quist,  Lawrence 

Raab,  Leon  E 

Babbitt,  Michael  J    ... 

Rabcr,  Wni 

Rabinowitz,  Harry. . . . 
Rabinowitz,  Wni.  A. . . 
Badloir,  Edward  C... 

Ragovin,  Harry 

Rainwater.  James  B.. . 
Raker,  Emanuel  J  .  .  . 
Ramberg,  Henry 


2d  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2d  Ll 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2d  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Mech 

Pvt 

Bugler 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Sgt    

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Isl  CI 

Pvt 


Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  C.  30.'5  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  F.  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf. 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  30.5  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Btry.  D,  .304  F.  A 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co..  306  Inf.  . 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf..    . 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs  Co..  306  Inf..  . 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  304  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Btry.  C,  .304  F.  A 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . . 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A. 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn. . 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  M.  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  D.  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  .305  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  L.  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  308  Inf.  . 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  G.  306  Inf 


Hoquiam,  Wash 

Utica,  N.  Y 

Shouns,  Tenn 

New  York  City 

New  Brighton,  N.  Y. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Newburyport,  Mass.. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Chenmng,  N.  G 

Prato,  Italy 

Terry,  Mont 

Lowell,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  address 

Stacy,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Chisago  City,  Minn.. 

Flushing.  N.  Y 

Arco.  Idaho 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Big  Arm,  Mont 

Hysham,  Mont 

Windsor,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Bremen,  Ind 

New  York  Cit  y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Gleiidale,  N.  Y 

Troy,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Manchester,  N.  Y    . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Loura,  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

(iardner.  Ore 

Strandquist.  Minn. 

Tuckahoe,  N.  Y 

Three  Forks,  Mont.  . 

New  York  City 

Salem,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Mt.  Vernon.  N.  Y      . 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Mt.  Morrison,  Colo.  . 

.New  York  City 

Grafton,  N.  D 


9/26/18 

9/  7/18 

9/  7/18 

10/  8/18 

9  29  18 

10/13/18 

9/14/18 

9/27/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  5/18 

5/24/18 

10/  1/18 

11/  1/18 

6/11/18 

9/10/18 

10/16/18 

10/18  18 

10/  8/18 

10/16/18 

8/27/18 

10/  8  18 

8/18/18 

6/24/18 

9/  5/18 

10/11/18 

10/  6/18 

11/  3/18 

10/  4/18 

9/  7/18 

10/13/18 

9/26/18 

11/  1/18 

11/  9/18 

8/27/18 

8/20/18 

10  3/18 

10/14/18 

8/28/18 

8/23/18 

10/  4/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/  5/18 

6/  3/18 

10/13/18 

10  1/18 

10/15/18 

10/15/18 

9/  6/18 

10/12/18 

9/  9/18 

8/15/18 

10/13/18 

10/  9/18 

10/24/18 

10/12/18 

8/15/18 

11/18/18 


127] 


N.«IE 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

D. 

W. 

W. 

A. 
W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 
W. 

A. 
W. 

A. 

A. 

D. 

A. 

A. 
W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

W. 

A. 

A. 


Rnndazzo,  Anthony 

Hapoport,  Philip 

Rasmussen,  Einar  O .  . . . 

Rauch,  Peter 

Ray,  Thomas  J 

Raygor,  Ernest  E 

Rayson,  Homer 

Reaney,  Thomas  J 

Rearden,  John 

Reaves,  William 

Reihlin,  John  J 

Redlield,  Frank  H 

Regan,  Michael 

Rohmann,  Albert 

Reid,  Lauren  G 

Reid,  Samuel  J.,  Jr 

Reilly,  Thomas  P 

Remp,  Frank 

Reusse,  George  M 

Reynolds,  John  A 

Reynolds,  John 

Reynolds,  WilUam  L. . .  . 

Rhynard,  John  R 

Rice,  Floyd  D 

Rich,  Wilson,  Jr 

Richards,  Louis 

Richardson,  John 

Riesz,  Edward  N.,  Jr.  .  . 

Riker,  Walter  T 

Riley,  Joseph 

Risse,  Michael  R 

Rissi,  Bernard 

Rissuto,  PhiUp 

Ritch,  Wilson  J 

Ritter,  Frank 

Pobare,  Albert  J 

Hcilibins,  Edward 

Robbins,  Harry  B 

Robinson,  Austin  T 

Robinson,  Harley  G 

Robinson,  James 

Roch,  Herbert  E 

Rochester,  Nathaniel  N . 

Roddewig,  John 

Rodgers,  William 

Rogan,  Joseph 

Rogers,  Harry 

Rogers.  Robert 

Hcinutnchuk,  Stephen    .  . 
Romano,  Lawrence  F    .  . 

Romano,  Orazio 

Rook,  William  L 

Rosalia,  Charles 

liiisemblum,  Irving 

Rosenberg,  Alexander.  .  . 

Rosenberg,  Sam 

Rosenberg,  Sidney 

Rosenvold,  Anders 


Mech 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Mech 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

2dLt 

Sgt 


Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 


M.  G.  Co.,  308  Inf .  .  , 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf. . . 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Btry.  A,  306  F.  A.... 
Btry.  E,  306  F.  A.... 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf. 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf. 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Btry.  F,  304  F.  A. . . . 
Co.  C,  302Engrs.... 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Btry.  E,  305  F.  A .  .  . 
San.  Det.,  307  Inf.  .  . 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Dagman,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Blue  Mountain,  Miss. . . 

Sumatra,  INIont 

Pittsford,   N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Huron,  S.  D 

New  York  City 

Anchor,  Ore 

New  York  City 

West  St.  Paul,  Minn... 

Virginia  City,  Nev 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

North  Attleboro,  Mass . 

Chafee,  N.Y 

No  address 

New  York  City 

Butte,  Mont 

New  York  City 

Jamaica,  N.  Y 

Queens,  N.  Y 

Rochester,  Wash 

Los  Angeles,  Calif 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Chazy,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Salem,  N.Y 

Beacon,  N.Y 

Missoula,  Mont 

Newfarre,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Santa  Ana,  Calif 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

West  Falls,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  address 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Huntington,  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Coalinga,  Calif 

No  address 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Baltimore,  Md 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 


10/16/18 

9/  5,  18 

11/20/18 

8/23/18 

9/  1/18 

10/  8/18 

10/19/18 

8/15/18 

10/14/18 

10/  1/18 

9/14/18 

10/  7/18 

9/14/18 

10/13/18 

10/  8/18 

8/22/18 

8/26/18 

9/14/18 

8/22/18 

10/18/18 

10/  3/18 

9/  7/18 

9/15/18 

10/  9/18 

9/  6/18 

8/20/18 

10/  2/18 

9/  7/18 

10/  5/18 

9/10/18 

10/20/18 

10/  8/18 

8/17/18 

9/  6/18 

9/15/18 

9/14/18 

8/25/18 

5/  7/18 

9/  2/18 

10/12/18 

10/  7/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  8/18 

10/12/18 

11/  7/18 

9/27/18 

10/  9/18 

8/29/18 

8/27/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

10/11/18 

8/28,  18 

10/  8/18 

1/  3/19 

10/12/18 

8/22/18 

11/  7/18 


I  12ii  ] 


Name 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Ross,  Anthony 

Ross,  Albert  A 

Rossi,  John  L 

Rossman,  Herman 

Rotgard,  Isidore 

Roth,  Benjamin  W .  .  .  . 

Roth,  Monroe 

Rothenberg,  George 

Rothenstein,  Moses. . .  . 

Rowan,  Charles  R 

Rowley,  George  H 

Rubenstein,  Edward .  .  . 

Rubino,  Walter  J 

Rudolph,  Aloysius 

Rurage,  Walter  E 

Rumsey,  Wilbert  T. . . . 
Runwater,  James  B . . .  . 

Ruoff,  Edwin  N 

Ruoff,  John 

Ruppe,  John 

Russell,  George  F 

Russell,  Sterhng 

Russo,  Salvatore 

Rust,  Louis 

Rust,  Sydney  R 

Ryan,  John  F 

Ryan,  Lewis 

Ryan,  Thomas  C 

Ryan,  Thomas  F 

Ryan,  William  N 

Rye,  Robert  J 

Rygg,  Mike 

Sabin,  Gerard  H 

Salmi,  Albert 

Samgston,  Joseph  J . . . . 

Sanders,  Earl  J 

Sands,  Julius 

Santillo,  Anthony  T . . . . 
Sargent,  William  R .  .  .  . 

Saxe,  Jeremiah  J 

Scally ,  Peter  A 

SchaefFer,  Jacob  J 

Schafman,  Walter  W. . . 
Schanbaum,  Samuel . . . . 

Scharmer,  Harry 

Schenck,  Gordon  L .  . . . 

Schierhorst,  Conrad 

Schindler,  Adolph  C,  Jr 
Schindler,  Joseph  E. .  .  . 

Schindler,  Jess  A 

Schloen,  George 

Schmelter,  Otto 

Schmidhn,  Charles 

Schmidt,  Jacob  D 

Schmitt,  Edward  F 

Schmitt,  Fred  F 

Schneider,  Benjamin.  .  . 
Schneider,  Harry  L 


Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

P\'t.,  1st  CI 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 


Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Btry.  D,  305F.  A... 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs. .  . . 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 
Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs. .  . . 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.,  C  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  I.  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  I.  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co..  305  Inf. 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  1,307  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf. . . 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 


BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Big  Stone  City,  S.  D . . . . 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Cohoes,  N.  Y 

Hilton,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

North  Tonawanda,  N.  Y 
Square  Butte,  Mont .... 

No  address 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Woodhaven,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

St.  George,  Utah 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Bridge  water,  N.  C 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Cody,  Wyo 

New  York  City 

Troy,  N.Y 

Hazel  Run,  Miim 

Malta,  Mont 

Allentown,  N.  Y 

Kerry.  Ore 

Everett,  Wash 

Amherst,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Jersey  City,  N.  J 

Sioux  Falls,  Mont 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Westbury,  N.  Y 

Naples,  N.Y 

Tampico,  Mont 

No  address 

Arlington,  Minn 

Brooklyn.  N.Y 

Sea  Cliff,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Irvington,  Ky 

Hathaway,  Mont 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Eastport,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Richey,  Mont 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Valley  Stream,  N.  Y. .  .  . 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 


10/  3/18 

10/  5/18 

9/29/18 

8/21/18 

8/27/18 

9/  5/18 

9/  7/18 

6/24/18 

8/28/18 

6/  3/18 

10/  1/18 

9/  4/18 

8/21/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  2/18 

10/12/18 

10/  6/18 

6/  3/18 

8/14/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  5/18 

11/  7/18 

10/  4/18 

8/29/18 

11/  3/18 

10/  9/18 

10/  7/18 

9/29/18 

9/  7/18 

9/28/18 

10/12/18 

10/15/18 

10/13/18 

11/10/18 

10/13/18 

9/27/18 

6/24/18 

10/  9/18 

10/15/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  1/18 

8/25/18 

10/  1/18 

6/24/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  8/18 

10/16/18 

9/28/18 

10/  5/18 

9/26/18 

8/31/18 

9/  8/18 

9/  5/18 

10/11/18 

10/15/18 

10/  9/18 

11/10/18 

6/24/18 


A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


J  29 


Name 


Rank 


Organization 


'^Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Schoening,  Henry  C 

Schoonover,  Charles  A. . . 
Schraok,  William  A.  ..  .  . 

Schrerk,  Jack 

Schreiber,  Ludwig  T. . . . 

Schroeder,  Hans  C 

Sohue^sler.  August  J .  .  .  , 

Schumni.  Karl  H 

Schurr,  Ralph 

Schuster,  Harry  G 

Schuster.  William  E. . .  . 
Schwab,  Frederick  G. .  . 

Schwenke,  Fred  E 

Scott,  Francis  A 

Scott,  Gavin  W 

Scott,  William  J 

Scott,  Winfield  I.,  Jr. .  . 

Seagriff,  James  H 

Seaman,  Bergen  R 

Seamolla,  Lawrence. . .  . 

Searles,  Wallace  E 

Seeger,  Philip  J 

Seely,  Chester  J 

Segnit,  John  .\ 

Sehr,  William 

Seidowitz,  Samuel 

Seifts,  Oscar  J 

Seikora,  Robert  J 

Self,  Francis  E 

Sellers,  Ellmer  O 

Seminowitz.  Abraham. . 

Semling.  Ole.  Jr 

Semro,  Arthur  W 

Serra,  Peter  J 

Sexton,  James  J 

Shaevitz,  Abe 

Shafaruk,  Alexander .  .  . 
Shanahan.  Michael .... 

Shapiro,  Abraham 

Shaw,  John  S 

Shea,  James  E 

Shea,  Patrick 

Shearman.  Reimer 

SheehaH,  Daniel  M 

Sheehan,  John  E 

Sheehan.  John 

Shefrln,  \Mlliani 

Sherer,  Ray  E 

Sheridan,  Richard  B. . . . 
Sherman.  Perretz  S. .  .  . 

Shesky,  John  F 

Shillington,  Harry  L. . . . 

Sica,  Rocco 

SidoroNich,  Nicholas  P . 
Sidenberg,  William .  .  .  . 
Sievers,  William.  Jr.  .  .  . 

Silber,  Martin  W 

Silverstein,  .Max 


Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Sgt 

P\t 

Pvt 

Sgt 

p%t 

Corpl 

Capt 

Pvt 

P^-t 

P>-t 

Pvt 

P%'t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

PN't.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

PNt 

P\n.,  1st  CI. 

P\t 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

1st  Lt 

PM 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt...; 

1st  Lt 

P\t.,  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

P\'t.,  1st  CI. 

Corpl 

P^t 

Cook 

P%t 

1st  Ll 

Pm 

P\t 

P\t 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
PN-t.,  1st  CI. 

P\t 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  G.  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

San.  Det.,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  A.  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  D.  307  Inf 

Sup.  Co..  307  Inf 

Co.  G.  306  M.  G.  Bn. . . 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  302  Engrs 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  F.  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  F.  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  305  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  L.  305  Inf 

Med.  Det.,  308  Inf...  . 
Field  &  Staff,  305  Inf. . 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf...  . 
M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf..  . 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf.  . 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

M.  G.  Co..  306  Inf. 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf. 

Co.  I.  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  302  Elngrs 

M.  G.  Co.,  305  Inf.... 
Hdqtrs.  Co..  305  F.  A. 
Co.  M,  305  Inf 


Fergus  Falls.  Minn. .  . 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Tappay.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Buffalo.  N.  Y 

Buffalo.  NY 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Portsmouth,  N.  H. .  . 

New  York  City 

Glenmont,  N.  Y 

Swain,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Wantagh.  N.Y 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Swain,  N.Y 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Portland,  Ore 

Peekskill,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Poughkeepsie.  N.  Y. . 

Clements,  Minn 

Portland,  Ore 

Hartville,  Mo 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

McViUe.  N.  D 

Wilson  Creek,  Wash. 

Brooklyn.  N.Y 

Kansas  City,  Mo. .  .  . 

Quincy.  Mass 

Union  City,  Conn.. . . 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Holyoke.  Mass 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N .  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Fayette.  Idaho 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Bridgewater.  Conn. .  . 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Bayonne,  N.  J 

New  York  Citv 


11  8  18 
10,  13/18 
Q/  8/18 
10/13/18 
10/12  18 
9/  5  18 
9/27/18 
8/30/18 
9/14/18 

9  23/18 
8/26/18 
6/  3/18 

11/  7/18 

9/11/18 

9/14/18 

11/  5/18 

9/14/18 

9/  2/18 

9/27/18 

9/  9/18 

8/22/18 

10/11/18 

11/20,18 

10  15  18 

8  19  18 

8/14/18 

11/17/18 

9/27/18 

10/15/18 

10/21/18 

9/29  18 

10  13  18 

10/  2/18 

8/19/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  6/18 

9/12/18 

10/  3/18 

9/29/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

11/  5/18 

10  3/18 
8  28  18 
9/28,18 
8/  6/18 
9/  5/18 

10/  1  18 
8  23  18 
8/15/18 
9/  3/18 
9/  8/18 
10,  ■  8/18 
10/20/'18 
9/  7/18 
9/  8/18 
8,  16/18 

11  10,  18 


W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A 
A. 
A. 
W. 
Ac.l. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
\ 
\. 
A 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A 
A. 


130 


Name 


Organization 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 

A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
\V. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
VV. 
A. 

Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A, 
W. 
A. 
\. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W  . 
W 
A. 
A. 


Simonds,  Meirill  L 

Sittner,  Edward 

Silvertsen.  In^wald  J 

Skogen,  Edwin  B 

Skratt,  Joseph  A 

Slatopolsky.  Jack 

Smith.  Basil  \V 

Smith,  Charli's  J 

Smith,  Edwin   

Smith,  Edward  B 

Smith,  Errol 

Smith,  Frank  R 

Smith,  Frederick 

Smith,  George  A 

Smith,  George  E 

Smith,  George  W 

Smith,  George  W 

Smith,  Leo  S 

Socenski,  Steven 

Solberg,  Reinert 

Sonnenberg,  Carl  J 

Sonnick,  Frank  J 

Sorbye,  Oscar  L 

Sorenson,  Sidney  A 

Southworth,  Christopher 

Spacjer,  John 

Spahn,  Frederick 

Spaitch,  Joseph  N 

Specht,  Walter 

Spettstoszer,  Ferdinand  A 

Spozzatta,  Angelo 

Staats,  Frederick 

Staff,  Harry 

Stall,  William  H 

Stanyzewski,  Anton  B..  . 

Standerman,  Charles 

Staubitz,  Philip 

St.^Cartier,  l^ucien  F 

Steck,  Fred  B 

Steidle,  John 

Stein,  George  E 

Stein,  Israel 

Steinberg,  Mandel 

Steinberg,  Sanmel 

Steneck,  Henry  W.,  Jr. . . . 

Steiner,  Albert  C 

Steinfield,  Charles  H 

Slenchevee,  William 

Slender,  John  H 

Stengel,  Alfred 

Stephanson,  Colin  J 

Stetzer,  Samuel 

Stevens,  John 

Stewart,  Robert  A 

Stillinger,  Roland 

Stitch,  Henry  J 

Stockham,  John  L 

Stokes,  George  J 


Pvl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2dLt 

Pvt 

C.orpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt..  1st  CI 

Pvt 

C.orpl 

Lieiit.-Col. 

Pvt 

Pvt..  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvl 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvl 

Pvt.,  Isl  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Sgt 


Co.  L,  30.'-,  Inf 

Co.  K,  :{()6  Inf 

Co.  M,:}O.S  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  301  M.  (;.  Bn.. 

Co.  A,  ,30,';  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  306  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf.... 

308  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf   . 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  30.5  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

San.  Del.,  .305  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  .305  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  .305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  D.,  302  Anmi.  Tr 

Co.  E.  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  .508  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,307  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  Inf.  . 
Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn.. 
Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  Inf.  . 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  K,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  302Engrs 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn.  . 

Btry.  E,  304  F.  A 

Co.  M,  306  Inf  

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf :  .  . 


Thorndyke.  Mass..  .  . 

New  York  City 

Seattle.  Wash 

Fro.st.  Minn. 

New  York  ("ily 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Pine  Hill.  N.  Y 

Baldwin.  N.  Y 

Timber,  Ore 

Watertown,  N.  Y 

Weiser,  Idaho 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Washington.  D.  C. .  . 

Victor.  Idaho 

New  York  City 

Macedon,  N.  Y 

Palmyra.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Jamestown.  N.  Y 

Terry,  Mont 

Rochester,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Miles  City,  Mont 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 
New  Bedford,  Mass. . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Woodhaven,  N.  Y.... 
South  Boston,  Mass.. 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Waconia.  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Rosebank,  ,N.  Y 

New  Y  ork  City 

New  York  City 

No  address 

New  York  City 

Pearl  River,  N.  Y 

Wallingford.  Conn. .  . 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Syracuse.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Dululh.  Minn 

Seattle,  Wash 

Maspeth.  N.  Y 

Sabin,  Minn 

College  Point,  N.  Y.. 

New  York  City 

New  York  Cit  y 

Hamden,  Conn 

New  York  City 

East  Aurora.  N.  Y. . 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Lewiston.  HI 

New  York  City 


9/11/18 
9/27/18 
11/  1/18 
10/12/18 

8/22/18 
'),'  4/18 
10/15/18 
9/  7/18 
10/12/18 
10/  3/18 
10/  4/18 
8/27/18 
9/28/18 
10/  5/18 
9/  5/18 
10/  5/18 
10/  5/18 
11/23/18 
11/10/18 
10/13/18 
10/13/18 
10/16/18 
10/12/18 
10/15/18 
11/  4/18 
10/  4/18 
9/  7/18 
11/  1/18 
9/  9/18 
10/  1/18 
9/14/18 
9/,30/18 
10/  5/18 
9/  9/18 
8/16/18 
9/27/18 
9/14/18 
10/  6/18 
11/  7/18 
9/15/18 
8/30/18 
8/27/18 
9/29/18 
8/22/18 
10/15/18 
11/  4/18 
10/  3/18 
8/16/18 
10/  6/18 
6/24/18 
10/  1/18 
11/  5/18 
11/  9/18 
9/30/18 
9/  9/18 
11/  4/18 
10/12/18 
10/15/18 


131 


N.VME 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
D. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 


Stone,  Folsom  R 

Straus,  Joseph 

Straus,  Nelson 

Strauss,  Julius 

Strong,  Ellsworth  O..  .  . 

Stuart,  Ned 

Studlien,  Eugene  N. .  .  . 

Stuessy,  Andrew 

Subke,  Harry  C 

Sullivan,  Francis  D. .  .  . 

Sullivan,  James  C 

Sullivan,  John 

Sullivan,  John 

Sullivan,  John  J 

Sullivan,  Nile  A 

Sullivan,  Patrick  J 

Sulli\  an,  Patrick  J 

Siiiitzcnich,  Charles. . .  . 

Sutherland,  James 

Sutphen,  William  E. .  .  . 
Swackharamer,  George. 

Swank,  Clarence  E 

Swanson,  Olaf  W 

Sweeney,  John  L 

Sweeney,  Wilham  J. .  .  . 

Swenson,  Oscar  A 

Swezey,  Lewis  H 

Swinnerton,  George  A. . 

Swirsky,  Isidore 

Szablinski,  VVladslaw. . . 

Szfranski,  Adam  J 

Szreder,  Zygmunt 

Talbot,  Win.  R 

Tallon,  Daniel  B 

Talmas,  Jacob 

Tangney,  Patrick 

Tanney,  Albin 

Tappen,  James  J 

Tauby,  Charles,  Jr 

Taylor,  Henry  T 

Tegler,  Fred  G 

Teofolo,  Matteo 

Terino,  A 

Terpilowsky,  Bruno. . . . 
Thanhauser,  Seymour  A 

Thomas,  Harold  H 

Thomas,  Win.  L 

Thompson,  Donald  A.  . 
Thompson,  Douglass.  .  . 

Thompson,  Jack 

Thompson,  John  J 

Thompson,  Richard  W. 
Throndsen,  Signad  E. . . 

Thurber,  Lynn  A 

Tillany,  Frank  L 

TiUotoon,  Walter  H. .  .  . 

Tisdale,  Arthur  J 

Tisnower,  Isaac 


Mech 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

2d  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 
Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Cook 

Pvt 

P\-t 

Pvt.,  Isl  CI 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 


Co.  F,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Btry.  A,  305  F.  A... 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.E,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 
Hdqlrs.  Co.,  308  Inf. 

Co.  M.,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  M,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.E,  308  Inf: 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

San.  Det.,307  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  306M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  I,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  1,307  Inf 

Co.  M,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  F.  A 
M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf.... 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 


New  Rochelle,  N.  Y... 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Rockaway  Park,  N.  Y 

No  address 

Hailey,  Idaho 

Moorehead,  Minn 

Helena,  Mont 

Buffalo,  NY 

New  Paltz,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

San  Francisco,  Calif.  . 
Hanmiondsport,  N.  Y. 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Chicago,  111 

Valvis,  N.  Y 

Flanders,  N.J 

Seattle,  Wash 

OakviUe,  Conn 

Brockton,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Absarokee,  Mont 

Say\ille,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Buifalo,  N.  Y 

White  Plains,  N.  Y.... 

Naugatuck,  Conn 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Menhaga,  Minn 

Stapleton,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

HomeU,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Waterbury,  Conn 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Youngstown,  Ohio . . . . 

Yonkers,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Big  Timber,  Mont. .  .  . 

New  York  City 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Springville,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Hopedale,  Mass 

Jerome,  Ariz 

Southampton,  N.Y... 


10/  6/18 

10/  5/18 

8/15/18 

8/17/18 

8/25/18 

10/  9/18 

10/  4/18 

10/  2/18 

9/  3/18 

10/14/18 

10/24/18 

9/16/18 

6/24/18 

9/29/18 

9/  2/18 

10/  1/18 

6/24/18 

8/14/18 

10/  3/18 

8/31/18 

9/14/18 

10/  1/18 

10/  8/18 

10/14/18 

10/16/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  5/18 

8/15/18 

6/24/18 

11/  5/18 

10/29/18 

9/29/18 

10/18/18 

10/  8/18 

9/  9/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  4/18 

9/29/18 

10/15/18 

9/  9/18 

8/22/18 

9/  5/18 

9/30/18 

9/  9/18 

10/15/18 

10/  5/18 

10/16/18 

8/28/18 

5/21/18 

10/  4/18 

8/24/18 

9/16/18 

8/20/18 

9/27/18 

8/28/18 

8/27/18 

9/27/18 

9/14/18 


1:52 


Name 


Rank 


Organizahon 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Tobin,  Richard 

Tomaselli,  Michael .  .  .  . 

Tomlins,  James  J 

Torregrossa,  Joseph  L. . 

Torssiello,  Frank 

Torrisio,  Vincent 

Traino,  Sebastino 

Traub,    Samuel 

Traurig,  Hyman 

Travers,  Bryan 

Travers,  John  H 

Trekan,  Anton 

Treniblay,  Joseph  A .  .  . 

Tritt,  Herchie  J 

Troina,  Guiseppe 

Tuckerman,  Eniil 

Tudor,  Leonard  J 

Tumm,  Charles  G 

Turner,  Charles  E 

Tymon,  James 

Ulness,  Oscar  E 

Umina,  Gaetano 

Umstod,  Lester 

Van  de  Mark,  Fred  W. 
Vanderzanden,  John  M 
Van  Hoesen,  Glenn  D. . 

Vannini,  Antonio 

Van  Patten,  Archie .  . .  . 
Van  Valkenburg,  Roy . 

Van  Vleet,  Albert 

Veale,  Hugh  F 

Vedilago,  Joseph  L 

Vento,  Andrew 

Vill,  Joseph  A.  E 

Vinson,  Roland 

Virkler,  Abel  .S 

Vitah,  Clemen  ti 

Vogel,  Charles  A 

Voltz,  Fred 

Wade,  Homer  S 

Wagner,  John  H 

Waiser,  Jacob 

Walasek,  John 

Walczak,  Frank  W 

Walders,  William  G. .  .  . 

Waldman,  Louis 

Walker,  Edgar 

Walker,  Samuel 

Walsh,  Christopher  T. . 

Walsh,  Edward 

Walsh,  Edward  F 

Walsh,  John 

Walsh,  John  A 

Walters,  Valentine  R. .  . 

Wangsnes,  Perry 

Wanner,  Kennedy  S. . . . 
Waid,  Raymond  M. .  .  . 
Ware,  Wm.  F 


Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Cook 

Sgt 

Sgt 

1st  Lt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

1st  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  30.5  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Co.  G.  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  C,  308  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Btry.  B,  306  F.  A.... 
Co.  C,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  M.,  307  Inf 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Med.  Det.,  308  Inf... 
Co.  B,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  A,  305  M.  G.  Bn. 
Btry.  D,  301  F.  A... 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs. .  .  . 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  L,  308  Inf. 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs..  .  . 
M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf... 

Btry.  C,  305  F.  A 

Co.  L,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  M.,  305  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Btry.  D,  306  F.  A... 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  F.  A 

Co.  L.,  306  Inf 

Co.  L.,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  L.,  305  Inf 

San.  Det.,  307  Inf... 
Supply  Co.,  306  Inf. . 

Co.  A.,  308  Inf 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  306  Inf 

Btry.  F,  304  F.  A...  . 

Co.  L,  305  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

Co.  M,  308  Inf 

Co.  F.,  305  Inf 


New  York  City 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Beacon,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Jersey  City,  N.J 

Worcester,  Mass 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Maiden,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Fall  River,  Mass 

No  address 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Big  Horn,  Mont 

Woodhaven,  N.  Y 

Coney  Island,  N.  Y. .  . 

Lslip,  N.  Y 

Saco,  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

EUersUe,  Md 

Waverly,  N.Y 

Forest  Grove,  Ore 

Cortland,  N.Y 

Gennazzano,  Italy . .  .  . 
Fayetteville,  N.  Y. .  .  . 
Kerhonkson,  N.  Y. .  . . 

Eureka,  Utah 

Santa  Ana,  Calif 

Jamaica,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  Brookland,  S.  C. . 

Croghan,  N.  Y 

Ozone  Park,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Butte,  Mont 

Montgomery,  N.  Y. .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Sloan,  N.  Y 

Oswego,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Moimtain  Home,  Ark 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Garreston,  S.  D 

Jamestown,  N.  D 

Medford,  Ore 

Springfield,  Ore 


10/  1/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  7/18 

10/12/18 

10/13/18 

9/16/18 

16/  9/18 

5/  7/18 

8/30/18 

10/  8/18 

10/10/18 

10/  3/18 

10/15/18 

8/19/18 

8/21/18 

6/  3/18 

10/10/18 

10/  8/18 

10/  3/18 

8/30/18 

10/14/18 

10/13/18 

8/18/18 

8/23/18 

10/10/18 

10/  3/18 

8/23/18 

8/20/18 

5/  7/18 

10/12/18 

10/  4/18 

9/27/18 

9/  7/18 

11/  5/18 

10/  1/18 

11/  2/18 

10/15/18 

9/  7/18 

9/26/18 

11/10/12 

9/  7/18 

9/  3/18 

8/27/18 

8/24/18 

9/  4/18 

9/  6/18 

11/  4/18 

9/29/18 

9/  5/18 

11/  7/18 

9/26/18 

9/  6/18 

10/16/18 

8/23/18 

10/15/18 

10/  5/18 

10/12/18 

10/  4/18 


A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

D. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

W. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 
Acd. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

W. 

A. 

A. 

W. 


133 


N.\ME 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
Acd. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
\V. 
W. 
Acd. 


Warpon,  Sanuiel 

Warner.  Floyd  C 

Warren.  Casiniir  M..  .  . 

Warren.  Nathan 

\\  aters.  Hunley 

Waters.  PhiUp  J 

Watkins.  Charles  E. .  .  . 

Watson.  Robert  E 

Watzka.  William  P 

\\  a\ man.  George  A. .  .  . 

W  eber.  Harry  R 

W  eher.  Henry  W 

\\  eeber.  Frederick  J.. . . 

Weekly.  Ola.  W 

W  ei<lner.  Joseph  A 

Weil.  Milton 

Weinand,  Judson  L.       . 

\\  einer.  Isador 

\\  eir.  ,Iohn  S 

Welch,  Edwin 

\\  elih,  Jaiues  A 

WeUin.  Harry •. 

Wells.  Charles  W 

Wentworth.  Wm.  H. .  . . 
Werner,  .Vlexander  J. .  . 

\\  erner.  George 

Wesolski.  John  M 

West ,  Earle  T 

West,  Frank  C 

Weter,  Paul  H 

Wever,  Joseph  F 

W  halen.  Wni.  H 

Whetstone.  John  \\  .    .  . 

Whitaker.  Ira  B 

White,  .\lbert  F 

Whiting,  Charles  W 

\\  hitney,  Ira  L 

Whitted.  Robert  R 

Wick.  Peter  F 

Wiener,  Isidor 

Wieszczecinski,  Casiner 

Wilcox,  Frank  A 

Wilkes,  James  H 

W  ilkins,  John  J 

WieUdew-icz,  Frank  J..  .  . 

\\  illiams,  Je.sse  R 

Williams,  John  W 

W  illiams.  Robert  D 

W  illiams.  Tom  R 

Williamson.  Robert  C.    . 

Wilsim.  Wm.  M 

W  inehart.  Earl  T 

W  inkier.  Benton  W 

W  ithington.  Wm 

Wogatzke.  (Charles  W. .  . 

Wolaski.  Henry 

W  olf.  Joseph,  Jr 

W  olfe,  Lawrence 


Pvt... 
Pvt... 
Pvt... 
PM... 
Sgt.... 
Corpl. 
Pvt. .  . 
Sgt... 
Corpl. 
PM... 
Sgt.... 


Pvt..  1st  CI. 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt 

Prt 

Pvt 

Pvl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

2dLt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI. 

Pn 

Pvt 

Sgt 

P^-t 

P%t 

Px-t 

2d  Lt 

Pvt 

P^n 

Pvt 

Pvt 

P\t 

P\t 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pv^ 

P\l 

Pvt 

Vm 

Pm 

IM 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt. 

IM 

Pvt 


Co.  L..  ;?08  Irif 

Co.  A.  :5()6  M.  G.  Bn.. 
M.  G.  Co.,  307  Inf...  . 
Co.  B,  304  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  M.  307  Inf 

Co.  B,  305  Inf 

Co.  H,  307  Inf 

Co.  M,307  Inf 

Co.  I,  306  Inf 

Co.  M.  306  Inf 

Co.  F,  302  Engrs 

Co.  A.  305  Inf 

Btry.  E.  .305  F.  -\ 

San.  Det.,  306  Inf...    . 

Co.  D.  .306  Inf 

Co.  L.  308  Inf 

Co.  B.  305  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  307  Inf 

Co.  E.  302  Engrs 

Btry.  F.  306  F.  A 

Co.  .M,  308  Inf 

Co.  G,  308  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  307Inf.... 

Co.  C.  308  Inf 

Co.  H.  305  Inf 

(Unassigned)  305  Inf. . 

Co.  I,  305  Inf 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 

Co.  D,  302  Engrs 

M.  G.  Co..  305  Inf. . . . 

Btry.  B.  305  F.  A 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  306  Inf 

Hdg.  Co.,  308  Inf 

Co.  F,  308  Inf 

Co.  H.  305  Inf. 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  E,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  302  Engrs 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  L.  307  Inf 

Co.  A,  308  Inf 

Co.  B.  306  Inf 

Co.  B.  .308  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

M.  G.  Co..  305  Inf 

Co.  G.  307  Inf 

Co.  C.  305  M.  G.  Bn.. 

Co.  L.  307  Inf 

Co.  E.  305  Inf 

Co.  C.  307  Inf 

Co.  I.  306  Inf 

Co.  F.  306  Inf 

Co.  A.  306  Inf 

San.  Det..  307  Inf. 

306  Amb.  Co..  302  S.  T. 


Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Waterloo.  \.  Y 

Dunkirk.  \.  Y 

Brooklyn.  \.  Y 

Boston,  Ky 

New  Y'ork  City 

.Modesto,  Calif 

Amity"NTlle,  N.  Y' 

Kingston,  N.  Y 

Monticello.  N.  Y. .  .  . 

BrooUyn,  NY 

New  Y'ork  City 

New  York  City 

St.  Marys,  \V.  Va .  . . 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

New  Y'ork  City 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.. 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y' 

Lowell,  Mass 

New  Y  ork  City 

Lawrence,  Mass 

Homell,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

.\Ibany,  N.  Y 

Imperial,  Pa 

Wobum,  Mass 

Pepperell,  Mass 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Sayn^-ille,  N.  Y 

Y  onkers,  N.  Y' 

La  Mars.  Iowa 

Brigham  City,  L^tah .  . 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Avon,  Mass 

Wendling,  Ore 

-VUeghany.  Ore 

W  oodridge.  N.  J 

New  Y  ork  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y.! 

Norwich,  Conn 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Depew,  N.  Y 

M<x>rcroft.  W  yo 

Velva,  S.  D..! 

Stocktown,  Ga 

Bee  Branch,  Ark 

W  inston  Salem,  N.  C. 

Big  Sandy.  Mont 

Shoheniesh.  Wash 

Pleasant  Shade.  Tenn. 
Adams  Center,  N.  Y. . 

.\lbion,  N.  Y 

Buffalo.  N.  Y 

Brooklsn.  N.  Y 

Brooklvn.  -\.  Y 


10  15  18 
9,  13  18 
9/28/18 

11/  9/18 
9  16/18 
6/  3  18 

10/  2  18 

10/12/18 
8/14/18 

10/  5/18 
8/20/18 
9  8  18 
8  25  18 
8  27  18 
9/  6  18 

10/12  18 

10/  6  18 
9/  2  18 
8/27/18 

11/11/18 

11/  5/18 
8/23;18 
9/30/18 
9/  1  18 
6/24/18 

11/11/18 

10  13  18 
9/30/18 

11/  5/18 
9/  8/18 
8,23/18 

11/  1/18 

8  16  18 

11  5/18 
10/14/18 

9/10/18 
10  12  18 

9  26  18 
10  1,  18 

9/  2/18 

8/18/18 

10/13/18 

10/13/18 

8/23/18 

9/  5/18 

9/29/18 

10/16/18 

11,'  5/18 

10  30  18 

8/14/18 

10/  1/18 

10  7,18 


9/29/18 
8/12/18 
8,22,  18 
9/  5/18 
5/20/18 


134 


Rank 


Organization 


Address 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
^\. 
A. 
^\. 
\V. 
A. 
W. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
A. 
W. 


Wood,  Francis  E 

Wood,  Herbert  C. .  .  . 
Woodburn,  James  S. . 
Woodland,  \\  alton  W' 
Woody,  WaUace  M. 
Workman,  Wni.  J.  . 
Wrotzlasky,  Bennie.  . 
Wyczlinski,  Josepli  C. 

Yates,  Francis  J 

Vaniin,  Aaron 

Yeury,  Edgar,  Jr. .  .  . 

Yost,  Francis  M 

Zaccaro,  Josepli 

Zachzrewicz,  Ignacy . 

Zakas,  Anton 

Zapke,  W  in 

Zaslona,  Stanley  P. .  . 

Zeis,  Peter  A 

Zejeniis,  Kostantos .  . 

Zenian,  Louis 

Zerlintski,  Frank.  .  .  . 

Zillo,  Benjamin 

Zimmerman,  Louis .  . 
Ziszewski,  Antoni .... 
Zuckerman,  Louis .  .  . 

Zukasky,  Paul 

Zudlis,  George 

Zweigel,  Aaron 


Pvt 

Sgt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

2d  Lt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Corpl 

CorpI 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Corpl 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 


Co.  A,  ,307  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  K,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  307  Inf 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  30.5  Inf 

M.  G.  Co.,  306  Inf... 

Co.  B,  306  Inf 

Co.  G,  306  Inf 

Co.  M,  305  Inf 

Co.  C,  305  M.  G.  Bn 
Co.  D,  305M,  G.  Bn. 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  D,  ,308  Inf 

Co.  K,  308  Inf 

Co.  H,  305  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs. .  .  . 

Co.  H,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  305  Inf. 

Co.  A,  307  Inf 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

Co.  B,  307  Inf 

Co.  C,  306  Inf 

Co.  E,  305  Inf 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Newburgh,  N.  Y' 

W  iUard,  Utah 

Louisville,  Ky 

Newsdale,  Ida 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y" 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Needham,  Mass 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Cushman,  Ore 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Jamesport,  N.  Y' 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

Lawrence  ]\lass 

Richmond  HiU,N.Y.. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

W.  Hoboken,  N.  J 

No,  Tonawanda,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

No  address 

New  York  City 

Boston,  Mass 

New  Bedford,  Mass. . . 
New  York  City 


9/  2  18 

8,28,  18 

9/15,  18 

10/16/18 

9/10/18 

10/  5/18 

10/  3/18 

9/27/18 

10/15/18 

9/27/18 

8/27/18 

10/29/18 

9/  7/18 

8/19,  18 

10/  4,  18 

10/  6/18 

8/25/18 

10/  5/18 

9/  5/18 

10/  8/18 

10/25/18 

10/  3/18 

11/  5/18 

9/  8/18 

10/15/18 

9/14/18 

8/19/18 

10/  5/18 


KILLED— ADDRESSES  MISSING 


Name 


Rank 


Organization 


Date  of 
Death 


Key 


Ceiber,  George 

Fitzpatrick,  Richard .  . 

llarkowitz,  Louis 

Headman,  Edward  C 

Lindblom,  Henry 

Ix>mbargo,  Vincenzo.  . 
Melendy,  Raybern. . . . 
Pessalano,  Michael .  .  . 

Meyer,  Charles  A 

Rich,  Wilson,  Jr 

Rogers,  Harry 

Rosalia,  Charles 

Runwater,  James  B. .  . 
Schaubaum,  Samuel. . 
Stanyzewski,  Anton  B 
Strong,  Ellsworth  O. .  . 

Tritt,  Herchie  J 

Ziszewski,  Antoni 


Pvt. . . 
2dLt. 
Pvt. . . 
2dLt. 
Pvt... 
Pvt... 
2dLt. 
Pvt... 
2dLt. 
Corpl. 
2dLt. 
Pvt. . . 
Pvt. . . 
Pvt... 
Pvt... 
2d  Lt. 

Lt 

Pvt... 


Btry.  E,  304  F.  A 

Co.  L,  306  Inf 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 

Co.  E,  302  Engrs 

Btry.  E,  306  F.  A 

Co.  G,  305  Inf 

(Unassigned)  305  Inf. 
Btry.  D,  304  F.  A. . . . 

Co.  K,  308  Inf. 

Co.  D,  306  Inf 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Btry.  E,  305  F,  A.... 

Co.  D,  308  Inf 

Co.  C,  307  Inf 

Co.  D,  302  Amm.  Tr. 
Btry.  A,  305  F.  A.... 
Btry.  B,  306  F.  A... 
Co.  A,  307  Inf 


1713226. 
1707122. 


2157106. 
2314115. 


1684277. 
1721552. 


1699527 . 
3130488. 
1712627. 
20374 16 . 


9/  9/18 

10/15/18 

9/14/18 

9/  1/18 

10/22/18 

10/  5/18 

11/  1/18 

9/10/18 

10/  9/18 

9/  6/18 

10/  9/18 

8/28/18 

10/  6/18 

6/24/18 

8/16/18 

8,25/18 

8/19/18 

9/  8/18 


135 


Vital  Statistics  of  the  77th  Division 

TOTAL  CASUALTIES  OF  THE  77th  DIVISION 

Officers  Men 

KiUed  in  Action 69  1299 

Died  of  Wounds  Received  in  Action 10  188 

Severely  Wounded 69  1894 

Slightly  Woimded 82  2889 

Gassed 71  2297 

Missing 13  696 

Prisoners 3  31 


Total 317  9294 


Note:     Approximately  7500  sick,  evacuated  to  hospitals,  not  included  in  above  totals.     Total  casualties  approx- 
imately 17,000. 


KILLED 

Men  Officers 

305th  Infantry 355                        17 

306th  Infantry 240                        13 

307th  Infantry 385                          9 

308th  Infantry 390                        19 

304th  Machine  Gun  Battalion 4 

305th  Machine  Gun  Battalion 26                          3 

306th  Machine  Gun  Battalion 52                          7 

304th  Field  Artillery 26 

305th  Field  ArtiUery 17                          2 

306th  Field  ArtiUery 22                          2 

302d  Engineers 40                          2 

302d  Field  Signal  Battalion 4 

302d  Ammunition  Train 3 

302d  Sanitary  Train 5                          1 

Headquarters  Troop 2 

Total 1571                        75 

Note:     As  the  History  goes  to  press,  names  of  all  ollicers  and  men  who  died  from  wounds  in  S.  O.  S.  hospitals 
are  not  included.     They  were  dropped  from  the  Division  Rolls  wlien  evacuated  for  wounds. — EorroR. 


TOTAL  NUMBER  OF  PRISONERS  CAPTURED  BY  THE  77th  DIVISION 

Sector                                                               Officers  Men 

Baccarat 0  3 

Vesle 0  27 

Argonne 12  619 

Aire-Meuse 1  88 

13  737 

I  136  1 


Heavy 

Light 

Trench 

Machine 

Artillery 

Artillery 

Mortars 

Guns 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

25 

5 

36 

35 

155 

20 

16 

11 

97 

MATERIEL  CAPTURED  RY  THE  77th  DIVISION 

Sector  Rifles 

Baccarat 0 

Vesle 1000 

Argonne 3400 

Aire-Meuse 3200 

Total 7600  25  52  46  277 

TOTAL  DEPTH  OF  ADVANCE  IN  EACH  OFFENSIVE  ENGAGEMENT 
OF  THE  77th  DIVISION 
Sector  Depth  of  Advance 

Baccarat None 

Vesle 12  km. 

Argonne 22  km. 

Aire-Meuse 373^2  km. 

Total 713^  km. 

UNITS  IN  THE  GERMAN  ARMY  WHICH  OPPOSED  THE  77th 
DIVISION  IN  THE  SECTORS  NOTED 

Baccarat  Argonne  Meuse 

21st  Landwehr  2d  Landwehr  37th  Division 

96th  Division  76th  Reserves  31st  Division 

41st  Reserves  42d  Division 

Vesle  45th  Reserves  76th  Division 

17th  Division  15th  Bavarian  195th  Division 

29th  Division  242d  Division 

216th  Division  14th  Reserve  Division 

4th  Guard  Division  240th  Reserve  Division 

15th  Bavarian 

STRENGTH  OF  THE  DIVISION  DURING  ADVANCES 

VESLE  Officers  Men 

11th  August,  1918,  Arrival  in  Sector 958  25,553 

4th  September,  1918,  Vesle-Aisne  Advance 733  21,987 

16th  September,   1918,   At   Relief  (Including  27  new  ofTicers  received 

during  advance) 741  21,230 

ARGONNE 

26th  September,  At  Beginning  of  Attack  (Including  4000  replacements 

received  September  22,  1918) 752  24,957 

16th  October,  After  the  Argonne  Fight  (Including  approximately  240  new 

officers  received  from  time  to  time  during  advance) 903  21,613 

ARGONNE-MEUSE 
1st  November,  Beginning  of  Attack  (Including  2703  replacements  received 

October  16,  1918) 850  22,147 

13th  November,  After  Armistice 831  20,793 

[137  1 


SUCCESSIVE  LOCATIONS  OF  77th  DIVISION  HEADQUARTERS 

Location  Dates 

Camp  Upton,  N.  Y August  25,  1917,  to  March  27,  1918 

Cocove  Chateau April  15,  1918 

Eperlecques-Pas-de-Calais April  22  to  June  6.  1918 

Fauqiiembergues June  6  to  June  8.  1918 

Monohy  Cayean June  8  to  June  11.  1918 

Rambervillers June  16  to  June  21,  1918 

Baccarat June  21  to  August  4.  1918 

Bayon August  i  to  August  7.  1918 

Coulommiers August  8  to  August  10.  1918 

Chateau  Bruyeres August  10  to  August  12.  1918 

Mareuil-en-Dole August  12  to  August  13.  1918 

Fere  Anc-Chateau August  13  to  September  1.  1918 

Cave  N  of  Fme-cles-Filles September  J  to  September  16.  1918 

Coulonges September  16  to  September  18.  1918 

Givry-en-Argonne September  18  to  September  21.  1918 

Les  Vignettes September  21  to  September  25,  1918 

P.  C.  Pau.  .\xgonne  Forest September  25  to  October  2.  1918 

Champ  Mahaut   (German  Dugout  at  00.4-71.8  Forest 

d'Argonne.  Map  Forest  d'Argonne.  1   20.000 October  2  to  October  12,  1918 

Chatel  Chehery October  12  to  October  16.  1918 

Champ  Mahaut   (German  Dugout  at  00.1-71.8  Forest 

d'Ai-gonne.  Map  Forest  d'Argonne.  1  20.000 October  16  to  October  31.  1918 

Chehery October  31  to  November  1.  1918 

Cornay November  1  to  November  3.  1918 

^'erpel November  3  to  November  4.  1918 

St.  Pierremont November  5  to  November  7.  1918 

Raucourt November  7  to  November  12.  1918 

Yaux-en-DieuIet November  12  to  November  21.  1918 

Les  Vignettes November  21  to  November  30.  1918 

Chateauvillain November  30  to  Februarv  5.  1919 


138 


Chronological  History  of  77th  Division 


August  25,  1917 

The  77th  Division  was  organized  August  25,  1917,  at  Camp  Upton,  New  York.  The  majority 
of  officers  and  all  enlisted  men  were  from  New  York  State  and  practically  all  of  the  enlisted  men 
from  the  Metropolitan  District.  The  Division  is  named  the  "Liberty  Division"  and  its  shoulder 
insignia  is  a  Statue  of  Liberty  in  gold  on  a  blue  background. 


March  27,  1918 

This  Division  began  leaving  Camp  Upton  March  27,  1918,  for  service  overseas  and  assembled 
in  the  vicinity  of  Calais  for  training  with  the  British  forces,  except  the  152nd  Field  Artillery 
Brigade,  which  went  overseas  April  24th,  and  was  sent  to  Bordeaux  for  training  with  the 
French. 


May  6,  1918— June  6,  1918 

Training  commenced  about  May  6th  and  continued  under  British  instructors  until  June  6th, 
when  the  Division  began  a  three  days'  march  to  entraining  points  for  the  Baccarat  Sector.  The 
Artillery  Brigade  commenced  training  at  Camp  de  Souge  May  8lh,  and  joined  the  division  at 
Baccarat  July  12th. 


June  19,  1918— August  3,  1918— August  6,  1918 

This  Division  took  over  the  Baccarat  Sector  from  the  42d  Division  on  June  19th.  It  held 
this  quiet  sector  continuously  until  August  3d,  when  relieved  by  the  37th  Division,  and  marched 
overland  to  Charmes  and  entrained  there  August  6th  for  the  Chateau  Thierry  Sector. 


August  11-12,  1918— September  15-16,  1918— September  16-17,  1918 

The  77th  Division  relieved  the  4th  American  Division  on  the  night  of  August  llth-12th,  the 
153d  Brigade  taking  over  the  sector  occupied  by  the  4th  Division.  This  was  known  as  the  Vesle 
Sector  and  was  held  until  relieved  by  the  8th  Italian  Division  on  the  night  of  September  15th  •16th. 
During  the  occupation  of  this  sector  our  front  advanced  from  south  of  the  Vesle  River  to  the  line 
Vieil-Arcy-Villers-en-Prayers  La  Butte  de  Bourmont-Marais  Menard,  thence  through  the  hne 
207.7-291.3  to  207.2-291.5,  establishing  a  mixed  post  on  our  right  at  207.75-291.3.  On  the  night 
of  September  16th-17th,  the  Division  was  transported  by  bus  and  marching  to  the  southern  edge 
of  the  Forest  d'Argonne  near  Florent. 


September  26,  1918— October  15-16,  1918 

On  September  26th  this  Division  began  its  advance  through  the  Argonne  Forest,  which  advance 
ended  when  we  were  reheved  by  the  78th  Division  on  the  night  of  October  15th-16th. 

The  flnal  operation  in  this  advance  was  the  taking  of  Grand  Pre. 

Between  October  16th  and  November  1st  the  Division  was  deloused  and  some  training  was 
accomplished,  a  line  of  resistance  was  prepared  and  held. 

[139  1 


October  30,  1918 

A  partial  relief  of  the  82d  Division  was  accomplished  and  our  artillerj'  moved  into  position  on 
the  night  of  October  30th-31st. 


November  1,  1918— November  9,  1918— November  11,  1918 

On  November  1st  tliis  Division  began  the  operation  from  the  Aire  to  the  Meuse,  which  advance 
continued  untU  our  troops  reached  the  River  Meuse  on  November  6th,  where  positions  were  organ- 
ized. On  November  9th  tliis  Division  took  over  the  entire  Corps  front  and  held  it  until  the  armistice 
was  signed  on  November  11th. 


November  12,  1918— November  17,  1918 

On  November  12th  the  Division  was  relieved  by  the  French  and  moved  to  the  vicinity  of  St. 
Pierremont.  We  immediately  took  over  the  entire  front  held  by  the  2d  and  89th  Divisions,  until 
reUeved,  on  November  17th,  by  the  90th  Division. 


November  20,  1918— November  26,  1918— December  5,  1918— December  9,  1918 

The  Division  proceeded  by  marching  to  the  Les  Isleltes  area  on  November  20th  and  on  No- 
vember 26th  began  its  march  to  the  9th  Training  Area.  All  units  were  in  their  billeting  areas  by 
December  5th  and  active  training  started  December  9th. 

Robert  Alexander, 

Major-General,  Commanding. 


[140] 


OFFICIAL  RECORD 
ARGONNE^MEUSE 
OPERATIONS 

By  MAJOR  GENERAL  ROBERT  ALEXANDER 


OPERATIONS  OF  THE  77th  DIVISION 

FROM  THE  ARGONNE  TO  SEDAN 

S  the  operations  of  the  77th  Division  which  it  is  proposed  to  cover  in  this  talk 
refer  more  specifically  to  the  operations  of  the  Division  while  serving  as  part 
of  the  First  Army,  I  will  take  up  here  only  the  work  done  by  the  Division 
between  the  time  of  its  arrival  in  the  Argonne  Sector  and  the  close  of  hostili- 
ties, although  some  very  interesting  developments  attended  our  work  on  the 
Vesle  and  during  the  advance  from  the  Vesle  to  the  Aisne. 

2.  The  term  '"The  Argonne"  proper  should  be  confined  specifically  to 
the  forest  in  which  the  77th  Division  operated  until  that  forest  was  cleared  of 
the  enemy.  It  is  in  reality  a  wooded  mountain  dominating  the  valleys  of 
the  Aire  on  the  east  and  the  Aisne  on  the  west.     Being  a  mountain,  the  terrain 

is  extremely  rugged  with  deep,  scarped  valleys  cutting  into  the  central  mass,  the  whole  covered  by  a 

thick,  in  some  places  impenetrable,  forest,  with  dense  undergrowth. 

3.  Throughout  the  whole  of  this  wooded  height,  there  is  but  one  north  and  south  highway — 
that  which  is  known  as  the  Haute  Chevauchee.  This  road  runs  generally  rather  toward  the  eastern 
edge  of  the  forest.  In  fact,  it  was  practically  the  eastern  boundary  of  the  Divisional  front  at  the 
inception  of  the  operation.  The  four  years  during  which  the  enemy  had  occupied  the  portion  of 
the  forest  from  which  it  was  now  expected  to  expel  him  had  seen  steady  deterioration  of  this  north 
and  south  highway  until,  at  the  beginning  of  the  operations,  it  was  in  places  impassable.  This 
was  due  to  the  fact  that,  having  at  their  disposal  a  very  complete  and  well-constructed  system  of 
narrow  gauge  railways  through  the  forest,  the  Boche  was  not  obliged  to  keep  up  the  road,  except 
in  very  restricted  portions  of  its  extent. 

4.  In  the  portion  of  the  forest  between  the  Four  de  Paris  and  Grand  Pre,  there  is  but  one  trans- 
verse (east  and  west)  highway — that  running  from  \'arennes-Montelainville  via  La  Viergette-Moulin 
de  Charlevaux  on  Binarville.  As  this  was  a  transverse  road,  which  was  cut  at  various  points  by 
the  system  of  narrow  gauge  railway  referred  to.  it  had  been  kept  in  much  better  condition  than  had 
been  the  north  and  south  highway  (the  Haute  Chevauchee),  which,  paralleling  in  general  terms 
the  railway  system,  was  less  essential  to  the  supply. 

.5.  This  forest  railway  system  debouched  from  the  main  line  (standard  gauge),  in  the  valley  of 
the  Aire  at  Marcq  and  extended  to  the  front-line  German  trenches  on  the  general  line.  La  Harazee- 
Four  de  Paris-La  Fille  Morte. 

6.  The  mountain  mass  of  the  forest,  as  previously  staled,  was  cut  up  by  numerous  deep  ravines 
extending  into  it  from  east  and  west,  and  in  each  of  these  ravines  at  the  time  of  the  operations  to 
be  covered  by  this  talk  we  found  running  water.  The  principal  of  these  ravines  affecting  the 
operations  referred  to,  were  those  of  the  Fontaine  Aux  Charmes,  Ravin  Profound,  and  the  ravine 
in  which  is  situated  the  Depot  des  Machines  and  Moulin  D'L'Homme  Mort,  which  runs  north 
and  falls  into  the  Rau  de  Charlevaux.  From  the  Rau  de  Charlevaux.  several  branch  ravines, 
with  the  accompanying  streams,  radiate.  The  Rau  de  Fontaine  Aux  Charmes  (this  name  is  du- 
plicated in  this  place),  and  an  un-named  one  run  a  little  south  of  we.st,  north  of  the  Bois  de  Apre- 
mont,  and,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  map,  there  are  other  streams,  each  occupying  its  own  ravine, 
throughout  the  extent  of  the  forest. 

7.  Through  the  general  mass  of  the  Argonne  which  extends  north  to  south,  from  the  line 
Pa.ssavant-Foucacourt  to  the  general  line  of  Tourteron,  there  are  four  passes: — The  highway, 
St.  Mennehould-Clermont  en  Argonne — the  road  Les  Islettes-La  Chalade,  La  Harazee-Vienne  Le 


143] 


Chateau — Grand  Pre.  and  most  northerly  of  all,  the  route  by  Boult  Aux  Bois-Le  Chene  Populeux. 
Of  these  passes,  the  first  named  was  controlled  by  the  Allies;  the  second  was  dominated  by  Boche 
organizations  along  the  line  La  Harazee-Le  Four  De  Paris,  while  the  Grand  Pre  pass  and  that 
via  Boult  Aux  Bois-Chene  Populeux  were  entirely  in  the  hands  of  the  Boche. 

8.  From  the  earliest  times,  the  wooded  mountain  mass  of  the  Argonne  has  been  prominent 
in  the  history  of  the  lands  about  it,  imder  whatever  name  they  have  been  known — Gaul.  Lorraine, 
Champaign  or  France.  It  has  always  been  an  obstacle  to  mihtary  operations  from  the  days  of  the 
Bomans.  and  has  always  been  justly  regarded  as  a  strong  bulwark  for  the  defense,  and  a  most 
serious  obstacle  for  the  aggressor. 


9.  The  fines  of  the  opposing  trenches  as  they  existed  on  the  26th  of  September,  1918,  had  been 
practically  in  place  since  the  inception  of  the  war,  four  years  previous.  The  usual  development  and 
growth  of  trench  system  had  in  that  time  brought  about  an  amazing  complexity  in  these  defensive 
systems  and  aside  from  the  normal  developments  to  be  expected,  each  side,  considering  the  Argonne 
as  a  rest  sector  in  which  important  operations  were  impracticable,  had  devoted  their  energies  to 
making  themselves  secure — the  idea  being  apparently  that  the  Argonne  was  a  sector  to  which 
worn-out  troops  and  other  sectors  would  be  sent  for  rest  and  recuperation.  It  was,  I  beUeve,  gen- 
erally considered  by  both  our  Allies  and  our  enemies  that  any  effort  looking  to  major  operations  in 
the  Argonne  was  doomed  to  failure  on  account  of  the  difficulties  of  the  terrain;  and  it  is  beUeved 
that  previous  ex-periences.  both  of  the  French  and  the  Boche,  gave  some  color  of  reason  to  this  opin- 
ion. Added  to  the  natural  difficulties  of  the  terrain  were  the  most  elaborate  artificial  defenses. 
Trenches,  barb-wire  entanglements,  chevaux  de  frise,  and  all  the  obstacles  which  the  art  of  the  engi- 
neer could  put  in  place,  were  to  be  found — especially  on  the  Boche  side  of  the  line.  Belts  of  wire, 
one  hundred  metres  wide,  were  not  uncommon  and  passages  through  the  wire  did  not  exist. 

10.  As  garrison  of  the  part  of  the  forest  in  front  of  the  sector  assigned  the  77th  Division,  was 
the  2d  Landwehr  Division  of  the  Germany  Army.  To  the  best  of  oiu-  information  at  the  time, 
this  division  had  three  regiments  in  line.  Their  order  from  west  to  east  was:  122d  Landwehr 
Begiment,  the  120th  Landwehr  and  12.5th  Landwehr.  To  the  west  of  the  2d  Landwehr  Division 
was  the  9th  Landwehr  Division  with  the  116th  Landwehr  Regiment  (Infantry)  on  its  eastern  flank 
and  to  the  east  of  the  2d  Landwehr  was  the  52d  Division.  In  addition  to  these  infantry  divisions 
and  their  accompanying  artillery,  a  certain  amount  of  position  artillery  was  in  place  in  and  about 
the  forest.  It  is  not  practicable  to  give  the  number  of  guns  which  the  Boche  actually  had  engaged 
on  this  part  of  the  front.  It  may  be  stated  here,  however,  anticipating  somewhat  the  course  of 
events,  that  the  77th  Division  captured  five  Bussian  guns  of  calibre  larger  than  10,5s  in  its  progress 
through  the  forest,  in  addition  to  smaller  pieces  and  a  number  of  trench  mortars  of  large  calibre. 

11.  In  this  jungle  of  trees,  underbrush,  scarped  ravines,  complicated  by  Boche  organizations, 
the  77th  Division,  forming  the  left  flank  of  the  1st  American  Army,  was  given  the  front  from  La 
Harazee  inclusive  to  La  Pierre  Croisee  and  Cote  285  exclusive — a  frontage  of  about  six  and  one- 
half  kilometers — the  strength  of  the  Division  being  at  that  time  752  officers  and  25,091  soldiers. 

12.  The  artillery  support  of  which  the  Division  disposed  at  the  opening  of  the  attack  on  the 
26th  of  September  consisted  of  the  divisional  artillery,  forty-eight  75"s  and  twenty-four  155's 
short,  with  the  .302d  Trench  Mortar  Battery.  It  may  be  noted,  however,  in  passing,  that  this 
trench  mortar  battery  was  unable  to  come  into  action,  as  it  was  impracticable  to  prepare  emplace- 
ments for  the  guns  in  the  short  time  intervening  between  the  arrival  of  the  divisional  artillery  in 
the  sector  and  the  opening  of  the  attack.  In  addition  to  the  artillery  of  the  Division,  there 
were  at  my  disposal  for  the  opening  chorus  the  217th  French  Artillery  (6  batteries  of  75's) ;  the 
39th  French  Battery  (155's);  about  190  trench  mortars  (French),  for  which  emplacements  were 
already  partially  in  existence;  the  First  Battalion  of  Trench  ArtiUery:  two  batteries  of  240;  and  four 
batteries  of  our  Coast  Artillery,  16  pieces  of  8-inch — an  aggregate  of  168  pieces  of  all  calibres. 
Of  these,  there  were  at  the  disposal  of  the  Division  during  the  entire  operation  the  2  t7th  French 
Artillery — the  other  additional  artillery  reverting  to  the  direction  of  the  1st  Army  Corps  and  the 
1st  Army  upon  completion  of  the  fire  of  preparation.  ^  arious  targets  were  assigned  this  artillery 
which,  from  the  maps  available,  appeared  to  be  of  importance. 

[  144  1 


13.  As  a  matter  of  interest,  particularly  to  artillerymen,  it  may  be  stated  that  among  the  targets 
indicated  for  the  8-inch  howitzers,  was  the  location  designated  on  the  map  as  Champ  Mahaut, 
which  was  also  designated  as  a  "Depot."  Later  observation  indicated  that  the  practice  of  these 
heavy  guns  on  this  target  was  excellent  and  it  is  probable  that  their  fue  aided  very  materially, 
although  in  an  inchrect  manner,  in  clearing  the  southern  part  of  the  forest  of  any  serious  opposition. 
It  was  found  later  that  this  fire  had  secured  a  direct  hit  upon  a  dugout  built  in  the  strongest  maimer 
of  reinforced  concrete.  The  result  was  excellent,  the  entire  roof  having  been  carried  on  down  into 
the  body  of  the  dugout. 

14.  Of  the  auxiliary  arms  at  the  disposal  of  the  Division,  the  engineers  played  the  most  im- 
portant part.  Their  first  task,  of  course,  was  to  provide  for  transport  across  the  system  of  trenches 
and  through  No  Man's  Land,  and  as  an  aid  to  the  infantry  advance  proper.  The  engineers  were 
also  charged  with  the  duty  of  cutting  such  wire  as  had  not  been  sufficiently  cut  by  the  preliminary 
bombardment.  For  this  latter  purpose,  a  platoon  of  Engineers  was  attached  to  each  assaulting 
front  line  battalion.  These  engineers  carried  heavy  wire  cutters,  of  which  a  supply  had  been 
obtained  from  the  French  through  the  efforts  of  my  liaison  officer,  long  charges  made  up  by  our- 
selves, and  20-foot  bents  of  trussed  foot-bridge — these  latter  for  the  purpose  of  crossing  mine 
craters  and  wide  trenches.  I  have  reason  to  beheve  that  these  platoons  of  engineers  did  their 
work  extremely  well. 

15.  Preparatory  to  the  attack,  such  roads  as  were  in  reach  without  danger  of  divulging  our 
presence  to  the  Boche  were  worked  on  with  a  view  to  rendering  them  at  least  practicable.  The 
only  road  which  could  be  so  worked,  however,  was  the  road  leading  from  the  Croix  Gentin  via  Le 
Rond  Champ  on  Vienne  Le  Chateau,  thence  to  La  Harazee;  and,  by  going  thence  to  La  Placardelle, 
it  was  hoped  a  loop  could  be  made  by  which  supphes  could  be  transported  toward  the  front  without 
undue  congestion. 

16.  It  was  further  hoped  that  the  road  leading  north  from  Vienne  Le  Chateau  on  Binarville 
would  ultimately  become  available  for  use  by  the  left  flank  of  the  Division  for  piu^joses  of  supply. 
It  may  be  stated  here,  however,  that  the  road  through  Binarville  never  did  become  so  available 
while  there  was  any  real  necessity  for  its  employment.  There  was  another  road  leading  northeast 
from  Le  Four  De  Paris  via  the  Barricade  PavilUon,  which  joins  the  Haute  Chevauchee  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  Abri  du  Crochet.  Airplane  photographs  seemed  to  indicate  that  this  road  was  practicable 
within  the  Boche  Unes,  but  the  lower  end  of  it,  at  its  exit  from  the  Four  de  Paris,  ran  tlu-ough  a 
swamp  and  was  consequently  impassable,  nor  had  any  work  been  done  upon  this  road  prior  to  the 
attack,  because  it  was  under  direct  observation  from  the  Boche  lines  and  consequently  any  work 
there  would  doubtless  have  given  them  the  alarm. 

16.  Preparatory  to  the  other  side  of  the  engineer  activities,  preparation  was  made  for  cutting 
wire  with  long  charges  (bangalore  torpedoes).  Two  hundred  large  wire-cutters  were  secured  and 
distributed  to  the  engineers  and  to  the  front-Une  battafions  of  infantry,  and  20  foot  bents  of  foot- 
bridge were  built  by  the  engineers  and  provision  made  to  get  them  forward,  for  the  purpose  of  cross- 
ing shell  craters  and  other  obstacles  of  that  kind.  In  addition  to  all  of  these,  aprons  of  chicken 
wire  were  prepared,  20  feet  long,  to  be  rolled  over  uncut  wire.  On  these  aprons,  as  on  a  bridge, 
men  got  across  barbed-wire  entanglements.  I  have  reason  to  beheve  that  this  method  of  crossing 
the  barbed  wire  was  extensively  utilized  and  worked  very  well. 

17.  Before  leaving  the  subject  of  the  road  Four  de  Paris-Abri  du  Crochet,  I  may  state  that  just 
before  we  had  occasion  to  use  it  the  Boche  ex-ploded  a  mine  therein  at  a  point  along  it  where  it 
would  do  the  most  damage,  and  completely  destroyed  the  passage,  necessitating  at  least  twenty-four 
hours  of  strenuous  work  before  the  road  was  in  condition  to  be  used. 

18.  The  administrative  details  of  supply  and  evacuation  covered  by  Annex  No.  3  to  my  Divi- 
sion Field  Order  No.  43,  go  too  greatly  into  detail  to  be  recited  in  full  here.  It  may  be  stated,  how- 
ever, as  an  indication  of  the  general  plan,  that  the  rail-head  of  the  Division  was  located  at  Les 
Islettes,  on  the  St.  Mermehould-Clermont  en  Argonne  highway.  From  this  rail-head,  the  road 
Le  Cleon-La  Chalade  proceeds  via  La  Harazee,  on  Vienne  le  Chateau,  with  the  branch  road  already 
referred  to,  leading  therefrom  at  the  Four  de  Paris  via  the  Barricade  Pavilion  into  the  Haute 
Chevauchee. 

19.  It  was  contemplated  that  some  use  would  be  made  of  the  existing  French  narrow  gauge 

[145] 


railway  system  for  the  supply  of  the  Division,  but  the  principal  reliance — as  it  turned  out  later — 
was  necessarily  by  motor  and  animal-drawn  transportation  over  highways.  It  was  also  found 
later  that  the  road  north  through  Binarville.  by  which  it  was  expected  to  supply  the  left  flank  of  the 
77th  Division,  never  came  into  use  at  any  time  when  it  was  of  value  to  us.  It  was  contemplated, 
of  course,  that  the  evacuation  of  sick  and  wounded  should  flow  back  by  the  same  roads  on  which  sup- 
plies went  forward.  The  triage  stations  were  near  Florent  and  La  Chalade,  from  which  points 
ambulance  service  carried  patients  to  the  rear.  The  general  scheme  of  circulation  is  shown  on  the 
attached  map. 

20.  It  will  be  observed  that  the  circulation  in  the  forest  itself  was  recognized  beforehand  as 
being  most  uncertain,  and  no  provision  could  be  made  therefor.  In  order  that  this  question  of 
supply  and  evacuation  may  be  treated  together  here,  thereby  avoiding  further  reference  thereto,  I 
may  say  that  for  the  right  flank  of  the  Division  (153d  Brigade),  the  road  Four  de  Paris- Abri  du 
Crochet-Haute  Chevauchee  was  exclusively  used.  For  the  left  flank  (15fth  Brigade),  it  was  found 
that  the  proposed  route  via  Binarville  was  entirely  impracticable,  and  in  anticipation  of  such  a 
development,  preparation  was  made  to  utiUze  the  Boche  railway  system  in  the  forest,  which  in- 
formation, from  maps  and  otherwise,  indicated  to  be  most  complete  and  far-reaching. 

21.  This  scheme  was  carried  out  by  the  divisional  engineers.  A  connecting  link  between  the 
French  system  at  La  Harazee  and  the  Boche  system  at  the  head  of  the  Fontaine  Aux  Charmes 
was  constructed  so  rapidly  that  by  the  third  or  fourth  day  of  the  operation  that  route  was  used 
for  all  supply  and  evacuation  on  the  left  of  the  divisional  sector.  No  locomotives  were  available, 
but  a  few  Boche  freight  cars  were  picked  up  from  day  to  day  and  these  were  utilized,  being  drawn 
by  animals  on  the  railway  referred  to.  I  will  say  here  that  had  it  not  been  for  this  connecting  link 
and  the  consequent  supply  of  the  troops  thereby,  a  continued  advance  in  the  forest — on  the  left, 
at  least — would  have  been  found  entirely  impracticable.  Our  difTiculties  in  the  way  of  transpor- 
tation, at  least  as  concerned  rolling  stock,  were  greatly  alleviated  by  the  capture  of  the  Depot  des 
Machines  on  the  28th  of  September.  At  this  point,  some  sixty  freight  cars  in  serviceable  condition 
were  found  and  at  once  put  to  work.  Effort  was  made  to  secure  locomotives,  but  for  some  reason, 
unknown  to  me,  it  was  impracticable  to  secure  them  until  the  operation  reached  such  a  point  that 
the  urgent  necessity  for  them  had  in  great  part  passed.  The  first  call  for  these  locomotives  was 
made  by  me  on  the  26th  of  September,  as  a  result  of  developments  on  my  left  flank. 

22.  As  a  matter  of  interest,  I  may  add  here  that  during  the  time  the  Boche  railway  system  and 
the  connecting  link  were  operated  by  animals  of  the  77th  Division,  eight  hundred  and  fifty  tons  of 
supplies  of  all  kinds  were  carried  into  the  forest  by  that  route  and  about  five  hundred  sick  and 
wounded  evacuated  thereby.  The  railroad  was  used  in  this  manner  until  the  transverse  road 
BinarviUe-la  Mergette  fell  into  our  control  on  the  7th  of  October. 

23.  The  line  through  the  Forest  of  the  Argonne  within  the  limits  of  the  sector  assigned 
to  the  77th  Division  was  held  by  the  120th  French  Division.  It  was  essential  to  the  complete 
success  of  the  plan  of  the  American  First  Army  that  the  presence  of  American  troops  in  any 
numbers  in  that  vicinity,  should  be  kept  carefully  concealed.  For  this  reason,  the  relief  by 
the  77lh  Division  of  the  French  units  in  the  sector  proceeded  by  increments — if  I  may  use  the 
term.  On  the  night  of  the  19th-20th,  September,  infantry  elements  of  the  Division,  moving  up  from 
the  general  area  of  (!ivry  en  Argonne,  relieved  the  rearmost  elements  of  the  120th  French  Division. 
On  the  night  of  the  20th-21st,  the  remainder  of  that  Division,  except  five  companies  which  occu- 
pied the  first-Une  trench  positions,  was  reUeved  by  the  77th  Division,  and  this  disposition  was 
maintained  until  the  night  of  the  25th-26th  of  September. 

24.  During  this  time,  reconnaissance  of  the  front  was  made  by  officers  and  men  of  the  77th 
Division,  care  being  taken  to  prevent,  by  use  of  French  uniforms,  the  premature  disclosure  of  our 
presence  in  the  sector. 

25.  The  artillery  of  the  Division,  having  come  by  road  from  its  previous  location  in  the  ^  esle- 
Aisne  sector,  did  not  arrive  in  the  sector  until  almost  the  eve  of  the  day  set  for  the  attack,  ("on- 
sequently  the  artiUery  did  not  get  into  its  battle  positions  until  during  the  night  of  23d-24th  Septem- 
ber. This  left  very  Httle  time  for  reconnaissance,  but  such  time  as  was  available  was  fully  utilized — 
the  same  precautions  being  observed  by  the  artillery  observers  as  in  the  case  of  the  infantry.  This 
lack  of  time  for  observation  was  a  serious  disadvantage  to  the  artillery,  as  was  also  the  fact  that 

[  146  1 


no  ranging  shots  could  be  fired,  as  it  was  feared  the  firing  might  indicate  to  the  enemy  the  large 
increase  of  artillery  in  the  sector.  It  is  believed  that  the  precautions  indicated  succeeded  in  their 
purpose  and  that  the  presence  of  American  forces  in  the  Argonne  was  not  definitely  known  to  the 
enemy,  whatever  might  have  been  his  suspicions,  until  the  moment  of  the  attack. 

26.  The  front  to  be  covered  by  the  Division  imposed  upon  the  division  commandei'  a  disposition 
which,  though  apparently  inevitable,  was  not  at  all  to  his  liking.  This  disposition  placed  the 
brigades  side  by  side  and  the  regiments  in  each  brigade  side  by  side.  This  gave  a  development  in 
depth  of  only  three  lines.  It  is  obvious  that  such  disposition  is  not  so  strong,  so  far  as  abihty  to 
"carry  on"  is  concerned,  as  would  be  a  greater  distribution  in  depth.  But  the  front  must  be 
covered,  and  apparently  there  was,  in  this  case,  no  other  way  to  secure  that  result.  This  dis- 
position gives  in  each  regiment  an  assault  battalion,  a  support  battalion,  and  a  line  of  reserves. 
Attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  these  reserves  are  not  regimental  reserves,  but  are  distributed 
between  the  brigades  and  the  Division.  In  this  particular  case,  the  interior  battalions  of  the  .3d 
line  plus  the  divisional  machine-gun  battalion  (motorized)  was  designated  as  the  divisional 
reserve. 

27.  Under  ordinai'y  conditions  of  terrain,  the  divisional  reserve  would  be  concentrated  in  some 
central  spot  where  it  would  be  held  under  the  immediate  control  of  the  division  commander,  until 
necessity  arose  for  its  use,  but  in  the  Argonne,  owing  to  the  difficulties  of  terrain  and  the  absence  of 
communication,  this  disposition  did  not  appear  to  me  to  be  practicable.  As  a  consequence,  the  bat- 
talion designated  as  divisional  reserve  from  the  right  (1.53d)  brigade  and  the  motorized  machine- 
gun  battalion  were  placed  on  the  Four  de  Paris-Barricade  Pavillion  road,  while  the  battalion  desig- 
nated as  divisional  reserve  from  the  left  (1.5lth)  brigade  was  placed  near  La  Harazee,  the  ravine 
of  the  Fontaine  Aux  C'harmes  appearing  to  ofl'er  a  means  of  access  to  the  front.  These  positions, 
of  course,  were  not  occupied  until  after  the  assault  and  support  battalions  had  passed  over  the 
Boche  organizations  in  our  front,  clearing  them  of  the  enemy. 

28.  The  divisional  artillery  occupied  positions  in  the  forest  and  its  southern  outskirts,  where 
space  could  be  found.  One  regiment  of  75's  was  assigned  to  each  infantry  brigade.  The  30Ith 
to  the  153d,  and  the  305th  to  the  154th  Brigade,  while  the  306th  F.  A.  (155's),  remained  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  Division  Commander  as  artillery  reserve,  subject  to  call  by  infantry  brigade  commanders 
to  meet  special  situations  as  they  came  up  in  their  respective  fronts.  As  stated  above,  use  could 
not  be  found  for  the  302d  Trench  Mortar  Battery,  as  time  did  not  permit  the  preparation  of  emplace- 
ments for  their  guns  after  arrival  in  the  sector.  The  305th  and  306th  Machine  (lun  Battalions  were, 
of  course,  at  the  disposal  of  the  respective  brigade  commanders  plus  the  machine-gun  companies 
of  their  regiments.  It  may  be  stated,  once  for  all,  that  the  usual  method  of  employment  for  these 
machine-gun  battalions  was  the  assigning  of  a  company  to  each  front-line  rifle  battalion,  the  remain- 
der remaining  at  the  disposal  of  the  brigade  commander  as  part  of  his  brigade  reserve.  This  method 
of  employment  seems  to  be  the  most  pi-acticable — it  presupposes,  however,  that  the  infantry  bat- 
talion commanders  are  sufficiently  versed  in  their  profession  to  be  able  to  employ  the  machine- 
guns  profitably. 

29.  Among  the  other  pressing  needs  which  a  consideration  of  the  problem  impressed  upon  the 
division  commander,  was  the  necessity  for  assured  communication  and  liaison  between  the  elements 
of  the  Division  and  between  the  Division  and  the  American  and  Allied  forces  on  its  right  and  left. 
It  was  realized  by  the  Division  Crjinmander  that  undoubtedly  a  very  great  many  men  would  be  re- 
quired as  messengers,  runners  and  liaison  groups,  if  communication  was  to  be  maintained.  The 
division  commander  was  not  disappointed  in  this  expectation,  but  the  vital  necessity  for  such 
communication  had  been  so  strongly  impressed  upon  subordinates  that  during  the  entire  time  of 
the  action  in  the  Forest,  where  the  pressing  demand  had  been  anticipated,  the  division  commander 
was  able  at  all  times  to  locate  all  elements  of  his  command.  It  was  my  opinion,  based  upon  my 
observations  as  the  action  progressed,  that  organization  commanders  had  really  put  out  too  many 
men  for  this  purpose,  but  the  necessities  of  communication  in  the  thick  jungles  of  the  Forest  were 
so  imperative,  that  I  believed  it  then — and  believe  it  now — better  to  have  overdone  the  means  of 
liaison  rather  than  to  have  run  the  risk  of  losing  touch  between  the  different  elements  of  my  line. 
This  system  of  runners  and  messengers  was,  of  course,  supplemented,  insofar  as  it  could  be  sup- 
plemented, by  the  activities  of  the  Signal  Corps,  but  these  activities  (telephone)  were  rarely  able 

[  147  ] 


to  get  beyond  the  battalion  P.  C.'s  and  in  the  forest  actual  physical  touch  between  the  elements  of 
the  command  was  in  my  opinion  an  essential. 

30.  At  the  inception  of  the  operations,  the  elements  on  our  right  was  the  28th  U.  S.  Division; 
that  on  our  left,  was  the  1st  Division  Dismounted  Cavalry  (French).  It  was  proposed  to  assure 
the  Uaison  between  the  1st  American  Army  of  which  the  77th  Division  was  the  left,  and  the  4th 
French  Army,  of  which  the  Lst  Division  Dismounted  Cavalry  was  the  right,  by  a  means  of  a  Franco- 
American  liaison  group,  which  was  to  operate  on  the  western  edge  of  the  forest,  keeping  up  com- 
munication between  the  two  armies.  For  this  purpose,  there  was  sent  from  the  92d  l\  S.  Division, 
a  regiment  of  infantry  to  operate  in  conjunction  with  a  similar  force  sent  from  the  French  Dismounted 
Cavalry  Division. 

31.  By  as  careful  considerations  of  conditions  in  my  front  as  could  be  given  those  conditions 
by  me.  I  endeavored  to  determine  upon  some  outstanding  tactical  feature  of  the  terrain  of  the 
Boche  organizations,  which  would  indicate  an  appropriate  maneusre  for  the  purpose  of  over- 
coming opposition.  I  was  unable  to  discover  in  the  Forest  proper  any  such  position.  Consequently, 
at  the  inception  of  the  operations,  all  that  I  could  contemplate  was  a  straight  push  forward  of 
the  whole  line:  and  I  was  obliged  to  depend  upon  the  initiative  of  the  subordinate  commanders, 
specifically  the  platoon  and  company  commanders,  for  the  proper  maneuvre  of  their  units  when  the 
necessity  for  such  maneuvre  became  apparent.  Therefore,  no  effort  was  made  by  me  in  my 
orders  to  specify  anything  more  than  a  straight  push  to  the  front,  as  there  was  nothing  in  evidence 
upon  which  more  detailed  instruction  could  have  been  based. 

32.  These  being  the  respective  situations  of  the  opposing  forces  as  far  as  concerns  the  front  of 
the  77th  Division,  orders  were  received  from  the  1st  American  Army,  setting  the  26th  of  September, 
as  "D"  day  and  5h30  as  "H."  "H"  to  be  preceded  by  three  hours  fire  of  preparation  by  the 
artillery.  On  the  front  of  the  77th  Division,  this  fire  of  preparation  was  begun  on  the  minute  in- 
dicated. On  our  left,  on  the  front  of  the  -1th  French  Army,  for  some  reason  unknown  to  me,  the 
fire  of  preparation  began  about  23h30  on  the  25th  of  September.  It  was  anticipated  by  me  that  this 
extremely  long  preparation  fire  on  the  front  of  our  neighbors  would  give  the  alarm  to  the  enemy 
forces  in  our  front. — If  it  did  so  give  the  alarm,  no  serious  consequences  followed  for  us,  except 
that  the  Boche,  having  apparently  withdrawn  from  his  front  fine  trenches,  the  assaulting  battahons 
of  the  77th  Division  had  merely  to  make  their  way  through  the  mass  of  trenches  and  wire  in  their 
front,  the  resistance  offered  in  the  front-line  trenches  being  very  Ught  and  causing  us  but  a  very 
few  casualties.  The  mere  crossing  of  the  Boche  defensive  system,  however,  was  a  most  tedious 
task,  for  reasons  which  have  been  given  above.  However,  progress  was  made  during  the  day  of 
the  26th,  so  that  at  night-fall  the  advancing  infantry  of  the  77th  Division  was  practically  on  the 
line  set  for  the  day's  objective.  As  we  advanced,  however,  north  of  the  Boche  first  line,  the  oppo- 
sition encountered  became  at  each  step  more  determined  in  character  and  our  losses  began  to  mount 
up  rather  rapidly.  It  seemed  that  the  enemy  garrison  of  the  forest  was  very  deeply  echaloned  in 
depth,  and  that  consequently,  as  the  leading  enemy  elements  fell  back,  they  received  more  and  more 
support  from  the  organizations  in  rear.  Our  most  severe  engagements  of  the  day  occurred  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  Barricade  Paviliion  and  the  St.  Hubert's  Pavillion.  The  opposition  encountered  was 
not  sufficient  to  stop  the  fine,  but  it  was  sufficient  to  inflict  considerable  losses  upon  our  advancing 
infantry.  It  is  to  be  noted  here  that  after  the  initial  push  at  5:30  A.  INI.,  which  had  been  preceded 
by  the  fire  of  preparation,  practically  no  assistance  whatever  could  be  rendered  to  the  infantry  by 
the  artillery  against  the  enemy  front  line.  The  reason  for  this  lack  of  assistance  was  in  no  sense 
the  fault  of  the  artillery,  but  was  entirely  due  to  conditions  of  terrain.  The  Forest  was  so  thick 
that  no  observation  of  fire  was  possible.  In  addition  to  this,  the  opposing  fines  during  practically 
all  of  the  time  that  we  were  within  the  Forest  proper  were  within  fifty  to  one-hundred  metres  of 
each  other.  Consequently,  fire  from  our  friendly  artiUery  would  have  been  as  dangerous  to  my  line 
as  to  the  enemy.  I  endeavored  to  secure,  with  the  assault  battalion,  the  services  of  accompanying 
guns,  but  this  in  the  Forest,  for  the  reasons  given  above  and  also  for  the  lack  of  any  roads  by  which 
the  artillen,'  could  move  forward,  was  Ukewise  found  to  be  entirely  impracticable.  As  a  matter 
of  fact,  the  infantry  of  the  77th  Division  won  their  way  through  the  Argonne  by  sheer  fighting 
abiUty,  by  the  use  of  the  infantry  weapons  proper,  aided  in  some  cases  by  hand-grenades  and  the 
37  miUmetre  gun,  but,  above  all,  on  account  of  the  inflexible  determination  to  conquer  which  ani- 

[148] 


bat  oBee^Eiieed  bail  irtermn^  OaAeUtfcof  Ocfiokz;  Aefaeafderr&KvsnlBafce&oBK 
tbp  am  than  UMfcAkb  af  de  Foxest  and  ovecloakai  tfe  iAim  aod  vafe*^  thaugii  wHA  tbe  Fiv<7 
Aire  takes  its  war.  wfaenn  are  ataated.  tfe  towns  of  St.  Jnvn^  devioes  and  Grand  F^  T^ 
«ueoBta>e  pi.it4tiniKV  ooaipiai  by  the  front  fee  of  ddb  Dvnaaa  Aboo^  tie  {lui^iuit  Abso^  tbe 
FoRst  »(^  ^awn  on  the  map  whack  e  befece  yoo.  Dmin^  the  aeNaaee  thaBiigh  de  FoRSt.  the 
«TWTity  foro^s.  winrb  ^  Ae  ioDqpCion  <tf  the  opraadoB  bad  bad  the  2d  Laadwuhr  Dwitiun  is  femi 
of  the  TTth  T  .  S-  woe  gacreased  at  nteFrais.  On  Okrtobar  fet.  we  feond  m  our  &qnt  the  7^A 
Fkacine  DtrHon.  Oa  OEfiofer  I«dL  we  fennd  tke  9dt  Landwdhiv  ani  1^  T^rdi  Reso-re  Divvim. 
The M I^ndwefar. whkk bad beea odi^naB; nt OIK fianf. was nnved ta i^ I^  east. OKihiB^ mam 
fior  the  two  (firiaoHB  &st  naaaed  above. 

33.  Dqssb^  lim  pnigzess  though  the  Focst  ami  wtAmBmr  the  entae  opeeations  ^mm.  the  fltt& 
of  Septiendier  to  tfael€&af  Ortdbs.when  1^  TTtii  Drd9r»  was  Fefieved  mfee  by  ffe 'IKfcDi*^^ 
tiir^e  safiert  QccoEreaees  staid  oat  dbore  iJie  pst.  Hiese  are  the  9^i<E^difni  aid  nftinafie  icfief 
.  f  the  eo^nnnd  of  3Caior  new  Coknel  Charks  W.  Wbittlesey:  Aefia&in^ttf  St.  J^vin 'oi  Ofet. 
14  .  and  &e  taidn^  c^  Giand  Pre  on  Octoiier  Lath.  For  the  rest,  eacb  jay  srw  fe  •!&rt  and  eaefc 
effort  readted  m.  a  ^edfO'  or  less  achraKe.  Xo  fcwrifenry  oice  ooeij^ed  by  the  TTtk  Dwitiun 
^hifiiy  these  operatians  was  gx«^a  ^.  AK  smos  were  beil  ^ad  tiie  Dnisjun  ^ach.  morahi^  laKwed 
i^  ^tac^  of  the  day  b^oie.  h  Urn  ^eadj  advaaee.  Ae  enony  c^aed  att.  tfe  resEtaiee  wftiiB 
las  power,  it  k  troe  that  be  ahawdnned  bis  frmt-fiie  tzeoehes  aupapaitly  at  the  &st 
nf  ffirenf  pmy^inw-  hwt  gaph  nf  his  iffcefam.  agh^fegfcayfc  wag  rwpjvtH^  by  the* 
eckaloned  in  rear,  aid  reastaiee  was  eneoiBiieEed  at  e*«ty  iaat  d  the  way.  Ail  ] 
'  jf  appcoacfc  W9e  covaed  by  ensny  nndbioe-ginK:  \a&  arfdlory.  b^ie  fiiSy  advised  ri.  the  aiEces- 
ave  defeaare  portions  to  be  oeeopied  by  bi^teaopsu  eadearfxed  to  asi  <fid  harass  tr^nendoo^ 


^L  Beades  amnnfczHK  eoostatf  mai  Tiiw  ji—  &e  af  gpeafca  «r  less  iwiwiKitj — bat  ^wa«5 
present — the  adv^aciB^  fae  of  the  TTtii  Dtrisbn  eneai^ifieeed  BcsHqiei^y  iii.  inifnd  d^BKve 
po^&BS  is  the  Ticm^  of  Ae  Banicaife  Parflfan.  Ragg««*'  f^nrSon.  St.  Albert's  l^nfion.  Ahri 
dn  CrodeC  Abci  de  St.  Loo^  T>i  iiiif  iHi  t  Iffiifiiia  i  wwIT  i  TTi  iiliu  wriTiiii  Ih  Biiiiti  iif  ffa  Fii  I 
proper,  which  it  was  necessary  to  tafce  by  stS^  Sghtiwg 

35.  ThefagiiBilawbiAbaireagHiuiwigitheactiaatMAgleSoftheDpriM^dBriigthepgiad 
between  Octobg  Si  ^ai  Tlh — both  dates  neinave — atAiaigthepoprfg-i 
anst  pomnadiy  befere  the  pnbfic  ttat  partiL-aiar  phase  cf  Ghe 
of  Bsen  n«oI«ed  and  laigth  <tf  tine  dnine  wUch  Aose  mimhn 

event  stan^  otf  abowe  the  othos.  A  &e  sane  tneit  ni^  not  be  thangit  6r  a  m— mt 
tife  was  the  only  oeeaaasdBEMgwgpmgiefctheBnghAeFogest  that  tJunm^rfthfe  Dwihwa  «^ 
ti  anBii  iiilj  c^  rffeo^  other  partiEWsaf  the  fee.  The  nopfiaE^^af  the  Forest  was  a  nortdB- 
c^  tadk  ^nl  oftoK,  afiar  thefae  had  advanced.  snaB  psties  <d  the  oi^ay  vse  fennd  ia  nany 
^ly^^ifw'g in  rwflf  mir front' ffw  \\  m>  iit'i  Thesewse^^asedof  OEnalN^istheeaiKseaf  a^aet 
twwe.  bat  dnrns  that  s^ort  tine  iiitw  i  w«e  eatremdy  active  ^bA.  nmummmnAMt  mas  in  nan^ 
mstances.  as  pre^iuobly  stafeed.  teHparaE3y  sn^pendaL 

36.  ThegtaationqgAel^qf  AeDiv«inoglheiwnnihigof  iheSdqf  Oetahgwasabaatas 
feOows:  The  fxst  Bt^tafien.  3M&  £^a«ry.  o^fer  )^ar  Cbries  W.  WUttiesey^  w»  tfe  ad- 
vice battafion  on  the  left  of  the  DiviaEn.  The  Seeood  B^talan.  308th.  coiBBaried  by  C^tai 
George  MeMorty.  was  m  sapport.  the  front  fee  of  fhse  b^t^ms  was  ^  ahaot  394^^T3-'^5. 
the  lea^ng  b^t^on  faavK?  been  chedbed  by  heavy  nracine  sun  aid  tRBch  nortar  appo^iin  aid 
tfaesi^port  hillifti  havMg  cfaeed  np  an  it.  With  tihese  two  b^feafiDns  were  seetiaBS  of 
gmg  from  rianiiiHB  i  C  and  D  qf  the  3B6th  Mad^  Gon  BrttaBon.  The  uEt 
astance  to  Ae  advance  had  bees  enmmitMied  an  tibe  west  dL  ^e  north  aid  sooth  Eavhie.whExea 
portiiaa  of  the  eoBannd  ^Oaqpanies  D  mA  F.  308^!  was  n  poatiEm. 

3T.  AttentioB  e  mvited  to  &e  f^ui^nply  d^ficnft  character  of  &e  textan  n  front  of  t^s 
CTimnMntl.  The  north  and  soathiaviaeEiimihie  from  Ae  D^ot  desMacUnes  post  the  Moi&i^ 
LTfiiniiiM  MortegMfetheregMMBrtataA-sectormtwoL  Theadesof  tMs^ivneaBedeeiiedK  pce- 
rnpctoos  and  deffis»4v  .'.-Trfrwi  vi^  bmdfe.     In  o^o-  w»HRfe  ai  afeost 

[1^1 


iL«- 


interposed  between  the  right  and  left  flanks  of  the  Brigade  line — an  obstacle  which  offered  perfect 
cover  to  machine-gun  nests  and  trench  mortar  emplacements.  Furthermore,  at  this  time  and  in 
fact  at  all  limes  during  the  operations  of  the  forest,  the  left  flank  of  this  Division  was  completely 
exposed,  there  being  no  friendly  troops  anywhere  near  us.  Consequently,  the  left  flank  was  obliged 
to  look  out  for  its  own  safety  as  best  it  might.  This  was  equally  true  of  the  right  flank  of  the  Divi- 
sion. But  our  immediate  interest  here  is  with  the  left  flank.  This  being  the  situation,  I,  early 
on  the  morning  of  the  2d  of  October,  gave  orders  for  a  general  advance  of  the  entire  divisional  line, 
giving  that  line  as  its  objective,  the  east  and  west  La  Viergette-Moulin  de  Charlevaux  Boad,  and 
the  railroad  paraUeling  it,  as  shown  on  the  map.  My  orders  were  quite  positive  and  precise;  the 
objective  was  to  be  gained  without  regard  to  losses  and  without  regard  to  the  exposed  conditions 
of  my  flanks.  I  considered  it  most  important  that  this  advance  should  be  made  and  accepted  the 
responsibility  and  the  risk  involved  in  the  execution  of  the  orders  given.  Complying  with  these 
orders,  the  advance  began  about  12h30.  It  was  preceded  by  an  artillery  barrage  from  which  I 
expected  more  moral  than  material  result.  The  right  (153d)  Brigade  was  stopped  before  an  enemy 
organization  occupying  the  spur  known  as  the  Bois  de  la  Naza,  as  was  likewise  the  right  regiment 
of  the  151th  Brigade,  before  Boche  organizations  which  were  placed  upon  the  spur  west  of  the  Bois 
de  la  Naza.  These  Boche  organizations  were  not  formal  trench  systems,  on  which  much  work  had 
been  expended,  but  they  consisted  of  isolated  sections  of  trenches,  of  wire  entanglements,  and  of 
chicken-wire  suspended  between  trees.  The  whole  was  covered  by  the  thick  brush;  and  the  ob- 
stacles could  not  be  discovered  until  the  troops  came  into  immediate  contact  with  them.  Active 
defense  of  those  organizations  consisted  of  machine-guns,  grenade-throwers,  and  trench  mortars. 
The  right  Brigade  and  the  right  regiment  of  the  left  Brigade  were  stopped  in  their  advance 
as  previously  stated;  the  left  regiment  of  the  left  Brigade  (308th),  broke  through  the  organizations 
in  its  front  and  continued  the  advance,  reaching  the  objective  set  for  the  Une  at  about  18h00.  The 
casualties  in  this  command  up  to  about  that  time — that  is,  during  the  advance — amounted  to 
about  one  hundred  officers  and  men  killed  and  wounded.  As  the  result  of  this  advance,  2  German 
officers,  28  men  and  3  machine-guns  were  captured. 

38.  During  the  advance,  a  trench  system  was  crossed  and  heavy  wire  was  encountered  and 
overcome.  This  attack  was  delivered  by  Companies  A.  B,  C,  E,  G  and  H.  308th  Infantry, 
accompanied  by  sections  of  machine  guns  from  Cos.  C  and  D,  306th  Machine  (nm  Battalion,  and 
was  directed  along  the  wooded  heights  and  slopes  east  of  the  ravine  referred  to.  D  and  F  com- 
panies, 308th,  were  west  of  the  ravine  referred  to  and  held  that  position,  while  the  3d  Battalion  of 
the  308th  Infantry  was  further  to  the  rear.  Upon  reaching  the  objective,  a  position  for  the  night 
was  taken  up  along  the  La  Mergette-Moulin  de  Charlevaux  Boad.  This  position  was  about  five 
hundred  metres  east  of  the  Moulin  de  Charlevaux,  on  the  steep  bank  which  runs  down  from  the 
road  to  the  bottom  of  the  ravine.  The  machine-gun  sections  were  placed  on  the  flanks  of  the  line 
and  the  left  flank  was  refused  somewhat  with  a  view  to  securing  what  was  considered  the  most 
dangerous  quarter.  The  men,  of  course,  dug  fox-holes  and  prepared  to  hold  their  positions  as  di- 
rected. The  orders  contemplated  that  the  line,  on  advancing  to  the  ea.st  and  west  road  referred  to, 
would  reorganize,  perfect  its  liaison  between  the  organizations,  exploit  the  ground  to  the  front 
by  means  of  strong  patrols,  and  prepare  for  further  advance  to  be  started  when  ordered.  At  day- 
break on  October  3d,  Company  E  was  detached  from  the  command  and  started  back  along  the  line 
of  advance,  the  intention  being  that  it  join  Companies  D  and  F  on  the  west  of  the  ravine,  attack 
with  them,  and  bring  up  the  left  of  the  line  to  its  proper  position,  in  fiaison  with  the  companies 
already  on  the  objective.  In  order  to  clear  up  here  the  movements  of  this  company,  it  may  be  stated 
that  upon  moving  to  the  rear  for  the  purpose  indicated  it  was  found  that  enemy  forces  had  gotten 
into  position  during  the  night  and  very  few  of  the  men  of  this  Company  got  through;  one  platoon 
returning  to  Colonel  Whittlesey's  command  and  one  officer  and  eighteen  men  of  the  company  finally 
getting  through  to  the  south.  About  7  A.  M.  on  October  3d,  the  command  was  joined  by  two 
officers  and  about  80  men  of  Company  K,  307th  Infantry.  This  company  had  been  designated  by 
the  Colonel  of  the  307lh  as  the  liaison  group  between  his  regiment  and  the  308th  Infantry.  It 
now  came  up  and  took  its  place  at  the  right  of  the  line,  anticipating  an  advance  by  the  remainder 
of  the  front-line  battalion  of  the  307th  Infantry.  The  situation  from  that  time  on,  until  the  remain- 
der of  the  line  was  able  to  advance,  remained  as  has  been  given.     Major  Whittlesey's  command 

[150] 


held  its  position ;  repulsed  numerous  attacks  of  the  enemy ;  sufl'ered  losses  in  so  doing,  but  was  found 
an  organized  command  when  the  remainder  of  the  line  came  up.  The  remainder  of  the  line,  upon 
attempting  to  advance,  found  decidedly  stubborn  opposition  in  its  front,  and  was  able  to  make 
but  small  advances  at  any  one  time.  The  opposition  on  the  spur  known  as  the  Bois  de  la  Naza 
has  been  referred  to.  It  further  developed  that  on  the  left  of  the  divisional  sector  a  Boche  trench 
system  was  found  running  down  from  La  Palette  across  the  spur  which  leads  west  from  the  Bois 
de  la  Naza.  This  trench  system,  probably  but  very  hghtly  occupied  at  the  time  of  Whittlesey's 
advance,  was  reoccupied  by  the  Germans  in  considerable  force  during  the  night  after  the  advance, 
and  the  wire  which  existed  on  the  spur  referred  to  was  extended  to  the  eastward,  so  as  to  Unk  up 
with  the  wire  already  in  existence  on  the  Bois  de  la  Naza.  This,  however,  was  not  completely  done 
and  to  that  lack  of  complete  wiring  may  be  attributed  the  ultimate  success  of  the  measures  taken 
to  advance  the  rest  of  the  line. 

39.  Realizing,  of  course,  that  my  left  flank  was  entirely  exposed,  I  directed,  early  in  the  evening 
of  October  2d,  that  the  battalion  of  the  divisional  reserve  located  at  the  entrance  of  the  Ravin 
Fontaine  Aux  Charmes  near  La  Haiazee  move  at  once  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Depot  Des  Machines, 
informing  the  Commanding  General,  15 1th  Brigade,  of  this  action  and  directing  him  to  utiHze  his 
brigade  reserve  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  his  left  flank ;  at  the  same  time  placing  the  battaUon 
of  the  divisional  reserve  at  his  disposal  for  a  brigade  reserve,  in  case  necessity  for  its  use  in  that 
capacity  should  arise.  It  was  contemplated,  of  course,  by  me  that  the  brigade  reserve  would  stop 
the  gap  existing  on  my  left  flank.  I  knew  that  the  French  had  made  no  advance,  whatever  they  had 
attempted,  although  the  information  which  I  received  from  the  Corps  placed  the  French  at  Lancon. 
I  told  the  Corps,  however,  that  that  information  was  entirely  erroneous,  and  the  event  demon- 
strated that  my  estimation  of  the  situation  was  a  correct  one.  Notwithstanding  my  orders  to 
the  commanding  general  of  the  154th  Brigade,  the  brigade  reserve  was  not  placed  where  it  could 
accomplish  the  end  desired.  Instead  of  being  placed  facing  west  of  northwest  so  as  to  stop  the  gap 
in  the  left  recu-  of  Whittlesey's  command,  it  apparently  was  placed  in  double  column  of  companies 
about  on  the  spur  marked  212,  south  of  the  road  leading  into  Binarville  from  the  east. 

40.  The  situation  of  Major  Whittlesey's  command  was,  of  course,  recognized  by  me  as  being 
extremely  critical.  He  had  gone  into  action  with  his  reserve  rations  only — supposedly  a  supply 
for  two  days.  Fear  was  entertained  that  his  ammunition  supply  might  run  out  and  consequently 
every  possible  effort  was  made  by  the  Division  to  advance  our  line  so  as  to  again  come  into  com- 
munication with  him.  For  this  purpose,  five  direct  attacks,  preceded  by  such  artillery  preparation 
as  was  possible,  were  delivered  against  the  trench  systems  on  the  west  of  the  sector,  but  none  of 
these  attacks  succeeded  in  breaking  through.     Neither  could  the  right  (15.'id)  Brigade  advance. 

41.  Efforts  were  also  made  by  means  of  the  Air  Service  to  reach  Major  Whittlesey's  command 
with  ammunition,  rations  and  carrier  pigeons  for  communication,  but,  owing  to  the  density  of  the 
undergrowth  and  the  consequent  uncertainty  of  his  actual  position,  none  of  these  efforts  met  with 
success,  two  planes  and  two  aviators  being  lost  in  the  effort. 

42.  The  position  on  the  Bois  de  la  Naza  was  strong  in  itself  and  was  sufficiently  organized  to 
offer  serious  obstacles  to  an  advance.  In  addition  to  this,  my  right  flank  was  quite  exposed,  there 
being  no  friendly  troops  in  touch  with  me  on  that  side  except  some  scattered  elements  of  the  divi- 
sion on  my  right,  which  were  quite  out  of  touch  with  all  the  remainder  of  their  Division.  Meanwliile, 
every  effort  was  being  made  to  fdter  men  in  small  groups  through  the  intervals  between  the  ridge  of 
the  Bois  de  la  Naza  and  the  ridge  running  southeast  from  the  direction  of  the  Moulin  de  Charle- 
vaux.  It  was  found  that  the  enemy  wire  did  not  extend  entirely  across  the  ravine,  the  ravine  re- 
ferred to  being  the  junction  of  the  Rau  Fontaine  Aux  Charmes  and  the  Rau  de  Charlevaux  at 
the  western  end  of  the  Bois  de  la  Naza.  Effort  was  made  to  build  up  a  line  on  the  southern  slopes 
of  the  Bois  de  Apreraont,  particularly  on  the  nose  just  north  of  the  stream  juncture.  These  efforts 
were  bitterly  opposed  by  fire  coming  from  the  reverse  slopes  of  the  Bois  de  la  Naza  and  the  ridges 
to  its  west,  with  machine-gun  fire  from  the  front.  But  after  the  most  determined  efforts  a  filing 
line  was  finally  built  up  on  the  nose  referred  to,  and  this  firing  line  taking  in  reverse  the  enemy 
organizations  in  front  of  our  line,  the  opposition  from  these  organizations  began  to  show  signs  of 
giving  way  early  on  the  morning  of  October  7th.  At  this  time,  communication  with  Major 
Whittlesey's  command  had  been  cut  off  for  five  days  and  it  was  realized  that  they  must  be  short  of 

[151] 


rations  and  probably  of  amniuiiition  as  well.  At  the  first  sign  of  weakening  of  the  hostile  resis- 
tance, a  determined  advance  was  made  by  the  entire  Une,  which  ultimately  broke  tluough  the 
enemy  formations,  and  the  307th  Infantry  moved  up  to  the  line  estabUshed  by  Major  Whittlesey's 
command,  reaching  that  position  about  twenty-one  hours  later — the  night  of  October  7th.  This 
advance  of  the  307th  was  followed  very  shortly  by  the  entire  153d  Brigade  and  by  the  remainder  of 
the  308th  Infantry. 

43.  The  daily  and  periodical  press  has  seen  fit  to  refer  to  Major  Wliittlesey's  connnand  as  "The 
Lost  Battalion"  and  to  speak  of  its  "rescue."  In  the  opinion  of  the  77th  Division,  neither  of 
these  terms  is  apposite.  Major  Whittlesey  conducted  his  command  to  the  objective  designated  for 
him  by  the  division  commander,  occupied  the  position  assigned  him  and  held  that  position  until  the 
remainder  of  the  Division  was  able  to  move  up  to  him.  He  held  it  with  the  indomitable  deter- 
mination which  has  characterized  the  work  of  the  American  soldier  wherever  he  has  been  called 
upon  to  perform  a  task.  This  command  was  neither  "lost"  nor  "rescued."  It  suffered  heavy 
losses;  it  was  subjected  to  fire  from  both  enemy  and  supposedly  friendly  artillery — (The  French,  in 
spite  of  my  determined  protest,  placed  artillery  fire  on  this  ravine  the  morning  of  the  7th  of  October, 
being  quite  convinced  that  the  command  must  have  surrendered.)  Notwithstanding  all  of  this. 
Major  Whittlesey  and  his  command  held  the  position  to  which  they  had  proceeded  under  my  order 
and  were  found  by  me,  when  I  visited  them  on  the  very  early  morning  of  October  8th,  an  organized 
command,  in  good  order,  and  in  excellent  spirits.  It  may  be  noted  that  a  demand  for  surrender, 
made  on  the  morning  of  the  7th  when  the  command  was  under  its  most  disadvantageous  circum- 
stances, was  repelled  with  scorn — the  command  feeling  perfectly  competent  to  look  out  for  itself 
even  then. 

44.  The  remainder  of  the  advance  through  the  Forest  proceeded  very  rapidly  and  without  any 
incident  worthy  of  special  note  until,  the  morning  of  the  10th,  the  Une  of  the  77th  Division  stood 
upon  the  heights  overlooking  the  valley  of  the  Aire  and  the  town  of  Grand  Pre,  Chevieres  and  St. 
Juvin.  By  the  11th,  the  general  Une  of  the  Aue  was  reached.  It  must  not  be  understood  that  our 
advance  through  the  northern  portion  of  the  Forest  had  been  unopposed.  On  the  contrary,  there 
still  remained  macliine-gun  nests  to  be  destroyed  and  the  advancing  Unes  of  the  Division  were  under 
constant  shell-fire  from  enemy  positions  north  of  the  Aire.  But  this  shell-fire,  while  aimoying,  was 
generaUy  ineffective,  the  Unes  advancing  under  cover  of  the  timber,  and  it  was  only  when  some 
weU  marked  point  of  registration  for  the  enemy  artiUery  was  reached,  such  as  when  the  road  leading 
from  the  Malassisse  Farm  to  La  Folie  Farm  was  crossed,  that  losses  from  the  artillery  fire  became 
noticeable  in  number.  Upon  readiing  the  northerly  slopes  of  the  Argonne  and  coming  out  into 
the  open  ground  between  the  foot  of  the  hills  and  the  Aire  river,  the  registration  of  this  hostile  fire 
became  very  much  more  accurate  and  consequently  my  losses  became  more  noticeable.  The 
general  line  held  by  the  Division  from  October  11th  to  13th  is  shown  on  the  map.  On  October  10th, 
Field  Order  No.  54  extended  my  divisional  front  so  as  to  take  in  the  town  of  St.  Juvin  and  that  town 
at  once  became  the  objective  for  an  attack  by  the  Division. 

45.  For  this  attack,  the  153d  Infantry  Brigade  was  designated  and  in  this  brigade  the  306th 
Infantry  was  the  leading  regiment  which  accomplished  the  reduction  of  the  town  of  St.  Juvin. 

46.  Having  come  out  into  the  open,  the  possibility  and  the  desirabiUty  of  a  return  to  manoeu- 
vre struck  me  most  forcibly.  In  my  instructions  to  the  Commanding  General,  153d  Brigade,  I 
thoroughly  indicated  to  him  my  views  on  the  subject  and  directed  that  he  initiate  a  holding  attack 
against  St.  Juvin,  along  the  general  Une  of  the  Aire,  while  a  portion  of  his  command,  crossing  the 
river  above  the  ford,  the  Gue  de  Hamby,  should  deliver  the  real  attack  against  St.  Juvin  from  the 
east.  Observation  had  convinced  me  that  the  Boche,  being  a  creature  of  habit,  would  place  his 
artillery  barrage  where  he  had  been  in  a  habit  of  placing  it,  and  that  any  attack  against  St.  Juvin, 
ostensibly  coming  from  the  south,  would  bring  down  the  hostile  barrage  so  as  to  cover  the  southern 
approaches  to  the  town.  If  this  were  true,  then  a  battaUon  crossing  to  the  east  of  the  town  would 
probably  encounter  very  Uttle,  if  any,  artillery  opposition.  The  result  justified  this  expectation. 
St.  Juvin  was  taken  by  a  battalion  of  the  306th  Infantry  moving  against  the  eastern  face  of  the 
town.  The  losses  in  this  battaUon  were  not  excessive.  It  was  unfortunate,  however,  that  the  troops 
entrusted  with  the  demonstration  directly  from  the  south,  were  not  sufficiently  trained  to  carry 
out  their  mission.     They  attempted,  apparently,  to  convert  what  was  intended  to  be  a  threat  into 

[152] 


a  real  attack  and  to  cross  the  Aire  and  advance  upon  St.  Juvin  directly  from  the  south,  the  result 
being  that  eight  officers  were  killed  and  some  twenty  wounded,  while  the  losses  among  the  en- 
listed men  of  this  portion  of  the  command  were  heavy  in  proportion.  The  successful  attack  from 
the  east,  however,  produced  the  result  desired  and  not  only  St.  Juvin,  but  also  Hill  182  to  its  north, 
were  in  our  hands  by  about  17h40.  With  the  town  of  St.  Juvin  were  taken  something  over  five  hun- 
dred prisoners,  and  in  this  connection  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  utilization  of  the  machine- 
gun  organizations  attached  to  the  153d  Brigade  for  a  machine-gun  barrage  north  of  St.  Juvin 
prevented  the  escape  of  these  prisoners.  It  is  true  that  the  77th  Division  did  not  get  credit  on  the 
books  of  the  Provost  Marshal  for  this  full  number  of  prisoners,  as  we  had  not  sufficient  guards  to 
send  them  all  back.  Some,  therefore,  were  necessaiily  turned  over  to  a  neighboring  Division  and 
it  is  thought  that  the  troops  turning  in  those  prisoners  received  the  credit  for  their  capture. 

47.  During  the  11th,  12th  and  13th  of  October,  exploitation  to  the  front  had  been  undertaken 
with  varying  success.  Patrols  from  the  307th  crossed  the  Aire  and  went  into  (jlrand  Pre  during  the 
night  lOth-llth  October,  but  were  driven  out  by  machine-gun  fire.  These  patrols  found  a  ford 
east  of  Grand  Pre.  On  the  night  of  the  llth-12th  October,  patrols  were  also  pushed  to  the  front 
and  into  Grand  Pre,  but  were  received  by  artillery  and  machine-gun  fire  from  the  heights  to  the 
north.  Artillery  fiie  was  likewise  very  heavy  on  the  slopes  south  of  the  Aire — as  it  was  at  all  times. 
In  the  center  of  my  Une,  strong  patrols  were  able  to  cross  the  Aire  and  establish  themselves  on  the 
St.  Juvin-Grand  Pre  Road,  and  finally  on  the  night  of  October  Hth-lSth,  I  directed  the  Command- 
ing General,  154th  Brigade,  to  undertake  early  the  next  morning  the  reduction  of  the  town  of  Grand 
Pre.  For  his  assistance  in  this  task,  I  gave  him  in  addition  to  the  regiment  of  75's  already  at  his 
disposal,  the  regiment  of  155's  belonging  to  the  Division.  The  operation  was  undertaken  as  ordered 
and  in  the  course  of  the  day  progress  was  made  from  the  eastward  on  Grand  Pre,  which  progress 
resulted  in  the  occupation  of  the  town  at  about  8:30  P.  M.  Forty -one  of  the  enemy,  including  two 
non-commissioned  officers,  were  made  prisoners  and  six  light  and  two  heavy  machine  guns  were 
captured  in  this  operation.  It  was  impracticable  for  the  troops  of  this  Division  to  complete  the 
mopping  up  of  Grand  Pre,  although  the  town  was  completely  occupied  and  at  the  disposal  of  our 
troops,  as  the  78th  Division  was  directed  to  relieve  the  77th  Division  during  the  night  of  15th-16th 
October. 

48.  This  action  which  placed  the  town  of  Grand  Pre  in  our  possession,  completed  the  first  phase 
of  the  operations  toward  Sedan.  I  was  especially  anxious  to  secure  Grand  Pre,  as  it  commanded 
one  of  the  passes  through  the  Argonne.  I  felt  at  the  time  that  my  congratulations  were  due  both 
brigades  for  their  excellent  work  in  taking  the  two  towns  mentioned. 

49.  During  the  night  15th-16th  October,  the  Division  was  relieved  of  its  position  in  line  by  the 
78th  Division  and  was  placed  as  corps  reserve  in  the  vicinity  of  Pylone  and  Camp  de  Bouzon.  In 
these  localities,  many  formerly  Boche  dugouts  were  found  which  offered  shelter  to  the  men,  and 
here  the  Division  remained  from  the  16th  of  October  until  the  30th  of  October,  when  we  resumed 
our  place  in  line  in  the  sector  shown,  taking  over  the  line  where  we  had  left  it  on  the  night  of  the 
15th-16th  October.  This  return  to  the  line  was  preparatory  to  the  general  attack  by  the  American 
Army  on  the  1st  of  November. 

50.  A  consideration  of  the  terrain  in  my  immediate  front  indicated  to  me  the  desirability  for 
manoeuvre  in  an  effort  to  go  forward.  Obstacles  in  our  front  were  the  fortified  town  of  Champig- 
neuUe  and  the  Boche  organizations  on  the  hills  to  the  east  of  the  valley  of  the  Agron  River.  The 
position  in  my  judgment  was  an  extremely  strong  one  and  we  knew,  from  captured  documents  and 
other  indications,  that  the  enemy  garrison  in  the  position  had  orders  to  resist  to  the  last  extremity. 
Under  these  circumstances,  a  direct  attack  to  carry  the  front  of  this  position  did  not  offer,  to  my 
mind,  much  chance  of  success  except  at  the  cost  of  extremely  heavy  losses.  In  the  preliminary 
conference  which,  as  was  customary,  I  held  with  my  brigade  commanders,  I  indicated  my  view  of 
the  tactical  situation  and  directed  that  a  holding  attack  be  delivered  against  the  front  of  the  posi- 
tion while  an  enveloping  movement  from  the  east,  which  moving  over  into  the  territory  of  the  80th 
Division,  on  my  right,  for  the  purpose  of  avoiding  the  scarped  ravine  north  of  the  line  held  by  the 
Division,  would  come  down  on  the  position  from  the  east  and  take  it  in  flank  and  reverse.  It  appears, 
however,  that  for  some  reason  unknown  to  me,  this  plan  was  not  carried  out  on  November  1st.  The 
things  which  I  directed  to  be  done  were  not  done,  and  the  troops  were  permitted  to  attempt  a  direct 

[153] 


attack,  with  the  result  that  on  the  right,  the  advance  was  inordinately  delayed  by  going  into  the 
scarped  ravine  referred  to,  while  on  the  left,  the  troops  endeavoring  to  attack  Champigneulle  in 
front,  suffered  a  costly  repulse.  As  a  consequence  of  this  lack  of  tactical  direction,  I  was  able 
at  nightfall  to  report  only  two  companies  approximately  on  the  road  leading  east  from  Champig- 
neulle— one  company  south  of  the  town,  with  a  liaist)n  group  west  of  the  town  in  touch  with  the  right 
of  the  78th  Division.  After  consideration  of  the  circumstances  of  the  case,  I  relieved  from  command 
the  officer  previously  commanding  the  153d  Brigade,  which  was  in  the  lead,  and  who  was  responsible 
for  the  failure  of  the  attack  on  November  1st,  and  directed  his  successor  to  place  on  his  right  in  the 
territory  of  the  80th  Division  the  other  regiment  of  the  153d  Brigade,  preparatory  to  an  advance  at 
dayhght  on  \'erpel-Thenorgues.  I  may  state  here  that  the  frontage  assigned  to  the  Division  per- 
mitting of  such  a  disposition,  the  Division  was  in  column  of  brigades,  with  each  brigade  in  column  of 
regiments.  This  disposition  commended  itself  to  nie,  frontage  being  suitable,  as  one  which  offered 
the  greatest  probabiUty  of  continued  effort  on  the  part  of  the  Division.  I  believe  that  the  result 
justified  this  deployment.  The  disposition  referred  to  above  was  made  during  the  night  of  1st- 2d 
November,  and  at  daylight  the  advance  by  the  right  regiment  of  the  brigade  on  Verpel-Thenorgues 
commenced.  As  soon  as  this  movement  declared  itself,  the  opposition  in  and  about  Champigneulle 
disappeared  and  the  whole  line  was  enabled  to  move  forward  with  the  utmost  rapidity.  It  wiU  be 
seen  from  the  map  that  on  November  2d  the  line  of  the  Division  moved  forward  eight  kilometers; 
on  November  3d,  it  again  moved  forward  eight  kilometers;  on  November  4th,  it  moved  forward 
four  and  one-half  kilometers,  but  on  this  day  we  encountered  strenuous  opposition  along  the  ridge 
running  from  Oches  to  the  F'erme  D'lsly  and  the  Polka  Farm.  At  this  time,  both  brigades  were 
in  Une.  The  opposition  referred  to  was  eUminated  during  the  day  of  November  4th,  and  on  Nov- 
ember 5th  the  Division  held  the  line  Stonne-La  Besace. 

51.  After  passing  the  Stonne-La  Besace  line,  the  Division  continued  the  forward  movement, 
passing  the  line  east  and  west  through  Flaba  before  noon  on  November  6th.  During  the  afternoon 
of  November  6th.  both  brigades  being  in  line,  the  Division  pushed  forward  and  by  19h30  the  1st 
Battalion  of  the  307th  Infantry  occupied  the  town  of  Remilly-Sur-Meuse,  having  cleaied  the  heights 
overlooking  the  Meuse  and  Sedan  of  the  enemy,  and  had  patrols  in  and  beyond  Allicourt.  On  the 
right  of  the  Division,  the  305th  Infantry  was  in  possession  of  ^'illers  devant  Mouzon  and  Autre- 
court,  with  patrols  in  Petit  Remilly  and  Mouzon.  As  soon  as  the  river  was  reached,  the  engineers 
accompanying  the  leading  battalions  began  at  once  the  construction  of  foot-bridges  across  the 
stream,  all  the  former  bridges  being,  of  course,  destroyed  by  the  retreating  Boche,  and  as  soon  as 
these  bridges  were  completed,  particularly  the  one  at  ^'illers  devant  Mouzon,  a  battalion  was  put 
on  the  march  for  the  purpose  of  crossing  the  stream  and  seizing  the  heights  about  Amblimont. 

52.  It  was  believed  by  the  Division  Connnander  and  it  is  still  his  opinion  that  those  heights 
could  have  at  that  time  been  seized  with  a  minimum  of  effort  and  loss,  the  Boche  being  in  full  re- 
treat and  my  troops  being  immediately  upon  his  heels.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  last  element  of 
the  Boche  rear-guard  was  caught  under  direct  infantry  fire  as  it  endeavored  to  make  a  crossing 
of  the  stream  in  the  vicinity  of  Remilly.  My  action  in  ordering  the  occupation  of  the  heights  of 
Amblimont  was  reported  by  me  at  once  to  the  Corps,  at  which  headquarters  it  was  approved. 
Shortly  afterward,  however,  I  received  orders  from  the  Army,  through  corps,  to  withdraw  the  forces 
which  were  moving  forward,  the  reason  given  being  that  in  the  opinion  of  the  Army  Commander 
we  were  too  isolated  with  respect  to  the  troops  of  our  right  and  left  and  that  consequently  the  posi- 
tion would  be  a  dangerous  one  to  occupy.  Orders  were  consequently  given  stopping  the  battalion 
on  march  and  directing  its  return  to  the  left  bank  of  the  Meuse.  I  took  the  Uberty,  however,  of 
leaving  a  platoon  of  about  fifty  men  east  of  the  stream  as  cover  to  my  bridge-head. 

53.  It  might  be  noted  in  passing  that  the  construction  of  these  bridges  cost  my  engineers 
two  officers  and  eight  men  killed,  and  three  officers  and  seventeen  men  wounded,  but  the  passage 
of  the  river  was  forced  without  particular  difficulty  as  my  infantry  was  closely  supported  by  forward 
guns  of  the  artiUerv  with  each  front-line  battalion.  The  position  along  the  Meuse  was  occupied  on 
the  6th  of  November,  and  was  retained  by  the  77th  Division  until  the  end.  On  November  7th, 
about  4  P.  M.,  the  leading  elements  of  the  Division  then  on  my  left,  which  had  one  brigade  in  Une, 
came  up  and  established  liaison  with  the  left  of  my  front-line  elements  along  the  stream.  Prior 
to  noon  of  that  date  (7th  November),  the  most  rehable  information  that  could  be  gotten  of  this 

[154] 


brigade  of  the  neighboring  Division  was  that  it  was  south  of  an  east  and  west  line  through  Ange- 
court.  The  front  occupied  by  the  77th  Division,  after  taking  over  on  November  9th  the  front  of 
the  neighboring  brigade,  extended  from  Pont  Maugis,  inclusive,  to  Mouzon,  exclusive.  This  front 
was  occupied,  the  troops  disposed  in  depth  and  the  position  held  until  12  hours  on  November  12th, 
twenty  five  hours  after  the  armistice  had  gone  into  effect. 

54.  On  the  afternoon  of  the  10th  November,  the  commanding  general  of  the  48th  French  Divi- 
sion, accompanied  by  staff  officers  from  the  headquarters  of  the  4th  French  Army  appeared  at  my 
P.  C.  at  Raucourt  and  stated  that  he  was  to  relieve  the  77th  Division  in  the  sector  held  by  us  over- 
looking Sedan  and  the  Meuse;  but,  as  no  orders  had  been  received  by  me  to  turn  the  sector  referred 
to  over  to  the  French  or  to  any  one  else,  I  declined  to  be  relieved  and  retained  the  position  given 
until  the  hour  stated  above,  at  which  time  the  relief  took  place,  orders  therefor  having  been  received 
meanwhile. 

55.  The  foregoing  is  a  succinct  account  of  the  operations  of  the  77th  Division  during  the  offen- 
sive which  carried  us  from  the  Four  de  Paris  through  the  Forest  of  the  Argonne  to  the  heights  south 
of  Sedan. 

56.  I  have  not  attempted  to  go  into  great  detail  in  this  account  of  these  operations,  because  it 
would  be  impracticable  so  to  do  within  the  period  of  time  allowed  me.  There  are,  however,  certain 
observations  made,  and  deductions  based  upon  these  observations  which  I  think  worth  while  to 
note  here. 

DEDUCTIONS 

57.  It  appeared  to  me  during  all  these  open  operations,  including  the  impressions  which  I 
received  after  we  had  forced  the  passage  of  the  Vesle  on  September  4th,  that  the  instruction  of  the 
Junior  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers,  referring  speciflcally  to  platoon  chiefs,  seemed  to 
leave  much  to  be  desired.  A  satisfactory  conduct  of  open  operations  involves  the  ability  to  ma- 
noeuvre; in  other  words  the  abihty  to  combine  movement  with  fire.  It  did  not  seem  to  me  that  the 
Junior  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers  realized  the  importance  of  manoeuvring  as  a  means 
whereby  successful  results  might  be  attained  with  a  minimum  of  losses.  This  was  not  due  to  any 
lack  of  good-will  and  earnestness.  It  was  simply  due  to  the  fact  that  then-  instruction  either  had 
not  been  conducted  along  lines  which  would  impress  upon  them  the  vital  necessity  for  such  manoeu- 
vre, or  the  course  of  instruction  through  wliich  they  had  been  put  had  not  made  upon  them  the 
impressioii  desired.  This  probably  on  account  of  lack  of  time.  I  consider  this  instruction  for 
Junior  officers,  the  platoon  chiefs,  essential  if  the  best  results  are  to  be  expected  from  the  effort  put 
^orth.  With  the  BattaUon  Commanders  and  officers  of  higher  grades,  it  is  more  a  question  of 
planning,  but  execution  of  these  plans  depends  upon  the  instruction  and  intelUgence  of  the  Junior 
officers  and  non-commissioned  officers.  It  occurred  to  me  that  perhaps  the  rigid  formulae  of  trench 
warfare  had  been  insisted  upon  during  the  training  of  these  junior  officers  and  non-commissioned 
officers  to  an  undue  extent.  To  obviate  this,  it  seems  to  me,  that  we  should  insist  at  all  times  upon 
the  development  of  individual  initiative  along  proper  lines,  depending  upon  the  proper  employment 

/f  that  initiative  to  lead  people  right  in  the  formal  operations  of  stabilized  warfare. 

58.  It  was  further  noted,  or  at  least  I  thought  I  noticed,  that  there  was  a  disinclination  to 
utilize  to  its  full  potential  power  the  infantry  ride.  Whether  this  disinclination  came  from  lack  of 
proper  training,  I  am  not  prepared  to  say,  but  dependence  seemed  to  be  made  upon  machine  guns, 
grenades  and  the  other  auxiliaries  to  the  partial  exclusion  of  rifle  fire.  I  am  quite  convinced  that 
we  cannot  too  strongly  insist  upon  our  desire  to  bring  about  the  full  utilization  of  this  fire.  The  other 
auxiUaries,  machine  guns,  hand-grenades,  37  mm.,  are  useful  in  their  way,  but  they  are  merely 
auxiliaries,  and  intelligent  use  of  the  infantry  rifle  wins  battles  when  no  other  instrumentality  will 
fi'iffice. 

59.  It  had  appeared  to  me  at  various  times  that  the  present  organization  of  the  Infantry 
Regiment  is  more  compUcated  than  the  abilities  of  the  average  colonel  permit  him  to  use  effectively. 
I  mean  that  while  it  is  most  desirable  to  combine  all  of  the  auxihary  agencies  with  the  fire  of  the  rifle 
to  bring  about  the  maximum  results  with  the  least  possible  expenditure,  it  was  only  in  rare  instances 
that  my  observation  led  me  to  beheve  that  all  of  these  auxiliaries  were  being  properly  employed.  I 
can  only  account  for  this  lack  of  co-ordination  on  the  supposition  stated  above. 

[155] 


60.  The  Trench  Mortar,  I  think,  should  be  specifically  regarded  as  a  trench  weapon.  It  has 
to  my  mind  been  demonstrated  beyond  cavil  that  in  the  war  of  movement  these  weapons  are  merely 
bm-dens.  The  materiel  is  hea\^'  and  it  is  almost  impossible  to  get  up  an  adequate  anununition  sup- 
ply. Effort  has  been  made  by  me  at  vaiious  times  to  utUize  for  this  pui-pose  the  carriages  of  the 
macliine-gun  companies,  but  the  result  had  not  demonstrated,  to  my  mind,  that  that  method  is 
practicable.  As  far  as  the  six-inch  mortar  with  wliich  the  Trench  Mortar  Battery  is  suppUed  is 
concerned,  an  attempt  to  utilize  it  in  the  open  is  in  my  opinion  quite  hopeless.  As  a  result  of  this 
conviction,  in  preparation  for  the  advance  from  the  Aire  to  Sedan,  beginning  November  1st,  I  left 
at  rail-head  my  six-inch  mortar  materiel  and  armed  the  personnel  of  the  Trench  Mortar  Battery 
with  four  captured  105  mm.  howitzers.  These  hght-weight  guns,  for  which  I  had  at  the  beginning 
of  the  operation  about  125  rounds  of  ammunition  each,  rendered  excellent  service  during  the  advance, 
as  I  was  able  to  renew  my  ammunition  supply  from  captured  stocks  as  we  went  along. 

61.  In  connection  with  this  subject,  I  beUeve  that  we  should  take  into  consideration  the  extreme 
desirability  of  attaching  to  each  front-line  battalion  one  or  perhaps  two  field  pieces.  This  was 
done  during  the  portion  of  our  advance  which  was  in  the  open  with  excellent  results.  A  most  sig- 
nificant example  of  the  advantage  to  be  gained  by  such  a  disposition  may  be  had  by  taking  the  ad- 
vance of  the  307th  Infantry  by  the  towns  of  Raucourt,  Haraucomt,  Angecourt,  Petit  Remilly.  The 
2d  BattaUon  of  the  regiment  followed  the  line  of  heights  east  of  the  valley  in  which  these  towns  are 
placed ;  the  3d  Battalion  of  the  regiment  being  on  the  heights  on  the  west,  each  battaUon  being  ac- 
companied by  one  75m.  gun.  As  machine-gun  fire  developed  on  either  side  of  this  valley,  the  gun 
on  the  other  side  was  there  for  the  purpose  of  blasting  it  out.  The  result  was  excellent,  the  advance 
of  the  line  being  held  up  no  more  than  a  maximum  of  twenty  minutes  at  any  place.  To  furnish  the 
front  battahons,  however,  with  a  75m.  gun  involves  a  break  up  of  the  divisional  artillery  and  I,  per- 
sonally, am  too  conservative  to  regard  the  disruption  of  a  tactical  unit  with  any  great  degree  of  favor. 
Would  it  not  be  possible  and  profitable  to  utifize  the  present  personnel  assigned  to  the  Trench  Mortar 
Battery  for  the  purpose  of  manning  something  in  the  nature  of  our  old  mountain  gun  which  can  be 
carried  either  by  pack-mule  or  on  an  extremely  light  mount  (as  a  matter  of  personal  preference,  I 
vote  for  the  mule),  and  accompany  these  front-line  battalions  to  perform  the  duties  of  forward  guns, 
at  the  same  time  avoiding  the  disruption  of  a  battaUon  of  artillery? 

62.  The  organization  of  the  divisional  infantry  is  a  matter  of  great  importance.  I  found,  and 
of  course  every  other  division  commander  found,  that  upon  going  into  action  it  was  necessary  to 
break  up  certain  of  his  tactical  units  if  he  was  to  have  a  divisional  reserve.  It  is  only  under  the  most 
favorable  circumstances  and  on  a  front  which  is  exceptionally  favorable  that  a  division  can  be  formed 
in  a  column  of  brigades.  If  such  a  formation  is  found  practicable,  extent  of  front  to  be  covered 
being  of  course  the  dominant  factor,  then  the  brigade  in  rear  becomes  automatically  the  divisional 
reserve.  In  ordinary  cases,  the  extent  of  the  front  assigned  to  a  division  is  too  great  for  any  such 
disposition  and  frequently  every  regiment  in  the  division  loses  one  of  its  battaUons  either  as  a 
brigade  or  divisional  reserve.  I,  therefore,  am  personally  quite  convinced  that  the  infantry  of  the 
division  should  be  organized  into  three  brigades  of  three  regiments  each,  an  organization  which 
lends  itself  in  an  especially  favorable  manner  to  the  tactical  developments  to  be  expected  in  open 
warfare. 

63.  The  artillery  now  forming  a  part  of  the  division  is  in  my  judgment  adequate.  It  is  organ- 
ized in  such  a  way  as  to  lend  itself  very  readily  to  appropriate  tactical  dispositions.  It  is  suffi- 
ciently powerful  to  furnish  the  necessary  artillery  factor  for  the  solution  of  almost  any  problem  with 
which  a  division  can  be  confronted,  and  the  75's  are  sufficiently  mobile  (horse-drawn),  to  keep  up 
with  any  advance  of  the  division  reasonably  to  be  expected.  When  we  consider,  however,  the  155's, 
it  is  my  opinion  that  the  case  is  quite  different:  and  I  am  convinced  that  these  pieces,  while  in- 
dispensable as  a  part  of  the  armament  of  the  division,  should  by  all  means  be  motorized.  As  a 
matter  of  principle,  I  beUeve  that  all  the  artillery  of  the  division  and  all  its  transport  should  be 
motorized.  But,  of  course,  this  is  an  ideal  condition  of  supply  hardly  attainable  under  existing 
conditions. 

64.  The  machine-gun  element  of  the  divisional  organization  is  in  my  opinion  ample.  I  am 
not  sure  but  that  it  is  in  excess  of  requirements  for  open  warfare.  The  usual  method  of  employing 
machine  guns  adopted  in  this  and  I  imagine  most  all  the  other  divisions  was  to  assign  one  company 

[156] 


to  each  rifle  battalion  in  front  line.  It  was  not  always  my  opinion  that  these  machine-gun  com- 
panies, which  were  of  course  in  addition  to  the  machine-gun  companies  of  the  regiments,  were 
profitably  employed.  This,  of  course,  is  a  matter  which  depends  upon  the  degree  of  tactical  edu- 
cation at  the  disposal  of  the  commander  of  the  battahon  to  which  the  guns  are  so  attached.  The 
problem  is  a  difficult  one.  On  the  one  hand,  close  haison  is  essential  between  the  guns  and  the 
infantry  which  they  are  supporting.  On  the  other,  it  has  seemed  to  me  at  times  that  better  results 
might  be  anticipated  if  the  guns  were  used  as  a  battalion  under  their  own  battalion  commander.  I 
am  not  prepared  at  this  time  to  express  a  positive  opinion  about  the  matter,  one  way  or  the  other. 

65.  The  other  auxihary  arms,  engineers  and  signal  corps,  are  organized,  I  beheve,  on  proper 
Unes.  They,  of  course,  perform  their  duties  well  or  ill,  depending  upon  the  degree  of  ability,  ini- 
tiative and  energy  possessed  by  the  chiefs  of  these  auxiliary  services — the  same  remark  being  equally 
applicable  to  the  Sanitary  Service. 

For  purposes  of  liaison,  aviation  is  indispensable.  I  beheve  that  for  this  purpose  four  or  five 
planes  should  be  permanently  part  of  the  division,  as  it  was  found  that  without  the  long  training 
for  which  the  constant  presence  of  the  planes  with  the  troops  is  an  essential  the  proper  utilization 
of  these  planes  is  not  probable.  Without  long  and  careful  training,  troops  do  not  display  their 
panels  properly,  if  at  all,  and  without  the  display  of  the  panels  no  information  of  front  Une  is 
probable 

66.  As  an  indication  of  the  strong  opposition  encountered  by  this  Division,  a  consideration  of 
the  enemy  order  of  battle  in  our  front  is  not  unworthy  of  reference.  At  the  inception  of  the  opera- 
tion on  September  26th,  we  had  in  front  of  us  the  2d  Landwehr  Division.  On  September  29th, 
this  was  reinforced  by  the  76th  Reserve  Division.  On  October  15th,  we  had  in  front  of  us  the 
45th  Reserve  Division,  the  2d  Landwehr  Division  and  the  76th  Reserve  Division.  On  returning 
to  the  line  on  October  30th,  we  found  in  front  of  us  in  the  sector  assigned  us,  a  sector  which  at  that 
time  covered  only  a  little  over  2^2  kilometers,  the  45th  Reserve  Division  and  the  240th  Division. 
These  elements  remained  in  our  front  during  the  remainder  of  the  Operation,  the  divisional  sector 
being  extended  at  times  so  as  to  take  in  elements  of  the  76th  Reserve  Division  as  well  as  the  other  two. 
Upon  reaching  the  line  of  Stonne-La  Basace,  we  found  in  our  front  the  210th  Division,  the  76th 
Reserve  Division  and  the  195th  Division.  Upon  reaching  the  Une  of  Flaba,  we  found  in  our  front 
the  10th  Division,  the  240th  Division  and  the  76th  Reserve  Division.  While  holding  the  whole 
corps  front  on  the  Meuse  prior  to  the  Armistice,  we  had  in  oiu-  front  the  10th  Division,  the  240th 
Division,  the  76th  Reserve  Division,  the  103d  Division;  and  after  taking  over  the  sector  held  by  the 
brigade  on  our  left  we  found  in  front  thereof  the  14th  Reserve  Division. 

67.  During  these  operations,  the  77th  Division  captured  in  the  Forest  of  the  Argonne  3,400 
rifles,  5  pieces  of  heavy  artillery,  36  pieces  of  light  artiUery,  35  trench  mortars  and  155  machine  guns. 

In  addition  to  these  captures  of  ordnance,  the  Division  captured  four  or  five  very  large  dumps  of 
materiel,  ordnance,  engineer,  etc.,  which  very  conservatively  estimated  were  worth  at  least  two 
and  a  half  millions  of  dollars. 

In  the  advance  from  the  Aire  on  Sedan,  the  Division  captured  3,200  rifles,  20  pieces  of  heavy 
artiUery,  some  of  them  taken  earUer  in  the  year  from  our  Allies,  16  pieces  of  light  artiUery,  11  trench 
mortars,  97  machine  guns. 

68.  Besides  this  the  quantity  of  ammunition  for  all  classes  of  arms  taken  was  uncountable. 
The  advance  made  by  the  Division  from  the  inception  of  the  operations  to  the  close  measured,  in  a 
straight  Une,  593^^  kilometers,  over  every  foot  of  which  this  Division  fought  its  way.  The  losses 
of  the  Division  during  the  operations,  kiUed  and  died  of  wounds : 

Killed — Officers 44  Enlisted  men 973 

Wounded — Officers 119  EnUsted  men 3629 

Missing — Officers 5  EnUsted  men 230 

Total  168  4832 

Prisoners  taken  by  the  77th  Division: 

Officers 13  Other  ranks 707 

[157  1 


69.  I  have  endeavored  to  compress  within  the  shortest  possible  hniits  a  resume  of  the  opera- 
tions of  tliis  Division  in  connection  with  the  ensemble  of  operations  which  administered  the  decisive 
blow  to  the  invader  of  France.  I  have  scrupulously  resisted  the  temptation  to  dwell  upon  the  task 
accomplished  by  the  Division,  a  task  which  our  Allies  regarded  as  an  impossible  one— the  reduction 
of  the  Fortress  of  the  Argonne.  It  was  accompHshed  in  the  face  of  tremendous  difficulties  by  a 
determination  to  conquer,  characteristic  of  the  American  soldier.  "They  didn't  think  we'd  do  it, 
but  we  did." 


[158] 


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[159] 


DIVISION  STAFF  and  ORGANIZATION  COMMANDERS 


Date  of  Embarkation 

BRIG.-GEN.  EVAN  M.  JOHNSON, 
Division  Commander. 

COL.  EWING  E.  ROOTIT,  G.  S., 
Chief  of  Stair. 

LT.-COL.  WALTER  B.  McCASKEY,  Inf., 
G-L 

LT.-COL.  JAMES  C.  RHEA,  Inf., 
G-2. 

LT.-COL.  JAMES  C.  RHEA,  Inf., 

G-.i. 

MAJ.  LLOYD  C.  GRISCOM,  A.  G., 
Adjutant. 

BRIG.-GEN.  EDMUND  WITTENMEYER, 

L'j.^d  Infantry  Brigade. 

COL.  WILLIA:M  R.  SMEDBERG,  Jr.,  Inf., 
30.5th  Infantry. 

COL.  GEORGE  VID.MER,  Inf., 
;}06th  Infantry. 

MAJ.  DANIEL  A.  NOL-\N.  Inf., 
30.5th  Machine  Gun  Battalion. 

COL.  LSAAC  ERWIN,  Inf., 
154th  Infantry  Brigade. 

LT.-COL.  REUBEN  SMITH,  Inf., 

307th  Infantry. 

COL.  NATHAN  K.  AYERILL,  Inf., 
308th  Infantry. 

MAJ.  JOHN  B.  RICHARDSON,  Inf., 
306th  Machine  Gun  Battalion. 

BRIG.-GEN.  THOMAS  H.  REES, 
lo2d  Field  Artillery  Brigade. 

COL.  RAYMOND  N.  BRIGGS,  F.  A., 
30Uh  Field  Artillery. 

COL.  FRED  C.  DOYLE,  F.  A., 
305th  Field  Artillery. 

COL.  KWVRENCE  S.  MILLER.  F.  A., 
306th  Field  Artillery. 

1st  LT.  SAMUEL  J.  REID,  F.  A.. 
302d  T.  M.  B. 

LT.-COL.  CHARLES  G.  \VINNIA,  Inf., 
304th  Machine  Gun  Battalion. 

CAPT.  CHARLES  C.  RUMSEY,  F.  A., 
Headquarters  Troop. 

COL.  CL.\RENCE  O.  SHERRILL,  Engrs., 
302d  Engineers. 

MAJ.  CHARLES  M.  MILLIKEN,  S.  C, 
302d  Field  Signal  Battalion 

COL.  EDAVARD  SIGERFOOS,  Inf., 
302d  Tr.  Hdqtrs.  and  M.  P. 

LT.-COL.  AUSTIN  F.  PRESCOTT,  Inf., 
302d  Ammunition  Train. 

1st  LT.  LEWIS  F.  HARDER,  Engrs., 
302d  Engineers  Train. 

MAJ.  RIGBY  D.  VALLIANT,  F.  A., 
302d  Supply  Train. 

LT.-COL.  CHARLES  H.  TAIT,  M.  C, 
302d  Sanitary  Train. 


Date  of  Signing  of  Armistice 

MAJ.-GEN.  ROBERT  ALEXANDER, 

Division  Commander. 

COL.  CLARENCE  O.  SHERRILL,  G.  S., 
Chief  of  Staff. 

LT.-COL.  THOMAS  J.  JOHNSON,  F.  A., 
G-L 

LT.-COL.  LEWIS  S.  MOREY,  G.  S., 
G-2. 

LT.-COL.  MARION  W.  HOWZE,  J.  A., 

G-3. 

LT.-COL.  LOUIS  B.  GEROW,  A.  C... 
.\djutant. 

BRIG.-GEN.  MICHAEL  J.  LENIR\N, 

153d  Infantry  Brigade. 

LT.-COL.  VERNON  W.  ROLLER,  Inf., 
305th  Infantry. 

COL.  GEOR(iE  VIDMER,  Inf., 
306th  Infantry. 

MAJ.  ALRERT  S.  PEAKE,  Inf., 
305th  Machine  Gun  BattaUon. 

BRIG.-GEN.  HARRISON  J.  PRICE. 

151th  Infantry  Brigade. 

COL.  RAYMOND  SHELDON,  G.  S., 
307th  Infantry. 

COL.  JOHN  R.  R.  HANNAY,  Inf., 
308th  Infantry. 

CAPT.  LEWIS  M.  SCOTT.  Inf., 
306th  Machine  Gun  Battalion. 

BRIG.-GEN.  MANUS  McCLOSKEY, 
152d  Field  Artillery  Brigade. 

LT.-COL.  WILLIAM  McCLEAVE,  F.  A., 
30lth  Field  Artillery. 

COL.  FRED  C.  DOYLE,  F.  A., 
305th  Field  Artillery. 

COL.  CHARLES  D.  WINN,  F.  A., 

306th  Field  .\rtillery. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  J.  REID,  F.  A., 
302d  T.  M.  B. 

CAPT.  JOHN  B.  MARSH,  Inf., 
30lth  Machine  Gun  Battalion. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  P.  BRETT,  Inf., 
Headquarters  Troop. 

LT.-COL.  FR.\NK  A.  GIESTING,  Engrs., 
302d  Engineers. 

MAJ.  LONNIE  M.  POWERS,  S.  C, 
302d  Field  Signal  Rattalion. 

COL.  ISAAC  ERWIN,  Inf., 

302d  Troop  Hdqtrs.  and  M.  P. 

MAJ.  HENRY  H.  CURIL\N,  F.  A., 
302d  Ammunition  Train. 

1st  LT.  JAMES  A.  RYAN,  Engrs., 
302d  Engineers  Train. 

CAPT.  MONROE  D.  ROBINSON, 
302d  Supply  Train. 

MAJ.  JAMES  B.  GRIFFIN,  M.  C, 
302d  Sanitary  Train. 


160 


MAJOR-GENERAL  ROBERT  ALEXANDER 

MAJOR-GENERAL  ALEXANDER,  under  whose  command  the  77th  Division  operated 
during  the  last  three  phases  of  this  history,  the  Vesle-Aisne  advance,  the  Argonne  campaign, 
and  the  advance  on  Sedan,  was  born  in  Baltimore,  Maryland,  on  the  seventeenth  of 
October,  1863.     His  father  was  Justice  William  Alexander  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Baltimore  City 
cmd  the  Court  of  Appeals  of  the  State  of  Maryland. 

In  his  youth  it  seemed  that  the  future  general  would  choose  the  profession  of  law  as  had  his 
father,  but  after  reading  law  for  two  years  in  the  office  of  Messrs.  J.  B.  and  Edwin  H.  Brown,  Cen- 
terville,  Maryland,  and  subsequent  admission  to  the  bar,  Robert  Alexander,  lawyer,  erdisted  April 
7,  1886,  in  Company  G,  4th  Infantry  and  became  Robert  Alexander,  Private,  U.  S.  Army. 

On  July  i,  1887,  he  became  1st  Sergeant  of  his  company,  in  which  capacity  he  served  until 
commissioned  2d  Lieutenant  of  Infantry  on  December  19,  1889.  To  follow  the  rise  and  adventures 
of  Captain,  Major,  Colonel,  and  General  Alexander  is  to  follow  the  tale  of  the  American  Army 
through  its  campaigns  against  the  Indians,  the  War  with  Spain,  the  Cuban  Occupation,  the  Philip 
pine  Insurrection,  the  A.  E.  F.  Mexico,  and  the  A.  E.  F.  France. 

His  fu-st  assignment  as  an  officer  was  with  the  7th  Infantry,  with  which  he  served  in  the 
expedition  against  the  hostile  Sioux  Indians  in  the  winter  of  1890-91  and  in  suppressing  the  quasi 
Civil  War  in  Denver,  Colorado,  and  the  Debs  Railway  Strike  (1894).  In  December,  1896,  he 
became  a  1st  Lieutenant  and  was  assigned  to  the  12th  Infantry. 

In  March,  1898,  he  was  assigned  to  the  11th  Infantry  and  was  with  that  regiment  in  Porto 
Rico  when  it  was  pait  of  the  brigade  under  Brigadier-General  Theodore  Schwan  that  cleared  the 
western  end  of  the  island  of  the  enemy.  Lieutenant  Alexander  commanded  Company  C,  11th 
Infantry,  in  both  engagements  of  the  operation,  Hormigueros  (August  10,  1898)  and  at  Los  Marias 
(August  13,  1898).     He  was  cited,  once  in  each  engagement,  for  gallantry  by  General  Schwan. 

Lieutenant  Alexander  remained  in  Porto  Rico  until  August,  1900,  as  disbursing  officer  of  the 
United  States  Provisional  Court  for  the  Department  of  Porto  Rico,  at  which  time  he  returned  to 
the  United  States  with  his  company  (then  Company  D,  11th  Infantry).  On  October  2,  1899,  he 
became  a  captain. 

In  February,  1901,  with  the  11th  Infantry,  he  was  ordered  to  the  Phihppine  Islands,  and 
stationed  at  Carigara,  Island  of  Leyte.  From  then  on  to  1908  he  served  with  this  regiment  through 
its  numerous  changes  of  station.     Most  notable  of  his  service  in  the  Philippine  insurrection  was  in 


[161 


1901-02  against  the  hostile  bands  on  the  Islands  of  Samar  and  Le^-te.  During  one  of  these  actions 
he  was  wounded  by  a  bolo.  On  January-  2,  1902.  he  was  cited  by  Brigadier-General  Jacob  H.  Smith 
"For  courage,  skill  tmd  perseverance  in  action." 

In  1903  the  regiment  was  stationed  in  Manila  and  returned  in  1904  to  the  United  States.  Fort 
D.  A.  Russell,  Wyoming.  In  October,  1906,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Cuba  as  part  of  the 
Army  of  Occupation. 

In  1908  he  became  a  student  officer  in  the  Army  School  of  the  Line,  graduating  in  1909,  and 
in  1910  graduated  from  the  Army  Staff  College;  after  which  he  was  assigned  as  inspector-instructor 
of  the  National  Guard  of  Maryland,  remaining  on  this  duty  until  1913. 

In  1913  he  was  assigned  to  the  17th  Infantry,  and  commanded  a  battaUon  when  the  regiment 
was  sent  to  the  Mexican  border,  serving  at  Eagle  Pass  until  April  20,  1916.  At  tliis  time  the  17th 
Infantn,'  was  ordered  to  Mexico  as  peut  of  the  I'nited  States  Punitive  Expedition.  Although  a 
major,  through  lack  of  senior  officers  he  commanded  the  regiment.  On  July  1st  he  was  promoted 
heutenant-colonel.  The  troops  of  the  17th  Infantry  succeeded  in  destroying  Candelario  Cervantes, 
one  of  the  principal  lieutenants  of  Francisco  ^'illa.  for  which  it  was  commended  by  General  Pershing — 
one  of  the  few  citations  of  that  time. 

Returning  to  the  I  nited  States  in  February,  1917.  with  the  Punitive  Ex-pedition.  Colonel 
.Alexander  was  detailed  on  special  work,  mustering  and  inspecting  National  Guard  troops,  rejoining 
his  regiment  .some  months  later  at  Fort  Oglethorpe. 

On  August  26,  1917,  he  was  made  permanent  colonel.  Regular  Army,  and  on  November  2d 
was  ordered  to  France,  upon  his  arrival  being  assigned  Inspector  General  of  Lines  of  Communication. 
He  remained  on  that  duty  until  the  12th  of  February,  when,  becoming  a  brigadier-general,  he  was 
placed  in  command  of  the  41st  (1st  Depot)  Division.  On  the  third  of  August,  1918.  he  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  63d  Infantry  Brigade,  joining  the  nexi  day.  and  was  in  the  second  Battle 
of  the  Marne.  He  remained  with  this  brigade  until  the  26th  of  August  when,  having  become  a 
major-general,  he  was  given  the  command  of  the  77th  Division. 

He  joined  the  77th  Division  on  the  27th  of  August  and  commanded  it  through  its  campaigns 
and  the  armistice.  On  the  9th  of  November,  two  days  before  the  cessation  of  hostilities,  he  was 
slightly  wounded  by  the  fragment  of  a  shell  that  landed  in  front  of  his  headquarters  in  Raucourt. 

In  the  front  line  General  Alexander  was  a  famihar  figure  to  the  Doughboys.  He  always  visited 
the  front  fine  during  the  fighting  and  would  encourage  the  men  verbally  as  well  as  by  his  presence. 
On  March  7th  last  he  was  awarded  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross,  the  citation  reading  as  follows: 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Grand  Pre,  France.  October  11,  1918.  During 
the  advance  in  the  Argonne  Forest  and  at  a  time  when  his  forces  were  fatigued  by  the  stress 
of  battle  and  a  long  period  of  active  front  line  service,  Major-General  .Alexander  visited  the 
units  in  the  front  line,  cheering  and  encouraging  them  to  greater  efforts.  L  nmindful  of  the 
severe  fire  to  which  he  was  subjected  he  continued  until  he  had  inspected  each  group.  His 
utter  disregard  of  danger  and  inspiring  example  resulted  in  the  crossing  of  the  Aire  and  the 
capture  of  Grand  Pre  and  St.  Juvin." 


[162 


M\,l()H-(iKNP:RAL  J.  FIVWKIJN   BKLL 

JAMES  FRANKLIN  BELL  was  a  major-general  in  the  Regular  Army  of  the  United  States, 
commanding  the  Department  of  the  East,  with  headquarters  at  Governors  Island,  New  York, 
at  the  time  of  his  death,  January,  1919.  He  entered  West  Point  in  1871  and  graduated 
in  1878,  with  a  commission  as  Ueutenant  of  cavalry. 

General  Bell's  venerable  figure,  as  he  addressed  the  ofTicers  and  the  men  of  the  newly  formed 
77th  Division  at  Camp  LIpton  in  September  and  the  ensuing  months  of  training,  will  be  remembered 
among  the  first  impressions  of  a  fife  strange  and  full  of  new  conditions. 

General  Bell  commanded  the  Division  when  the  first  newly  appointed  officers  climbed  the  hill 
and  reported  to  their  first  assignment,  through  that  formative  stage  when  barracks  were  thrown 
together  at  a  miraculous  speed  and  being  filled  at  the  same  rate.  Then,  in  December,  he  sailed 
for  France  under  orders  to  make  a  tour  of  the  front  and  observe  first  hand  actual  fighting  conditions. 
He  did  not  return  until  the  latter  part  of  March,  1918. 

On  his  return,  when  he  was  given  that  physical  examination  which  active  service  overseas 
required,  it  was  found  that  he  was  not  ecjual  to  the  severe  test. 

It  was  on  the  western  prairies  that  he  first  saw  active  service,  with  the  7th  Cavalry,  "Custer's 
Crack  Regiment."  With  this  regiment  he  participated  in  the  battle  of  Wounded  Knee,  North 
Dakota,  and  against  the  Sioux  Indians.  For  a  decade  he  led  the  active  life  of  the  plains.  Later 
he  became  an  instructor  and  Chief  of  the  Army  War  Colleges  located  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Spanish-American  War,  he  was  acting  as  adjutant  to  General  Forsyth, 
then  commanding  the  Department  of  the  West,  with  headquarters  at  San  Francisco.  He  was 
immediately  commissioned  Colonel  of  Volunteers,  and  authorized  to  organize  a  regiment.  This 
he  successfully  and  quickly  did  and  it  was  ordered  to  the  Philippines.  LTnder  his  command  the 
regiment  rendered  valuable  services  against  the  insurgents. 

His  service  in  the  Philippines  won  General  Bell  high  distinction,  and  after  a  lapse  of  but  a  few 
months  he  was  promoted  from  his  commission  of  captain  in  the  Regular  Army  to  brigadier-general 
in  the  Regular  Army,  outranking  many  officers  previously  his  senior.  Most  notable  of  his  numerous 
engagements  with  the  insurgents  was  that  near  Porac  in  the  Island  of  Luzon,  in  which  he  was 
wounded  while  leading  a  charge.  For  his  action  here  he  was  awarded  the  Congressional  Medal 
of  Honor,  for  gallantry  in  action. 


[163 


WTien,  in  1905.  he  returned  to  the  I'nited  States  he  was  commissioned  major-general,  and  in 
the  spring  of  1907  was  appointed  Chief  of  the  Army  (General  Staff.  As  such  he  served  for  four 
years,  under  Presidents  Roosevelt  and  Taft. 

When  the  I'nited  States  military  forces  concentrated  in  the  Philippines  he  returned  to  Manila 
and  remained  there  as  Commander-in-Chief  until  war  with  Mexico  seemed  imminent.  He  was 
then  ordered  home  to  take  command  of  the  4th  Division.  The  4th  Division  remained  in  Texas 
City  as  reser\e.  and  although  at  .several  times  seemed  about  to  cross  the  Rio  Grande,  was  never 
a  part  of  the  expeditionary  force. 

.\fter  the  Mexican  situation  quieted.  General  Rell  was  relieved  of  the  4th  Division  and  placed 
in  command  of  the  Department  of  the  West.  Here  at  San  Francisco,  where  he  had  been  acting 
adjutant,  he  remained  the  commander  until  America  entered  the  Great  War. 

In  the  early  spring  of  1917  he  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the  East,  and  as  com- 
mander of  that  department,  became  responsible  for  the  First  Officers'  Training  Camps,  at  Plattsburg. 
Madison  Barracks  and  Fort  Niagara.  These  camps,  in  August,  1917.  graduated  the  great  quota 
of  new  officers  who  were  to  be  a  part  of  the  new  National  Army,  and  to  a  large  extent  to  officer 
the  new  divisions  of  the  east  and  northeast. 

In  the  same  month  he  was  oflered  and  promptly  accepted  the  command  of  the  National  Army 
Divi.sion  to  be  organized  at  Camp  Upton.  When  the  doctors  decreed  that  Generad  Bell  would  not 
take  his  division  to  France,  he  was  again  given  command  of  the  Department  of  the  East,  and 
returned  to  his  old  headquarters.  Governors  Island,  which  command  he  held  until  his  death.  Jan- 
uarv.  1919. 


[  164 


major-gkm;iul  (.i^ohi.i;  h.  duncan 

MAJOR-GENERAL  GEORGE  R.  DUNCAN  commanded  the  77th  Division  from  May  10. 
1918,  after  its  arrival  in  France,  tluough  the  training  period  with  the  Rritish,  the  Raccarat 
sector,  and  the  first  days  on  the  Vesle,  until  August  28,  1918,  at  which  time  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  82d  Division. 

General  Duncan  was  born  in  Kentucky,  and  is  a  graduate  of  the  United  States  Military  Academy, 
West  Point,  of  the  year  1886.     He  has  been  an  infantry  officer  through  the  grades  including  colonel. 

During  the  Spanish-American  War  he  served  in  front  of  Santiago,  Cuba,  in  Porto  Rico,  and 
in  the  Philippines.  He  was  the  only  American  officer  who  saw  active  service  on  all  these  fronts 
before  the  conclusion  of  peace  with  Spain.  His  service  in  France  has  been  unique  in  that  he  was 
with  the  French  in  the  August,  1917,  offensive  of  Verdun,  with  the  1st  Division  at  Montdidier, 
and  commanded  a  division  in  the  American  1st  Army  offensive  of  November,  1918. 

Following  the  war  with  Spain  he  served  three  years  in  the  Philippines  in  the  suppression  of 
the  insurrection.  Later  he  conmianded  a  battalion  of  Philippine  Scouts,  and  was  finally  placed 
at  the  head  of  the  Philippine  Scouts,  an  organization  of  over  five  thousand  men.  In  all,  his  services 
in  the  Philippines  totalled  nine  years. 

In  1912  he  graduated  from  the  Army  War  College,  and  in  1914  was  detailed  on  the  General 
Staff.  Again,  in  1916,  he  was  detailed  as  a  member  of  the  War  Department  Rranch  of  the  General 
Staff,  on  which  he  was  serving  when  the  1st  Division  was  being  formed  for  service  in  France.  He 
requested  a  regiment  in  this  division  and  was  given  command  of  the  26th  Infantry.  He  came 
with  it  to  France  in  June,  1917. 

In  August,  1917,  he  was  promoted  brigadier-general  and  assigned  to  the  1st  Rrigade  of  the 
1st  Division.  He  participated  in  the  great  French  offensive  at  Verdun  in  1917  with  one  of  the 
attacking  regiments,  the  94th  Regiment  of  the  (luard.  There  he  was  awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre, 
the  first  decoration  of  this  class  given  to  an  American  officer  after  our  entry  in  the  war. 

General  Duncan  commanded  the  1st  Rrigade  in  the  Toul  sector,  the  first  American  Rrigade 
to  enter  a  front  line  sector,  in  January,  1918.  In  April,  the  1st  Division  was  transferred  to  the 
Montdidier  sector  where  the  1st  Rrigade  under  General  Duncan  was  the  first  American  brigade 
to  take  its  place  on  the  big  battle  front.  While  on  this  front,  General  Duncan  was  promoted  to 
major-general  and  assigned  to  the  77th  Division,  then  arriving  in  France. 


165 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  E\  AN  IMALBONE  JOHNSON 

BRIGADIER-GENERAL  EVAN  IMALBONE  JOHNSON,  whose  name  is  well  identified  with 
the  77th  Division,  was  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  September  26,  1861,  the  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Evan  Malbone  Johnson,  Jr.  He  was  educated  at  the  Alexander  Military  Institute, 
White  Plains,  N.  Y.;  Brooklyn  Polytechnic  Institute,  New  York;  Pennsylvania  Military  College; 
Infantry  and  Cavaliy  School,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans. ;  and  a  graduate  of  the  Army  War  College, 
Washington. 

Having  chosen  a  miUtary  career.  General  Johnson  began  to  work  up  from  the  bottom,  and 
enlisted  in  Company  F,  10th  U.  S.  Infantry  June  11,  1882.  He  served  as  private,  corporal  and 
sergeant  and  was  commissioned  a  second-lieutenant  in  the  10th  Infantry  in  August,  1885.  There- 
after promotions  came  rapidly  to  (ieneral  Johnson  and  on  June  28,  1892,  he  was  made  a  first- 
Ueutenant  and  re-assigned  to  the  19th  U.  S.  Infantry.  March  2,  1899,  found  him  promoted  to 
captain,  and  three  months  later  of  the  same  year  he  attained  the  rank  of  major  in  the  29th  U.  S. 
\'olunteer  Infantry.  Later  he  was  transferred  to  the  8th  U.  S.  Infantry,  where  he  remained  until 
the  year  of  1914,  when  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Ueutenant-colonel.  July.  1916,  found 
General  Johnson  a  colonel,  commanding  the  5th  U.  S.  Infantry.  He  was  made  a  brigadier-general 
on  August  5,  1917,  and  assigned  to  the  77th  Division  at  Camp  Upton. 

The  mUitary  Ufe  of  General  Johnson  was  filled  with  many  activities,  he  having  served  in  nearly 
every  branch  of  the  service.  He  took  an  active  part  in  the  campaign  against  the  Apache  Indians 
in  New  Mexico  and  Arizona  in  1895  and  three  years  later  found  him  in  the  Spanish-American  War. 
At  the  conclusion  of  the  war  with  Spain  he  commanded  the  Province  of  Adjuntas,  from  which  post 
he  was  transferred  to  the  field  of  activities  in  the  Philippine  insurrection,  1899.  General  Johnson 
was  also  in  the  expedition  against  General  Tinnio  in  the  provinces  of  L^nion  and  Benguet  and  figured 
prominently  in  the  expedition  against  Cailles  in  the  province  of  Lagona.  Eight  weeks  later  he 
successfully  led  a  campaign  against  the  insurgents  of  the  Island  of  Tablas,  District  of  Romblon. 
In  1914  he  commanded  the  19th  U.  S.  Infantry  in  the  ex-pedition  to  Vera  Cruz,  where  he  remained 
until  the  withdraw  al  of  American  troops. 

As  commander  of  the  154th  Infantry  Brigade  he  participated  in  the  war  against  the  Central 
European  powers  and  figured  prominently  in  many  of  the  organization's  battles.  On  October  30, 
1918,  General  Johnson  was  ordered  to  take  command  of  the  158th  Infantry  Brigade.  79th  Division, 
with  which  organization  he  remained  until  the  European  war  ended. 

[166  1 


When  General  Bell,  then  commanding  the  77th  Division  at  Camp  Upton,  was  ordered  to 
command  the  Department  of  the  East,  the  post  of  Division  Commander  fell  to  General  Johnson ; 
and  it  was  he  who  brought  the  organization  to  France.  This  post  he  held  from  December  1,  1917, 
until  May  10,  1918. 

In  Argonne  woods  he  personally  led  an  attack  to  reUeve  Major  Whittlesey's  battalion. 

General  Johnson  has  also  seen  service  in  the  other  branches  of  the  miUtary  service.  He  was 
professor  of  Military  Science  and  Tactics  at  Mount  Union  College,  1891  to  1894;  civil  governor  of 
Province  of  Ramblon,  P.  I.,  from  March  to  October  in  the  year  of  1901;  Inspector-instructor  of  the 
Organized  Militia  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey  from  1911  to  1912;  on  duty  in  office  of  chief  of  staff 
in  Washington,  D.  C,  1912  to  1914.  He  was  editor  of  the  "Infantry  Journal"  and  Secretary  of 
the  United  States  Infantry  Association  from  1912  to  1914,  and  medaHst  of  the  Military  Service 
Institution  in  1905.  He  is  a  member  of  the  MiUtary  Order,  Loyal  Legion  U.  S.  Army,  Sons  of  the 
American  Revolution,  Society  of  the  Descendents  of  Colonial  Governors,  Alpha  Tau  Omega  and 
Masonic  fraternities. 


167] 


CITATIONS 

Received  by  the  77th  Division 


(Translation)  HQ.,  August  1,  1918. 

6th  Army  Corps 

Staff 

1st  Section  GENERAL  ORDER  No.  57 

No.  3.075/1 

After  holding  the  sector  of  Baccarat  for  nearly  two  months,  the  77th  American  Infantry 
Division  is  leaving  to  enter  in  its  turn  the  zone  of  future  great  battles. 

I  wish  to  express  to  this  Division  my  complete  satisfaction  with  its  conduct,  its  discipline,  its 
zeal  in  battle,  and  with  the  services  which  it  has  rendered  in  the  defense  of  our  line.  I  wish  to 
express  my  sincere  gratitude  to  its  distinguished  commander,  General  Duncan,  whose  splendid 
military  qualities  I  have  already  appreciated  at  Montdidier.  I  desire  to  thank  at  the  same  time 
all  the  officers  under  his  orders  for  their  devoted  assistance. 

We  are  happy  to  have  been  able  to  give  a  proof  of  our  heartfelt  sentiments  as  brothers-in-arms 
by  celebrating  with  our  American  comrades,  with  a  common  spirit  and  a  common  feeling,  the 
National  Holidays  of  our  two  countries.  The  remembrance  of  this  will  tighten  the  bonds  which 
unite  us  to  the  77th  Division. 

Our  best  and  most  sincere  wishes  accompany  this  fine  Division.  We  see  it  go  with  a  feeling 
of  certainty  that  it  will  continue  in  the  glorious  paths  which  the  vahant  American  troops  have 
opened,  and  that  it  will  gain  new  laurels  for  the  American  flag,  to  the  immortal  glory  of  the  United 
States. 

(Signed)         Duport. 


HEADQUARTERS  77th  DIVISION 
AMEmcAN  E.  F. 

28th  September,  1918. 
General  Order 

No.  27 

1.  It  has  come  within  the  knowledge  of  the  Division  Commander  that  during  the  operations 
of  the  27th  inst.  a  party  of  Boche  who  had  presumably  surrendered,  having  held  up  their  hands 
and  called  "Kamerad,"  later  produced  hand  grenades  and  made  use  of  them  with  serious  losses  to 
the  unit  to  whom  they  had  ostensibly  surrendered.  This  barbaric  lack  of  faith  is  well  known  to 
exist  and  to  be  encouraged  among  our  enemies.  Troops  will  therefore  exercise  the  utmost  precaution 
and  are  fully  justified  in  taking  the  most  extreme  measures  to  prevent  a  recurrence  of  this  incident. 

It  is  not  intended  by  this  to  countenance  or  authorize  the  murder  of  prisoners  who  have  in 
good  faith  surrendered,  but  the  troops  of  this  command  owe  a  duty  to  themselves  and  to  their 
country  in  the  way  of  taking  every  possible  precaution  so  that  on  the  one  hand  prisoners  who  are 
captured  are  securely  held,  and  on  the  other,  the  troops  making  the  capture  are  safe-guarded  against 
treacherous  assaults  of  this  nature. 

In  the  heat  of  combat  each  individual  man  must  determine  for  himself  as  to  whether  an  enemy 
who  ostensibly  surrenders  has  actually  surrendered  or  not,  and  the  primary  duty  of  the  troops  or 
individual  making  the  capture  is  to  assure  himself  whether  the  capture  is  bona  fide,  and  for  this 
purpose  the  most  extreme  measures  are  fully  justified. 

2.  It  has  further  come  within  the  knowledge  of  the  Division  Commander  that  in  the  case  of 
the  operations  of  the  27th  inst.  a  body  of  troops  which  had  gained  important  territory  was  with- 
drawn therefrom  by  some  unauthorized  person  in  the  rear  directing  them  to  retire.  This  incident, 
well  established  in  itself,  is  now  in  process  of  investigation  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the 
individual  responsible  for  giving  such  an  order. 

1169] 


It  is  again  impressed  upon  every  officer  and  man  of  this  command  that  ground  once  captured 
must  under  no  circumstances  be  given  up  in  the  absence  of  direct,  positive  and  formal  orders  to 
do  so  emanating  from  these  headquarters.  Troops  occupying  ground  must  be  supported  against 
counter-attack  and  all  gains  held.  It  is  a  favorite  trick  of  the  Boche  to  spread  confusion  among 
our  troops  by  caUing  out  "Retire"  or  "Fall  back."  If,  in  action,  any  such  command  is  heard 
officers  and  men  may  be  sure  that  it  is  given  by  an  enemy.  Whoever  gives  such  a  command  is  a 
traitor  and  it  is  the  duty  of  any  officer  or  man  who  is  loyal  to  his  country  and  who  hears  such  an 
order  given  to  shoot  the  offender  upon  the  spot.    WE  ARE  NOT  GOING  BACK  BUT  FORWARD ! 

Robert  Alexander, 
Distribution  "  D  " :  Major-General  Commanding, 

down  to  and  including 
Company  Commanders. 


P.  C.  77th  DIVISION 

3d  October,  1918. 
General  Order 
No.  29 

1.  The  following  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned.  The  Division  Commander 
desires  that  this  communication  be  brought  to  the  attention  of  every  member  of  the  command  at 
the  earliest  practicable  moment: 

"729/G-3 

ADVANCED  HEADQUARTERS  FIRST  ARMY  CORPS 

October  2,  1918. 
From  Commanding  General,  1st  Army  Corps,  U.  S. 
To  Commanding  General,  77th  Division,  U.  S. 
Subject:   Commendation. 

1.  The  Corps  Commander  has  directed  me  to  extend  to  you  and  to  the  entire  77th  Division 
a  most  cordial  expression  of  his  gratification  at  the  steady  solid  progress  made  since  the  beginning 
of  the  operation  now  under  way. 

2.  The  difficulties  of  terrain  are  fully  understood  and  the  amount  of  ground  gained  is  noticeable, 
while  your  supplies  and  communications  are  thoroughly  satisfactory. 

3.  Individual  cases  of  special  merit  should  be  brought  promptly  to  the  attention  of  these 
headquarters  for  suitable  recognition  without  waiting  for  a  complete  list  after  the  operations  are 
completed. 

By  command  of  Major-General  LIGGETT. 
Malin  Craig, 
Chief  of  Staff." 

By  command  of  Major-General  ALEXANDER. 
J.  R.  R.  Hannay, 
Chief  of  Staff. 

[170] 


p.  C.  77th  DIVISION 

General  Order  12th  October,  1918. 

No.  32 

1.     The  following  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned: 

"804/G3 

ADVANCED  HEADQUARTERS  FIRST  ARMY  CORPS 

From  Commanding  General,  1st  Army  Corps,  U.  S.  October  12,  1918. 

To  Commanding  General,  77th  Division,  U.  S. 
Subject:   Commendation. 

1.  The  Corps  Commander  directs  me  to  inform  you  that  he  feels  once  more  during  the  present 
operations  called  upon  to  express  his  gratification  and  appreciation  of  the  work  of  the  77th  Division. 

2.  This  Division  has  been  in  the  line  constantly  since  the  night  of  the  25th  of  September 
under  circumstances  at  least  as  difTicult  as  those  which  have  confronted  any  other  division  of  the 
1st  Army. 

3.  In  spite  of  these  conditions  your  command  has  pushed  steadily  forward  on  a  line  with  the 
foremost,  and  to-day  after  eighteen  days  of  constant  fighting  is  still  ready  to  respond  to  any  demand 
made  upon  it. 

4.  The  Corps  Commander  is  proud  indeed  of  such  a  unit  as  yours  and  congratulates  you  on 
such  a  command. 

Malin  Craig, 
Chief  of  Staff." 

Ry  command  of  Major-General  ALEXANDER. 
C.  0.  Sherrill, 
Distribution  "  D '" :  Chief  of  Staff. 

Down  to  include 
Company  Commanders. 


HEADQUARTERS  77th  DIVISION 
American  E.  F. 
General  Orders  1 1th  October.  1918. 

No. — 

1.  The  Division  Commander  congratulates  most  heartily  the  troops  of  this  Division  upon 
the  successful  result  of  the  operations  of  the  14th  of  October.  A  difficult  night  march  was  involved 
to  place  the  153d  Brigade  in  the  proper  position  for  attack,  which  march  was  accomplished,  the 
attack  made  and  the  objective  set  for  the  day's  effort  successfully  reached.  In  the  course  of  the 
operations  a  large  number  of  prisoners,  including  officers  of  superior  rank,  were  taken  by  the  153d 
Brigade. 

This  success,  coming  as  it  does  in  the  course  of  a  campaign  which  has  already  lasted  eighteen 
days,  made  under  circumstances  which  have  tested  to  the  limit  the  skill,  courage  and  endurance 
of  officers  and  men,  demonstrates  once  more  the  indomitable  spirit  and  courage  of  this  Division. 
The  Division  Commander,  reiterating  the  commendation  already  twice  made  by  the  Corps  Com- 
mander of  the  work  of  this  organization,  feels  that  it  is  indeed  an  honor  to  him  to  command  such 

Robert  Alexander, 
D'  t  "h  t'      "n"-  Major-General  Commanding. 

Down  to  include  Companies. 

[  171  1 


HEADQUARTERS  77th  DIVISION 
American  E.  F. 
General  Orders  6th  November,  1918. 

No.  36 

1.     The  following  is  published  for  the  information  of  this  Command: 

"984/G3 

HEADQUARTERS  1st  ARMY  CORPS 

November  6,  1918. 
"From  C.  G.,  1st  Army  Corps,  U.  S. 
To  C.  G..  77th  Division.  U.  S. 

Subject:  Commendation. 

"  1.  The  following  telegram  just  received  from  the  Commanding  General,  1st  Army,  is  repeated 
for  your  information: 

"WiDEWiNG,  November  5-6, 
Commanding  General,  1st  Corps. 

Number  238  sec  G  S  period.  The  army  commander  desires  that  you  be  informed  of  his  full 
appreciation  of  the  excellent  work  done  by  your  corps  during  the  last  three  days'  period.  He  reaUzes 
fully  the  special  efforts  exerted  and  spirit  that  has  prompted  the  troops  of  your  command  during 
these  operations  period.  The  rapidity  of  the  advance  notwithstanding  hostile  opposition  has  been 
remarkable  and  prevented  the  enemy  from  reorganizing  period.  The  result  has  been  to  force  the 
enemy  back  on  his  whole  front  period.  The  army  commander  desires  that  you  transmit  his  con- 
gratulations and  appreciations  to  the  troops  of  your  command  for  this  work.  Drum." 

"2.  To  the  foregoing  the  Corps  Commander  desires  to  record  his  warm  congratulations  and 
appreciation  of  the  work  done  by  the  Divisions  of  the  Corps. 

"3.  He  desires  that  the  foregoing  commendation  be  communicated  to  all  concerned,  including 
especially  the  engineers,  signalmen,  supply  and  labor  troops,  without  whose  splendid  efforts  the 
results  obtained  could  not  have  been  accomplished. 

By  command  of  Major-General  DICKMAN. 
Malin  Craig, 
Chief  of  Staff." 


2.  In  publishing  the  above  high  commendation  for  the  work  done  by  the  officers  and  men 
of  the  1st  Army  Corps,  I  wish  to  express  my  personal  gratification  for  the  untiring  and  successful 
efforts  made  by  all  officers  and  men  of  this  Division,  especially  since  this  Division  alone  remains 
in  the  Une  of  those  present  at  the  beginning  of  the  general  operation  November  1st.  In  the  face  of 
the  greatest  difficulties  caused  by  continuous  rain,  enemy  demolitions,  and  active  resistance,  this 
Division  has  pushed  forward  magnificently,  overcoming  all  obstacles  met  in  our  advance.  It  is 
no  exaggeration  to  say  that  this  Division  has  taken  more  ground  and  material  from  the  enemy 
since  September  26th  than  any  other  Division  in  the  American  Army,  and  probably  more  than 
any  other  Division  in  any  Allied  army  in  this  period.  Without  the  most  strenuous  exertions  and 
the  most  loyal  co-operation  on  the  part  of  the  entire  Division — officers  and  men — the  results  secured 
would  have  been  impossible. 

3.  I  desire  especially  to  commend  the  conduct  of  the  attached  units,  viz. :  12th  Aero  Squadron ; 
2d  Balloon  Company,  Co.  G,  53d  Pioneers,  and  the  506  S.  S.  I^.  Section. 

Robert  Alexander, 
Major-General  Commanding. 
Distribution:   Down  to  Companies. 

[  172  ] 


HFADQIIARTERS,  77th  DIVISION 
American  E.  F. 

November  10,  1918. 
General  Orders  No.  37. 

1.  The  following  (General  Order  of  the  1st  Army  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  con- 
cerned : 

"After  constant  fighting  for  over  one  month,  the  First  American  Army  launched  an  attack 
against  the  German  Army  which  had  established  itself  for  determined  resistance.  In  five  days  it 
had  penetrated  25  kilometers  and  had  driven  the  enemy  in  retreat  before  it.  Its  briUiant  success. 
in  connection  with  the  4th  French  Army  on  its  left,  forced  the  Germans  to  retreat  on  a  broad  front. 
This  Army  has  fought  and  marched  and  endured  the  rigors  of  campaign  with  the  most  superb 
indifference  to  everything  except  the  determination  to  go  forward  and  imprint  upon  the  enemy 
the  mark  of  its  courage  and  resolutions. 

All  arms  and  services  of  those  in  advance  who  smashed  the  way,  including  those  in  the  air 
who  rendered  aggressive  and  meritorious  service,  and  those  in  the  rear  who,  by  their  untiring 
industry  made  possible  the  continued  advance,  are  worthy  of  the  highest  praise  and  gratitude  of 
their  admiring  country.  The  Army  Commander  is  proud  of  such  an  Army;  he  thanks  it  for  the 
splendid  results  already  achieved  and  looks  with  confidence  to  the  still  greater  successes  that  lie 
before  it." 

By  command  of  Major-General  ALEXANDER. 
C.  0.  Sherrill, 
Colonel,  G.  S.,  Chief  of  Staff. 
Official:— 
Louis  D.  Gerow, 
Adjutant-General,  Division  Adjutant. 


HEADQUARTERS  77th  DIVISION 
American  E.  F. 

March  26,  1919. 
General  Orders  No.  23. 

1.  The  following  letter  received  from  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  American  l']xpeditionary 
Forces  is  published  for  the  information  of  the  command : 

"American  Expeditionary  Forces 
Office  of  the  Commander-in-Chief 

France,  March  21,  1919. 
Major-General  Rohert  Alexander, 
Commanding  77th  Division, 

A.  E.  F.,  Sable-sur-Sarthe. 

My  dear  Genersd  Alexander: 

It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  extend  to  you  and  the  officers  and  men  of  the  77th  Division  my 
compliments  upon  their  splendid  work  while  in  France. 

Arriving  in  April,  1918,  their  training  with  the  British  was  interrupted,  and  by  the  end  of 
June  the  Division  was  in  a  quiet  part  of  the  line  near  Baccarat,  thus  releasing  veteran  divisions 
for  the  active  battle.  After  slightly  more  than  a  month's  experience  here,  it  went  into  the  Oise- 
Aisne  offensive  from  August  12th  until  September  16th,  advancing  against  strong  opposition  for 
12  kilometers  from  near  the  Ourcq  River,  crossing  the  Vesle,  to  a  position  a  little  west  of  the 
Aisne  River.  In  the  Meuse-Argonne  offensive,  in  which  it  took  part  from  September  26th  to 
October  16th,  and  from  October  31st  to  November  11th,  it  had  to  advance  through  the  exceedingly 
difficult  terrain  of  the  Argonne  Forest.     It  finally  woiked  its  way  22  kilometers  to  the  north  edge 

[173  1 


of  the  forest  and  captured  Grand  Pre.  From  November  1st  to  November  7th,  the  Division  advanced 
37J4  kilometers  from  the  Aire  to  the  Meuse,  capturing  ChampigneuUe,  Buzancy  and  all  towns  and 
heights  on  the  west  of  the  Meuse  within  the  divisional  sector. 

It  was  gratifying  to  see  your  troops  in  such  good  physical  shape,  but  still  more  so  to  know 
that  the  moral  tone  of  all  ranks  is  so  high.  I  am  sure  that  they  will  carry  this  high  standard  back 
into  whatever  tasks  lie  before  them  when  they  return  to  civil  life. 

I  want  the  officers  and  men  of  the  77th  Division  to  know  how  much  they  have  contributed  to 
the  success  of  our  Armies.  They  should  go  home  justly  proud  of  the  gratitude  of  the  Allies  with 
whom  they  have  fought  and  conscious  of  the  admiration  of  their  fellows  throughout  the  American 
Expeditionary  Forces. 

^  ery  sincerely  yours, 

(Signed)        John  J.  Pershing." 

2.     This  order  will  be  read  to  the  command  at  the  next  formation  after  its  receipt. 

Robert  Alexander, 
Major-General,  U.  S.  Army,  Commanding. 
Official:— 
Louis  D.  Gerow, 

Adjutant-General,  Division  Adjutant. 
Distribution:   Down  to  Companies. 


I  171  ] 


CITATIONS 

Received  by  Officers  and  Men  of  the  77th  Division 

DIVISION  HEADQUARTERS 


Name 

R  ANK — Organization 

Address 

Place  of  Action 

Date 

Lt.-Col.,  G.  S 

Lt.-Col.,  G-1 

Lt.-Col.,  Div.  Surg.. . 
1st  Lt.,Aide  de  Camp 
Sgt.  Maj.,  Enl.  Det.. 

Sgt.,  Enl.  Det 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Enl.Det. 
Pvt.,lstCl.,Enl.Det. 

11/  3/18 

11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
12/20/18 

Kerr  R.  W. 

Middletown   R   I. 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Paul,  J.  E. 

McGrath,  B 

Aisne  (twice) 

Argonne 

Huddelson,  C.  V 

Post,  E 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Trenton,  N.J 

12/20/18 
12/20/18 

154th  RRIGADE  HEADQUARTERS,  INFANTRY 


Campbell,  D. 


Maj.,  Brig.  M.G.  Of'r 


Cold  Springs,  N.  Y. 


Vesle . 


1/10/19 


305th  INFANTRY 


Harris,  D.  G 

Calahan,  L.  J 

Gardner,  A.  W . .  .  . 

Bernstein,  M 

Bayer,  F.  H 

Blohm,  J 

CoUins,  R.  L 

McGinnity,  W 

McGlinchey,  W.  J. 

Rae,  T 

Schwarz,  F.  R 

Sheehey,  G 

Sutherland,  J 

Tompkins,  H 

Ascher,  O 

Babbitt,  G 

Colli,  L 

Di  Gregario,  J 

Humphreys,  W.  J.. 

Neitzeit,  I 

Oelschlager,  C.  A. . 

Shagaon,  L 

White,  W.J 

Lindner,  A.  S 

Arkman,  F 

Best,  E.  G 

Ceccarelli,  H 

Clementson,  H.  B. . 

Cotter,  A.  C 

Coyne,  J.J 

Crandall,  R.  L 

Crook,  E.  L 


Maj 

1st  Lt,  M.  C 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  E 

Bn.  Sgt.  Maj,  Hq.  Co 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  A 

Sgt 

Sgt.,  Co.  A 

Sgt.,  Co.  G 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Corpl.,  Co.  K 

Corpl.,  Co.  I 

Corpl.,  Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs  Co   .  . 

Corpl.,  Co.  L 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co.. 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 
IM.,  lstCl.,Hdq.Co. 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 


New  York  City 

Manchester  Center,  Vt 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Bridgeport,  Conn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Scotland 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Chicago,  111 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Washington,  D.  C 

New  York  City 

Wappinges  Falls,  N.  Y. 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.Y 

Bellingham,  Minn 

New  York  City 

Italy 

Eagle  Bend,  Minn 

New  Bedford,  Mass. .  .  . 

Orange,  N.  J 

Peva,  Utah 

Mission,  Tex 


Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Aisne  and  Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 


11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 

1/  4/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/  4/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/  4/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/  4/19 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 


[175] 


305lh  INFANTRY— Continued 


Name 

Rank—  Organization 

Address 

Place  of  Action 

Date 

Fascella,  M 

Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Bridgehampton,  N.  Y 

Schaghticoke,  N.  Y 

Argonne 

11/23/18 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

1/  4/19 

Hess  W   H 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pv-t.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

11/23/18 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

11/23/18 

CoUins  Center,  N.  Y 

11/23/18 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Argonne 

11/23/18 

Murph\   W   P 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  I 

11/23/18 

Rehn  E 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Aisne 

1/  4/19 

Scott  R. 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

11/23/18 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Myers,  N.Y 

11/23/18 

."JOeth  INFANTRY 


Vidmer,  G 

Benjamin,  J.  A. 
Thacher,  A.  G. . 


Adler,  J.  O 

Ellsworth,  B 

Patterson,  R.  P. . . 

Wolff,  A.  M 

Butler,  J.  S 

Dunne,  T.  J 

Harkins,  M.  J..  .  . 

Hayes,  M.  J 

O'Brien,  C 

Sutherland,  W.  J. 
Arnold,  \V.  H. 

Berknian,  R 

Bissell,  H.  G 

Blazer,  R.  R 

Chynoweth,  J.  B. 

Dennison.  C.  S. . . 
De  Witt,  R.  E... 

Henry,  J 

Kelly,  E.H 

Painter,  O.  C 

Roth,  P.  K 

Beatty,  G.  W. 
Campbell,  T.  F. 

Freeman,  P 

Godbout,  F.  J. 

Gold,  B 

Hofman,  G 

Malec,  H.  L 

Robinsky,  C.  A. 

Stang,  G 

Wurster,  W.  L. . . 
Benson,  R.  L. . . . 

Boriskin,  J 

Carroll,  P.  J 

Desmond,  W.  F. . 

Dolan,  P.  A 

Guckert,  H.  T. . . 


Col 

Lt.-Col. 
Maj... 

Capt. .  . 


Capt 

Capt 

Capt 

1st  Lt 

Chaplain 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  C. 

1st  Lt 

2dLt.,  Co.  H 

2dLt. 

2dLt 

2d  Lt 


2dLt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

Sgt.,  Med.  Corps.  .  . 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

1st  Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  H 

Sgt.,  Co.  C 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. . 

Sgt.,  Co.  M 

Sgt.,  M.  G.  Co.      . 

Corpl.,  Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  H 

Corpl.,  Co.  H 

Corpl.,  Co.  K 


Washington,  D.  C. 

Garrison,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City .  .  . 


New  York  City 

Glenns  Falls,  N.  Y.... 

New  York  City 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Prondeon  Lake,  N.  H. 

Cleveland,  Ohio 

Wilkes  Barre,  Pa 

No  Address 

No  Address 

No  Address 

Claremont,  Calif 

Belait,  Wis 

Houghton,  Mich 


Mo. 


Denver,  Col. 
Kansas  City, 

No  Address 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Denver,  Col 

New  York  City 

Bryn  Mawr,  Pa 

Lawrence,  Mass 

New  York  City 

Inwood,  L.  I 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklj-n,  N.Y 

Yonkers,  N.Y 

HigUand,  N.  Y 

Brooklj-n,  N.  Y 

NewRochelle,  N.  Y.. 
So.  Weymouth,  Mass. 

Cox.sackie.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 


Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne,  11/17/18  & 

Argonne 

Vesle  and  Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Baccarat,  Vesle, 
Argonne,  Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle,  Argonne.  .  .  . 

Argonne 

Vesle,  Aisne 

Argonne 

Baccarat 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 


11/30/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/14/18 
11/23/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 

11/20/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/30/18 
11/14/18 
8/  2/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
lO/H/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/14/18 
11/30/18 
11/14/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/14/18 


[176 


306th  INFANTRY— Continued 


Name 


Raivk — Organization 


Address 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


MacDonald,  J.  J. . 

McCrane,  W 

McPherson,  H 

Stitch,  Henry  J. . . . 

Yamin,  H 

Zielinski,  V.  P 

MeClenehan,  W.  J 

Rappaport,  S 

Alger,  G.  H 

Arsenault,  T 

Bartsch,  J.  G 

Buchfelder,  J 

Burdick,  B.  W 

Butler,  J 

Carson,  G.  R 

Corkrean,  W.  H.    . 

Goddard,  O 

Hoffmire,  O.  H. .. . 

Johnson,  C.  I 

Nolan,  J.  M 

Powell,  A.  T 

Sloane,  C 

Stouke,  F 

Terpenning,  T.  B. . 

Brown,  F.  J 

Ferretti,  J 

Graham,  T 

Heinrichs,  A 

James,  G 

Mittenhuber,  G. . . 

McEver,  J 

Peters,  C 

PoU,  I 

Rapuzzi,  E 

Stoniersky,  I 

Stranvold,  I 

Sullivan,  G 

Sullivan,  J 

Tietelbaum,  B 

Tucholka,  J.  L. . . . 
Vercruyrvessi,  J.. . 
Zapke,  W 


Corpl..  Co.  E 

Corpl.,  Co.  M 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  M 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 

Corpl.,  Co.  H 

Mec,  Co.  H 

Mec,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  G.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H 
Pvt.,  1st  CL,  Co.  H 
Pvt.,  IstCl.,  Co.  M.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  San.  Det 
Pvt.,  lstCl.,Co.  H. 
Pvt.,  lstCl.,San.Det. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI,  Co.  B  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H .  . 
Pvt.,lstCl.,San.Det. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  M.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CL,  Co.  G .  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H .  . 

Pvt.,  Co.  K 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  G 

Pvt.,  Co.  1 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  K 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 


Pt.  Richmond,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Abington,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Glendale,  L.  I 

New  York  City 

Los  Angeles,  Calif 

New  Brunswick,  Canada . 

Kingston,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

St.  Paul,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  Address 

Sorent,  Ore 

Freemansburg,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N  Y 

New  York  City 

CoUege  Point,  N.  Y 

Rye,  N.Y 

Hogansport,  N.Y 

Raritan,  N.J 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Adrian,  Minn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Norwood,  N.Y 

Newport,  R.  1 

Newark,  N.  J 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Oakland,  Calif 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 


Vesle .... 
Meuse . . . 
Argonne . 
Meuse . . . 
Argonne . 
Argonne 
Argonne. 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 


Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Argonne. 
Argonne. 
Aisne. . . . 
Aisne. . . . 
Argonne. 

Aisne 

Argonne. 
Argonne. 
Aisne. . . . 
Aisne .... 

Vesle 

Argonne . 
Argonne. 
Aisne .... 
Baccarat. 
Argonne . 
Argonne. , 
Aisne. . . . 
Argonne . , 
Aisne .... 
Baccarat . 
Argonne . , 
Aisne .... 
Aisne. . . . 
Argonne. , 
Argonne. . 
Aisne .... 
Baccarat . 
Argonne . , 
Argonne. 


10/11/18 
11/14/18 
11/14/18 
11/14/18 

11/14/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
11/13/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/30/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
10/11/18 

8/  2/18 
11/  3/18 
11/14/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 

8/  2/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
10/11/18 
11/23/18 
11/14/18 
10/11/18 

8/  2/18 
11/14/18 
11/14/18 


307th  INFANTRY 


Jay,  D.  K 

Prentice,  J.  H 

Tillman,  F.  A 

Barry,  T.  R 

Davis,  D 

Haile,  E.  S 

Holagan,  J.  A. .  .  , 
Holderman,  N.  M 

Hubbel,  G 

Jenkins,  W 


Maj 

Maj 

Maj 

Capt.,  Med.  Det 
Capt.,  2nd  Bn. . . 

Capt 

Capt 

Capt.,  Co.  K. . . . 

Capt 

Capt 


Westbury,  L.  I.. 
New  York  City . 

Ulster,  Pa 

No  Address  . . . . 
New  York  City . 
New  York  City . . 
Flushing,  L.  I.. . . 
Santa  Ana,  Calif. 
New  York  City . . 
Rome,  N.Y 


Vesle 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Vesle 

Meuse 

Vesle  emd  Argonne. 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Meuse 


10/11/18 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/14/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 


[177] 


307th  INFANTRY— Continued 


Name 


Rank — Oroanization 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


Labour,  R 

Love,  F.  C 

Newcomb,  E.  B. . . 

Stone,  T.  E 

Tillman,  F.  K.. . . . 

Gilbert.  F.W 

Goggin,  R.  E 

Goodwin,  E.  C 

Kurd.  J.  F 

Leonard,  J.  M 

McDerinott,  J.  S. . 

Nease,  L.  S 

Pratt,  A.  D.  B.   .. 

Reid,  W.  R 

Ryan,  E.  M 

Senn,  F.  R 

Schug,  C.  A 

Smith,  H.  L.,  Jr. . . 

Tillman,  F.  A 

Wheelock,  W.  E. . 
Wintjen,  H.  A. . . . 
Babcock,  D.  L. . . . 

Bijur,  S.  M 

Fallon,  T.  L 

Goodwin,  E.G.... 

Grubbs,  C.  I 

Hamblen,  A.  J. . . . 

Hartig,  F 

Hennessy,  C 

Kish,  J.  J 

Lincoln,  K.  C 

McCurdy,  H.  B. . . 
Shaughnessy,  C.  S 
Wieman,  H.  R. . .  . 
Williams,  J.  H... 

Masgana,  E 

Brady,  E.  J 

Bigoney,  P 

Anderson,  L.  C. .  . 

Anzalone,  A 

Belephant,  A 

Belefant,  A 

Benjamin,  \V 

Blum,  H.  H 

Bradshaw,  C.  H. . . 

Connelly,  T.  P. . . . 

Carroll,  J.  B 

Cox,  T.  L 

Crowley,  E 

De  Vito,  F 

Dimino,  F 

Elliott,  A 

Fisher,  W.  A 

GaUo,  T 


Capt.,  French  Army 

Capt 

Capt 

Capt 

Capt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

IstLt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  I 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  B 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

2d  Lt.,  Co.  G 

2d  Lt 

2d  Lt 

2dLt 

2dLt.,  Co.  B 

2d  Lt.,  Co.  B 

2dLt.,  Co.  B 

2d  Lt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co.. 

2d  Lt.,  Co.  M 

2dLt.,  Co.  B 

2dLt 

2d  Lt 

2d  Lt.,  Co.  B 

2dLt 

Marechal  de  Logis  . 

1st  Sgt.,  Co.  E 

IstSgt.,  Co.  H 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  G 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co..  .  . 
Sgt.,  Hdqtra.  Co..  . . 

Sgt.,  Co.  H 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co..  .  , 
Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. . .  , 

Sgt.,  Co.  K 

Sgt.,  Co.  I 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co..  . 
Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co... 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  G 


No  Address 

Syracuse,  N.  Y 

No  Address 

Cincinnati,  Ohio I 

Ulster,  Pa 

Utica,  N.  Y 

Bloomfield,  N.  J 

Oakland,  Mo 

Albany,  N.Y 

Douglass.  .\riz 

New  York  City 

Newport,  Tenn 

No  Address 

No  Address 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Hughesville,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Ulster,  Pa 

Canajoharie,  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.Y 

No  Address 

New  Y'ork  City 

No  Address 

Oakland,  Me 

No  Address 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

No  Address 

No  Address 

Fall  River,  Mass 

No  Address 

Ashland,  Mass 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Hartford,  Conn 

French  Mission 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Binghamton,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y' 

New  York  City 

Hammond,  Ind 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City ( 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Prince  Edward   Isle,   New 

Zealand 

Gladstone,  N.Y' 


Vesle  and  .\rgonne  .  . 

Aisne 

Argonne  and  Meuse  . 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Meuse 

Aisne 

Baccarat 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Argonne i 

Meuse 

Aisne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne  

Argonne 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Meuse 


11  23  18 

1  10  19 

11,23,  18 

11/14/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

1/  4/19 

1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

1/10/19 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

8,  2/18 

1/10/19 

11/23/18 

1  10/19 

10/11/18 

1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

10/11/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 

11/23/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/3  /18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/30/18 
11/23/18 


178] 


307th  INFANTRY— Continued 


Name 


Rank — Organization 


Address 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


Gillen,  J.  J 

Goldstein,  J.. .  . 
Goldstone,  M.. 

Hatch.  B 

Howard,  W.  F. 

Jordan,  D 


Illig.  C.  W.,  Jr 

Kaplan,  J 

Lippe,  O.  P 

Ix)ftus,  N.J 

Markels,  M 

Marks,  G. 

Marshall,  J.  E 

Mohrman,  W 

Murphy,  J.  J 

PoUock,  C.  R 

Powell,  E.  F 

Prach,  F.  J 

Oxhorn,  S 

Ross,  J.  A 

RusseU,  G.  F 

Shellman,  A.  M. . . . 

Siegel,  H 

Sullivan,  W.J 

Teitelbaum,  S 

Todd,  M 

Turbee,  F.  A 

Von  Pentz,  B 

Wallach,  D.  M 

Warmers,  R.  F 

Watson,  R 

Weber,  B.  S 

Ames,  J.  J 

Bateman,  H 

Bennett,  R.  D 

Bergen,  W.  M 

Bessel,  E 

Bridgeworth,  I.  W. 

Carketso,  R 

Crimmins,  E.  M.. . 

Cryan,  P 

Drexel,  G.  A 

Evans,  J.  E 

Gronan,  E 

Hallback,  F 

Hartnett,  W.  F...  . 
Hutchings.  E.  C. . . 
Locasale,  J.  F 

Meyer,  W.  H 

Monihan,  J.  P 

Nubel,  H 

O'Neil,  G 

Peters,  F.  T 

Rosenvold,  A 

Richlin,  J.J 

Schell,  H 


Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Sgt.,  Co.  K 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 


Sgt.,  Co.  G 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co.. . 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  K 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co..  . 

Sgt.,  Co.  K 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Mess  Sgt.,  Co.  B.  . 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  L 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  I 

Sgt.,  Co.  M 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

CorpL,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  L 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. . 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co.. 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 

Corpl.,  Co.  L 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co.. 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 


Brooklyn,  N.Y.. 
New  York  City. . 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. . 
New  York  City . . 
BrooUyn,  N.  Y.. 


No.  Tonawanda,  N.  Y. . 

Oakwood,  S.  I 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Lockport,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Port  Richmond,  S.  I... 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

AUen,  S.  C....' 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Amityville,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Big  Flats,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Wilmington,  N.  C 

Binghamton,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Ansonia,  Conn 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

East  Dedham.  Mass 

Manhassett,  L.  I 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Wilmington,  Del 

Elmhurst,  L.  I 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 


Aisne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonno 

Aisne. 

Vesle 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

.\rgonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle  and  Argonne 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Baccarat 

Meuse 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Baccarat 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Baccarat 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Baccarat 

Aisne 


1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

1/10/19 

11/30/18 

1/10/19 

1/  4/19 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

11/23/18 

12/20/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 

11/23/18 

1/  4/19 

8/  2/18 

11/30/18 

1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 

8/  2/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

12/20/18 

1/  4/19 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

12/20/18 

11/30/18 

11/  3/18 

8/  2/18 

11/  3/18 

12/20/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/23/18 

11/  3/18 

11/30/18 

11/20/18 

8/  2/18 

12/20/18 


179 


307th  INFANTRY— Continuod 


Name 


Rank — Organization 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


Schwenke.  F.  E. . 
Voorhees,  J.  D. . . 
White,  M.  R. .  . . 

Moles.  R 

Riker,  W 

Sano,  A 

Bardman,  B 

Busko,  G 

Cavallo.  R 

Donnelly.  H.  A.. 
Frambarh.  A..  .  . 

Gilbert.  M 

Hagen,  P.  M.... 

Hjellming.  A 

Johnson.  R.  R.. . 

Lydon.  J.  J 

Smith.  G 

Vanderlys.  A.  L. , 

Wilson.  J.  E 

Allen.  J.  H 

Beckendorf.  L. . . 

Borker,  J 

Braemer.  L.  F. . . 

Charles,  J 

Clark,  O.  A 

Cogan,  J.  A 

Connor.  J 

Conway.  P 

Dwyer,  E.  J 

Ehrnian,  W 

Gartwright,  J.  E 

Greany,  J 

Hackney.  C.  A. . 

Hale,  b!  F 

Hanson,  G 

Hickman.  U.  S. . 

Hite,  R.  C 

HoUand,  H.  D.  . 

KeUy,  J.  F 

Kobernat,  J.  F. . 
Kooley,  B.  G.. .  . 
Kretoshinsky ,  A. 
Kreutter.  C.  R. 

Kulseth,  R 

Leyden,  W.  G. .  . 

Maggie,  J 

Matter,  P 

Millsap,  E 

Monk,  C.  F. 

Morse,  J 

McLean,  E 

Nickerson,  A. . . . 

O'Clare,  J 

Oggionni,  G 

Parker,  R 

Passafiurae,  J. . . 

Peck,  A.  A 

Peterson,  A.  C 


Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co..  . 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Mec,  Co.  F 

Mec.,  Co.  F 

Mec,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B. 
P\t.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B.. 
Pn-I.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D  . 
Pvt.,  IstCL.Hdq.Co 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  F.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI..  Co.  B.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI..  Co.  B.. 
PN-t.,  1st  CI.,  Hdq.  Co. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  A 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Prt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pn.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  M 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Prt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. . . 

Pvt,  Co.  L 

PNt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  M 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  K 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt.,  Co.  M 

P\'t.,  Co.  D 

P%t.,  Co.  1 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

P\1,.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pn.,  Co.  B 

P\^.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  G 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Malvern,  L.  1 

Sockport,  N.  Y 

Scarborough.  England . . . 

Jamaica,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Russia 

Breckenridge.  Minn 

Jamaica.  L.  1.  N.  Y 

BrooUyn.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Lansford,  No.  Dak 

Ditley,  So.  Dak 

Newburgh.  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Ocean  Grove,  N.J 

HomeU,  N.  Y 

Burt,  N.  Y 

Bridgeport,  Conn 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Alameda,  Calif 

Hill  FaU,  N.  Y 

Philps,  N.  Y 

Chicago.  Ill 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Unionville.  Conn 

Wilkes  Barre,  Pa 

Creston.  Mont 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  Addre.ss  ....    

New  York  City 

Adler,  Mont 

HiU  City,  Minn 

Tacoma,  Wash 

New  York  City 

Waterloo,  N.  Y 

Appleton,  Minn 

Sockport,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Niagara  Falls.  N.  Y 

Asotin,  Wash 

Benson,  Utah 

New  York  City 

Cascave,  Idaho 

Lu\'iston.  N.  V 

No.  Grovensdale.  Conn. 

Bergamo,  Italy 

Appleton.  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

HorneU,  N.  Y 

Stacy,  Minn 


Meuse 

Argonne 

Meuse 

Aisne 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argoime 

.Vrgoime 

.Vrgonne 

Baccarat 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

.\rgonne 

.\rgonne 

Vesle  and  Argonne. 
Baccarat 


Argorme. . 

Vesle 

Baccarat . 
Argonne . . 
Argonne.  . 

Vesle 

Argonne . . 
Argonne.  . 
Argonne.  . 
Argonne . . 
Baccarat . 
Argonne . . 
Argonne . . 
Argonne. . 
Argonne . . 
Argonne. . 

Vesle 

Argonne. . 
Argonne. . 

Vesle 

Argonne. , 
Meuse. . . 
Argonne. , 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Meuse. .. 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne. 
Argonne. 
Baccarat . 
Argorme . 
Argonne 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 


12  20  18 

11  23/18 

12  20,18 
1  10;19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 

11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

8/  2/18 

1/  4/19 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

8/  2/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/  4/19 
11/30/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

8/  2/18 
11/14/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/  3/18 
12/31/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/30/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
12/20/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

1/  4/19 

1/  4/19 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 


180] 


307th  INFANTRY— Continued 


Name 

Rank — Organization 

Address 

Place  op  Action 

Date 

Pucella,  A.  R 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Vesle 

11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

Newfane,  N.  Y. . .   . 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 

New  York  City 

See,  W.  0 

12/20/18 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

11/30/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 

New  York  City 

Port  Jervis,  N.  Y 

Oakland,  Ore. . 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Pvt.,  Co.  I 

Thompson,  V.  0. . 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Argonne 

Vimer,  F 

Voster,  N 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Williams,  R. 

Pvt.,  Co.  D... 

New  York  City 

Stacy.  Mont  . 

Wilson,  L.  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  L 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

West  Falk,  N.  Y.  . . 

Vesle 

308th  INFANTRY 


Budd,  K.  P 

Breckenridge,  L.  S, 

GrifBths,  A.  S 

Lewis,  E.  N 

MacDougall,  A.  J. 
McMurtry,  G.  G. . 

Wagner,  J.  F 

Angier,  A.  E 

BebeU,  J.  F.  D. .  .  . 

Burns,  B.  M 

Conn,  R.  L.  

CoUey,  T.  C 

Cullen,  W.  J 

Dobson,  W.  W.. 

Haas,  R.  K 

Halligan,  J.  J 

Knight,  P.  R 

Koenig,  C.  F 

Morgan,  A.  D 

Miles,  W 

Powless,  J.  A 

Robinson,  A.  H 

Smith,  C 

Sheridan 

Sullivan,  W.Q.... 

Turner,  C.  W 

Whiting,  C.  S 

Wilkinson,  W.J... 

Wood,  M 

Akers,  E.  W 

Eager,  S.  W 

Flood,  J.  B 

Morgan,  D.  O 

McGuire,  D.  S. 

Rogers,  H 

Schrider,  J.  B. 
Straub.  C.  H 


Maj.,  2nd  Bn 

Capt 

Capt.,  2d  Bn 

Capt 

Capt 

Capt 

Capt..  Med.  Corp.  . 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  L 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Cos.  E  &  H 
1st  Lt.,  Hdqlrs.  Co 

1st  Lt.,  3rd  Bn 

1st  Lt.,  Sen.  Chapl'n 

IstLt.,  Co.  D 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Med.  Corps. 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Med.  Corps. 

IstLt.,  Co.  K 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt 

2d  Lt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

2d  Lt 

2d  Lt 

2d  Lt 

2dLt 

2d  Lt.,  Supply  Co.  . 


New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Amityville,  L.  I.,  N.  \ 
New  Britain,  Conn. . . . 
Mellville,  Canada . . . . . 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

Boston,  Mass 

HoUis,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Meadville,  Pa 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Philadelphia,  Pa 

Wake  Forest,  N.  C. . . . 

Princeton,  N.  J 

West  de  Pare,  Wis. .  .  . 

Madison,  Wis 

Youngstown,  N.  Y. . .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Norwood,  Colo 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Detroit,  Mich 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  Address 

Linton,  Ireland 

New  York  City 

Seneca,  N.  C 

Detroit,  Mich 

No  Address 

Macon,  Mo 

College  City,  Calif. . .  . 


Vesle 

ArgoniK' ^ 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Aisne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Aisne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Baccarat 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Vesle 

Baccarat 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Baccarat 

Meuse 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Argonne 

Meuse 


1/10/19 

11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

11/14/18 

11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

1/  4/19 

11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

11/23/18 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

8/  2/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

1/  4/19 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

1/  4/19 

1/10/19 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

8/  2/18 

1/10/19 

11/14/18 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 


181 


308lh  INFANTRY— Continued 


Rank — Organization 


Addbess 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


Roesch,  C.  R 

Sozzi,  E.  L 

Bergassi.  H.  J 

Kaufman.  B 

Mercer.  H.  F 

Anderson.  H 

Blackburn,  R 

Boffa,  T.  A 

Brew,  R 

CahUl,  C.J 

Callahan,  W 

Carter,  E.  J 

Calbi,  C 

East,  J 

EUum,  H.  C 

GiU,  R 

Gillece,  B 

(iilmartin,  C 

Healey,  J 

Kirchner,  G 

Kruger,  A.J 

Linden,  H 

Matelusch,  C 

Mintz,  F.  B 

Monahan,  J.  T.  E. 
McCarthy,  G.  F. .  . 

Powers,  J.  J 

Quinn,  J.  H 

Riley,  C.  P 

Roch,  H.  E 

Sexton,  J.J 

Strassle,  G 

Tucker,  D 

Wagner,  F.  W 

Allen,  L.  E 

Archer,  L 

Dahloir,  O 

Dolan,  J 

Davis,  J 

Evans,  J.  F 

Ficker,  W.  C 

GsJlagher,  D 

Hubner,  J.  F 

Klein,  I 

Koeppe,  M 

La  Croix,  O.  H. .  .  . 

Maher,  P 

Maroney,  T.  F. .  .  . 
Murphy,  T.  H        . 

McGuire,  J.  V 

Perine.  W.  F 

Petersen,  H 

Reardon,  J.  B 

Rishin,  A 

Rooney,  J.  J 

Rossuni,  H.  A 

Ronierein,  F.  R. . . . 
Sauer,  J 


Sgt.  Maj.,  2d  Bn. 

Sgt.  Maj 

1st  Sgt.,  Co.  A.  .  . 
1st  Sgt.,  Co.  K..  . 
1st  Sgt.,  Co.  C.  . . 

Sgt.,  Co.  A 

Sgt.,  Co.  C 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  K 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co.. 

Sgt 

Co.  I 

Sgt.,  Co.  I 

Sgt.,  Co.  A 

Sgt.,  Co.  H 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Co.  A 

Sgt.,  Co.  G 

Sgt..  Co.  H 

Sgt.,  Co.  K 

Sgt.,  Co.  H 

Sgt. 


Sgt.,  Co.  A 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Sgt., 

Sgt., 

Sgt., 

Sgt., 

Sgt., 

Sgt., 

Sgt., 


Co.  E 

Co.  I 

Co.  I 

Co.  B 

Hdqtrs.  Co. .  . 

M.  G.  Bn. .     . 

Supply  Co. . . 

Sgt.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  I 

Corpl.,  Co.  M 

Co.  G 

Co.  D 

Hdqtrs.  Co. 
Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Co.  M 

Corpl.,  Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Co.  H 

Corp.,  M.  G.  Co ..  . 
Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. , 
Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 
Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  G 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 
Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Co.  G 

Corpl.,  Co.  E 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 


Corpl. 
Corpl. 
Corpl. 
Corpl., 
Corpl. 


Flushing,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Ireland 

New  York  City 

Ireland 

West  Rutland,  Vt 

Hartford,  Conn 

Quinton,  Ky 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Long  Island  City,  N.Y.... 

New  York  City 

Islip,  L.  I.,  N.Y 

East  Pepperel,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Patchogue,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. .  .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

West  New  York,  N.  J 

MiU  Branch,  N.  C 

Corona,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

BrooUyn.  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Norwich,  N.  Y 

Corona,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

East  Hampton,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Adams  Basin,  N.Y 

Mamaroneck,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. . 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Naugatuck,  Conn 

Chicago,  111 

Zanesville,  Ohio 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Millford,  Conn 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Little  Falls,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Roslyn,  S.  Dak 

New  York  City 


.\rgonne 
Vesle .... 
Argonne . 


Meuse. 


Argonne . 

Argonne . 

Vesle 

Argonne . 
Aisne. . . . 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Argonne. 
Argonne. 

Vesle 

Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne . 
Baccarat . 
Argonne . 
Argonne . 
Aisne ... 
Argonne. 
Argonne. 
.\rgonne. 
Baccarat . 
.\^isne .... 
Baccarat . 

Vesle 

Argonne . 
Vesle.  ... 
Argonne . 
.\rgonne . . 
Argonne. , 
Argonne . . 
.\rgonne. 
.\rgonne . . 
.\rgonne . . 
Argonne. . 
Argonne . , 
Argonne. . 
Baccarat. 
Vesle.  .  .  . 
Argonne . . 
Argonne 
.\rgonne .  . 

Vesle 

Argonne.  . 

Vesle 

Argonne.  . 

Vesle 

Argonne. . 


/lO  19 
10  19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/14/18 
/10/19 
/14/18 
/10/19 
/  4/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/  4/19 
/10/19 
/1/019 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/ 10/19 
/10/19 
8/  2/18 
/  4/19 
/10/19 
/ID,' 19 
/10/19 
/14/18 
/10/19 
;/  2  18 
,10/19 
/  2/18 
/10/19 
/10/19 
:/20/18 
/10/19 
/14/18 
/  4/19 
/  4/19 
/  4/19 
/ 10/19 
/lO  19 
,14/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
1/  2/18 
/  4/19 
/  4/19 
/  4/19 
/10/19 
/10/19 
/  4/19 
/10/19 
/10/18 
/I 0/1 9 
,10/19 


182 


308th  INFANTRY— Continued 


Name 


Rank — Organization 


Address 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


Tewes,  J.  H 

Vedilage,  J 

Wellington,  W.  J. 

Wissel,  B 

Camera,  N.  J 

Chubb,  M.  L 

Christianson,  E. . . 

Considine,  F 

Dubois,  R.  L 

Gehrig,  J.  D 

Grobtuck,  S.  D. .  . 
Herschkowitz,  J. . . 

Kent,  A.  H 

Monson,  J.J 

Murray,  J 

Nast,  i.  F 

Spiegel,  I 

Sirotta,  I 

Sweeney,  J 

Tabara,  W 

Tappen,  J 

Usac,  J 

Van  Duzer,  E.  T.. 
Bahrhydt,  G.  W. . 

Batley,  H 

Baxter,  W.  V 

Begley,  W 

Bragg,  J.  M 

Brown,  C.  R 

Brown,  H 

(:M<l,lle,  J 

Cept'gJia,  P 

Calmenson,  L 

Chester,  S.  H 

Collins,  G.W 

Delniont,  J 

Donovan,  G.  W. .  . 

Enswenger,  J 

Erickson,  F.  G.  S. 

Frield,  J 

HammiU,  J.  W  .   .  . 

Hendricks,  P 

Isaksen,  J 

Johnson,  A 

Kessler,  H 

Kosikowski,  S 

Lenahan,  J.  C. .  .  . 

Liner,  I.  L 

MiUer,  H 

McMerramie,  E.  J 

O'Connor,  P 

PolUnger,  F 

Rabinowitz,  A. . .  . 

Rochford,  P 

Rowley,  G.  H.      . 

Royfe,  A 

Scala,  E 


Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Corpl.,  Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 
Corpl.,  M.  G.  Co.. 
Pvt.,lslCl.,M.G.Co. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  A.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  A.. 
Pvt.,lstCl.,Med.Det 
Pvt.,lstCl.,Med.Det. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  K.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  C. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  A.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  a.  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  K  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  H  . 
Pvt.,lstCl.,Med.Det. 
Pvt.,  IstCl.,  Hdq.Co. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  A.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  K  , 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Med.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  G 

Pvt.,  Med.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt..  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Med.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  I 

Pvt..  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.   (Act.   1st  Sgt.), 

Co.  M 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 

Pvt.,  Co.  G 

Pvt.,  Co.  G 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  K 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt..  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Jcunaica,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Rosebank,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Rodtagen,  Norway 

Watertown,  N.  Y 

Anandal-on-Hudson,  N.  Y. 

Bethlehem,  Pa 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  Address 

BrooWyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Conifer,  N.  Y 

Poland 

Stapleton,  S.  I.,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Albany,  N.  Y 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

RedHook,  N.  Y 

No  Address 

Boggs,  W.  Va 

Ashville,  N.  Y 

Bakersfleld,  Calif 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  NY 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Waterbury,  Conn 

Springfield,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Wilton,  N.  Dak 

New  York  City 

Lawrenceville,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Maspeth,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Charlestown,  Mass. . 
W  orcester.  Mass. .  .  . 
Worcester,  Mass. .  .  . 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brighton,  Ont.,  Can. 

New  York  City 

Saraguse,  Italy 


Vesle 

Argoime . , 

Vesle 

Baccarat . 
Baccarat. 

Vesle 

Argonne . . 
Argonne . . 

Vesle 

Argonne, . 

Vesle 

Argonne. . 

Vesle 

Argonne . . 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne. . 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Argonne . . 
Argonne . . 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Baccarat . 

Aisne 

Argonne . . 
Argonne. . 
Argonne. . 
Argonne . . 

Vesle 

Argonne . . 
Argonne. . 

Vesle 

Aisne 

Vesle 

Argonne . . 
Baccarat . 
Argonne . . 
Argonne. . 

Aisne 

Baccarat . 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Argonne. . 


Argonne . , 
Argonne. 
.\rgonne . 
Argonne . 
Argorme . . 
Argonne. , 
Aisne .... 
Argonne . 
Argonne.  . 

Vesle 

Baccarat. 


1/  4/19 
1/10/19 
1/  4/19 
8/  2/18 
8/  2/18 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 

11/14/18 
1/10/19 

11/14/18 
1/  4/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 

11/14/18 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
8/  2/18 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 

11/14/18 

11/14/18 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 

11/20/18 
1/10/19 
1/  4/18 
8/  2/18 

11/14/18 

11/14/18 
1/10/19 
8/  2/18 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

11/14/18 

11/30/18 

1/  4/19 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 

12/20/18 

11/14/18 

11/14/18 

1/10/19 

8/  2/18 


[183 


308th  INFANTRY— Continued 


Smith,  S 

Wallace,  F.  L.. 
W  andlowsky,  S 
\\  assemian,  H. 
W  hi  ting,  C.  W. 
Wilson,  H.  L. .  . 
VVoolf,  I 


Rank — Organization 


Pvt.,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt,  Co.  H 

Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 
Pvt.,  Hdqtrs.  Co 
Pvt.,  Co.  I 


Address 


Baline,  Mont 

Hadleigh,  Essex,  En^. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Avon,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Hartford,  Conn 


Place  of  Action 


Argonne . 
Argonne. 
Argonne . 
Vesle. . . . 
Aisne. . . . 


Meuse. 


11/30,18 
1/10/1') 
1/10/14 
1/10/19 
1/10/19 
1/  4/19 
1/10/19 


302d  ENGINEERS 


Per-Lee,  H.  B. 

Barber,  N.N 

Crawford,  G.  H. .  . 

EUett,  T.  H 

La  Fetra,  H.  L.. . . 

Lewis,  M.  H 

Simmons,  E.  B. 

Brown,  J.  F 

Brown,  J.  F 

Gray,  E.  P 

Lewis,  M.  H 

Walsh,  J.  A 

Chamberlain,  D.  1 

MUes,  W.  S 

Shepard,  B.  S. .  .  . 
Leaf,  R.  D 

Conners,  P 

Johnson,  W.  L. . . . 

Solomon,  D 

Zeller,  C 

Stone,  W.  B 

Bero,  J 

FeUis,  R 

Gingras,  J.,  Jr. .  .  . 
Hofschutz,  L  H... 
Houghland,  E.  L. . 
Roskoski,  F.  J. .. . 

Rupp,  F.  A 

Traquair,  J 

Wojan,  C.  W 

Bell,  L.  R 

Black,  J 

Boniak,  F 

Bresnahan,  W.  J.. 

Carretti,  R 

Di  Biase,  T 

Duffy,  T.F 

Dunn,  J.  M 

Foley,  J.  A 

Galligan,  H.  L. . 

Green,  G.  H 

Harrison,  F.  S.  . 
Hogan,  T.  M 


Maj.,  2nd  Bn 

Capt.,  Co.  F 

Capt.,  Co.  B 

Capt.,  Co.  E 

Capt.,  Co.  E 

Capt.,  Co.  F 

Capt.,  Co.  D 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  D 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  D 

1st  Lt 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  F 

1st  Lt.,  Co.  F 

2dLt.,  Co.  D 

2d  Lt.,  Co.  E 

2d  Lt 

Mast.  Eng.,  Jr.  Grade, 

Hdqtrs.  Co 

Sgt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D.. 
Sgt.,  IstCL,  Co.  E.. 
Sgt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  F.. 

Sgt.,  1st  CI 

1st  Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  E 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corp.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl 

Corpl.,  Co.  E 

('orpl.,  Co.  E 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl 

CorpL,  Co.  E 


Stillwater,  Minn 

Chicago,  111 

New  York  City 

Highland  Falls,  N.  Y.. 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No  Address 

No  Address 

New  York  City 

Belmont,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

No  Address 

No  Address 

Hicksville,  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Astoria,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

No.  Tonawanda,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Richmond  HiU.N.Y.. 

Fort  Collins,  Colo 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Medford,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

No  Address 

Elmira,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

White  Plains,  N.  Y.   . . 

Corona,  N.Y 

Glen  Cove,  L.  I.,  N.  \ 

Ithaca,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Dumont,  N.  J 

RushviUe,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 


Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Ve,sle... 
Meuse.  . 
Vesle . . . 
Vesle . . . 
Vesle . . . 
Meuse . . 
Meuse.  , 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Argonne 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 

Vesle . . . 
Vesle . . . 
Vesle . . . 
Argonne 
Meuse.  . 
Vesle . . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle . . . 
Argonne 
Argonne 
Vesle... 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse. . 
Argonne 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Argonne 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle... 
Vesle. . . 
Vesle . . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 


11/23/18 
1/10/19 
11/  3/18 
11/30/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/23/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
1/10/19 
11/23/18 
8/  2/18 

11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/  .3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 


1184 


302d  ENGINEERS— Continued 


Name 


Rank — Organization 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


MyvaU,  F.  C 

Mclndee,  E.  C... 

Parker,  W.  E 

Peterson,  E 

Reicherter,  J.,  Jr. 
Reifsnyder,  J.  G. . 

Rung,  R.J 

Schraven,  H.  J. . . 

Schultz,  F 

Smith,  A.  E 

Summerly,  T 

Thomann,  F.  C . 

Tripp,  F.  S 

Vill,  J.  A.  E 

WiUmarth,  (i.  R. 

Baltakie,  F 

Bergman,  A.  H. .  . 

Brady,  T.  J 

Brandt,  F 

Doerr,  L 

Dunn,  J.  M 

Fitzgerald,  J.  L. . . 

Flynn,  M.J 

Gregowski,  P.  B. . 

Reed,  S.  A 

Roberts,  T.  B ..  .  . 

Schiefin,  L 

Spagnolo,  P 

Stultz,  R.  W 

Taft,  R.  F 

Amrheim,  J.  H.    . 

Anger,  C.  W 

Apstein,  S 

Baird,  T.  A.,  Jr.. 

Berg,  S 

Bieringer,  C.  E. .  . 

Black,  J.  W 

Brill,  S 

Bruiggeman,  F.  S 

Calvert,  N 

Dick,  L.  C 

Emsting,  F.  G. . . 
Farrington,  J.  R. . 

Fry,  C 

Futsche.  A 

Golias,  C.  F 

Grycskowski,  W. . 

HaUford,  J 

Hartmann,  A.  C. . 

Hoff,  C.  T 

Hofschulte,  G.  H. 

King,  G 

Koch,  W.  E 

Kromer,  F 

Lange,  W 

Levy,  R.  E 

Martell,  A.  G... 
May,  D.  E 


Corpl 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl 

Corpl 

Corpl.,  Co.  E 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  E 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  F.  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E.. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  E.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D  . 
Pvt.,  1st  CI..  Co.  D 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Hdq.Co. 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

-Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  San.  Det 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt 


Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

New  Rochelle 

Morris,  Minn 

Roslyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

W.  New  Brighton,  N.  Y. . 

Chester,  N.J 

Galivay,  Ireland 

Arthursburgh,  N.  Y 

Guilford,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Elmira,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Hot  Springs,  So.  Dak 

No  Address 

Ithaca,  N.  Y 

Canandaigua,  N.  Y 

Port  Ewan,  N.  Y. 

Binghamton,  N.  Y 

Yellow  Pine,  Ala 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Elmira,  N.Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Springfield,  Mass 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Central  IsHp,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. 

Elmira,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Hartford,  Conn 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Indiana,  Pa 

No  Address 

Owego,  N.  Y 

Ogilvie,  Minn 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Cleveland,  Ohio 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Smight,  Ala 

Martinsville,  NY 

Binghamton,  N.  Y 

Ft.  CoUins,  Col 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

McKeesport,  Pa 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Washburn,  Wis 

Decatur,  Ind 


Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . . 
Meuse . . 
Meuse . . 
Meuse 
Vesle ... 
Meuse.  . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . , 
Vesle ... 
Meuse. . 
Vesle ... 
Meuse . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle ... 
Meuse .  . 
Vesle ... 
Argonne 

Vesle 

Meuse. . 

Vesle 

Vesle ... 
Vesle ... 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Vesle. . . 
Vesle... 
Vesle ... 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 

Vesle 

Vesle. . . 

Vesle 

Argonne 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse . . 
Meuse . . 
Vesle . . . 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse. . 
Argonne 
Vesle. . . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Meuse.  . 


11/11/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

1/10/19 
12/20/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/11/18 


185 


302d  ENGINEERS— Continued 

Name 

Rank — Organization 

Address 

Place  of  Action 

Date 

Medeck,  N 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

1/10/19 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/20/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 

Munson,  A.  L 

Pvt 

Millbank,  S.  D. .  . 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt 

Pvt 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 1 

Vesle 

Morris.sey ,  J .  P 

Murtagh,  \V 

McArdle,  J.  F. 

Orton,  C 

p\-t 

Elmira,  N.  Y 

Peterson.  \N  .  H 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Vesle  .   . 

Quellett,  A 

P%t.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  E 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt 

Buffalo,  N.Y 1 

Brooklj-n,  N.  Y 

Atlantic  City,  N.  J 

Sacket  Harbor,  NY 

11/11/18 
11/  3/18 

1/10/19 
11/11/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 

1  10/19 
11/  3,18 

Rochford,  M 

Vesle 

Roth,  H.  M 

P%i.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Vesle 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Vesle.... 

Schultz.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

New  Brighton,  S.  I.,  N.  Y.. 
Sodus,  N.  Y. 

Vesle 

Tripp,  R.  E 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt..  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  D.. 

Waters,  T.  E 

Fort  Bvron,  N.  Y. 

Welch,  J 

Schhesingerville,  \\  is 

West  Eaton,  N.  Y.  . . 

Meuse 

1  10  19 

Westcott,  L.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

Pvt.,  Co.  D 

PU.,  Co.  D 

11/  3/18 

11/  3/18 

1/10/19 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Vesle  . 

Woodward.  G.  G 

Berkshire,  N.Y 

304th  FIELD  ARTILLERY 


Weinhauer,  G.  H 
Robinson,  \\'.  E. . 
Warns,  H.  O 


Sgt.,  Btry.  D 

Pvt.,lstCl.,Med.Det 
Pvt.,  Med.  Det 


Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y, 
Painted  Post,  N.  Y. 


Vesle . . . 
Argonne 
Argonne 


11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
12/20/18 


305th  FIELD  ARTILLERY 


Burden,  C.  G. . . . 
Robinson,  A.  A.. 
Johnson,  G.  H. . . 

Ramsdell,  T 

Gorniley,  M 

McCune,  W.  J... 


1st  Lt 

2d  Lt..  Btry.  C... 
Corpl.,  Btry.  C... 
Corpl.,  Hdqtrs.  Co. 

Pvt.,  Btry.  F 

Pvt 


No  Address 

Flushing,  N.Y... 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.. 

No  Address 

New  York  City 
Amsterdam,  N.  Y 


Argonne 

Vesle 

Vesle 

Aisne  (,2  citations) 

Argonne 

Vesle 


1/10/19 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 


306th  FIELD  ARTILLERY 


Mahon,  D 

McHugh,  J.  J. .  . 
Rothenberger,  G 


Sgt.,  Btry.  E. . 
Corpl.,  Btry.  E 
Pvt.,  Btrv.  E .  . 


New  York  City 
Bronx,  N.Y... 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y 


11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 


[186] 


304th  MACHINE  GUN  BATTALION 


Name 


Rank — Organization 


Address 


Place  of  Action 


Date 


Delehanty,  T. . . . 
McAneny,  L.  G. . 
Steniler,  A.  L. . .  . 

Pette,  K.  A 

Dunn,  E 

Segal,  S 

Deacher,  T.  A. . . 

Drake,  R 

Jennings,  P.  E. . . 

Jordan,  C 

Palmer,  E 

Phelps,  L.  B 

WeUs,  J.  C 

WeUs,  F 

Annin,  H 

Isler,  B.  Q 

Hannon,  J.  C. . . . 

KeUy,  R.  J 

O'Leary.  M 

Roussel,  J 

Walsh,  R.  R. .    . 

Young,  F.  A 

Brandt,  H.  R. 

Besch,  J 

Burdick,  M 

Burns,  M.  P 

Cunningham,  J.. 
Dockery,  G.  J.  T 

Dreiman,  R 

Ellis,  W 

Gardner,  R.  J. .  . 

Gloster,  J 

Griffith,  J 

Killoran,  M.  F... 
Knapp,  C.W... 

Meehan,  L 

Mowen,  J.  P 

Palidino,  P 

Ritchley,  G 

Stier,  J.  A 

Warner,  H 

Young,  H.  T.    . 
Bouman,  W.  J.. . 
Bovee,  La  Vern . 

Brock,  N 

Churdiill,  J.  V. . 
Coulombe,  C.  A. 

Estes,  R 

Fitzgerald,  T. .  .  . 
Fleming,  J.  J..  .  . 

Forte,  A.,  Jr 

Gannon,  L.  L. .  . . 

Gannon,  M 

Hassel,  C 

Healy,  T 

Her/og,  M 

Hotter,  J.  G 

Hummel,  H.  H. . 


1st  Lt.,  Co.  A. 
IstLt.,  Co.  A 
1st  Lt.,  Co.  B. 
2dLt.,  Co.  A. 
1st  Sgt.,  Co.  A 
Sgt.,lstCl.,Med 
Sgt.,  Co.  A .  . 
Sgt.,  Co.  A.  . 
Sgt.,  Co.  A.  . 
Sgt.,  Co.  A. . . 
Sgt.,  Co.  A .  . 
Sgt.,  Co.  A .  . 
Sgt.,  Co.  B .  . 
Sgt.,  Co.  B .  . 
Corpl.,  Co.  A 
Corpl.,  Co.  A 
Corpl.,  Co.  A 
Corpl.,  Co.  A 
Corp.,  Co.  A. 
Corpl.,  Co.  A 
Corpl.,  Co.  B 
Corpl.,  Co.  B 
Mec,  Co.  B.. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  1st  CI. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 

Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  B. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  B. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  B. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  B. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 
Pvt.,  Co.  A. 


Pelham,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Patchogue,  L.  1 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

East  Machias,  Me 

Windsor,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Highspire,  Pa 

Caledonia,  N.  Y. 

New  York  City 

Rockville  Center,  L.  I.,  N.  Y, 

Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Bayside,  L.  1.,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Central  Park,  L.  L,  N.  Y. .  . 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Bloomville,  N.Y 

Ireland 

Caledonia,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

New  York  City 

Dansville,  N.Y 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Avon,  N.Y 

Jamaica  Plain,  Mass 

Livonia,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 

Mount  Morris,  N.Y 

Wadsworth,  N.  Y 

Auburn,  N.  Y 

Pawtucket,  R.  1 

BrooUyn,  N.Y 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 

Brooyyn,  N.  Y 

Huntington,  L.  L,  N.  Y 

Conesus,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Astoria,  L.  L,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Wayland,  N.  Y 

Buffalo,  N.Y 


Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 


Argonne 
Meuse . . . 
Meuse. . . 
Meuse. . . 
Meuse. . . 
Meuse. . . 


Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 


Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 
Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse , 


Meuse. 
Meuse . 
Meuse. 


11/23/18 
11/23/18 
12/20/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
12/20/18 
11/23/18 
12/20/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
12/20/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 

1/10/19 
11/23/18 
11/23/18 
11/2.3/18 


187 


304th  MACHINE  GUN  BATTALION— Continued 


Name 

Rank — Organization 

Address 

Place  of  Action 

Date 

Keating  T. 

Pvt.,  Co.  A       

New  York  City 

Oswego,  N.  Y 

East  Palestine,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Uma,  N.  Y 

Meuse 

110  19 

Lackey.  S.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Co.  A 

11  23  18 

1/10/19 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Meuse 

11/23/18 

IVIason  W 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

11/23/18 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

New  York  City 

11/23/18 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt    Co  B 

Caledonia,  N.  Y 

11/23/18 

O'Hara  J    \ 

New  York  City 

11/23/18 

Tierney,  J.                      

Co.  A 

New  York  City 

Hempstead,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

1/10/19 

Warga,  A.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 

11/23/18 

•Meuse 

11/23/18 

305th  MACHINE  GUN  BATTALION 


306th  MACHINE  GUN  BATTALION 


McKibbin.  J.  M. 
Benson,  R.  E. . . . 

Rice,  W.  R 

Dillard,  J.  A. .  .  . 
Humpfner,  F.  A. 
Plunkett,  J.  F. .  . 
Ostendorir,  R.  W 


Capt 

2dLt 

2dLt 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 
Pvt.,  Co.  B.. 
Pvt.,  Co.  B.. 
Pvt.,  Co.  B.. 


Hagerstown,  Md 

Decatur,  111 

Philadelphia,  Pa 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Richmond  HiU,  N.  Y 


Vesle 

Argonne 
Argonne 
Argonne 
Vesle ... 
Vesle ... 
Vesle ... 


11/30/18 

11/14/18 

11/14/18 

12/20/18 

1/  4/19 

1/14/19 

1/  4/19 


302d  FIELD  SIGNAL  BATTALION 


Barnes,  L 

Brick,  I   L... 
Curtis,  G.  L.". . 
Holden,  W.  S. 
Jackson,  E.  J. . 

Joy,  E.  D 

Maher,  T.  P.. 
McLeod,  H.  F 
Kehl,  H.  C... 
Nolan,  T.  A... 
Barnes,  J.  A. . . 
BeteiUe,  W.... 
Bristol,  H.  A. . 

Kaiser,  J 

IjOgan,  E 

Ruyl,  H.  S.... 
Barnes,  J.  A.. . 

Denipsey,  D. . , 

I'2i:luird,  A 

Thomas,  J.  G. 


Sgt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B. 

Sgt.,  1st  CI 

Sgt.,  1st  CI 

Sgt..  1st  CI.,  Co.  B . 

•Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  C 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Sgt.,  Co.  B 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  C 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  D 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  C 
Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  B 
Pvt.,  Co.  B 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  B 


Washington,  D.  C 
New  York  City    . 

No  Address 

Lewisburg,  Tenn. . 
New  York  City  .  . 
Monongahela  City 
Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Hartford,  Conn. . . 
Warwick,  N.  Y. .  . 

Glasco,  N.  Y 

Willianistown,  Pa. 

Bronx,  N.  Y 

Ansonia .  Conn. . . . 
Brooklyn.  N.  Y... 

No  Address 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y.. 
Hicksville,  N.  Y. 

Brooklyn,  i\.  Y..  . 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y... 
Willianistown,  Pa. 


Vesle . . . 
Argonne 
Aisne . . . 
Meuse. . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle . . . 
Vesle . . . 
Vesle . . . 
Argonne 
Vesle .  . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle. . . 
Vesle ... 
Meuse . . 
Aisne . . . 
Meuse. . 
Vesle... 
Vesle... 
Argonne 
Vesle... 
Vesle... 


11/  3/18 
11/23/18 
10/11/18 
12/20/18 
12/20/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
12/20/18 
11/  3/18 
11/30/18 
12/20/18 
10/11/18 
12/20/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3,  18 
11/  3/18 
11/  3/18 


188 


302d  SUPPLY  TRAIN 


Name 

Rank — Organization 

Address 

Place  op  Action 

Date 

Capt 

New  York  City 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

New  York  City 

Argonne 

ll/,30/18 
11/30/18 

Duffy,  T.  P 

Sgt.,  Co.  F 

Sgt.,  Co.  D 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  C 

Corpl..  Co.  C 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,  Co.  E 

Pvf.,  Co.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  F 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

Fein,  H 

11/30/18 
11/.30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
ll/,30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 
11/30/18 

Floral  Park,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. .    . 

BrooUyn,  N.  Y 

Newark,  N.  J 

Donianico,  C 

Genther,  R.  E. 

Argonne 

Lenny,  G 

Fulton,  N.  Y. 

West  Bridgewater.  Mass.    . 

Sag  Harbor,  N.  Y 

Danbury,  Conn 

Cazenovia,  N.  Y 

McClain,  W 

Beardsley.  H 

Fordyce,  W 

Argonne 

.\rgonne 

.\rgonne 

Argonne 

Philips,  P. 

Pvt.,  Co.  C.      . 

Glen  Cove,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 

Proper,  A.  C 

Pvt.,  Co.  C 

302d  MILITARY  POLICE 


Carman,  F.  P. 
Colbert,  J.  F. 
Schwartz,  P.. 


Amityville,  N.  Y 
No  Address    .  . 
No  Address  .  .    . 


11/  3/18 
10/11/18 
10/11/18 


MEDICAL  RESERVE  CORPS 


Condon.  W.  J. 


Capt.,    M.  R.   Corps 


New  Brunswick.  N.  J. 


8/  2,  18 


302d  AMMUNITION  TRAIN 


Chambers,  R. 
Luhman,  J.  E, 
Mekeel,  J.  E. . 

Huber,  F 

Freese,  L 

Huntz,  P.  A. . 
Stockinger,  J. 


Corpl.,  Co.  A 

Corpl.,  Co.  F 

Corpl.,,  Co.  A 

Wag.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 

Pvt.,  Co.  A 


Mt.  Vernon,  N.  Y. 
No  Address  .... 
Newburg,  N.  Y. . 
Saugerties,  N.  Y. 
Newfield,  N.  J... 
Buffalo,  N.  Y... 
Astoria,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 


my 


MEDALS  OF  HONOR 

Awarded  Officers  and  Men  of  the  77th  Division 

LiEUTENANT-CoLOiVEL  FREDERICK  E.  Smith,  308th  Infantry.     Awarded  February  20,  1919. 

(Deceased.) 

For  conspicuous  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  and  beyond  the  call  of  duty  in  action  with 
the  enemy,  near  Binarville,  France,  30th  September,  1918.  When  communication  from  the  forward 
regimental  post  of  command  to  the  battaUon  leading  the  advance  had  been  interrupted  tempo- 
rarily by  the  infiltration  of  small  parties  of  the  enemy,  armed  with  machine  guns,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Smith  personally  led  a  party  of  two  other  officers  and  ten  soldiers,  sent  forward  to  re- 
establish runner  posts  and  carry  ammunition  to  the  front  line.  The  guide  became  confused  and 
the  party  strayed  to  the  left  flank  beyond  the  outposts  of  supporting  troops,  suddenly  coming 
under  fire  from  a  group  of  enemy  machine  guns  only  50  yards  away.  Shouting  to  the  other  members 
of  his  party  to  take  cover,  this  officer,  in  disregard  of  his  own  danger,  drew  his  pistol  and  opened 
fire  on  the  German  gun  crew.  About  this  time  he  fell,  severely  wounded  in  the  side,  but  regaining 
his  footing,  he  continued  to  fire  on  the  enemy  until  most  of  the  men  in  his  party  were  out  of  danger. 
Refusing  first-aid  treatment,  he  then  made  his  way  in  plain  view  of  the  enemy  to  a  hand-grenade 
dump  and  returned  under  continued  heavy  machine-gun  fire  for  the  purpose  of  making  another 
attack  on  the  enemy  emplacements.  As  he  was  attempting  to  ascertain  the  exact  location  of  the 
nearest  nest,  he  again  fell,  mortally  wounded. 

Major  Charles  S.  Whittlesey,  308th  Infantry. 

For  conspicuous  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  and  beyond  the  call  of  duty  in  action  with 
the  enemy  northeast  of  Binarville,  in  the  Forest  d'Argonne,  France,  2  to  7  October,  1918. 

Although  cut  off'  for  five  days  from  the  remainder  of  his  division,  Major  Whittlesey  maintained 
his  position  which  he  had  reached  under  orders  received  for  an  advance,  and  held  his  command, 
consisting  originally  of  four  hundred  sixty-three  officers  and  men  of  the  308th  Infantry,  and  Company 
K  of  the  307th  Infantry,  together,  in  the  face  of  a  superior  number  of  the  enemy  during  the  five 
days.  Major  Whittlesey  and  his  command  were  thus  cut  off"  and  no  rations  or  other  supplies 
reached  him  in  spite  of  determined  efl'orts  which  were  made  by  his  division.  On  the  fourth  day 
Major  Whittlesey  received  from  the  enemy  a  written  proposition  to  surrender,  which  he  treated 
with  contempt,  although  he  was  at  that  time  out  of  rations  and  had  suffered  a  loss  of  fifty  per  cent, 
killed  and  wounded  of  his  command  and  was  surrounded  by  the  enemy. 

Home  address:     F.  R.  Whittlesey,  father,  38  Pomeroy  Avenue.  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

Captain  George  G.  McMurtry,  308th  Infantry. 

Captain  McMurtiy  commanded  a  portion  of  the  troops  in  the  pocket,  companies  E,  G,  H, 
308th  Infantry,  under  Major  Whittlesey.     His  citation  reads: 

For  conspicuous  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  and  beyond  the  call  of  duly  in  action  against 
the  enemy  at  Charlevaux,  in  the  Forest  d'Argonne,  France,  2  to  8,  October,  1918. 

Captain  McMurtry  commanded  a  battalion  which  was  cut  off  and  surrounded  by  the  enemy. 
Although  wounded  in  the  knee  by  shrapnel  on  October  4th  and  suffering  great  pain,  he  continued 
throughout  the  entire  period  to  encourage  his  officers  and  men  with  a  resistless  optimism  that 
contributed  largely  toward  jireventing  panic  and  disorder  among  the  troops,  who  were  without 
food  and  cut  off  from  communication  with  our  lines. 

On  October  1th  he  personally  directed  and  supervised  the  moving  of  the  wounded  to  shelter 
before  himself  seeking  shelter.  On  October  6th  he  was  again  wounded  in  the  shoulder  by  a  German 
grenade,  but  continued  personally  to  organize  and  direct  the  defense  against  the  (ierman  attack 
on  the  position  until  the  attack  was  defeated.     He  continued  to  direct  and  command  his  troops, 

[1911 


refusing  relief,  and  personally  led  his  men  out  of  the  position  after  assistance  arrived,  before  per- 
mitting himself  to  be  taken  to  the  hospital  on  October  8th.  During  this  period  the  successful 
(icfense  of  the  position  was  due  largely  to  his  efforts. 

Home  address:     22  East  70th  Street.  IVcw  York  City. 

Private  Archie  A.  Peck,  Co.  A,  307th  Infantry. 

For  conspicuous  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  and  beyond  the  call  of  duty  in  action  with 
the  enemy  in  the  Argonne  Forest,  France.  6th  October,  1918.  While  engaged  with  two  other 
soldiers  on  patrol  duty.  Private  Peck  and  his  comrades  were  subjected  to  the  direct  fire  of  an  enemy 
machine  gun,  at  which  time  both  his  companions  were  wounded.  Returning  to  his  Company  he 
obtained  another  soldier  to  accompany  him,  to  assist  in  bringing  in  the  wounded  men.  His 
assistant  was  killed  in  the  exploit,  but  Private  Peck  continued  on,  twice  returning  and  safely 
bringing  in  both  men,  being  under  terrific  machine-gun  fire  during  the  entire  journey. 

Next  of  kin:    J.  A.  Peck,  father,  145  Division  Street,  Hornell,  N.  Y. 


192 


DISTINGUISHED  SERVICE  CROSSES  AWARDED 

to  Officers  and  Men  of  the  77th  Division 


Major  General  Robert  Alexander  77  Div.,  2861 

Baltiruore,  Md. 
Wife — Mrs.  Robert  Alexander, 
Willard  Court, 

17th  and  Willard  Sis.,  N.W.. 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Colonel  George  Vidmer  306  Inf. 

Wife — Mrs.  George  Vidmer, 

17th  and  Riggs  PL, 

Washington,  D.  C. 
Colonel  Raymond  Sheldon  307  Inf. 

Mrs.  George  W.  Sheldon, 

113  Woodland  Ave., 

Summit,  N.  J. 

Lieut.-Col.  Creswell  GarUngton  G.  S.,  77  Div. 

Father — Brig.  Gen.  R.  A.  Garlington, 
c/o  Adjutant  General, 

Washington,  D.  C. 

Major  J.  O.  Adler  306  Inf.,  1302 

Father— H.  C.  Adler, 

Chattanooga  Times, 

Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Major  Kenneth  P.  Budd  308  Inf.,  2979 

No  further  information  available 

Captain  Alfred  S.  Griffiths  308  Inf.,  2869 

Wife— Naomi  Griffiths, 
Amityville, 

Long  Island,  N.  Y. 
Captain  William  Mack  305  Inf. 

Brother — W.  Lewis  Mack, 

811  Woodward  Ave., 

Detroit,  Mich. 
Captain  Bradford  Ellsworth,  306  Inf. 

Sister — Juliet  Innes  Ellsworth, 
145  East  52d  St., 

New  York,  N.  Y. 

Captain  Herman  Edward  Stadie  306  Inf. 

Sister — Ida  Stadie, 

Parkeston,  S.  D. 

Captain  Nelson  M.  Holderman  307  Inf. 

Wife — Mrs.  Marguerite  Holderman, 
General  Delivery, 

Santa  Ana,  Calif. 

Captain  Weston  C.  Jenkins  307  Inf. 

Home — 208  West  Thomas  St., 
Rome,  New  York. 

Captain  James  M.  McKibbin*  Med.  Corps 

Mrs.  Mary  McKibbin, 

533  Reynolds  Ave., 

Hagerstown,  Md. 

Captain  Allan  J.  MacDougall  (with  bar,  Jan.  10) 

141  Euclid  Ave.  East,  Detroit.        308  Inf. 


■  Deceased 


1st  Lt.  Robert  Haas  308  Inf. 

Father — K.  Ilass, 

7  East  69ih  St., 
New  York  City. 
1st  Lt.  Albert  E.  Angier*  308  Inf. 

Father — George  M.  Angier, 

244  Brighton  Ave., 

Boston,  Mass. 

1st  Lt.  Woodruff  Dobson  308  Inf.,  2865 

Father — Frank  Dobson, 

606  W.  146th  St., 

New  York  City. 

1st  Lt.  Theodore  S.  Kenyon  (now  Captain)       306  Inf. 
William  H.  Kenyon, 
W.  82d  St., 

New  York  City 
1st  Lt.  Robins  L.  Conn  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Martha  S.  Conn, 
360  W.  56th  St., 

New  York  City. 

1st  Lt.  Josiaha  A.  Powless*  Med.  Det.,  308  Inf. 

Mrs.  Josiaha  A.  Powless, 

West  De  Pere,  Wis. 

1st  Lt.  WiUiam  R.  Reid*  307  Inf. 

1st  Lt.  Arthur  Harrison  Robinson  308  Inf..  2926 

Mother — Mrs.  C.  L.  Robinson, 

2022  Jefferson  St., 
Madison,  Wis. 

Isl  Lt.  Richard  B.  Sheridan*  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Isabella  Sheridan, 
1875  Cropsey  Ave., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

1st  Lt.  William  O.  Sullivan  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Martha  J.  Sullivan. 

Norwood,  Col. 

1st  Lt.  Meredith  Wood  308  Inf. 

Father — Dr.  John  Scott  Wood, 
172  Sixth  Ave., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

1st  Lt.  Thomas  C.  CoUey  (now  Captain)  308  Inf. 

No  further  information  available. 

1st  Lt.  Paul  R.  Knight  (now  Captain)  308  Inf. 

Mrs.  Albert  Clinton  Knight, 
541  W.  34th  St., 

New  York  City. 
Isl  Ll.  W  illiani  J.  Cullen  (now  Captain)  308  Inf. 

Father — William  Cullen, 

1187  Woodycrest  Ave., 
New  York  City. 

1st  Lt.  Andre  de  Coppet  (now  Capt.)     A.  D.  C,  77  Div. 
Mother— 

3U  W.  85th  St., 

^ew  York  City. 


193 


1st  Lt.  C.  W.  Turner*  308  Inf. 

\Vife — Mrs.  Josephine  Turner, 
282  W.  16th  St.. 

New  York  City. 

1st  Lt.'John  A.  Walsh*  Co.  F,  302d  Engrs. 

Mother— Mrs.  Mary  Walsh, 

313  E.  85th  St.. 

N'ew  York  City. 
1st  Lt.  Michael  J.  Hayes*  306  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Julia  Hayes, 

9214  Empire  Ave., 

Cleveland,  Ohio. 

1st  Lt.'.Vlfred  W.  Gardner*  305  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Mary  E.  Gardner, 
325  W.  29th  St., 

New  York  City. 

1st  Lt.  James  Finlay  Brown*  302  Engrs. 

Wife — Mrs.  Olivine  K.  Brown, 
27  Lincoln  Place, 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

1st  Lt.  Charles  O'Brien*  306  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  M.  O'Brien, 

44  North  Main  St., 

Wilkes  Barre,  Pa. 

307  Inf. 

307  Inf. 

308  Inf. 
306  Inf. 
306  Inf. 


1st  Lieut.  Ward  B.  Chamberlin 

2  Rector  St.,  New  York  City. 

1st  Lieut.  Francis  W.  Gilbert 

389  Genesee  St.,  Utica,  N.  Y'. 

1st  Lieut.  Chas.  Ridgely 

No  further  information  a\  ailable. 

1st  Lieut.  Harry  S.  Silver 

606  N.  Blount  St.,  Raleigh,  N.  C. 

2d  Lt.  Charles  S.  Dennison  (now  1st  Lt.) 
Mother — Mrs.  C.  M.  Dennison, 

Denver,  Colo. 

2d  Lt.  E.  E.  McDoweU  (now  1st  Lt.)  305  Inf. 

Mother— Mrs.  LiUian  M.  McDoweU. 
132j2  0.\fordSt., 

Cambridge,  Mass. 

2d  Lt.  Leonard  Cox  (now  1st  Lt.)  305  Inf. 

Wife — Mrs.  Leonard  Co.x, 

157  E.  81st  St., 

New  York  City. 
2d  Lt.  E.  W.  .\kers  308  Inf. 

No  further  information  available. 

2d  Lt.  Arthur  A.  Robinson         Btry.  C,  305  Field  Art. 
Wife — Mrs.  Florence  E.  Robinson. 
1384  CoUege  Ave., 

Fresno,  Calif. 

2d  Lt.  John  B.  Flood  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Ellen  Flood, 

254  E.  60th  St., 

New  York  City. 

2d  Lt.  Harry  Rogers*  308  Inf. 

No  further  information  available. 

1st  Sgt.  Howard  F.  Mercer,  1708040       Co.  C,  308  Inf. 
106  E.  123rd  St,,  New  York  City. 


*  Pcceased, 


1st  Sgt.  Herman  M.  Sell.  1700766  Co.  A.  306  Inf. 

Jackson  .\ve.,  Seaford,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Jules  Gingras,  Jr.  (now  Sgt.,  1st  CI.).  1717529 

Co.  F,  302  Engrs. 
Friend — Miss  Grace  C.  Hammond, 
275  Church  St., 

Richmond  Hill.  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  George  W.  Beatly,  935602        Med.  Det..  306  Inf. 
Wife — Mrs.  George  W.  Beatty, 

1462  South  Sherman  St.. 
Denver,  Colo. 

Sgt.  William  Benjamin,  1706230  Co.  H.  307  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Sarah  Benjamin, 
804  E.  168th  St., 

New  York  City. 

Sgt.  Charles  A.  Briggs,  1711811    Co.  D,  306  M.  G.  Bn. 
Father — Charles  R.  Briggs, 

2  Howard  Ave., 

Binghamton,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  W  illiani  Muhrman,  1703888   Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf. 
John  Mohrman, 

170  Chauncey  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y'. 

Sgt.  .Vbraham  Belefant,  1703915    Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  Mary  Belefant. 

511  Willoughby  Ave., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  John  Bluhni.  1697164  Co.  B.  305  Inf. 

Rudolph  Blohm, 

4822  New  L'trecht  Ave., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

1st  Sgt.  Herman  J.  Bergasse,  1707565    Co.  A,  308  Inf. 
Sister — Mrs.  Charles  W  irth, 
431  E.  82d  St., 

New  York  City. 

Sgt.  Joseph  J.  Powers,  1708565  Co.  E,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Mary  Powers, 

343  Waverly  Ave., 

Brookl>Ti,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Edward  Carter,  1709698  Co.  I,  308  Inf. 

Father — Joseph  Carter, 

West  Rutland,  Vt. 

Sgt.  Benjamin  S.  Weber,  1705234  Co.  D,  307  Inf. 

Brother — Abe  S.  Weber, 

230  W.  111th  St., 

New  York  City. 

Sgt.  Charles  P.  Riley,  1709722  Co.  I,  308  Inf. 

Father — John  Riley, 

25  Gold  St., 

Norwich.  \.  Y. 

Sgt.  Raymond  Blackburn.  1708112         Co.  C,  308  Inf. 
Father — T.  L.  Blackburn. 

163  Warburton  .\ve.. 
Yonkers,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Wilhaui  Callahan,  1708546  Co.  E,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Katherine  CsfUahan, 
Drisbane.  Skibberene. 

County  Cork,  Ireland.^ 


[194 


Sgt.  James  H.  Quinn,  1709548  Co.  I,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Mary  L.  Quinn, 
1660  Monroe  Ave., 
New  York  City. 

Sgt.  Harry  Linilen.  1709302  Co.  H.  308  Inf. 

Wife— Clara  Linden, 

71a  Howard  Ave., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Anthony  J.  Kruger,  1709796  Co.  K,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mildred  Kruger, 

1702  Ocean  Ave., 
Patchogue,  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Jeremiah  Healey,  1709040  Co.  C.  308  Inf. 

Brother — Daniel  Healey, 

East  Pepperell,  Mass. 

Sgt.  James'East,  1707625  Co.  A,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Sally  East, 

Quinton,  Ky. 

Sgt.  Forny  B.  Mintz,  1707533  Co.  A,  308  Inf. 

Father— Sam  B.  Mintz, 

MiU  Branch,  N.  C. 

Sgt.  Francis  W.  Wagner,  1708042  Co.  C,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  F.  Wagner, 

1821  Prospect  Ave., 

New  York  City. 

Sgt.  Patrick  Freeman,  1701019  Co.  B.  306  Inf. 

Sister — Miss  Mary  Freeman, 
c/o  Hinkle  Smith, 
Bryn  Marr, 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Sgt.  Frank  J.  Roskoski,  1717519  Co.  F,  302  Engrs. 

Mother — Mrs.  Josephine  Roskoski, 
1488  Bondell  Ave., 

Bronx,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Oscar  P.  Lippe,  1707011*  Co.  L,  307  Inf. 

Brother — Vincent  S.  Lippe, 

150  Nassau  St.. 

New  York  City. 

Sgt.  Raymond  Gill,  1708391*  Co.  \.  308  Inf. 

No  further  information  a\allal)lr. 

Sgt.  William  J.  McGUnchey,  1696992*   Co.  A,  305  Inf. 
No  further  information  available. 

Sgt.  Edward  P.  Morrissey,  1716036     Co.  C.  302  Engrs. 
41  Greenwood  Place,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Sgt.  Arthur  Norwat,  1710316*  Co.  M,  308  Inf. 

No  further  information  available. 

Sgt.  William  Thomas,  1717272*  Co.  D,  302  Engrs. 

No  further  inforniatioii  available. 

Corpl.  Herman  Nubel,  1707128  (now  Sgt.) 

Co.  L,  307  Inf. 
Mother— Mrs.  A.  Nubel, 

166  Ivy  St., 

Elmhurst,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Louis  Sorrow,1919060  Co.  B,  307  Inf. 

Sister — Mrs.  Minnie  Soneu, 

835  Beck  St., 

Bronx,  N.  Y. 


■  Deceased. 


Curi.l.  Henry  McPherson,  1681718  Co.  C,  306  Inf. 

Sister — Miss  Grace  McPherson, 
431  Rockland  St., 

Abington,  Mass. 

Corpl.  Vincent  P.  Zielinski,  1702716        Co.  H,  306  Inf. 
Mother — Eva  Zielinski, 

112  Gorski  St., 

Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Henry  Bateman,  1705363    Hdqtrs.  Co.,  307  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  Hattie  H.  Bateman, 
133  Livingston  St., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Gustave  II.  Johnson,  1714321 

Btry.  C,  305  Field  Art. 
Mother — Mrs.  Pilla  Johnson, 
128  Fifth  Ave., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Cori)l.  Thomas  F.  Maroney,  1708059      Co.  C,  308  Inf. 
Brother — John  Maroney, 

110  nth  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Joseph  Vedialgo*  Co.  A,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Grace  Vedialgo, 
Lotts  Lane, 

Jamaica,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Joseph  Sauer,  1708815*  Co.  F,  308  Inf. 

Cousin — John  Leppig, 

101  Ave.  A, 

New  York  City. 

Corpl.  James  Dolan,  1709086  Co.    G,   308    Inf. 

Sister — Mary  K.  Dolan, 

107  Maple  St., 

Naugatuck,  Conn. 

Corpl.  Carmine  Felitto,  1708450  Co.  D,  308  Inf. 

Father — Pasquale  FeUtto, 

130  Baxter  St., 

New  York  City. 

( '.orpl.  Haakon  Ros.sum,  1709067  Co.  G,  308  Inf. 

Wife — Mrs.  Mary  Rossum, 
251  52d  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Irving  Klein,  1707558  Co.  A,  308  Inf.,  2871 

Brother — Bernard  Klein, 

121  Ludlow  St., 

Yonkers,  N.  Y. 

C.orpl.  Frank  H.  Carpenter,  1680323*      Co.  C,  307  Inf. 
Harry  Carpenter, 

I  Summer  St., 

Lockport,  N.  Y. 

Cnrpl.  JauKs  II.  Collins,  1710117  Co.  L,  308  Inf. 

Father — Thomas  Collins, 

Sag  Harbor,  Long  Island.  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Joseph  A.  McAllister,  1706239*   Co.  H,  307  Inf. 
Father — Joseph  J.  McAllister, 

281  Lelferts  Ave., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  Charles  Britt,  3182478  Co.  H.  307  Inf. 

Cornwall-on-Hudson,  N.  Y. 


195 


Corpl.  Patrick  J.  CairoU.  1700228  Co.  F.  306  Inf. 

158  E.  102d  St..  Now  York  City. 

Corpl.  James  J.  Murphy,  1706971  Co.  K.  307  Inf. 

58  Hull  St..  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Corpl.  William  Rochkind,  1699283  Co.  I,  M):,  Inf. 

228  Clinton  St.,  New  York  City 

Corpl.  Frank  Schultz.  2443933  Co.  C,  302  Engrs. 

393  Westervelt  Ave.,  Tompkins\-ille,  X.  Y'. 

Cook  William  Shefrin,  1701301*  Co.  C,  306  Inf. 

Father — Nathan  Shefrin, 

210  17th  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y'. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI..  Carl  I.  Johnson,  1721217-    Co.  B.  306  Inf. 
Friend — Miss  Emily  Corcoran, 
306  W.  72nd  St., 

New  York  City. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Jack  Herschkowitz,  1708138 

Co.  C,  308  Inf. 
Father — Samuel  Herschkowitz, 

533  Knickerbocker  Ave., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Pvt..  1st  CI.,  John  J.  Mon,son,  1707736    Co.  A,  308  Inf. 
Sister — Mrs.  Mary  Furry, 

268  56th  St.. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y'. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  George  Goumas,  1918987    Co.  B,  307  Iiif 
Cousin — George  Teipouras, 

90  Park  Place, 

Marietta,  Ga. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Barney  Bardnian,  1701820* 

Co.  B,  307  Inf. 
Father — Shunilu  Burdu, 
Dzuren. 

Russia. 

Pvt..  1st  CI.,  Orrie  A.  Clark,  1679806      Co.  F,  307  Inf. 
Geneva,  N.  Y'. 

P\l.  Sing  Kee,  1702357  (now  Color  Sgt.) 

Hdqtrs.  Co.,  306  Inf. 
Father — Chung  Kee, 

602  North  4th  St., 

San  Jose,  Calif. 

P\  t.  Joseph  Charles,  1721431  (now  Sgt.) 

Co.  L,  307  Inf 
Mother — Mrs.  Marie  Arlington, 

High  Falls,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  Patrick  Rockford,  1710149  (now  Sgt.) 

Co.  L,  30K  Inf. 
Sister — Mrs.  Mary  O'Mally. 

73  Smith  St., 

Roxbury,  Mass. 

Pvt.,  1st  CI..  Joseph  Usac,  1707692  Co.  A,  308  Inf. 

Miss  Anna  Usac, 

150  Meeker  St., 

Brooklvn,  N.  Y. 


Pvt.,  1st  C.I.,  Enoch  Christianson 
Tillie  .\nder.son, 

Rodtagen,  Norway 


Co.  A,  308  Inf. 


'  Deceased. 


Pvt..  1st  CI..  Jack  D.  Gehris  Med.  Dct..  308  Inf. 

Friend — Pearl  AUegars. 

134  West  Geopp  St., 
Bethleham,  Pa. 

Pvl..  1st  CI..  Edward  T.  Van  Duzer        Co.  K.  308  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  Eleanor  Van  Duzer, 
232  53d  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

IM.,  Isl  CI..  Francis  Considine,  1707613 

Co.  A.  308  Inf. 
Father — John  Considine, 

179  Baylston  St., 

Watertown,  N.  Y"^. 

Pvt.,  Isl  CI.,  James  Tappen.  1708342*    Co.  D,  308  Inf. 
Father — James  Tappen, 

67  Harrison  St.. 
Stapleton. 

Staten  Island.  N.  Y'. 

P\  t.,  1st  CI.,  Samuel  D.  Grobtuck,  1709848* 

Co.  K,  308  Inf. 
Father — Abraham  Grobtuck, 
94  Orchard  St., 

New  Y'ork  City. 

Pvt..  1st  CI.,  RusseU  L.  DuBois        Med.  Det.,  308  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  Catherine  DuBois 

Aimandale-on-Hudson,  N.  Y. 

P\t.  Irving  Sirota,  1711216  Med.  Det.  308  Inf. 

Uncle — M.  Ginsberg, 

1237  Eastern  Parkway, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y'. 

\\  t.  Irving  L.  Liner.  1708384  Co.  D.  308  Inf. 

Father — Max  Liner, 

573  Schenck  Ave., 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  Harold  Batley,  1681167  Co.  C,  308  Inf. 

Father— John  A.  Batley, 

Orchard  St., 

Rochester,  N.  Y'. 

Pvt.  Joseph  Vercruysse,  1646636  Co.  H,  306  Inf. 

Friend — Joseph  de  Bishop, 

1723  41st  St.. 

Oakland,  Cal. 

Pvt.  Peter  Matter,  1680849  Co.  E,  307  Inf. 

Sister-in-law — Mrs.  Joseph  Matter, 
1212  Whirlpool  St., 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y'. 

Pvt.  Sidney  Smith,  3129935  Co.  H,  308  Inf. 

Father — Edwin  Smith. 

Pearl,  111. 

I'\  t.  George  W.  Holley,  170.5295  Co.  D,  307  Inf. 

Mother — Tilamon  Holley, 

17  Pratt  St., 

Mount  Vernon,  N.  Y. 

P\  t.  William  C.  E\  ans,  488438         San.  Det.,  306  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  D.  S.  Evans, 

18  Mitchell  St., 

Plainsville,  Pa. 


196 


Pvt.  Clifford  R.  Brown,  I6H0666  Co.  C,  SOK  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Eva  Brown, 

R.  F.  D.  No.  61, 

Ashvillc.  N.  V. 

Pvt.  Stanislaw  Kosikowski,  ITOHI."):!        Co.  C.  :!(!!!  Inf. 
Brother— Joseph  Kosikowski. 
l'».i  Hall   \\e., 

.MH.spelh,  L.  1.,  N.  \. 

Pvt.  Patrick  llendrichs,  1708137  Co.  C,  3(11!  Inf. 

Father — Harry  Hendrichs, 
B.  McClain, 

1  Broadway, 
New  York  City. 

Pvt.  James  Snilivan,  1702.578  Co.  II,  30()  Inf. 

Sister— Miss  Mary  Sullivan, 
3  Hall  Ave., 

Newport,  R.  I. 

Pvt.  PhiUp  Cepe^lia,  1708116  Co.  C,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Angelina  Cepeglia, 

630  W.  188th  St., 

New  York  City. 

Pvt.  James  M.  Brapg,  754936  Med.  Det.,  308  Inf. 

Father— Mr.  G.  F.  BraKfi, 

Boggs,  Wilsler  Co., 

West  Va. 

Pvt.  Abraham  Krotoshinsky,  170685.5    Co.  K,  307  Inf. 
M.  Newman. 

811  Bitter  Place. 

Bronx,  !\ew  York  City. 

Pvt.  Grover  Suihvan.  1683735  Co.  L,  306  Inf. 

Uncle — George  O'Leary, 
Elm  St., 

Norwood.  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  Francis  L.  Monk.  3138521  Co.  B,  307  Inf. 

Half-brother — Chris  \V   Anderson, 

Benson,  Utah. 

Pvt.  John  A.  Dilliard.  1711.535     Co.  B,  306  M.  G.  Bn 
Home — 476  Clinton  .\ve., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  Reginoll  C.  Scott,  3131234  Co.  L.  305  Inf. 

Wife— Mrs.  Carol  Scott. 
Jone. 

W  ashington. 

Pvt.  Robert  L.  Crandall,  3127323  Co.  A,  305  Inf. 

Father — Andrew  .1.  Crandall, 

IVna,  Ulah. 

Pvt.  Solomon  Shahwood,  211 1687  Co.  A,  305  Inf. 

Cousin — George  Abraham, 

Myers,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  John  E.  Gartright,  1707274*  Co.  M,  307  Inf. 

Wife — Laura  Gartright, 

31  Sullivan  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  Aaron  Yamin,  1701168*  Co.  B,  306  Inf. 

Mother — Mis.  Hilda  Yamin, 

322  E.  101st  St., 

New  York  City. 

*  Deceased. 


P\l.  Henry  Miller.  1708665*  Co.  11.  308  Inf. 

Wife— Mrs.  Elizabeth  Miller, 
312  W.  161st  St.. 

New  York  Cily. 

IM.  JoM|,li  IVicl.  1707631*  Co.   \.  308  Inf. 

Mrs.  Marx   I.  Friel. 

301  K.  761  h  St.. 

New  York  Cil\. 

IM.   Mlicrl  C.  Peterson,  278805*  Co.  B,  307  Inf. 

Father — Louis  C.  Peterson. 

Stacy,  Minn. 

Pvt.  James  F.  Kobernat,  1 129404*         Co.  M,  307  Inf. 
Brother — Joe  Kobernat, 

Hill  City,  Minn. 

IM.  Earl  Millsap,  2788815*  Co.  B,  307  Inf. 

Brother — Joe  Millsap, 

Box  142, 

.\rcten,  Wash. 

IM.  Henry  Kessler,  1708151  Co.  C,  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  H.  P.  Kessler. 

1125  Halsey  St., 

New  York  City. 

IM.  Frank  Pollinger,  1683093  Co.  G,  308  Inf. 

Wife— Mabel  V.  Pollinger, 

29  Endicott  St., 

Worcester,  Mass. 

Pvl.  William  Begley,  1709131*  Co.  G,  308  Inf. 

No  further  information  available. 

I'vt.  Charles  W.  Whiting,  1681631* 

Hdqtrs.  Co..  308  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  A.  S.  Battles, 
66  Main  St., 

.\vori,  Mass. 

I'\t.  James  F.  Nash,  1709870  Co.  K.  308  Inf. 

Father — Dennis  Nash, 

2231  83d  St.. 

Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

IM.   Mgol  Johnson,  1707512  Co.  A.  308  Inf 

Brother — Gswald  Johnson. 

515  E.  184lh  St., 

New  York  City. 

Pvl.  Irving  Woolf,  16.57465  Co.  1    308  Inl. 

Father — Ozias  Woolf, 

71  Fenwick  St., 

Hartford,  Conn. 

IM    John  C.  Lenahan.  1710292*  Co.  M.  308  Inf. 

Mother — Mrs.  Lucy  Lenahan, 
154  Huron  St., 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  William  V.  Baxter,  1711191      Med.  Det.,  308  Inf. 
Mother — Mrs.  James  Baxter, 

Red  Hook,  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  Harry  B.  Clemenlson,  3130713       Co.  A,  305  Inf. 
Eagle  Bend,  Minn. 

Pvt.  G.  W.  Hall,  2444063*  M.  G.  Co.,  305  inl. 

No  further  information  available. 


197 


I'vt.  r.hrislii.n  Kuilc.  liliiTIM  Co.  II,  .iOT  Inf. 

Angela,  Mont. 

IM.  II<-rb.rt  \V.  Mackmer,  1712678*     Co.  A,  ;505  Inf. 
No  further  information  available. 

I'Nt.  Batiste  Maraslia.  lf)81171  (>>.  L,  ilO-J  Inf. 

No  furtlier  inforinalion  available. 


Pvt.,  1st  CI.,  Joseph  Passaliunie,  1706135 

Co.  G,  307  Inf. 
122  Maryland  St.,  BulValo,  N.  Y. 

Pvt.  William  J.  Pederson,  3125361  Co.  II,  3(17  Inf. 

Route  No.  1.  Becker,  Mont. 


Deceased. 


CROIX  DE  GUERRE  AWARDED 


Brig.-Gen.  Michael  J.  Lenihan  153  Inf.,  77  Div. 

Wife— Mathilda  O.  T.  Lenihan. 
1834  I  St.,  N.  W ., 

Washington,  D.  C. 

Captain  Snowden  Fahnstock  308  Inf. 

Wife — Elizabeth  Fahnstock, 
14  E.  76th  St., 

New  York  City. 


Captain  Andre  de  Coppet 
314  W.  85th  St., 

New  York  City. 


Aide  de  Camp. 


Major-General  Robert  Alexander  77  Di\ 

Wife— Mrs.  Robert  Alexander. 
Willard  Court. 

17th  and  Willard  Sts.,  N.  W., 
Washington,  D.  C. 
Captain  Fred  N.  Insinger  Cavalry 

No  address 
1st  Lt.  Henri  de  La  Chapelle  Inf. 

No  address 
2d  Lt.  John  B.  Flood  Co.  C,  308  Inf. 

Mother— Mrs.  Ellen  Flood, 

254  E.  65th  St., 

New  York  City. 


LEGION  OF  HONOR  AWARDED 

Brig.-Gen.  Michael  J.  Lenihan  153  Inf.,  77  Div. 

Wife— Mathilde  O.  T.  Lenihan, 
1834  I  St.,  N  W., 

Washington,  D  C. 


198 


THE  SO-CALLED  "LOST  BATTALION" 


N  the  heart  of  the  Argonne  Forest  there  is  a  deep  rectangular  ravine  so  formed, 
that  it  is  enclosed  front  and  rear  and  on  both  sides  by  steep,  wooded  slopes. 
\  little  brook  coursing  from  east  to  west  had  been  joined  in  primeval  days 
1)>  a  small  tributary  flowing  directly  from  the  south,  thus  disclosing  nature's 
instruments  in  the  i)roduction  of  this  peculiar  geographical  formation.  Sun- 
light seldom  penetrates  into  this  valley,  shaded  by  thick  forest  growth.  It 
is  always  sombre  and  still  there. 

Before  the  Americans  went  through  the  Argonne,  the  place  where  these 
two  streams  meet  had  been  known  as  the  head  of  the  Ravine  de  Charlevaux. 
Thereafter,  and  for  all  time,  it  will  be  known  as  "The  Pocket. "     It  is  the  spot  where  the  "Lost  Bat- 
talion" fought.     It  is  hallowed  ground  where  starving  heroes  resisted  against  overwhelming  odds 
with  "No  surrender"  for  their  watchword. 

In  the  bitter  struggle  through  the  P\)resl  of  Argonne,  the  77th  Division  after  seven  days  of 
continuous  fighting  found  its  advance  on  October  2d  almost  at  a  stand-still  before  strongly  wired 
and  entrenched  enemy  positions.  These  positions  extended  along  the  ridge  of  Bois  de  la  Naza, 
across  the  Ravine  de  Charlevaux,  thence  westerly  over  a  wide  hill  to  a  second  ravine  beyond,  where 
they  connected  with  enemy  trenches  extending  southward  from  La  Palette  Pavillicm.  The  most 
westerly  of  the  two  ravines  ran  north  and  south,  through  the  middle  of  the  308lh  Infantry's  sector 
on  the  left  of  our  line.  A  wild  tangle  of  trees,  vines  and  undergrowth  covered  the  entire  region 
through  which  this  system  of  defences  was  constructed. 

Attack  after  attack  was  made  by  our  forces,  only  to  meet  impenetrable  machine-gun  fire  from 
skillfully  concealed  guns  covering  every  foot  of  this  front.  The  least  movement  in  our  lines  was 
detected  and  invariably  brought  down  instant  fire. 

The  situation  was  critical.  The  success  of  our  operations  depended  upon  breaking  through  the 
enemy  line.  At  this  juncture,  an  attack  without  regard  to  losses  was  ordered  along  the  entire 
divisional  sector  to  start  at  12:50  P.  M.  on  the  2d  of  October,  supported  by  a  barrage  from  the  artil- 
lery and  a  simultaneous  attack  by  the  French  holding  the  Binarville  sector  to  the  West. 

The  attack  was  made.  Elements  from  two  battalions  of  the  308th  Infantry,  accompanied  by 
sections  from  Companies  C  and  D  of  the  306th  Machine  (um  Battalion,  found  an  apparently  un- 
defended spot  in  the  bed  of  the  north  and  .south  ravine,  and  quickly  filtered  through.  This  force, 
commanded  by  Major  Charles  S.  Whittlesey,  was  under  orders,  if  successful  in  breaking  through,  to 
push  forward  to  Charlevaux  Mills  and  hold  that  position  until  the  other  elements  of  our  line  had 
reached  it. 

Leaving  D  and  F  Companies  in  position  on  the  western  side  of  the  ravine.  Companies  A,  B,  C, 
E,  G  and  H  of  the  308th,  with  the  machine  gunners,  advanced  on  the  east  side,  and  by  six  in  the 
evening  reached  their  objective.  About  ninety  casualties  from  Hanking  machine-gun  fire  were 
suffered  on  the  way,  but  the  advanced  battalion  had  captured  from  the  enemy  two  officers,  twenty- 
eight  privates  and  three  machine  guns  and  crossed  his  heavily  wired  trench  system.  The  same  night, 
the  3(1  Battalion  of  the  307th  Infantry  attempted  to  follow.  Company  K  alone  succeeding  in  getting 
through  and  joining  Major  Whittlesey  in  the  morning. 

All  would  have  been  well  had  the  flanking  elements  been  successful.  But  the  307th  was  held 
up  before  Bois  de  la  Naza  and  the  French  were  checked  in  front  of  La  Palette  Pavillion.  That 
night,  the  enemy  strung  wire  across  the  path  through  the  ravine  that  our  advanced  units  had  taken, 
and  posted  additional  machine  guns  to  cover  the  valley.  This  linked  up  the  two  sections  of  their 
trench  system  and  placed  a  closed  (ierman  line  to  the  rear  of  Major  Whittlesey's  command. 


199 


Views  of  the  Pocket 
[200] 


Arrived  at  the  hill,  south  of  Binarville-la  ^'ie^gette  Road,  Major  WTiittlesey  took  up  a  position 
for  the  night  near  the  crest  of  the  hill  in  the  vicinity  of  Bois  de  Buirrone,  about  500  meters  east  of 
the  MouUn  de  Charlevaux.  It  was  a  steep  slope  covered  with  underbrush  and  young  timber.  In 
order  to  reach  the  position,  the  600  men  of  his  command,  including  the  machine  gunners  with  their 
guns  and  tripods  on  their  shoulders,  in  the  growing  darkness  filed  down  the  northern  slope  of  the 
southern  hill,  through  the  morass  at  the  bottom  of  the  ravine,  and  across  the  stream  over  a  bridge 
of  planks.  As  they  crossed  the  brook,  to  right  and  left  of  them,  the  view  along  the  valley  was  open, 
with  high  ground  rising  at  the  end  of  each  vista.  To  the  front  could  be  seen  the  Binarville-la 
Viergette  Road,  about  a  hundred  yards  from  the  crest  and  along  the  slope  on  the  side  of  which  the 
halt  was  made. 

Digging  funk-holes  was  a  severe  work,  for  the  ground  was  hard  and  stony.  Though  they  had 
no  blankets,  overcoats  or  other  covering,  the  men  spent  a  rather  restful  night  Machine  guns 
posted  to  the  front  and  flanks  were  undisturbed  by  enemy  movements. 

At  daybreak  on  the  3d,  Company  E.  under  Lieutenant  Wilhelm,  was  sent  back  to  attack  from 
the  west  of  the  ravine  thereby  assisting  Companies  D  and  F  in  moving  forward.  Details 
started  for  rations,  as  the  men  had  gone  forward  carrying  only  one  day's  rations.  AH  reserve 
rations  had  been  consumed  during  the  early  phase  of  the  advance.  Fortunately  water  was  found 
at  a  spring  just  south  of  the  position.     These  ration  details  never  returned. 

At  half-past  8  A.  M.,  German  artillery  sheUed  the  position,  but  without  serious  effect  owing  to 
the  steep  reverse  slope.  Because  of  our  position,  the  enemy's  artillery  never  became  effective. 
Patrols  had  been  sent  out,  but  soon  returned  with  disturbing  report  of  Germans  on  the  right  and 
left  flanks  in  smaU  numbers  and  the  impossibiUty  of  estabhshing  haison  in  either  direction.  At 
about  this  time.  Captain  Holderman  with  Co.  K  of  the  307th,  consisting  of  79  men,  arrived  and 
took  position  on  the  right  flank. 

At  10  A.  M.  Lieutenant  Lenke  returned  with  18  men  from  E  Company,  reporting  that  that 
company  had  been  surrounded  and  that  Lieutenant  Wilhelm  had  ordered  him  to  get  his  platoon  out 
by  any  means  possible.  Lieutenant  Wilhelm  subsequently  worked  his  way  through  with  a  few 
remaining  men. 

A  German  trench  mortar  suddenly  opened  fire,  from  600  yards  to  the  west.  Scouts  reported 
the  mortar  protected  by  machine  guns.  A  platoon  was  sent  to  attack  the  mortar  but  met  with 
severe  machine-gun  fire  and  did  not  succeed  in  its  mission.  The  platoon  brought  back  a  prisoner  who 
stated  that  his  company  of  70  men  had  been  brought  in  during  the  night  to  take  position  in  our  rear. 

Half  an  hour  later  a  report  was  received  that  the  runner  post  system  in  the  rear  had  been 
broken,  two  posts  having  been  attacked  and  scattered  by  the  Germans.  A  message  reporting 
this  fact  was  immediately  dispatched  to  regimental  headquarters  by  carrier  pigeons.  From  this 
time  on,  it  was  impossible  to  re-establish  communication  to  the  rear  for  several  days. 

The  Battahon  was  cut  off! 

To  meet  the  situation,  the  forces  on  the  hill  were  disposed  in  a  square  formation  to  repel  attack 
from  any  side,  and  the  machine  guns  posted  to  guard  the  flanks  and  sweep  the  ravine. 

Along  toward  dusk  the  murmur  of  voices  could  be  heard  to  the  left  flank.  A  patrol  that  had 
been  sent  out  earher  in  the  day  failed  to  report  back.  Cossack  posts  which  had  been  established  well 
outside  of  the  position  were  drawn  in.  AU  reported  seeing  large  groups  of  the  enemy  through  the 
trees.  The  voices  came  closer  and  were  now  unmistakably  German.  A  command  to  '"stand  to" 
was  given.  The  babel  continued  in  excited  tones  with  a  plenteous  sprinkling  of  the  word  '"  Ameri- 
kaner. "  There  was  no  doubt  of  their  intention  to  attack,  but  where  and  how  were  the  questions 
that  interested  our  Ustening  men. 

The  voices  on  our  left  were  joined  by  others  on  our  front.  Evidently  another  platoon  was 
coming  into  position.  Darkness  had  set  in,  and  even  without  the  dense  foliage  obstructing  the  view, 
observation  would  have  been  impossible. 

The  ammunition  of  our  men  was  Umited.  When  a  nervous  soldier  on  the  left  discharged  his 
piece  he  was  cautioned  "Steady"  and  the  rest  of  the  hne  kept  steady. 

The  babel  had  now  reached  an  excited  pitch  on  our  front,  on  the  left  and  in  our  rear. 

Our  front  line  rested  on  the  road  cut  into  the  side  of  the  slope,  and  above  the  road  was  a  clifT, 
18  or  20  feet  high.     The  presence  of  Germans  on  this  cUff  was  reported  by  a  returning  scout. 

[2011 


Suddenly  from  the  top  of  the  clitT,  the  voice  that  had  been  doing  most  of  the  talking  eallod  out 
"Adolph!"  The  answer  came  from  our  left,  "Hier  Eitel."  Another  gutteral  "Hier"  sounded 
in  our  rear.  Then,  "Nun  Alles  ist  in  Stellung"  (Now  everyone  is  in  position),  "Dritte  Kompagnie 
alles  zusammen!"  (Third  Company  all  together!) 

"Dritte  Kompagnie"  obeyed  implicitly,  and  our  soldiers  were  treated  to  a  ferocious  coordinated 
potato-masher  attack.  Potato  mashers  dropped  in  clusters  from  the  trees  above  them,  they  came 
from  all  sides,  singly  and  in  twos  and  threes,  and  exploded  with  a  terriflc  uproar.  Again  the  officers 
cautioned  tiie  men  to  be  "steady."  Everyone  remained  calm,  though  admittedly  anxious.  The 
attack,  wliile  seemingly  of  longer  duration,  lasted  not  more  than  ten  minutes. 

Again  the  loud  talking  started.  Again  the  Boche  platoon  chiefs  in  answer  to  their  leaders 
called  out,  "hier. "  This  time  they  became  a  little  careless  and  showed  some  movement  up  over  the 
cUff",  and  on  our  left.  They  were  becoming  bold  at  our  apparent  "inaction."  Yet  each  of  our 
men  had  his  piece  loaded  and  cocked  and  his  eye  on  the  barrel,  looking  at  his  front.  Word  was 
passed  that  when  the  command  was  given  to  fire,  the  aim  should  be  low  and  following  the  ground. 

Again  "Alles  ist  in  Stellung,"  came  to  the  ears  of  our  men.  But  the  rest  of  the  command. 
"Alles  zusammen"  was  never  uttered.  "Commence  firing,"  rang  out  over  our  fine  and  the  crack  of 
rifle-fire  that  traveled  around  our  position  was  almost  instantaneous.  The  Boche  were  caught  out 
of  their  funk-holes  in  erect  positions,  as  the  cries  that  rang  through  the  forest  proved.  The  potato 
mashing  was  checked,  but  machine-gun  fire  from  our  rear  raking  the  entiie  field  was  their  answer 
to  our  volley.  "Alles  zusammen"  was  heard  no  more  that  night  nor  were  there  any  more  roll  calls  of 
Boche  platoon  leaders.  After  ten  minutes  of  intense  barrage,  the  enemy  machine  guns  quieted 
down  and  thereafter  during  the  night  indulged  only  in  occasional  bursts  of  harassing  fire. 

During  the  attaik,  the  captain  in  command  on  our  left  flank  sent  a  runner  to  battalion  head- 
quarters for  reinforcements.  The  runner  obtained  eight  men  and  rejoined  the  company  with 
three.  Again  the  runner  was  dispatched  for  assistance.  This  time  he  started  back  with  twelve 
and  lost  four  in  the  machine-gun  barrage. 

The  losses  in  killed  and  wounded  in  the  first  day's  fighting  had  by  October  Ith  reduced  the  effect- 
ive strength  of  the  forces,  including  K  Company,  307th  Infantry,  and  the  machine  gunners,  to  520 
men.  During  that  day  and  the  succeeding  days  there  was  a  constant  drain  on  this  small  band 
for  patrols  and  runners  sent  out  in  an  increased  effort  to  get  in  touch  with  regimental  headquarters 
in  the  rear.  These  patrols  were  uniformly  unsuccessful.  They  never  got  through  the  tiermans 
on  the  heights  to  the  south.  During  the  day  of  the  4th,  the  men  were  beginning  to  suffer  from 
lack  of  food.  There  were  occasional  bursts  of  machine-gun  fire  and  two  trench-mortar  attacks, 
of  an  hour  duration  each,  but  it  was  not  until  I  P.  M.  that  the  organized  attack  was  launched  once 
more  on  our  left  and  rear. 

Again  the  voices  in  command  called  out  to  the  platoon  leaders  on  all  four  sides  of  us.  but  the 
names  he  called  were  different  from  those  of  the  day  before.  Then  the  Boche  tried  a  trick.  One 
of  oui'  men  was  noticed  by  an  officer  putting  on  his  pack  and  preparing  to  leave  his  funk-hole. 
The  amazed  officer  inquired  what  this  movement  meant.  The  man  stated  that  word  had  been  passed 
from  the  right  to  get  ready  to  move,  because  the  (iermans  had  chased  the  Americans  back  and  it 
had  been  decided  to  retire  from  the  position.  This  was  the  first  intimation  our  men  had  that  the 
enemy  included  English-speaking  Huns  and  that  the  latter  were  playing  the  bold  stroke  of  sending 
fake  messages  into  our  lines.  The  rumors  of  retirement  was  quickly  squelched  and  oin-  men  all 
stayed  quietly  in  their  places. 

When  the  Huns  figured  that  enough  time  had  elapsed  for  all  our  men  to  be  standing  on  their 
feet,  suddenly,  with  a  terrific  roar  and  tearing  crash,  every  one  of  their  machine  guns  opened  up  on 
our  positions  at  once.  While  the  fire  was  coming  from  rear  and  flanks,  a  fusilade  of  potato- 
mashers  and  grenades  descended  from  the  cliff"  in  our  front.  Then,  as  suddenly  as  it  had  started, 
the  machine-gun  fire  stopped  and  a  M)ice  called  out,  "Gaz  Masks!"  The  pronunciation  of  the  words 
was  unmistakably  (itMinan  and  the  command  in  form  was  obviously  wrong.  So  nobody  was  fooled, 
"(ias  masks  hell!"  called  out  one  of  our  men  on  the  right,  as  he  fired  in  the  direction  of  the  voice. 
Immediately,  an  unearthly  howl  went  up,  of  the  kind  emitted  only  by  a  wounded  Boche. 

Throughout  the  night  the  fighting  continued,  with  machine-gun  sniping  and  potato-mashers 
t>n  the  part  of  the  enemy,  and  our  men  firing  every  time  they  heard  a  voice  or  movement.     Many 

I  202  1 


Viewi  of  the  Pocket 
[203  1 


of  their  shots  reached  the  mark.  The  woods  on  the  outskirts  of  our  positions  where  the  Boche 
were  lurking  were  filled  with  moaning  and  howling  until  well  on  into  the  next  day. 

From  that  time  on,  the  15oche  called  out  many  of  his  connnands  in  English.  Menacing  shouts 
such  as  '"First,  Second  and  Third  Companies  this  way  "  and  "  Bring  up  ten  machine  guns  on  the  left, " 
interspersed  with  a  wide  vanity  of  jeering  remarks,  all  in  perfect  l-^nglish,  were  tlirown  out  to  tanta- 
Uze  our  men.  The  talk  was  not  one  sided,  however.  The  Boche  were  told  in  plain  language, 
English  and  Gerhian,  what  the  world  thought  of  them.  One  epithet  in  this  repartee  that  always 
infuriated  them  into  silence  was  "Wint  Betebren"  a  rather  opprobious  term,  hateful  to  the  military 
class,  which  means  literally  "Wind-bag  ring,  or  circle  or  group." 

To  follow  the  sequence  of  events  in  '"The  Pocket"  and  to  distinguish  between  the  attacks  that 
were  hurled  against  its  defenders  in  the  next  three  days  is  almost  an  impossibility.  To  the  men  who 
went  thi'ough  the  experience  it  was  a  hideous  nightmare.  I'nder  the  constant  strain  of  defending 
themselves  at  all  times  from  every  conceivable  kind  of  an  attack,  launched  from  ev  ery  one  of  four 
directions  and  sometimes  from  all  four  at  once,  elemental  considerations  alone  swayed  them.  The 
necessity  of  constant  alertness  for  their  own  preservation,  the  passionate  desire  to  kill  the  enemy, 
to  destroy  as  many  as  possible  of  the  mocking  devils  who  were  calling  out  jests  and  jeers  from 
secure  concealment,  controlled  their  thoughts  and  regulated  their  existence. 

One  day  was  like  another.  Starvation  was  creeping  on  them.  There  were  no  meal  times  to 
mark  the  flight  of  time.  There  was  water  in  the  brook  flowing  through  the  bed  of  the  ravine. 
But  the  price  of  a  drink  of  water  by  day  was  a  hfe.  At  night,  the  Boche  played  Ms  machine  guns 
on  the  water  holes  and  it  was  only  by  great  good  luck  that  a  man  could  secure  a  supply  and  win 
his  way  back  to  his  funk-hole  in  safety.  Rain  fell  almost  continuously.  The  nights  were  damp 
and  cold.  The  men,  without  blankets,  overcoats  or  other  shelter,  shivered  till  daylight  and  got 
httle  rest. 

At  intervals,  the  enemy  trench  mortars,  firing  at  practically  point  blank  range  from  the  left 
flank,  tore  up  the  entire  slope  to  which  our  men  were  cUnging.  The  hill  became  a  tangle  of  twisted 
shattered  trees  and  splinters.  Men  were  hterally  blown  from  one  hole  into  another.  Showers  of 
mud  and  gravel  fell  upon  those  who  were  fortunate  enough  not  to  come  into  actual  contact  with 
the  flying  shell  splinters.  When  it  was  deemed  that  the  ■"niinenwerfers"  had  wrought  sufficient 
confusion  and  commotion,  the  enemy  sprayed  the  ground  with  a  pitiless  rain  of  machine  gun  bullets. 
During  daylight  it  was  a  rash  act  to  stand  erect.  Positions  were  changed  by  crawling  along  the 
ground.  Even  this  was  far  from  safe,  for  the  enemy  showed  themselves  expert  in  grazing  fue  and 
their  missiles  had  a  way  of  singing  through  the  grass  and  catching  a  man  whose  duty  required  him 
to  leave  his  funk-hole. 

The  wounded  could  receive  only  the  scantest  attention.  After  the  first  two  days  only  two  of 
the  medical  detachment  were  surviving  to  render  first  aid.  These  two  heroically  crawled  from 
one  sufferer  to  another.  But  in  scores  of  cases  the  injuries  were  gaping  sheU  wounds  or  bullet  holes, 
requiring  more  than  a  mere  bandage.  Bandages  gave  out  and  it  was  necessary  to  take  bandages 
from  the  dead  to  bind  up  the  hurts  of  the  living.     The  dead  lay  unburied  on  the  ground. 

During  the  daytime,  burying  parties  would  not  have  lived  to  perform  their  duties.  After 
three  days,  many  of  the  men  had  become  so  weak  from  hunger  it  was  beyond  their  strength 
to  dig  graves  in  the  hard  soil.  At  night  it  was  impossible  to  see,  except  at  those  times  when 
the  ground  was  illuminated  by  the  weird  glow  of  Very-Hghts  shot  into  the  midst  of  our  funk-holes 
by  the  Boche. 

Throughout  these  six  days  and  nights  in  the  pocket,  with  their  bodies  tortured  by  hunger  and 
wrecked  by  fever,  with  death  always  at  their  elbow,  the  spirit  of  resistance  never  once  weakened 
in  the  hearts  and  minds  of  officers  and  men.  On  the  night  of  October  1th,  the  firing  of  our  own  troops 
could  be  distinctly  heard  to  the  south,  and  hopes  were  high  that  relie\  ing  forces  would  soon  break 
through  and  join  them.  At  intervals  in  the  noise  of  the  combat,  the  sound  of  our  Chauchats  would 
be  distinguished,  and  the  friendly  firing  seemed  to  grow  stronger  and  draw  nearer.  Disappointment 
was  keen  therefore,  when  daylight  dawned  without  a  sign  of  reinforcements. 

Although  panels  were  displayed,  they  were  hardly  distinguishable  through  the  trees  and  no 
assuring  signals  were  received  that  our  aeroplane  had  located  exactly  the  battalion's  position. 

One  cheering  event  maiked  the  next  day.     Our  artillery,  commencing  its  fue  on  the  hill  to  the 

I  204  ] 


south  in  the  early  morning,  suddenly  jumped  to  the  slope  on  the  southern  hill  opposite  the  batta- 
lion's position,  just  in  time  to  crash  into  large  forces  of  the  enemy  massing  for  an  infantry  attack. 
For  half  an  hour,  the  air  was  full  of  flying  Dutchmen  and  parts  of  the  same,  then,  in  a  miraculous 
way,  our  shells  leap-frogged  the  position  of  our  own  troops  and  fell  on  the  crest  to  the  north  of  them. 
It  happened  at  that  very  moment  that  a  large  number  of  Boche,  probably  to  ofl'set  the  defeat  of 
their  attack  on  the  south,  were  advancing  from  the  north  with  grenades  to  hurl  from  the  cliff. 
They  caught  the  second  edition  of  our  barrage  square  in  their  faces,  and  the  attack  went  to  pieces. 
It  seemed  hke  an  act  of  providence. 

One  of  our  aeroplanes  flying  over  the  terrain  where  the  Boche  had  organized,  before  our  firing, 
was  seen  to  drop  a  signal '"  Fire  on  me. "  That  was  probably  one  of  the  instruments  that  providence 
used. 

"It  was  a  beautiful  bai'rage"  said  an  infantry  officer  who  enjoyed  it  that  day  from  his  fox-hole 
on  the  hill.  For  several  hours  the  woods  resounded  with  the  howls  of  wounded  Boche,  until  their 
comrades  were  able  to  hurry  them  out  of  hearing. 

But  that  night,  the  Chauchat  firing  to  the  south  seemed  fainter  and  weaker  than  the  night 
before.  This  discovery,  coming  at  the  end  of  a  particularly  terrible  afternoon,  was  enough  to 
thoi'ouglily  dishearten  the  most  courageous. 

At  4  o'clock  that  afternoon,  the  enemy  had  covered  the  slope  on  which  our  men  were  located 
with  an  intensity  of  machine-gun  fire  difficult  to  exaggerate.  It  seemed  impossible  that  a  single 
foot  of  the  ground  could  escape  without  a  bullet  searching  it. 

jMany  of  our  men  were  killed  and  many  wounded  by  this  barrage.  The  wounded  were  brave 
at  all  times,  but  there  were  moans  and  piteous  cried  in  the  dark  that  night.  The  day  began  with 
375  as  our  effective  strength,  but  this  number  was  greatly  reduced  by  casualties  suffered  in  the  after- 
noon's attack. 

If  the  men  on  the  hill  had  known  that  October  6th  was  a  Sunday,  they  would  have  called  it 
Blue  Sunday.  Things  seemed  at  their  lowest.  The  firing  of  reUevLng  forces  to  the  south  had 
not  grown  appreciably  nearer.  Hunger  was  becoming  almost  unbearable.  In  one  funk-hole,  two 
men  were  dividing  a  morsel  of  bacon-rind  that  one  of  them  found  in  his  pocket.  He  had  used  it  to 
rub  over  a  wound  in  liis  hand.  Now  they  were  eagerly  eating  it,  the  first  particle  of  food  in  four 
days.  In  another  hole,  the  occupants  were  subsisting  on  a  Uttle  mixture  of  salt  and  pepper  dis- 
covered in  a  condiment  can.  At  intervals,  they  would  dip  their  tongues  into  this  concoction,  and 
go  through  the  form  of  eating.  One  man  crept  out  of  the  brush  with  a  small  chunk  of  black  break 
that  he  had  salvaged  from  the  body  of  a  dead  Boche.  Friendly  airplanes  hovering  over  the  region 
of  the  ravine  dropped  parcels  of  food  at  various  times  during  the  day.  But  this  food  fell  with 
tantalizing  regularity  out  of  the  reach  of  our  beleagured  men.  The  Boche  continued  his  usual 
daily  program  of  minenwerfer  bombardments  at  hourly  intervals,  interspersed  with  machine-gun 
fire  from  every  angle.  The  dead  of  the  day  before  covered  the  ground.  The  machine-gunners 
of  the  306th  Battahon  lost  both  their  officers.  After  repeUing  attack  after  attack  on  our  flanks  for 
four  days,  only  one  of  their  nine  machine  guns  remained  in  action.  Ammunition  for  our  machine 
guns  was  almost  exhausted.  The  effective  strength  of  aU  units  had  fallen  to  275.  It  was  a  time 
for  spirits  to  fail.  It  was  a  time  for  courage  to  flicker  out.  It  was  a  time  when  the  few  survivors 
could  look  into  one  another's  faces  and  say  with  conviction,  "There  is  nothing  before  us  but  death." 

One  thing,  however,  in  that  desperate  situation,  no  one  forgot.  The  command  had  adA  anced 
to  the  ravine  where  it  lay  under  orders  to  take  the  position,  and  to  hold  it  at  all  costs  untU  the 
other  elements  of  the  line  of  the  77th  Division  should  reach  it.  The  orders  were  plain.  On  the 
6th,  there  was  a  general  sensing  through  the  fittle  band  on  the  hill  that  the  test  had  come.  Without 
a  command  or  a  suggestion  being  given,  it  was  known  throughout  the  hill  by  every  officer  and  man 
that  if  the  Germans  captured  the  slope  they  would  have  to  find  there  the  last  of  its  defenders  dead 
at  his  post. 

It  was  at  this  time  that  a  dramatic  episode  occurred  to  crystaUize  this  purpose  and  to  give 
it  expression. 

At  four  in  the  afternoon  of  the  7th,  a  private  of  Company  H  reported  to  the  commanding  officer. 
That  morning  with  eight  others  he  had  slipped  away  into  the  forest  to  secure  a  pai'cel  of  food  dropped 
not  far  away  by  one  of  our  planes.      The  party  encoimtered  a  German  out-post.     Five  of  the  nine 

[205] 


were  killed  and  the  rest  wounded  and  captured.  One  of  the  latter  was  bUndfolded,  given  a  note 
by  the  German  Commander  and  sent  into  our  lines.  He  delivered  the  note  to  Major  Whittlesey. 
This  was  the  note: 

"  To  the  Commanding  Officer — Infantry,  77th  American  Division. 

"Sir: — The  bearer  of  this  present,  Private ,  has  been  taken  prisoner  by  us.     He 

refused  to  give  the  German  InteUigence  Officer  any  answer  to  his  questions,  and  is  quite  an  honor- 
able fellow,  doing  honor  to  liis  Fatherland  in  the  strictest  sense  of  the  word. 

"He  has  been  charged  against  his  will,  believing  that  he  is  doing  wrong  to  liis  country  to  carry 
forward  this  present  letter  to  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  battcdion  of  the  77th  Division,  with  the  pur- 
pose to  recommend  this  commander  to  surrender  with  liis  forces,  as  it  would  be  quite  useless  to  re- 
sist any  more,  in  view  of  the  present  conditions. 

"The  suffering  of  your  wounded  men  can  be  heard  over  here  in  the  German  lines,  and  we  are 
appealing  to  your  humane  sentiments  to  stop.     A  white  flag  shown  by  one  of  your  men  will  tell  us 

that  you  agree  with  these  conditions.     Please  treat  Private   as  an  honorable  man. 

He  is  quite  a  soldier.     We  envy  you. 

The  German  Ctodianding  Officer." 

Major  Whittlesey  read  the  note  and  passed  it  over  to  Captain  McMurtry.  He  read  it  and  hand- 
ed it  to  Captain  Holderman.  The  three  officers  looked  at  one  another  and  a  grim  smile  wrinkled 
their  features.  "We  are  appealing  to  your  humane  sentiments  to  stop."  This,  after  six  days  of 
the  most  inhuman  warfare  conceivable  hurled  at  them  by  the  Boche  in  attempts  to  annihilate, 
that  had  failed.     It  was  almost  funny. 

The  fact  of  the  receipt  of  the  note  soon  spread  over  the  hill.     Men  too  weak  to  stand  on  their 

feet  raised  up  on  their  elbows  and  cried:    "You  Dutch  s,  come  over  and  get  us." 

That  was  the  only  response.  Major  Whittlesey  took  in  the  two  white  panels  spread  on  the  ground 
for  the  purpose  of  indicating  the  position  to  our  aeroplane.  There  should  be  nothing  white  showing 
on  that  hill-side. 

Another  answer  was  on  its  way  to  the  Boche.  That  very  evening  the  crackle  of  musketry  and 
the  rat-tat-tat  of  Chauchats  and  Hotclikiss  guns  fell  on  the  ears  of  the  beleagured  men,  coming 
from  the  rear  and  right  flank.  Beyond  the  fraction  of  a  doubt,  it  was  the  long-hoped-for,  despaired- 
of  relief.  It  was  brother  Americans  of  the  77th  Division  furiously  fighting  their  way  through. 
Sheer  exhaustion  forced  the  tears  from  the  eyes  of  men  to  whom  the  hope  of  Ufe  was  returning. 
The  Boche,  however,  was  not  quite  through.  In  one  last  desperate  effort  to  impress  his  "Humane 
sentiments,"  on  the  survivors  in  the  pocket,  he  descended  with  all  his  force  on  the  right  flank. 
For  this  attack,  he  had  reserved  his  liquid  fire,  and  scorching  flames  shot  into  our  ranks. 

But  our  men  were  revivified.  They  sprang  into  the  fight  to  the  tune  of  every  choice  oath  in 
the  EngHsh  language.  Our  one  remaining  macliine  gun  at  last  was  filing  at  a  target  point  blank. 
'  In  word  and  deed,  the  Huns  got  heU,  and  back  they  crumbled  never  to  come  on  again. 

As  the  Germans  dwindled  away  through  the  trees  into  the  night,  the  men  of  the  307th  came 
up  on  the  right,  with  food  and  ammunition  in  abundance.  A  half-hour  later,  patrols  of  the  308th 
were  reported  coming  in  from  the  south.  The  reUef  was  complete.  The  fight  of  the  "Lost  Battal- 
ion"— the  battahon  that  was  never  "lost" — was  over.  On  the  morning  of  the  8th,  the  252  sur- 
vivors of  the  679  that  had  entered  the  "pocket,"  with  their  sick  and  wounded,  marched  south 
through  the  deep  ravine  to  rest. 

Their  hill-side  is  now  quiet.  The  dead  he  sleeping  in  a  little  enclosure  near  the  western  border 
of  the  valley.  The  crash  of  minenwerfers  and  the  whine  of  the  buUets  is  stilled.  But  if  the  trees 
on  this  torn  slope  of  France  could  ever  break  the  silence,  they  would  say  "By  these  spUntered 
wounds  you  see  upon  us,  we  wiU  live  to  mark  the  valor  of  the  Americans. " 

FINIS. 


206 


EPILOGUE 

One  of  the  American  Officers  at  the  Rhine,  when  the  Coblenz  Bridgehead  was  turned  over  to 
our  forces,  was  Colonel  C.  S.  Sherrill,  formerly  Chief  of  Staff  of  the  77th  Division.  A  short  time 
after  that  event  had  transpired,  the  following  letter  was  received  by  the  Commanding  General 
of  the  Division: 

"Headquarters  77th  Division 
"American  E.  F. 

"25th  December,  1918. 

"Memorandum:     For  the  Commanding  General,  77th  Division. 

"1.  As  a  matter  of  possible  historical  interest  for  the  77th  Division,  I  wish  to  relate  the  fol- 
lowing incident,  which  came  under  my  observation  while  at  Coblenz,  Germany,  on  duty  with  the 
Third  American  Army. 

"2.  I  was  detailed  as  a  member  of  the  Bridgehead  commission  under  the  Third  Army  for  the 
purpose  of  taking  over  the  German  government.  When  I  arrived  at  Coblenz,  on  the  5th  of  December 
I  found  the  1st  and  3d  German  Armies  then  crossing  the  Rhine.  The  3d  (German)  Army  left  in 
Coblenz  the  76  Reserve  Division,  which  stayed  there  until  the  11th.  This  Division,  as  you  recollect, 
was  in  front  of  us  all  through  our  operation  from  the  Four  de  Paris  to  Grand  Pre.  It  struck  me  quite 
a  coincidence  that  it  should  be  the  last  of  the  German  Divisions  to  cross  the  Rhine.  This  Division 
on  the  11th  of  December  gave  a  farewell  review  in  the  city  of  Coblenz,  after  which  it  crossed  the 
river  in  good  order.  Two  officers  from  this  Division  were  left  behind  in  Coblenz  to  turn  over  the 
German  arsenals,  munitions  and  stores.  One  of  these.  Lieutenant  Heinrich  Prinz,  informed  me 
that  he  was  in  command  of  a  platoon  of  the  German  forces  which  were  between  Major  Whittlesey 
and  the  remainder  of  the  154th  Brigade.  He  also  was  the  officer  who  transmitted  to  Major  Whit- 
tlesey the  note  urging  him  to  surrender  to  avoid  further  useless  sacrifice  of  Ufe.  I  questioned  Lieu- 
tenant Prinz  to  give  the  German  view  of  our  men,  and  he  expressed  himself  as  being  a  great  admirer 
of  our  Division  for  its  gallant  offensive  operation,  and  especially  was  loud  in  praise  of  Major  Whit- 
tlesey and  his  gallant  detachment.  He  stated  that  the  Germans  felt  that  it  was  absolutely  suicidal 
for  the  American  detachment  to  persist  in  its  defense,  and  it  was  for  that  reason  that  he  sent  the 
message  requesting  the  surrender.  He  explained  the  method  by  which  the  Germans  enfiltrated 
between  the  Whittlesey  detachment  and  the  supporting  troops,  saying  that  it  was  done  between 
us  and  the  French,  who  were  a  kilometer  or  more  in  rear  of  our  left  flank.  Lieutenant  Prinz,  pre- 
vious to  the  war,  had  been  for  six  years  the  representative  of  a  German  tungsten  company  in  Spo- 
kane (Wash.,  U.  S.  A.),  and  expressed  his  desire  to  return  to  America  after  the  war,  saying  that  he 
intended  to  look  up  Colonel  Whittlesey,  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  to  him  his  personal  admiration 
for  this  gallant  conduct. 

"3.  Lieutenant  Heinrich  Prinz  also  spoke  of  the  especially  gallant  conduct  of  a  liaison  lieu- 
tenant captured  from  Major  Whittlesey's  detachment.  He  and  other  German  officers  made 
several  efforts  to  secure  information  from  this  lieutenant,  but  they  were  absolutely  without  success. 
He  was  unable  to  give  me  his  name,  but  indoubtedly  Colonel  Whittlesey  will  be  able  to  furnish 
this  and  from  Lieutenant  Prinz's  statement  it  is  obvious  that  this  officer  had  exlubited  the  highest 
quality  of  courage  and  regard  for  his  duty  as  an  American  officer. 

"  4.  Commenting  on  the  relative  morale  of  the  two  forces,  at  the  time  they  were  in  the  Argonne, 
Lieutenant  Prinz  said  one  of  the  most  discouraging  things  they  encountered  was  the  absolute  lack 
of  "nerves"  shown  by  the  American  troops  as  opposed  to  the  shaken  nerves  of  the  German,  who  were 
absolutely  worn  out  by  the  prolonged  service  at  the  front.  He  said  our  men  seemed  to  be  absolutely 
devoid  of  any  such  thing  as  "nerves"  at  that  time,  and  this  buoyancy  had  a  very  depressing  effect 
on  his  men. 


C.  0.  Sherrill, 
Colonel,  General  Staff." 


[  207 


BUDDIES 

We  lay  in  the  mouth  of  a  deep  ravine. 

My  buddy,  Pete,  and  I; 
And  my  buddy  says,  "Do  you  catch  the  sheen, 

'Twixt  earth  and  wood  and  sky?" 

And  my  eye  could  spy,  in  the  rifted  seam 

Of  the  trees  on  the  crest  of  the  hill. 
The  mouth  of  a  machine  gun  gleam, 

Sullen,  uncouth,  and  still. 

They  were  the  boys  we  were  there  to  get; 

My  buddy,  Pete,  and  I; 
And  my  buddy  says,  "  It's  a  damn  sure  bet. 

We  gotta  get  'em  or  die!" 

So  we  crawled  along  in  the  underbrush, 

In  the  Argonne's  duU  grey  dawn; 
And  the  rustle  of  brush,  in  that  awful  hush, 

Made  a  feUow  feel  dead-gone! 

My  buddy  raised  up  and  merely  peeped, — 

When  rattle! — and  flash! — and  bang! 
That  Boche  gun  spit! — and  the  bullets  leaped. 

And  hurtled  and  whistled  and  sang! 

And  my  buddy  toppled  and  cried,  "I'm  hit! 

Go  get  'em  alone,  you  and  Pete!" 
The  Boche  had  peppered  his  chest  a  bit. 

And  he  couldn't  keep  on  his  feet. 

He  wouldn't  hear  of  our  taking  him  back, 

So  we  propped  him  against  a  tree; 
But  he  sank  in  a  heap  like  an  empty  sack; 

So  we  crawled  right  on,  Pete  and  me. 

There  was  hate  in  our  hearts,  'mid  those  still  grey  glades, 

For  our  buddy  was  dear  to  us  two; 
So  we  heaved  a  couple  of  hand-grenades 

Toward  the  place  whence  the  bullets  flew. 

Four  ghost-like  arms  stretched  above  the  mist, 

But  back  on  the  gunner's  seat, 
A  pistol  flashed  from  a  third  man's  fist, — 

And  I  saw  the  last  of  Pete. 

I  shot  'em  dead  on  the  side  of  the  hill, — ■ 

And  they  rolled  to  the  deep  ravine; 
While  the  greedy  gun  that  was  aimed  to  kill. 

Lay  sullen,  and  silent,  and  lean. 

Edhermen. 


208] 


TALES  OF  THE  BATTLEFIELDS 

FIRING  THE  FIRST  NATIONAL  ARMY  SHELL 

THE  152D  FIELD  ARTILLERY  RRIGADE  was  the  first  National  Army  ArtiUery  Brigade 
to  so  into  action.  The  first  shot  was  fired  in  the  Lorraine  sector,  the  afternoon  of  July  12, 
1918,  by  Battery  A,  305th  Field  .\rtiUer\",  with  a  French  75  millimeter  piece.  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Henry  L.  Stimson,  former  Secretar\"  of  War,  was  in  command  of  the  First  Battahon,  and 
Captain  Anderson  Dana  in  charge  of  the  firing  battery.  A  reconnaissance  was  made  by  Lieutenant 
Camp  and  Lieutenant  Thomas  N.  Brassel,  of  Batter^'  A,  with  Lieutenant  Riveau  of  the  French 
Artillery.  Corporal  Andrew  Ancelewitz  laid  the  piece;  Sergeant  Fred  Wallace  repeated  the  Com- 
manding Officer's  order  to  fire,  and  Private  George  Elsnick  pulled  the  lanyard,  sending  the  first 
National  Army  shell  whistling  across  the  Roche  trenches.  The  piece  was  in  position  close  to  the 
standing  wheat  at  the  edge  of  La  Haie  Barre  Woods,  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  \"iUage  of  Neuf 
Maisons. 


Om  FIRST  BOCHE  PRISONER 

COMPANY  "K,"  306th  Infantry-,  claims  the  honor  of  having  taken,  on  August  17th,  the  first 
prisoner  for  the  77th  Division,  in  an  account  of  the  fight  on  the  Yesle  by  one  of  the  unit's 
officers. 
"  About  10  o'clock  one  night,"  the  officer  says,  "  we  heard  a  lot  of  firing  to  the  left  of  our  position 
near  Bazoches  and  up  went  a  rocket  signaling  for  a  barrage.     A  Boche  patrol  had  attacked  our 
flank  and  several  of  them  had  crept  down  a  spur  and  got  in  behind  our  platoon.     Both  sides  began 
to  throw  hand  grenades  and  there  was  considerable  rifle  fire. 

"Wlien  the  skirmish  was  over  a  Boche  was  found  lying  in  a  shell  hole  near-by.     He  was  dis- 
armed at  the  point  of  the  bayonet  and  found  to  be  wounded.     It  was  the  division's  first  prisoner." 


UNCONDITIONAL  SURRENDER 

RAP!— IU\P!— RAP!"  Major  HoUand  DueU.  of  the  2d  Battalion,  306th  F.  A.,  knocked 
impatiently  with  his  riding-crop  on  the  tarpauMn  of  the  last  of  a  line  of  stalled  fourgon- 
wagons.  He  was  hauling  one  sLx-inch  howitzer  of  his  battalion  well  forward,  on  a  sniping 
expedition.  The  gun  must  be  in  position  one  kilometer  behind  the  front  line  before  the  betray- 
ing dayUght,  and  he  little  liked  being  held  up  fike  this.  The  road  forward  from  La  Harazee.  in 
the  Argonne,  was  dark,  full  of  holes,  shelled  and  much-used.  The  ungainly  big  gun,  its  eight 
horses  tugging  and  straining,  floundered  and  clanked  along,  unwiUing  to  go  so  far  forward. 

Again  the  resounding  thwacks  of  the  Major's  riding-crop  smote  the  night's  stiUness.  The 
wagon's  curtain  trembled  uncertainly,  then  pai'ted,  reveahng  a  woolly  black  head  beneath  a  helmet 
eiskew,  and  a  pair  of  gUttering.  terrified  eye-whites,  set  in  a  countenance  of  jet. 

"Kamerad!  Kamerad!"  shouted  the  aS"righted  apparition.  "Ah  surrenders,  Boss,  toot- 
sweet!" 

The  darky  wagoner  thought  he  had  crossed  into  the  German  fines,  and  that  his  surrender 
was  being  demanded. 


A  NARROW  ESCAPE 


IIEUTENANT  JOHN  SWEENEY,  Company  H,  306th  Infantry,  was  in  command  of  two 
J  platoons  acting  as  a  covering  party  for  the  attack  on  Bazoches,  August  27,  1918.     The  day 
foUowing  the  attack,  he  received  orders  to  change  his  position,  which  was  exposed  on  the 
rear  and  right  flank.     He  had  just  completed  preparations  for  the  operation  when  the  Boche  laid 
down  a  hea>'y  barrage,  forcing  him  and  his  men  to  hug  the  railroad  embankment,  against  which 

12091 


they  had  dug-in.  When  the  shelling  ceased  the  party  moved  by  the  left  flank,  taking  the  wounded 
with  them.  They  looked  around  in  time  to  see  their  former  position  well-illuminated  by  the  light 
of  a  semicircle  of  liquid  fire,  and  flashes  of  machine  guns,  against  which  was  silhouetted  the  black 
figures  of  scores  of  enemy  vainly  searching  for  the  former  occupants.  They  could  not  keep  from 
smihng  at  the  thought  of  the  Germans'  surprise  in  finding  only  empty  shelters.  Lieutenant  Sweeney 
later  was  killed — a  few  hours  before  the  notification  of  his  promotion  to  captaincy  arrived. 


"ORDERS  IS  ORDERS"— PLUS 

HE  bore  an  important  message.  He  crawled  and  snaked  his  way  through  the  dark,  damp  and 
tangled  Argonne.  Four  pairs  of  messengers  had  started  out  together  from  2d  Battalion 
Headquarters,  307th  Infantry,  with  orders  for  four  companies  to  attack  in  the  morning. 

Private  Joseph  Passafiume,  runner,  knew  the  contents  of  the  order.  He  might  have  to  destroy 
it  quickly.  Snipers  had  filtered  through  our  lines  everywhere,  and  he  stood  in  imminent  danger 
of  being  surprised  and  made  prisoner.  The  lines  cut  in  and  out  with  the  lay  of  the  land,  like  the 
teeth  of  a  saw.  Now  and  then  a  branch  snapped,  and  from  out  of  the  darkness  a  machine-gun 
sputtered  at  him.  His  company  had  moved  last  night  in  the  attack  on  the  Depot  des  Machines,  as 
had  all  the  companies.  He  wasn't  sure  he  could  find  it,  but  he  "carried  on"  with  the  messenger's 
instinct  and  sense  of  direction  until  he  reached  the  Company  P.  C. 

"Orders  is  orders,"  said  Passafiume  to  himself.  Clearly  his  work  was  done.  He  thought  of 
the  "plus."  He  remembered  that  all  runners  previously  sent  out  had  reported  that,  owing  to  the 
absolute  blackness  of  the  night,  they  had  been  unable  to  find  their  companies.  Runners  incoming 
could  not  find  their  way  back.  So  Passafiume,  after  finding  his  company,  explored  his  way  through 
the  forest,  around  enemy  machine-gun  nests,  across  streams  and  morasses  to  each  of  the  other 
companies  of  his  battalion,  and  gave  them  the  message.  It  was  as  he  had  feared,  the  others  had 
failed.     The  attack  was  made  as  planned,  due  to  the  sagacity  of  one  man — the  runner. 


AN  AIR  BATTLE 


OUTSIDE  the  town  of  La  Besace,  nose  in  the  ground,  lies  the  wreckage  of  a  Boche  flying 
machine.  Its  canvas  is  scorched  and  ripped  to  ribbons,  and  its  framework  is  torn  and 
twisted,  the  story  of  a  battle  lost. 

One  hundred  aUied  planes  were  travehng  toward  the  German  fines,  one  afternoon  in  November, 
at  a  height  of  about  two  thousand  meters,  hea\nf  bombers,  preceded,  flanked  and  foUowed  by  a 
protection  of  light  pursuit  machines.  Still  higher  up,  so  high  that  they  appeared  as  tiny  black 
specks  against  the  sky's  arch,  five  Boche  were  circhng  like  vultures — observation  planes,  not  daring 
to  dive  down  within  reach  of  the  "antis." 

One  of  the  alfied  rear  guards,  an  American  by  his  maiking,  dropped  behind — something  went 
wrong  temporarily,  and  the  convoy  rapidly  increased  the  space  between  it  and  the  laggard.  One 
dare-devil  Boche,  from  the  eiry  heights,  spiraled  and  spiraled  until  he  was  swooping  over  the  wings 
of  his  enemy,  who  had  not  seen  him  as  yet,  and  could  not  hear  him  because  of  the  buzz  of  his  own 
motor. 

The  Boche,  nose  down,  rained  machine-gun  buUets  into  the  American,  who  speeded  up  his 
engine,  raced  away  for  half  a  kilometer,  curved  swiftly  about  like  a  swallow  on  the  turn,  on  the 
tips  of  his  wings,  his  machine  almost  vertical,  and  met  liis  adversary  head-on  before  the  latter  had 
recovered  entirely  from  liis  dip.  The  remaining  four  Boche  kept  well  above  the  shrapnel  biirsling 
below  them,  making  no  efforts  to  come  down.  "Archies"  and  machine  guns  on  the  ground  ceased 
clattering,  for  the  machines  were  too  close  together  now,  and  it  was  their  battle  alone. 

The  moment  of  passing  was  the  critical  one,  for  two  planes  racing  toward  one  another  at  a 
mile  a  minute  are  two  miles  apart  at  the  end  of  the  next.     "Rat-tat-tat!"     Both  guns  barked, 

[210] 


both  machines  rocked,  and  a  colHsion  seemed  inevitable.  Suddenly  the  Boche  motor  groaned, 
then  ceased  humming;  the  enemy  careened  wildly,  and  went  into  flames,  tank  hit.  The 
Boche  slithered  and  flapped  toward  earth.  The  American  tipped  his  nose  into  a  cloud  and  disap- 
peared. Soldiers  pressing  along  the  crowded  road  toward  the  retreating  German  army,  who  had 
been  spectators  of  this  dramatic  incident,  found  pilot  and  gunner  dead.  Whether  they  had  met 
their  fate  in  air,  or  in  the  final  crash,  no  one  knew. 


SHELL'S  ODD  PERFORMANCE 

A  BATTERY  of  75's  was  in  an  open  field  near  Chery-Chartreuve,  and  in  the  afternoon  the 
Boche  threw  half  a  dozen  heavy  caliber  shells  into  the  position.  An  officer  went  to  the  first 
piece  to  lay  the  guns  for  parallel  fire,  and  almost  immediately  the  Boche  started  fire  by 
rapid  volleys.  One  of  the  first  shells  landed  alongside  the  first  piece,  almost  touching  the  right 
wheel.  Three  cannoneers  toppled  on  top  of  one  another  into  the  gunpit,  instantly  killed.  The 
others  at  the  gun,  the  lieutenant  and  two  corporals,  were  seriously  wounded.  The  explosion  lifted 
the  gun  bodily  out  of  the  pit  and  turned  it  around  fully  thirty  degrees.  But  the  gun,  although 
much  closer  to  the  shell  than  the  killed  and  wounded,  was  not  even  scratched  except  for  a  tiny 
hole  through  the  leather  sight-case. 


BRIDGING  THE  VESLE 


THIS  tribute  to  the  302d  Engineers  is  taken  from  a  soldier's  diary  written  at  the  time.     No 
reference  is  made  to  the  continual  shelling  of  the  spot  by  the  enemy  aitillery  that  began  an 
hour  later  and  continued  throughout  the  next  two  days.     The  bridge  was  put  up  and  kept 
in  repair  in  the  face  of  this  fire,  permitting  long  columns  of  artillery  to  cross  the  Vesle. 

"When  I  crossed  the  Vesle  the  morning  after  the  Boche  had  pulled  out  I  saw  several  platoons 
of  our  engineers  toiling  as  I  have  never  seen  men  toil  before.  Along  the  roadside  reliefs  of  exhausted 
men  lay  sound  asleep  in  the  bright  sunlight.  Three  or  four  squads  were  making  a  road  through 
the  marshy  lowland  to  the  uncompleted  bridge  being  constructed.  Other  sweating  men  struggled 
with  big  wooden  girders  and  putting  them  in  place.  A  small  gang  were  pulling  apart  a  truck  that 
had  been  destroyed  by  a  shell  and  left  where  it  was.  On  either  side  of  the  river  were  the  dead, 
German  and  American." 


QUESTIONING  A  PRISONER 

AT  Verpel,  where  Division  Headquarters  had  halted  momentarily  in  its  rush  to  keep  up  with 
A\  its  advancing  troops,  in  an  old,  half-destroyed  stable,  the  temporary  prisoners  of  war  cage, 
were  huddled  a  dozen  Boche  prisoners  waiting  their  turn  to  be  questioned  like  culprits 
awaiting  trial. 

Most  of  them  were  asleep  in  a  sodden,  muddy  heap.  To  them  the  war  was  over  and  nothing 
more  mattered.  A  few  stared  about  them,  dazed  at  the  strangeness  of  the  situation.  Two  unter- 
ofiiziers,  obviously  the  superiors,  lounged  about. 

One  youngster,  the  last  brought  in,  stood  stiffened  at  attention.  He  said  not  a  word  and 
appeared  as  if  frozen  with  eyes  wide  open.  He  had  not  the  gaunt  ex^jression  nor  the  seasoned 
appearance  of  his  companions.  His  clumsy  boots  and  big,  loose  coat  seemed  not  to  suit  one  so 
young.     His  German  trench  cap  gave  him  the  appearance  of  a  baker's  apprentice. 

Shortly  his  turn  came.  His  response  to  the  preliminary  routine  questions  was  in  gulped 
monosyllables.  Beyond  these  he  became  silent  and  although  his  lips  moved  they  gave  forth  no 
sound.  The  officer,  questioning  with  great  patience,  tried  to  draw  out  by  friendliness  anything  the 
man  may  have  known.     Finally  the  youngster  asked,  "When  are  you  going  to  kill  me.'*" 

His  officer  had  told  him  that  when  the  Americans  captured  less  than  ten  prisoners  they  killed 
them  after  they  learned  what  was  wanted.     The  boy  was  captured  alone. 

[211] 


GENERAL  PULLS  CAR  FROM  MUD 

"  T  T  was  on  a  road  near  the  front  lines  where  our  transport  was  held  up  waiting  for  the  column 
I  to  move  on  that  a  big  limousine  attempted  to  pass,  making  a  detour  to  an  adjoining  field," 
says  an  infantry  sergeant-major.     "There  the  automobile  sunk  deep  in  the  mud. 

"An  officer  hopped  out  and  called  for  a  detail  from  the  waiting  transport.  No  one  paid  much 
attention  to  the  officer  remaining  in  the  car,  but  knee-deep  in  the  mud  the  men  tagged,  strained 
and  pushed,  while  the  big  automobile  seemed  to  sink  deeper  and  deeper  into  the  muck.  The  rear 
wheels  spun  around,  but  the  car  did  not  move  an  inch. 

"Then  out  jumped  the  man  in  the  car.  'Come  on,  boys,  let  her  go,'  he  cried,  and  taking  hold 
of  the  real-  fender  pulled  along  just  like  any  other  man  in  the  detail,  and  incidentally  got  just  as 
muddy.  The  wheels  began  to  take  hold.  Lurching  like  a  clumsy  turtle,  the  big  car  reached  terra- 
firma  and  with  a  'Thank  you,  sergeant,'  Major-General  Robert  Alexander  jumped  into  Ms  car 
and  was  off." 


A  THREEFOLD  RALLOON  ATTACK 

IT  was  the  first  day  after  the  Roche  had  relinquished  his  grip  on  the  Vesle.  He  had  retired, 
but  not  beyond  \iew  of  our  observers.     Along  the  ^^esle  river,  pushed  well  forward  in  an  almost 

cloudless  sky,  were  our  balloons.  Off  beyond  the  Aisne,  almost  dots  in  a  clear  sky,  could  be 
discerned  the  German  Drachens,  safely  to  the  rear  and  up  only  at  intervals  through  the  day. 

All  morning  our  planes  had  patrolled  the  sky,  swooping  eastward  and  westward  like  swallows. 
High  above,  squadrons  of  enemy  reconnaissance  planes  buzzed  around  inquisitively,  in  triangle 
battle  formation.  Relow,  the  creatures  of  earth  labored  northward,  concerned  not  with  what 
was  above  them,  but  what  was  ahead. 

About  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  a  long,  streamer-like  cloud  lazily  shifted  across  the  horizon. 
Suddenly  from  out  of  it  three  small  scout  aeroplanes  were  seen  to  dash  in  different  du-ections. 
Outward  and  downward  they  swooped  like  darts,  each  diving  toward  a  balloon.  Simultaneously 
began  the  rattle  of  machine-gun  fire.  About  the  planes  appeared  the  answering  bursts  of  our 
anti-aircraft  artillery.  It  was  over  in  a  second.  Although  separated  by  a  mile's  distance,  two  of 
the  big  gas-bags  burst  into  flames  and  slowly  dropped  to  earth.  The  third  balloon,  cither  too  quick 
or  the  aeroplane  too  slow,  was  hauled  down  to  safety,  and  its  pursuer  was  forced  to  beat  a  quick 
retreat.     The  culprit  planes  turned  tail  and  fled  northward,  our  scout  planes  in  close  pursuit. 

All  the  observers  jumped,  and  their  pai-achutes  floated  down  to  within  our  own  lines. 


Kj 


ARTILLERY  OFFICER  RECOMES  DOUGHROY 

^^  ATTAIN  M.  G.  R.  WHELPLEY,  of  the  305th  F.  A.,  was  sent  on  the  night  of  August  21  to 
Captain  C.  F.  Hairington,  of  the  .'iOSth  Infantry,  to  confer  on  an  aitillery  plan.  When  he 
arrived  there  the  enemy  was  placing  an  annihilating  barrage  on  the  position,  and  fifteen 
minutes  later  an  attack  followed.  Captain  Whelpley  took  three  riflemen  to  protect  the  infantry 
captain's  left  flank.  Two  Germans  whom  they  encountered  were  sent  back  prisoners  in  charge 
of  one  of  the  men,  and  a  third  was  wounded.  Later,  Captain  Whelpley  ventured  out  again  with 
seven  men,  and  was  attacked  by  an  enemy  patrol  of  thirty  men.  Holding  their  fiie  until  the  Germans 
came  close,  the  Americans  killed  seven  and  drove  off  the  remainder.  Later,  two  more  men,  one 
apparently  an  officer,  came  running  from  the  east,  over  the  same  ground  covered  by  the  patrol. 
Captain  Whelpley  held  fire  as  before,  until  they  approached  very  close,  when,  in  his  own  words, 
"We  opened  fire  and  killed  them  both." 

[  212  ] 


THE  LOST  TO\VN  OF  BINARVILLE 

WHETHER  going  in  any  one  of  the  four  directions  about  that  region  in  the  Argonne  Forest 
where  the  two  great  forces  had  struggled  for  four  years,  the  traveler  is  bound  to  see  a  sign, 
"This  way  to  Binarville."  Some  credulous  officers  and  men  of  the  77th  Division  beheved 
these  signs,  even  believed  their  maps,  which  showed  in  outline  a  town  of  prominence  for  that  countn,-. 
One  day  an  orderly  riding  thi'ough  the  country  and  being  of  an  inquisitive  turn  of  mind  decided 
to  find  this  town.  He  rode  down  the  main  road  until  he  reached  a  point  that  he  was  sure  he  was 
beyond.  Turning  back,  he  slowly  retraced  his  route  homeward.  Like  most  inquisitive  orderlies 
he  was  persistent,  and  still  looked  at  either  side  of  the  road.  Shortly  he  espied  a  dugout,  a  counter- 
part of  many  dugouts  thereabouts.  Here  and  there  were  scattered  and  broken  rocks  and  a  few 
moss-covered  timbers  in  no  semblance  of  design  or  place.  He  approached  and  saw  a  scrawled 
sign  nailed  to  the  entrance  of  the  dugout. 
"This  is  Binarville,"  it  read. 


OUR  OWN  BOCHE  BATTERY 

IT  is  a  misnomer  to  speak  of  one  organization  in  the  Division  as  the  trench  mortar  battery, 
for  the  men  in  this  unit  never  fu-ed  a  shot  from  their  awe-inspiring  Newton-Stokes. 

Instead  this  unit  spent  most  of  its  time  in  collecting  German  shells  of  weird  and  ter- 
rifying markings  and  sending  them  back  to  the  Boche.  It  was  in  the  "Advance  on  Sedan "  that  this 
particular  branch  of  the  artillery  distinguished  themselves.  In  the  early  stages  of  the  operation 
the  trench  mortar  men  found  four  105  howitzers,  and  with  the  ease  of  veterans  soon  had  them 
tossing  shells  up  and  down  the  valley  in  front  of  ChampigneuUe. 

Wlien  the  German  lines  wavered  these  monster  guns  were  limbered  to  trucks  and  taken  for- 
ward.    This  operation  was  repeated  several  times  before  the  Meuse  River  was  reached. 


TRANSPORT 


BEHIND  the  man  behind  the  gun  is  the  man  who  backs  him  up;  the  man  who  by  night 
and  sometimes  by  day  brings  up  the  fuel  for  the  man  and  fuel  for  the  gun,  ammunition 
and  supplies.  Be  the  transport  horsed  or  motorized,  it  carries  with  it  the  responsibility 
to  get  through.  To  get  through  involves  in  the  forward  areas  long  hours  of  eye-straining  vigilance, 
of  peering  ahead  in  the  darkness,  of  manoeuvering  wagons  or,  still  worse,  great  Packard  or  Quad 
trucks  through  roads  that  would  normally  be  considered  impassable;  and  the  harassing  of  enemy 
artillery.  Often  great  skill  is  required  to  so  manoeuver  a  truck  under  fire  to  save  it  from  being  hit. 
A  driver  must  know  the  traits  of  artillery  fire  and  must  quickly  hedge  about  or  speed  up  as  his 
judgment  deems  best. 

There  is  no  exhaustion  so  complete  as  that  of  long  hoiu-s  spent  along  strange  or  blackened 
roads,  many  times  under  the  strain  of  twenty-four  or  more  hours  of  continuous  travel,  here  stuck 
in  a  shell  hole,  there  being  followed  by  a  plane  that  suddenly  swoops  down  to  machine  gun  or  bomb 
the  helpless  convoy.  They  are  combatants  who  cannot  retaliate.  They  are  soldiers  who  work, 
not  in  the  heat  of  battle,  but  alone  and  unenthused.  Their  rewai'd  is  not  the  victory,  but  the 
satisfaction  of  work  well  done. 

Below  are  a  few  examples  of  the  spirit  and  determination  of  these  men.  Big  lumbering  trucks, 
easily  discerned  targets,  are  many  limes  called  to  go  where  even  spider-like  side-cars  would  be 
subject  to  fire.     Wagons  and  carts  must  continually  ply  this  area. 

On  August  16th  a  Packard  truck  belonging  to  Company  D,  302d  Anmiunition  Train,  operated 
by  Wagoner  Every,  left  the  dump  loaded  with  infantry  ammunition.  Their  destination  was  the 
infantry  reserve  line  at  Mont  St.  Maitin.     About  a  kilometer  from  their  destination  enemy  planes 

[213] 


appeared.  Flares  and  machine-gun  bullets  were  the  visitor's  contribution  to  the  truck,  after  which 
the  enemy  artillery  laid  down  a  raking  fire  on  the  road.  Upon  arriving  at  Mont  St.  Martin,  Wagoner 
Every  found  that  of  his  crew  of  four.  Private  Stanyzewski  had  been  killed  and  Private  Clark  severely 
wounded. 

In  the  Argonne,  truck  No.  53  of  Company  C,  302d  Ammunition  Train,  was  attached  to  the  3d 
BattaUon  of  the  306th  Field  Artillery.  Their  first  trip  consumed  forty-eight  hours  running  and 
standing  time.  They  unloaded  and  immediately  attempted  a  second  trip  to  the  2d  Battalion  of 
that  regiment,  at  the  time  near  Lancon.  In  tliis  attempt  they  passed  through  a  barrage  which 
splintered  the  body  of  the  truck  and  tore  off  the  cover,  but  did  not  harm  the  engine.  During  these 
days  repairs  were  a  matter  for  the  ingenuity  of  the  mechanics,  as  tools  and  spare  parts  were  not 
obtainable.     Quad  hub  caps  were  made  by  threading  105  millimeter  shell  cases. 

During  the  advance  on  Sedan  the  Horse  Section  of  the  Ammunition  Train  carried  reserve 
ammunition  for  the  artillery  in  case  of  a  swift  and  strong  counter-attack.  Company  F's  wagons,  in 
charge  of  1st  Sergeant  Frank,  spent  eighteen  hours  in  the  sticky  mud  between  Fontenoy  and  The- 
norgues.  The  trip  covered  fifty  kilometers,  not  counting  detours  around  mired  motor  vehicles  along 
the  route.  During  tliis  trip  they  were  fired  on  by  aircraft  with  machine  guns  and  bombed  three 
times.  In  detouring  around  the  craters  that  had  completely  obUterated  the  road  at  a  point  between 
La  Basace  and  Raucourt,  G  Company  won  the  commendation  of  the  division  commander.  On 
that  occasion  eight  horses  hitched  to  each  wagon  had  proved  insufficient,  and  every  man  in  the 
company  pulled  in  a  giant  tug-of-war,  which  dragged  the  wagons  through  the  quagmire. 

The  Supply  Train  kept  two  companies  continually  on  special  forward  work,  sometimes  bringing 
up  wire  for  advance  signal  stations,  materials  for  the  engineers,  and  other  equipment.  This  was 
especially  true  in  an  advance  or  anticipation  of  an  advance,  where  everything  must  be  on  hand 
at  the  jump-ofl". 

Corporal  Johnson  and  Private  Beach,  of  Company  D,  302d  Supply  Train,  with  a  sergeant 
of  the  engineers  as  guide,  was  detailed  to  take  pontoons  and  bridge  material  to  the  \  esle  at  the 
point  where  it  was  contemplated  to  bridge  the  river  in  the  advance.  An  enemy  plane  sighted  the  truck 
as  it  was  going  forward  and  swooped  down  to  within  fifty  yards,  firing  a  steady  machine-gun  fusillade. 
Friendly  anti-aircraft  machine  guns  on  armored  motor  cars  opened  fire  and  the  plane  was  forced 
to  beat  a  hasty  retreat.  The  truck  went  forward,  through  shell  fiie  most  of  the  way,  to  the  desig- 
nated place,  a  spot  that  the  Germans  had  been  in  possession  of  only  a  few  hours  before.  While  the 
truck  was  being  unloaded  the  enemy  sighted  it  and  tried  to  destroy  it,  but  by  good  fortune  succeeded 
only  in  tearing  up  the  road  on  all  sides,  making  it  almost  impassable  on  the  return  trip.  Going  back 
through  Chery  Chartreuve  a  shell  struck  a  house  almost  in  front  of  the  truck,  demolishing  the 
house  and  showering  the  truck  with  debris. 


WANTS  SICK  MAN  TO  DICTATE  OWN  FUNERAL  SERMON 

OF  all  the  things  that  might  happen  to  a  man  during  the  war,  capture  by  the  enemy  was  the 
one  thing  I  had  never  considered  in  relation  to  myself,"  relates  Lieutenant  (iinter,  of  the 
308th  Infantry,  in  telling  of  his  stay  in  Germany  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  which  is  as  humorous 
as  it  is  full  of  thrills.  "But  there  I  was,"  he  says,  "in  the  hands  of  the  Boche  and  was  soon 
on  my  way  through  our  own  shell-fire  toward  the  German  S.  0.  S." 

Lieutenant  Ginter  later  was  joined  by  three  other  officers  of  the  77th  Division  who  were  taken 
prisoners.  They  were  Captain  F.  E.  Adams  of  the  307th  Infantry,  Lieutenant  Frank  Walther  of 
the  306th  Infantry  and  Lieutenant  Mowry  of  the  308th  Infantry. 

While  the  American  prisoners  were  being  transferred  from  Rastatt  prison  to  Mllingen  in  the 
Black  Forest,  Lieutenant  Mowry  contracted  pneumonia  and  died. 

"His  death  brought  about  a  typical  sample  of  German  diplomacy,"  Lieutenant  Ginter  con- 
tinues.    "We  were  all  permitted  to  attend  the  funeral,  which  was  similar  to  that  accorded  a  German 

1214] 


officer.  The  minister  who  conducted  the  services  was  an  English-speaking  German  and  in  his 
sermon  he  regretted  the  fact  that  he  was  not  personally  acquainted  with  the  deceased  and  could 
say  nothing  regarding  his  past  Ufe. 

"At  the  time  one  of  our  aviators  was  in  the  town  hospital  with  pneumonia  and  immediately 
after  Lieutenant  Mowry's  funeral  the  minister  went  straight  to  the  hospital  and  visited  the  sick 
aviator.  He  explained  the  difficulties  he  had  just  experienced  by  not  having  any  facts  regarding 
the  Ufe  of  Lieutenant  Mowry.  'Therefore,'  he  said,  'I  thought  it  best  to  come  and  see  you  right 
away,  while  you  were  still  conscious.'     The  flyer  disappointed  the  minister  by  recovering." 


KITCHENS  AHEAD  OF  FRONT  LINE 

WAR,  with  all  its  grimness,  has  amusing  phases,  and  probably  the  most  humorous  of  these 
is  related  by  the  mess  sergeants  of  the  308th  and  306th  Infantry,  who,  during  an  advance, 
are  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  regimental  supply  officers. 
"Supply  officers,  as  a  rule,  have  the  hardest  job  of  them  all  in  and  out  of  lines,"  one  mess 
sergeant  of  the  308th  Infantry  says,  "because  they  are  responsible  for  the  feeding  of  the  troops 
up  forward.  On  one  particular  occasion  I  remember  we  were  five  kilometers  behind  the  front  line 
and  the  supply  officer  was  planning  a  night  move  so  that  the  doughboy  could  have  a  hot  breakfast. 
"Well,  we  hiked  all  night  behind  our  heavy  roUing  kitchens  and  about  six  o'clock  in  the  morning 
we  pulled  into  the  town  of  Oche.  After  we  had  prepared  breakfast  the  first  'wave'  of  the  advancing 
infantry  swept  by,  stopping  long  enough  to  get  a  hot  cup  of  coffee.  I  have  heard  of  many  funny 
incidents,  but  this  is  the  first  time  I  have  ever  heard  of  capturing  a  town  with  kitchens." 

A  similar  account  is  told  by  sergeants  of  the  306th  Infantry.  At  one  stage  of  the  advance 
on  Sedan  the  over-zealous  supply  company  advanced  the  kitchens  far  in  advance  of  the  point 
where  the  infantry  troops  were. 


THE  PRICE  OF  RARRAGES 

ARARRAGE  of  no  great  density  and  of  the  shortest  reasonable  duration,  sixteen  minutes, 
bringing  into  action  a  regiment  of  twenty-four  75  mm.  guns  (3-inch),  costs  in  shells  $10,070. 
The  destruction  of  Razoches  required  only  3,000  of  the  155  mm.  (6-inch)  howitzer  shells, 
at  a  cost  of  $105,000. 

The  152d  Field  Artillery  Rrigade  fired  in  France,  including  training,  250,000  75  mm.  shells 
and  54,000  155  mm.  howitzer  shells.  Figuring  the  cost  of  the  first  at  $15  each,  and  the  latter  at 
$35  each,  the  Rrigade  fired  .$5,640,000  worth  of  shells.  This  does  not  include  the  thousands  of 
rounds  of  Roche  ammunition  fired  back  at  them  from  captured  Roche  guns. 


THE  CAPTURE  OF  RED  CROSS  No.  19874 

HE  GROWLED,  an  unmistakable  canine  growl,  equally  understandable  by  American  and 
Roche.     It  said,  "Keep  away.     I  guard  here."     He  guarded  faithfully,  and   while   he 
guarded,  the  German  High  Command  moved  out,  the  hard-pressed  German  troops  retired, 
and  the  Americans  surged  forward.     He  lay  across  the  grave  of  a  German  sergeant  near  the  battered 
old  Chateau  Fere.     It  was  here  that  Sergeant  Glass,  the  orderly  to  the  Division  Commander,  found 
him,  lean  and  weak,  and  at  enmity  with  all  the  world  but  his  master,  who  lay  burled  there. 

[215] 


Here  was  not  only  a  souvenir,  but  a  companion.  As  the  sergeant  approached,  the  dog  snarled, 
"Hands  off."  He  wore  the  (German  Red  Cross  harness,  with  a  flask  on  one  side  of  the  neck,  a 
first-aid  kit  on  the  other. 

The  second  day  the  dog  growled  and  would  let  no  one  approach.  The  third  day  the  sergeant 
pushed  some  food  out  on  the  end  of  a  stick.  The  following  morniiig  the  food  had  been  devoured, 
and  he  was  able  to  touch  the  dog.  That  evening  he  took  him  to  the  chateau  and  tied  him  up,  but 
the  dog  chewed  the  rope  and  returned  to  the  grave.  After  another  trip  and  a  double  rope  the 
faithful  dog  finally  became  convinced  of  his  new  master's  intentions.  He  decided  that  the  new 
sergeant  was  worth  following. 

The  dog  is  now  all  American.  To  see  the  sergeant  is  to  see  his  inseparable  companion,  "  Fritz." 
When  first  call  sounds,  if  Sergeant  Glass  has  not  begun  to  roll  on  his  leggins  he  gets  a  determined 
tug  at  his  leg.     He  has  not  been  late  for  reveille  since  "Fritz"  began  taking  care  of  him. 


SURPRISE  EFFECT 


THE  first  ray  of  daylight  on  October  15th  saw  Lieutenant  Robert  Andre,  with  sixty-seven  pounds 
of  Hotchkiss  tripod  hanging  over  his  shoulder  and  thirty-two  pounds  of  boxed  ammunition 
in  Ills  hands,  crawling  and  worming  his  way  along  the  road-side  ditch  toward  the  outskirts  of 
St.  Juvin.  Crawling  in  his  wake  was  one  Rodriguez,  of  Spanish  Main  ancestry,  snaking  along 
the  gun  and  more  annnunition.  The  two  were  looking  for  a  spot  where  "enfilade  fire"  could  be 
made  and  delivered.  They  found  it  in  the  rock  strewn  front  yard  of  a  ruined  house,  across  the 
interior  of  which,  and  through  a  rear  window,  ran  a  perfect  line  of  sight  along  the  entire  crest  of 
Hill  182  to  the  northeast.     The  ruins  gave  splendid  concealment  to  the  position. 

The  Germans,  hit  from  an  unexpected  quarter,  were  taken  completely  by  surprise.  Rodriguez 
gave  them  point  blank  all  the  enfilade  fire  that  a  Hotchkiss  at  full  speed  can  pour  from  its  barrel. 
They  dropped  in  rows — victims  of  a  very  beautiful  example  of  Yankee- made  "Surprise  Effect." 

Baffled  in  theii-  efforts  to  locale  the  gun,  the  succeeding  lines  of  attack  fell  before  it,  the  Germans 
were  demoralized,  and  our  infantry  shot  down  or  captm'ed  the  survivors.  This  was  the  end  of 
the  counter-attack  on  St.  Juvin. 


[216 


The  Good  Old  Upton  Dayi 


A  BRAND  NEW  LOOIE 


>COU      GRADUATt      FROM     THIS, 

OFFICERS    TRAINING    SCMOOl     WIT 
■^    HIGH     HONORS.       ALLOW     ME    TO 
_CON&R.<^TOt.  ATr      VO 


SEE    HERE  ,v;hat   po   You) 

MEAN  BY  SALUTING  ME  ( 
WITH  ONE.  HAND  IN  YOUrJ 
POCKET    ? 


[218 


When  the  Irish  Sighted  Ireland 


A  Liberty  Loan 


Listening  to  the  Yarns  of  the  British  "Non  Corns" 


They  All  Get  Over  It 


[219 


The  Division  Wliich  Took  the  Slingers  off  Kaiser  Bill 


Rest  Camp  at  Calais 


[220 


Billets  in  Sunny  France 


221 


m  sotie  MORE  p.  . 

CANNONEERS    ^V  ^^ 
DOUBLE  TiriEU^ 


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3  THIS   IS   NO      C.  C/-^^^ 

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;\{.^ 


W/wn  Do  We  Eai 


4S>        ^*"--'"' 


You   OlS  YOORSEtF  A  NICE  FUNK  HO/-E  AND 
SETTl-E    OOUJK  To  SE  COMfORTABlE  


WHEM    |\|r  I       JEKU^     OKOP^'    ONE  OF  MIS   SHELLS 
Ovi-R —   AMO   HCC  fteu  S-CMElUlNfr  LIKE:  "WIS  ! 


[  222  ] 


The  Real  Bailie 


Dreams  of  Hume,  Sweel  Home 


223  ] 


"THEYDIDNT  THINK  WE'D  DO  IT  BUT  WE  DID!" 

PfPICATEP  TO  MAJOR  GENERAL  f?OB£l?T0.ALfXANrrR  77"PIYI5I0M -U-^A^^^^j  t,^  PvtAl  Pubin  305'F-A 
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[224] 


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do  it ,  butjve   did,  and  you  knov/Parnedwell  we   did 


C(ppN/r[(jht  19l8bN)  f^.WitmarK  6c5onb  NewYorkCiT^  USA    Rep,  by  ^Oe^^En^ineer^ 
[:225  ] 


THE  MAKING  OF  THE  HISTORY 

THE  HISTORY  OF  THE  77th  DIVISION  was  compiled 
and  written  at  Chateauvillain,  a  little  town  of  1,200  popu- 
lation, in  the  Department  of  Haute  Marne,  France. 
Division  Headquarters  were  established  here  December  1,  1918, 
following  the  return  of  the  troops  from  the  line  after  the  cessa- 
tion of  hostilities. 

Work  began  a  few  days  after  Christmas  at  No.  1  Rue  de 
General  Davenet.  The  house  which  harbored  the  office  is  over  a 
century  old,  and  during  1870,  and  following  the  Franco-Prussian 
War,  served  as  a  billet  for  German  officers. 

The  task  of  compilation  from  Divisional  Records,  maps  and 
personal  experiences;  the  writing,  illustrating  and  editing  were 
completed  in  a  little  less  than  five  weeks. 

The  officers  and  men  who  undertook  this  task,  with  the  limited 
facihties  at  hand,  were,  only  a  few  weeks  before,  in  funk-holes  and 
gun-pits,  and  came  to  the  work  with  the  vividness  and  strenuous- 
ness  of  their  past  days  sharply  stamped  upon  their  minds.  The 
picture  then,  is  distinctly  one  of  the  battlefield,  conceived  there, 
and  written  only  a  short  distance  from  the  scenes  of  action. 


226 


HISTORICAL  STAFF 

77th  DIVISION 


EDITOR-IN-CHIEF 

Major  J.  O.  Adler, 
SOdlh  Infantry 


ART  EDITOR 

2nd  Lt.  August  Kaiser, 
302d  Engineers 

ARTISTS 

PvT.  F.  Dalrymple, 

Hq.  Co.,  south  F.  A. 
PvT.,  1st  Cl.,  Jack  P.  King, 

Co.  C,  302d  Field  Sig.  Bn. 
PvT.,  1st  Cl.,  Dan  Napoli, 

302d  Engineer  Train 
PvT.  Eric  Maunsbach, 

Batry.  D,  306th  F.  A. 

STATISTICIANS 

PvT.,  1st  Cl.,  Charles  W.  Thaens. 

Co.  C,  305lh  M.  a.  Bn. 
PvT.  C.  L.  Jones, 

Hq.  Co.,  305lh  F  A. 


EDITORS 

1st  Lt  Leonard  G.  McAneny, 
30Ulh  Machine  Gun  Bn. 

1st  Lt.  Lawrence  D.  Thornton, 
Hq.  152d  Brigade  F.  A. 

1st  Lt.  Harvey  H.  Smith, 

308th  Infantry 

2d  Lt.  Fred.  V.  Schuch, 
306th  Machine  Gun  Bn. 

CoRPL.  Edgar  G.  Herrmann, 
Hq.  Co.,  306th  F.  A. 

PvT.  S.  D.  Rabbitt, 

Hq.  153d  Brigade  Infantry 


STENOGRAPHER 

PvT.,  1st.  Cl.,  Ferdinand  Spigaroli 
Co.  C,  306lh  Infantry 


[227] 


CONTENTS 


THE  SERVICE 5 

DEDICATION 6 

INTRODUCTION 7 

New   York's   Own  (Poem) 9 

RESPONSE  OF  NEW  YORK'S  OWN 10 

THE  history- 
Phase       I    Camp  Upton 11 

Phase     II     Training  in  Fiance — Infantry V) 

Artillery 2.') 

Map  of  Baccarat  Sector 30 

Phase    III     The  Baccarat  Sector 31 

Seventy-Seven  (Poem) 3!! 

Phase    1\    Along  the  Vesle 39 

In  Brittany  (Poem) 51 

Map  of  the  Vesle-Aisne  Sector 52 

Phase      \     From  the  ^  esle  to  the  Aisne 53 

The  Spirit  of  the  Argonne  (Po?m  and  Co'.or  Illustration) 58 

Phase    VI     The  Capture  of  the  Argonne 59 

Map  of  the  Argonne 81 

Phase  VII    Advance  on  Sedan 85 

Sedan  Map 102 

The  Heights  of  Sedan  (Poeni) 103 

IN  MEMORIUM 105 

ROLL  OF  HONOR 107 

VITAL  STATISTICS 136.  137.  138 

CHRONOLOGICAL  HISTORY 130 

OFFICIAL  RECORD,  By  Major  General  Robert  Alexaisder Ill 

OPERATIONS 113 

DIVISION  STAFF  (Chart) 15Q.  160 

biographies- 
Major  General  Robert  Alexander 161 

Major  Gen-eral  J.  Franklin  Bell 163 

Major  General  George  B.  Duncan 165 

Brigadier  General  Evan  Malbone  Johnson 166 

ORDERS  OF  commendation- 
Division  Citations 169 

Individual  Citations 175 

Medals  of  Honor 191 

Distinguished  Service  Crosses 19:5 

Croix  de  Guerre 198 

THE  SO-CALLED   "LOST   BATTALION' 199 

Buddies  (Poem) 208 

TALES  OF  THE  BATTLEFIELD 209 

CARTOONS 217 

DIVISION  SONG 224 

MAKING  THE  HISTORY 226 

[  228  ] 


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from  whicfi  it  was  borrowed. 


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77' 


722    SOUTH    LOS    ANGELES    STREET      •      LOS  ANGELES    li,    CALIFORNIA: 


KENNETH    M.    KESSLER    AND    SONS 


INSPIRED  DAYTIME  AND 
EVENING  DRESSES 


Phones  trinity  OBOet  -  7 


ORIGINALS 

October  2nd  1918. 

Just  arrived  back  at  Brigade  H'dQ'rs  at  breakfast  time,   as  Lt.Park 
and  I  had  a  night  ever  to  be  remembered, Verbal  message  to  be  delv'd 
by  the  one  who  got  to  our  destination  plus  how  many  deaths  and  how 
much  food,how  critical  the  funk  hole  positions  could  hold?   V/e  like 
Indian  runners  as  the  shells  e^^loded  in  front  and  along  side  of  us 
as  though  the  bastards  knew  we  were  trying  to  get  through, How  we 
flopped  and  floundered  in  the  deep  mud  on  our  guts, asking  eachother 
if  we  were  alright  or  hit,How  wet  and  lousy, how  frightened  and  still 
unafraid  on]y  hoping  for  the  others  safety.  Flopping  in  the  dark  as 
the  flares  would  light  up  the  terrain,   stumbling  in  the  shell  holes. 
Finding  safety  for  a  feww  minutes  in  the  old  grave  yard, that  was  also 
getting  a  shower  of  high  explosives  plus  the  shrapnel  fragments  beat- 
ing down  upon  the  graves  of  the  peaceful  dead,  Lt.Park  and  I  Just 
resting  for  a  moment  or  so,   and  then  going  on  in  the  night,  we  knew 
only  that  our  gang  of  infantry  were  in  front  of  us  ahead  we  hoped. 
They  blasted  us  a  thousand  times, we'd  fall  into  the  mudand  crap  head 
first  like  professional  tumblers. Pitch  black  darkness  only  lighted 
by  the  artilleiy  shells  being  fired  every  few  seconds.   What  a  picnic 
we  rested  again  on  what  I  thot  was  leaves,   only  to  find  out  that  I 
was  covered  with  magots  from  the  dead  decomposed  remains  of  a  body. 
All  the  night  through  Lt,Park  was  up  and  down, we  had  no  stars  to 
guide  us, What  seemed  hours  later  we  heard  not  only  shelling  over  x 
our  heads  as  we  flopped  on  our  hardened  guts  again,  we  listened  and 
tried  to  get  our  bearings, all  the  while  machine  guns  swept  over  our 
prone  bodies  imbedded  in  the  mud,  Lt,  Park  and  I  had  gotten  in  front 
of  our  men  -  which  made  us  yell  out  to  cease  firing  many  times  and 
by  the  Love  Of  God,  we  were  ordered  to  approach  so  as  to  be  recog- 
nized,  and  we  did  on  our  guts  and  landed  at  our  destination  in  an 
odd  manner,   as  we  were  probably  going  around  in  circles  the  whole 
night  long  on  accoxmt  of  getting  flop  punchy  from  falling  in  the 
slime  and  crap,  and  then  getting  up  at  an  angle  going  on-  but  my 
306th  Infantry  never  looked  so  good, and  were  we  LUCKif  not  to  have 
been  killed  by  Merican  bulletts. 


ST/l 
It 


722    SOUTH    LOS    ANGELES    STREET      •      LOS  ANGELES    11,    CALIFORNIA: 


ORIGINALS 


KENNETH    M.    KESSLER   AND    SONS 


INSPIRED  DAYTIME  AND 
EVENING  DRESSES 


Phones  trinity  OSQS  -  7  -  B 


153rd  Inf.  Brigade  Headquarter 's  Det. 


Sgt  Maj, 

,  Dayhoff 

Sgt. 

Perm  ell 

Sgt, 

Smith 

Corp. 

Williams 

(  Office  ) 

Pvt. 

Gengler 

Mounted  Orde: 

Pvt. 

Rader 

II                   n 

Pvt. 

Garrett 

II              II 

Pvt, 

Middleton 

11              11 

Pvt, 

Cuthbert 

II              II 

Pvt. 

Coyle 

Teamster 

Pvt. 

Smith 

••         Auto 

Pvt. 

Ohrbach 

II 

Pvt. 

Wade 

Telephone 

Pvt. 

Perrino 

Signal  Man 

Pvt. 

Mc  Cullough 

Pvt, 

Baker 

Motorcycle 

Pvt. 

Hag«ibuckle 

It 

Pvt. 

Valkert 

Cook 

Pvt. 

Tassi 

II 

Pvt. 

Cavanaiigh 

Signal  Man 

Sgt. 

Bimblich 

306th  Intell 

Pvt, 

Kessler 

II 

Pvt. 

Levy 

II 

Pvt. 

Fearon 

11 

Pvt. 

Mc  Carthy 

306th 

Pvt. 

Babbit 

II 

Pvt. 

O'Berg 

II 

Pvt. 

Smith 

II 

ANNf 


722    SOUTH    LOS    ANGELES    STREET      •      LOS  ANGELES    14,    CALIFORNIA: 


